Gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing, and belongs to the technical field of material processing, the gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing comprises a liquid jet module, the liquid jet module comprises a liquid storage shell, one end of the liquid storage shell is provided with a liquid guide pipe, the other end of the liquid storage shell is used for being connected with a laser processing head, and laser emitted by the laser processing head acts on the surface of a workpiece through the liquid guide pipe; the liquid storage shell is communicated with a liquid inlet assembly; and the gas jet module comprises a gas outlet pipe, the gas outlet pipe and the liquid guide pipe are coaxially arranged, the liquid guide pipe is sleeved with the gas outlet pipe, a gap is formed between the gas outlet pipe and the liquid guide pipe, and the gas outlet pipe communicates with a gas inlet assembly. The composite mode of combining gas and liquid is adopted, slag generated by laser processing can be efficiently cleaned, cleanliness of a processing area is guaranteed, the cooling effect can be further improved, heat affected zones generated by laser processing are reduced, and therefore the influence of laser processing on the overall performance of materials is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material processing, and in particular to a gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing. Background Art

[0002] Laser processing is a material processing method that has been rapidly promoted in recent years. It is favored for its advantages such as high energy density, small processing scale, and high processing efficiency. Laser processing materials mainly adopts high-temperature ablation, which vaporizes or melts the material in the processing area through transient high energy, and then removes the slag through side blowing or liquid assistance.

[0003] The commonly used side blowing method is difficult to achieve efficient removal of slag. Although coaxial water supply can effectively remove the slag in the processing area, most coaxial water jets are relatively thin to adapt to laser processing. It cannot remove the slag from the entire processing area, which may affect subsequent processing and reduce efficiency. In addition, in order to increase the processing efficiency of the laser, increasing the laser output power is an important means, which will inevitably lead to an increase in the heat-affected zone of the laser processing. If laser processing is the final processing step of the component, the increased heat-affected zone will affect the overall service performance of the component.

[0004] Therefore, a gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing, comprising:

[0007] A liquid jet module, the liquid jet module comprising a liquid storage shell, one end of the liquid storage shell is provided with a liquid guide tube, and the other end is used to connect with a laser processing head, and the laser emitted by the laser processing head acts on the surface of the workpiece through the liquid guide tube; the liquid storage shell is connected to a liquid inlet assembly;

[0008] A gas jet module comprises an air outlet pipe, the air outlet pipe is coaxially arranged with the liquid guide pipe and sleeved outside the liquid guide pipe, there is a gap between the air outlet pipe and the liquid guide pipe, and the air outlet pipe is connected to an air inlet assembly.

[0009] Optionally, the air intake assembly includes an air storage shell, which is located at one end of the liquid storage shell close to the liquid guide tube, one end of the air storage shell close to the liquid storage shell is detachably connected to the liquid storage shell, and the other end is fixedly connected to and communicated with the air outlet pipe, and an air intake pipe joint is provided on the side wall of the air storage shell.

[0010] Optionally, the air storage shell is opened at one end close to the liquid storage shell and is provided with a first internal thread, and the outer wall of the liquid storage shell close to one end of the air storage shell is provided with a first external thread, the first internal thread is threadedly connected to the first external thread, and the liquid guide tube passes through the inner cavity of the air storage shell and runs through the air outlet pipe.

[0011] Optionally, the liquid storage shell is provided with an opening at one end away from the liquid conduit and is detachably connected with a fixing flange, a light-transmitting mirror is provided between the fixing flange and the liquid storage shell, and the light-transmitting mirror seals the opening end of the liquid storage shell.

[0012] Optionally, a second external thread is provided on the outer wall of the end of the liquid storage shell away from the liquid catheter, an annular ring is fixedly connected to the end of the fixing flange close to the liquid storage shell, a second internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the annular ring, and the second internal thread is threadedly connected to the second external thread.

[0013] Optionally, the light-transmitting mirror is sandwiched between the end surface of the fixing flange and the end surface of the liquid storage shell.

[0014] Optionally, a sealing gasket is respectively sandwiched between the light-transmitting mirror and the end surface of the liquid storage shell, and between the light-transmitting mirror and the end surface of the fixing flange.

[0015] Optionally, the liquid inlet assembly includes a liquid inlet threaded hole opened on the side wall of the liquid storage shell, and a liquid inlet pipe joint is threadedly connected to the liquid inlet threaded hole.

[0016] Optionally, a plurality of fixing bolt holes are provided on the fixing flange, and the fixing bolt holes are used to connect to the laser processing head through bolts.

[0017] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: during processing, liquid and laser are ejected together through a liquid guide tube to act on the surface of a workpiece, and the high specific heat capacity of the liquid is utilized so that the liquid flow can realize efficient absorption and carrying of surplus heat in the processing area, thereby realizing rapid solidification of the molten material and avoiding secondary welding with the processing area; at the same time, gas is blown out through an air outlet pipe to form an annular airflow around the liquid and the laser, and then acts on the surface of the workpiece, and the high-speed airflow can blow slag and residual liquid away from the processing area to ensure rapid progress of laser processing; and the high-speed airflow can further enhance the cooling effect while cleaning the residual liquid and slag on the surface, reduce the heat-affected zone generated by the laser processing, and thus reduce the influence of the laser processing on the overall performance of the material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a bottom view of the fixed flange in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid storage shell in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas storage shell in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1. fixing flange; 2. light-transmitting mirror; 3. sealing gasket; 4. liquid storage shell; 5. liquid inlet pipe joint; 6. sealing gasket of liquid inlet pipe joint; 7. gas storage chamber sealing gasket; 8. gas storage shell; 9. liquid guide tube; 10. air inlet pipe joint; 11. sealing gasket of air inlet pipe joint; 12. fixing bolt hole; 13. second internal thread; 14. air outlet pipe; 15. liquid inlet threaded hole; 16. second external thread; 17. liquid guide tube connecting thread; 18. first external thread; 19. air inlet screw hole; 20. first internal thread. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 The present invention provides a gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing, comprising:

[0029] The liquid jet module includes a liquid storage shell 4, one end of which is provided with a liquid guide tube 9, and the other end is used to connect with a laser processing head. The laser emitted by the laser processing head acts on the surface of the workpiece through the liquid guide tube 9; the liquid storage shell 4 is connected with a liquid inlet assembly;

[0030] The gas jet module comprises an air outlet pipe 14 , which is coaxially arranged with the liquid guiding tube 9 and sleeved outside the liquid guiding tube 9 , with a gap between the air outlet pipe 14 and the liquid guiding tube 9 , and the air outlet pipe 14 is connected with an air inlet assembly.

[0031] A liquid guide tube connection thread 17 is provided on the end surface of the liquid storage shell 4, and the liquid guide tube 9 is threadedly connected to the liquid guide tube connection thread 17; the laser is emitted to the surface of the processed material through the axis of the device, and the liquid jet is accurately output to the laser processing position through the liquid guide tube 9, and the gas forms a ring airflow through the gap between the gas outlet pipe 14 and the liquid guide tube 9;

[0032] During processing, the liquid and the laser are ejected together through the liquid guide tube 9 to act on the surface of the workpiece, and the high specific heat capacity of the liquid is utilized so that the liquid flow can efficiently absorb and carry the surplus heat in the processing area, thereby realizing the rapid solidification of the molten material and avoiding secondary welding with the processing area; at the same time, the gas is blown out through the gas outlet pipe 14 to form an annular airflow around the liquid and the laser, and then acts on the surface of the workpiece. The high-speed airflow can blow the slag and residual liquid away from the processing area to ensure the rapid progress of the laser processing; and the high-speed airflow can further enhance the cooling effect while cleaning the residual liquid and slag on the surface, reduce the heat-affected zone generated by the laser processing, and thus reduce the influence of the laser processing on the overall performance of the material.

[0033] In some optional embodiments, the air intake assembly includes an air storage shell 8, which is located at one end of the liquid storage shell 4 close to the liquid guide tube 9, and one end of the air storage shell 8 close to the liquid storage shell 4 is detachably connected to the liquid storage shell 4, and the other end is fixedly connected to and communicated with the air outlet pipe 14, and an air intake pipe joint 10 is provided on the side wall of the air storage shell 8;

[0034] An air intake screw hole 19 is opened on the side wall of the air storage shell 8, and the air intake pipe joint 10 is threadedly connected to the air intake screw hole 19. An air intake pipe joint sealing gasket 11 is provided at the connection between the air intake pipe joint 10 and the air intake screw hole 19 to ensure the sealing of the connection; the air intake pipe joint 10 is connected to the high-pressure gas controlled by the external solenoid valve.

[0035] In some optional embodiments, an opening is provided at one end of the air storage shell 8 close to the liquid storage shell 4 and a first internal thread 20 is provided. A first external thread 18 is provided on the outer wall of the liquid storage shell 4 close to the air storage shell 8. The first internal thread 20 is threadedly connected with the first external thread 18. The liquid guide tube 9 passes through the inner cavity of the air storage shell 8 and runs through the air outlet pipe 14.

[0036] The outer wall of the liquid storage shell 4 near one end of the liquid guide tube 9 has a step. After the gas storage shell 8 is threadedly connected to the liquid storage shell 4, the end face of the gas storage shell 8 is opposite to the step on the liquid storage shell 4. A gas storage cavity sealing gasket 7 is sandwiched between the end face of the gas storage shell 8 and the step on the liquid storage shell 4 to ensure the sealing of the connection.

[0037] One end of the liquid storage shell 4 on which the liquid guide tube 9 is installed is tapered, so the inner bottom wall and the outer wall of the liquid storage shell 4 are both tapered. The tapered inner bottom wall facilitates the concentrated flow of liquid to the liquid guide tube 9; the tapered outer wall can guide the airflow in the air storage shell 8, facilitating the flow of the airflow to the air outlet pipe 14.

[0038] In some optional embodiments, an opening at one end of the liquid storage shell 4 away from the liquid catheter 9 is provided with a fixed flange 1 which is detachably connected thereto, and a light-transmitting mirror 2 is provided between the fixed flange 1 and the liquid storage shell 4 , which seals the open end of the liquid storage shell 4 .

[0039] In this embodiment, the fixed flange 1, the liquid storage shell 4, the gas storage shell 8 and the liquid guide tube 9 are all cylindrical cavity structures, which are connected by threads to ensure that the axes of each component are aligned, which is beneficial to the accurate output of the laser beam.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, a second external thread 16 is provided on the outer wall of the end of the liquid storage shell 4 away from the liquid catheter 9, and an annular ring is fixedly connected to the end of the fixing flange 1 close to the liquid storage shell 4, and a second internal thread 13 is provided on the inner wall of the annular ring, and the second internal thread 13 is threadedly connected to the second external thread 16.

[0041] In some optional embodiments, a light-transmitting mirror 2 is sandwiched between the end surface of the fixing flange 1 and the end surface of the liquid storage shell 4 .

[0042] In some optional embodiments, sealing gaskets 3 are respectively sandwiched between the light-transmitting mirror 2 and the end surface of the liquid storage shell 4, and between the light-transmitting mirror 2 and the end surface of the fixing flange 1.

[0043] In some optional embodiments, the liquid inlet assembly includes a liquid inlet threaded hole 15 opened on the side wall of the liquid storage shell 4, and the liquid inlet pipe joint 5 is threadedly connected to the liquid inlet threaded hole 15.

[0044] A liquid inlet pipe joint sealing gasket 6 is provided at the connection between the liquid inlet pipe joint 5 and the liquid inlet threaded hole 15 to ensure the sealing of the connection. The liquid inlet pipe joint 5 is connected to an external electromagnetic valve to control high-pressure liquid.

[0045] In some optional embodiments, a plurality of fixing bolt holes 12 are provided on the fixing flange 1 , and the fixing bolt holes 12 are used to connect with the laser processing head through bolts.

[0046] In this embodiment, for laser processing of high aspect ratio slits of titanium alloy materials for aircraft engines, the titanium alloy parts to be processed are fixed on a processing platform;

[0047] The device adopts a cylindrical cavity structure and threaded connection, which can ensure the unity of the axis of the entire auxiliary device, facilitate the quick installation of the entire device and the efficient regulation of the laser optical path; technicians in this field can select and replace the gas-liquid composite auxiliary device with liquid flow output diameter and air flow output according to the processing requirements of different materials, thereby improving the customization effect, which is of great significance for the efficient processing of high-performance and high-value materials.

[0048] When the device is in use, the assembled gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing is connected and fixed to the laser head through the fixing bolt hole 12 and the fixing bolt. The whole is controlled by the robot arm and the operation control system. The processing steps during processing are as follows:

[0049] Step 1: Move the above-mentioned laser processing and its gas-liquid composite auxiliary device to the upper part of the titanium alloy;

[0050] Step 2: Set the laser processing parameters, including laser output power, scanning speed, liquid flow pressure, and air flow pressure;

[0051] Step 3: Control the movement of the laser processing and its gas-liquid composite auxiliary device through the operation and control system, open the external solenoid valve, introduce high-purity water and nitrogen, adjust the pressure, obtain the appropriate water jet and airflow, and start the laser processing;

[0052] Step 4: Observe the quality of the processed surface through the visual system, adjust the pressure of high-purity water and nitrogen based on information feedback, and compare the surface quality before and after parameter adjustment;

[0053] Step 5: Repeat step 4 until the machined surface meets the specified requirements.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] Reference Figure 5 , which is different from Example 1, is that the inner wall of the outlet pipe 14 is composed of two sections, one end is a circular hole section, and the other end is a tapered hole section, the small diameter end of the tapered hole section is connected to the circular hole section, and the circular hole section is close to the inner cavity of the air storage shell 8. By setting the tapered hole section, the airflow can diffuse outward with the axis of the outlet pipe 14 as the center when flowing out of the outlet pipe 14, thereby expanding the effective area on the workpiece surface, making it easier for the airflow to apply an outward thrust to the slag and residual liquid, and further facilitating the rapid removal of the slag and residual liquid.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0057] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing, characterized in that: include: A liquid jet module, the liquid jet module comprising a liquid storage shell (4), one end of the liquid storage shell (4) being provided with a liquid guide tube (9), and the other end being used for connecting with a laser processing head, the laser emitted by the laser processing head acting on the surface of a workpiece through the liquid guide tube (9); the liquid storage shell (4) being connected with a liquid inlet assembly; A gas jet module, the gas jet module comprising an air outlet pipe (14), the air outlet pipe (14) being coaxially arranged with the liquid guide pipe (9) and sleeved outside the liquid guide pipe (9), a gap being provided between the air outlet pipe (14) and the liquid guide pipe (9), and the air outlet pipe (14) being connected to an air inlet assembly.

2. The gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake assembly comprises an air storage shell (8), wherein the air storage shell (8) is located at one end of the liquid storage shell (4) close to the liquid guide tube (9), the end of the air storage shell (8) close to the liquid storage shell (4) is detachably connected to the liquid storage shell (4), and the other end is fixedly connected to and communicated with the air outlet pipe (14), and an air intake pipe joint (10) is provided on the side wall of the air storage shell (8).

3. The gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas storage shell (8) is opened at one end close to the liquid storage shell (4) and is provided with a first internal thread (20); the outer wall of the liquid storage shell (4) close to one end of the gas storage shell (8) is provided with a first external thread (18); the first internal thread (20) is threadedly connected to the first external thread (18); the liquid guide tube (9) passes through the inner cavity of the gas storage shell (8) and penetrates the gas outlet pipe (14).

4. The gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid storage shell (4) is provided with a fixed flange (1) at one end opening away from the liquid conduit (9) and is detachably connected thereto. A light-transmitting mirror (2) is provided between the fixed flange (1) and the liquid storage shell (4), and the light-transmitting mirror (2) seals the open end of the liquid storage shell (4).

5. The gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second external thread (16) is provided on the outer wall of the end of the liquid storage shell (4) away from the liquid conduit (9); an annular ring is fixedly connected to the end of the fixing flange (1) close to the liquid storage shell (4); a second internal thread (13) is provided on the inner wall of the annular ring; the second internal thread (13) is threadedly connected to the second external thread (16).

6. The gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The light-transmitting mirror (2) is sandwiched between the end surface of the fixing flange (1) and the end surface of the liquid storage shell (4).

7. The gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing according to claim 6, characterized in that: Sealing gaskets (3) are respectively sandwiched between the light-transmitting mirror (2) and the end surface of the liquid storage shell (4), and between the light-transmitting mirror (2) and the end surface of the fixing flange (1).

8. The gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet assembly comprises a liquid inlet threaded hole (15) formed on the side wall of the liquid storage shell (4), and a liquid inlet pipe joint (5) is threadedly connected to the liquid inlet threaded hole (15).

9. The gas-liquid composite auxiliary device for laser processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing flange (1) is provided with a plurality of fixing bolt holes (12), and the fixing bolt holes (12) are used to be connected to the laser processing head via bolts.

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