Factory soilless culture method for poria cocos

Abstract

The invention discloses a poria cocos factory soilless culture method which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a poria cocos sclerotium culture medium main material and a culture medium auxiliary material in proportion, humidifying, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5-6.5; putting the mixture into a container, treating and sterilizing by adopting a chemical agent under a normal temperature condition, and then inoculating a poria cocos solid strain; the method comprises the following steps: putting the tuckahoe into a culture vessel, culturing at 22-25 DEG C, taking out when sclerotia is expanded, steaming the harvested tuckahoe, removing brown skin on the surface, slicing or dicing, and drying to obtain a finished product. The method is novel, reasonable in design, simple in procedure, convenient to implement, capable of saving wood, land, labor and energy, low in cost and high in economic benefit; due to the fact that cultivation is carried out under the soilless condition, sites and farming hours can be selected at will, damage caused by diseases, insects, grass and rats is effectively reduced, and therefore the high-quality, green and pollution-free poria cocos products are obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fungus cultivation, and in particular to a factory-based soilless cultivation method for Poria cocos. Background Art

[0002] Poria cocos is the dried sclerotium of the Polyporaceae fungus Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf, also known as Futu, Fuling, Songshu, Songling, etc. It is one of the precious Chinese medicinal materials; it is also the only fungal substance among the first 86 species announced by the country in 2018 that is both food and medicine.

[0003] Poria cocos has the effects of sedation, soothing the mind, diuresis and swelling, lowering blood sugar and anti-tumor. Its usage in clinical Chinese medicine formulas is second only to licorice, and there is a saying that "nine out of ten prescriptions contain Poria cocos". It is the main raw material for nearly 300 kinds of Chinese patent medicines and more than 700 kinds of health foods, and is also widely used in cosmetics.

[0004] In the past, the artificial cultivation area of ​​Poria cocos was mainly in Anhui Province, called "Anling"; the wild Poria cocos production area was mainly in Yunnan Province, called "Yunling". Yun Poria cocos is of excellent quality, with a polysaccharide content of about 90%; at present, the main method for farmers to cultivate Poria cocos is to use felled pine stumps or basswood as saprophytic raw materials for cultivation, which requires processes such as digging pits, digging trenches, placing wood, inoculating fungi (Poria), covering with soil, and spraying drugs. This method is not only cumbersome, consumes a lot of pine wood, occupies a large amount of arable land, and has high production costs. It is easily affected by the climate, soil, pests and diseases, etc., which leads to low bioconversion rate of Poria cocos raw materials and low yield of Poria cocos blocks. In addition, the residues of pesticides and fertilizers contained in the soil may also affect the quality of Poria cocos sclerotia and affect the sustainable ecological environment.

[0005] There are still many problems in the existing soilless cultivation. For example, CN1982435A discloses soilless factory production of Poria cocos. Although it discloses the use of culture medium for soilless cultivation, it has yield problems; CN117016292A discloses a Poria cocos cultivation material. Although it discloses some technical features of the culture medium and provides nutrition, it cannot solve the problem that the Poria cocos cultivation material requires high-temperature equipment and energy-consuming sterilization; CN 108934779 A discloses a Poria cocos cultivation material and a preparation method thereof, and its bioconversion rate is low.

[0006] In the above methods, the culture medium of Poria cocos sclerotia needs to undergo high-temperature disinfection and energy-consuming sterilization. Therefore, a cultivation method that can achieve sterilization of the culture medium of Poria cocos sclerotia and factory-based soilless management under normal temperature conditions is needed in production to solve the above-described problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for factory-based soilless cultivation of Poria cocos to solve the above problems.

[0008] The scheme of the present invention is: a method for factory-based soilless cultivation of Poria cocos, comprising the following steps:

[0009] 1) preparing materials, including the main materials and auxiliary materials of the solid Poria cocos strain and the Poria cocos sclerotium culture medium;

[0010] 2) preparing the culture medium, mixing the main material of the Poria cocos sclerotium culture medium with the auxiliary materials, stirring well, humidifying, and then placing them into a container;

[0011] 3) Inoculation and cultivation, inoculating the solid Poria cocos strain into a container, placing it in a production culture area after inoculation, wherein the temperature of the culture area is 22-25° C., and the air humidity of the culture area is 60-80%; and the culture area is regularly disinfected and sterilized;

[0012] 4) Cultivating the Poria cocos. 5 to 7 days after inoculation, the hyphae form a mycelium mass and produce solid Poria cocos sclerotia. The Poria cocos sclerotia begin to produce Poria cocos peels and gradually form clumps, become fuller, and gain weight. When the Poria cocos harvesting standard is reached, the Poria cocos is obtained.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, 1) the solid Poria cocos spawn is a solid Poria cocos spawn wrapped in a bag; the bag is a high-temperature resistant polypropylene plastic round bag, the bag specification is: 18x36x0.06cm, the mycelium growth period is less than 60 days, and the moisture content in the bag is 35-40%; the weight ratio of the main material and the auxiliary material of the Poria cocos sclerotium culture medium is 9:1; the main material of the Poria cocos sclerotium culture medium is pine wood chips (size is 2-4cm*2-4cm); the auxiliary materials of the culture medium are pine wood residue powder and sugarcane bagasse powder, and the weight ratio of the pine wood residue powder to the sugarcane bagasse powder is 1:1.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the container is a woven bag or a plastic basket; the woven bag is a thickened tear film woven bag; the plastic basket is a plastic basket with holes around the perimeter; the container in 3) is a woven bag, and the mouth of the woven bag needs to be tied after inoculation; the container in 3) is a plastic basket, which is covered with 2 to 3 layers of 40% light transmittance sunshade net. The thickened tear film woven bag is a 120x80cm thickened tear film woven bag, and the plastic basket is a 62x42x32cm plastic basket with holes around the perimeter. 20kg of culture medium is loaded into each container.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the moisture content in the humidified culture medium 2) should be less than 40%.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the weight ratio of the solid Poria cocos strain in 3) to the culture medium in the container is 1.3-1.5:20; after the solid Poria cocos strain in 3) is added to the culture medium, the pH value must be adjusted to 5.5-6.5.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the culture area in 3) is a greenhouse, which is kept ventilated, light-proof and clean; the treatment in 3) is to spray the surrounding of the culture area with insect and pathogenic agents every 5 to 7 days. The insect and pathogenic agents are one or more of Green Mold Cleaner, Cypermethrin and Ant Cleaner.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the 3) holding container should be sterilized by chemical agents to eliminate miscellaneous bacteria when used, and then the Poria cocos solid strain is inoculated; the chemical agent sterilization method is: the container containing the main materials and auxiliary materials of the Poria cocos sclerotium culture medium is immersed in a disinfectant for 4 to 5 hours, then taken out and placed in a drain, drained for 8 to 10 hours, so that the water content of the culture material in the container is <40%, and the sterilization is completed; the drain should be ventilated or exposed to sunlight.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution, the soaking disinfectant is prepared by adding edible white vinegar, white sugar, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and monosodium glutamate to water to make the soaking disinfectant; then the soaking disinfectant is stored; every 100 kg of the soaking disinfectant can be used to alternately soak 8 to 10 containers containing culture media.

[0020] As an optimal technical solution, the solid Poria cocos sclerotia are white cotton-like solid sclerotia. When the solid sclerotia appear on the surface of the culture medium and form a large bacterial mass, "flowering" occurs. After the "flowering" occurs, it is treated by artificial induction, and the induction method is: fresh small Poria cocos peeled blocks are inoculated at the "flowering" location, so that the Poria cocos sclerotia gradually become full and gain weight; the growth reaches the standard for collecting Poria cocos, and Poria cocos is obtained.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, the standard for collecting the ling is that the epidermis of the sclerotium is intact and rough and turns dark brown.

[0022] A factory-based soilless cultivation method for Poria cocos is adopted, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing materials, including solid Poria cocos strains, main materials of Poria cocos sclerotium culture medium and auxiliary materials of culture medium; 2) preparing culture materials, mixing, stirring and humidifying the main materials of Poria cocos sclerotium culture medium and auxiliary materials of culture medium, and then putting them into a containing vessel; 3) inoculating and culturing, after the solid Poria cocos strains are inoculated in the containing vessel, they are sent into a culture area; the temperature of the culture area is 22-25 DEG C, and the air humidity of the culture area is 60-80%; the culture area is regularly disinfected and sterilized; 4) cultivating Poria cocos, 5-7 days after inoculation, the hyphae form hyphae masses, solid Poria cocos sclerotia are produced, the Poria cocos sclerotia begin to produce Poria cocos skin and gradually form lumps, become full and increase in weight; when the Poria cocos collection standard is reached, Poria cocos is obtained.

[0023] Advantages of the present invention:

[0024] The present invention adopts a method for sterilizing Poria cocos sclerotium culture materials by treating them with chemical agents under normal temperature conditions. Not only is the process simple and easy to implement, but it can also save energy, save land area, effectively prevent pests and diseases, save labor and high-temperature facility costs, and then use "inducement" measures to improve the biological conversion rate between Poria cocos strains and pine wood raw materials to obtain high-quality, green, and pollution-free Poria cocos sclerotium products. The invention has low production cost and high economic benefits.

[0025] In the test using the present invention, on average every 20 kg of culture medium can produce > 7 kg of Poria sclerotia, that is, the bioconversion rate of Poria spores after inoculation with pine wood culture medium can reach more than 35%, which exceeds the production average level of the main Poria producing areas in the country (i.e., bioconversion rate of 30%).

[0026] The cultivation method of Poria cocos sclerotia in the present invention does not require soil planting and covering, can save land and arbitrarily adjust the cultivation farming time.

[0027] In the present invention, the sclerotium culture material does not need high temperature sterilization, and adopts a chemical agent sterilization method to eliminate miscellaneous bacteria, and then the Poria cocos strain is inoculated for cultivation, which can save the huge equipment investment and energy consumption that must be used for high temperature and high pressure disinfection and sterilization in the usual edible fungus production.

[0028] The woven bag or perforated plastic basket cultivation adopted by the present invention allows free selection of production areas and stacking space, which is not only conducive to artificial control of temperature, light, and humidity conditions and intensive scale cultivation, but also conducive to controlling diseases, insects, weeds, and rodent damage, reducing artificial drug and fertilizer input and production management costs, achieving environmentally friendly production and obtaining hygienic and green products.

[0029] The invention can effectively reduce the damage of Poria cocos sclerotia and improve the commodity quality of Poria cocos by packing the culture medium in woven bags or baskets. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a real picture of the fifth day after the solid Poria cocos spawn was inoculated into the culture medium in Example 1, when the hyphae covered the entire surface of the culture medium.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a real picture taken on the 15th day after the solid Poria cocos strains were inoculated into the culture medium in Example 1.

[0032] Figure 3 This is another real picture of the sclerotia "blooming" on the 15th day after the Poria cocos solid spawn was inoculated into the culture medium in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0034] The factory-based soilless cultivation method of Poria cocos of the present invention has the following technical scheme:

[0035] ① Material preparation: the culture medium for Poria cocos sclerotia is pine wood chips, accounting for 90% of the total weight of the culture medium; the auxiliary materials for the culture medium for Poria cocos sclerotia are pine wood residue powder and sugarcane bagasse powder (sieved 40-60 mesh), each accounting for 5% of the total weight of the culture medium; the prepared Poria cocos solid spawn (the spawn is: "Zhongwei P5.78", the specification of the fungus bag is: 18x36x0.06cm high temperature resistant polypropylene plastic round bag; and the Poria cocos mycelium has been cultured, the mycelium fills the fungus bag; the mycelium growth period is <60 days);

[0036] ②Bagging: Mix the main ingredients and auxiliary ingredients of the Poria cocos sclerotium culture medium, stir well, and then put them into a 120x80cm thickened tear film woven bag or a 62x42x32cm plastic basket with holes around the perimeter, and put 20kg of culture medium culture material into each bag or basket; then, humidify (water content in the material <40%), and the pH value is 5.5-6.5;

[0037] ③ Inoculation: Use the prepared Poria cocos solid bag stock, remove the bag film of the stock bag, and directly put it into a woven bag or plastic basket filled with sclerotium culture material (1 bag or 1 basket of 20kg culture material, put in 1 whole bag of 1.3-1.5kg of bacteria);

[0038] ④ Cultivation: After inoculation, tie the mouth of the woven bag containing the culture material or cover the plastic basket with the culture material with a sunshade net; then, adjust the temperature of the culture area to 22-25°C and the air humidity to 60-80%, keep the surrounding environment ventilated and avoid direct sunlight (plastic bags and plastic baskets can be placed in a clean, shaded and dry place in the shed; tie the mouth of the woven bag tightly, and the plastic basket needs to be covered with 2-3 layers of sunshade nets with a light transmittance of 40%). At the same time, spray the surrounding area with chemical agents such as Green Mold Cleaner, Cypermethrin, and Ant Cleaner every 5-7 days to prevent diseases and insects from harming.

[0039] ⑤ Poria cultivation: Generally, 5-7 days after the culture medium is inoculated with the fungus, the hyphae can be observed to gradually infect the culture medium and form a mycelium mass; 15 days after the inoculation, white cotton-like solid sclerotia can be seen (even the sclerotia come to the surface of the culture medium to form a large fungus mass, which is flowering); at this time, the artificial induction method (see ⑥) can also be used to advance the Poria formation stage and increase the later yield. Generally, the induction is used for about 10 days of re-inoculation, and the Poria sclerotia begin to clump, fill, and increase weight; about 2 and a half months after the inoculation, the Poria harvesting standard is reached. According to actual measurements: on average, every 20Kg of Poria culture medium can produce 7-8kg of Poria sclerotia, that is, the biological conversion rate of Poria sclerotia can reach more than 35%.

[0040] ⑥ Induction: At the flowering part of the sclerotium of the culture medium, 1-2 pieces of fresh peeled Poria cocos (size 2-3cm×4-6cm, weight 50-120g) are used for fixed-point cultivation and inoculated into it, so that 1-2 large sclerotium individuals can be formed in each woven bag or plastic basket, which is convenient for future harvesting and processing. The research results show that compared with traditional cultivation, the average yield per unit area of ​​induced cultivation can be increased by 30%; the commercial finished product rate can be increased by 10%. It can also mature 25-30 days earlier.

[0041] Embodiment 1:

[0042] Preparation: 1 bag of solid spawn of Poria cocos, 18kg of fresh pine chips (length, width and thickness 2x2x0.3cm), 1kg of 40-60 mesh pine residue powder, 1kg of sugarcane bagasse powder; 120x80cm thickened tear film woven bag.

[0043] Mix fresh pine chips, pine residue powder and bagasse powder, put them into a woven bag, immerse the woven bag in disinfectant for 4 to 5 hours, then take it out and drain it for 8 to 10 hours, so that the moisture content of the culture medium in the woven bag is ≤40%, and the sterilization is completed; then put in a bag of solid spawn of Poria cocos (remove the plastic skin of the spawn bag, the spawn weighs about 1.3-1.5kg); then, humidify (the moisture content in the material should be <40%), and adjust the pH value to 5.5-6.5.

[0044] Then, tie the woven bag tightly, keep the temperature of the culture area at 22-25℃, the air humidity at 60-80%, ventilate all around, avoid light, keep clean, and be free of diseases, insects, and rodents. Use chemical agents such as Green Mold Cleaner, Cypermethrin, Ant Cleaner, etc. to spray the surrounding area every 5-7 days to prevent diseases and insects from causing damage.

[0045] 15 to 20 days after inoculation, the Poria cocos sclerotia begin to produce Poria cocos skin and gradually clump, fill and increase in weight. 130 to 150 days after inoculation, it reaches the standard for harvesting Poria cocos (i.e. the sclerotial skin is intact, rough and turns dark brown).

[0046] The immersion disinfectant is prepared as follows: 800 ml of edible white vinegar (total acid content>4%)+200 g of white sugar+200 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate+30 g of monosodium glutamate are added to 100 kg of clean tap water to prepare the immersion disinfectant; then, the immersion disinfectant is placed in a plastic cylinder with a barrel diameter of Φ80 cm and a height of 70 cm (a cover is required to prevent rain, sun exposure or debris from falling) for standby use; for every 100 kg of the immersion disinfectant, 8 to 10 woven bags or frames containing 20 kg of sclerotium culture materials can be alternately immersed.

[0047] Embodiment 2:

[0048] Preparation: 1 bag of solid spawn of Poria cocos, 18kg of fresh pine chips (length, width and thickness 2x2x0.3cm), 1kg of 40-60 mesh pine residue powder, 1kg of sugarcane bagasse powder; 120x80cm thickened tear film woven bag.

[0049] Mix fresh pine chips, pine residue powder and sugarcane residue evenly, put them into a woven bag, and immerse the woven bag in the disinfectant for 4 to 5 hours; then, take it out and drain it for 8 to 10 hours, so that the moisture content of the culture medium in the woven bag is ≤40%, and the sterilization is completed.

[0050] Then put in a bag of solid spawn of Poria cocos (the weight of the spawn block after removing the plastic skin of the spawn bag is 1.3-1.5 kg) for inoculation; then, humidify (the water content in the culture bag should be ≤40%) and adjust the pH value to 5.5-6.5.

[0051] Then, tie the woven bag tightly, keep the daily average temperature of the culture area at 22-25℃, the air humidity at 60-80%, ventilate all around, avoid light, keep clean, and be free of diseases, insects, and rodents. At the same time, spray the surrounding area with green mold net, cypermethrin, and ant purification chemicals every 5-7 days to prevent diseases and insects.

[0052] 5 to 7 days after inoculation, hyphae can be observed gradually infecting the culture medium and forming hyphae masses; 15 days after inoculation, white cotton-like solid sclerotia can be seen, and the sclerotia appear on the surface of the culture medium to form large clumps and bloom; at this time, fresh small peeled Poria cocos blocks (size 2 to 3 cm × 4 to 6 cm, weight 50 to 120 g) are artificially induced to cultivate at the flowering places of the sclerotia of the culture medium, and inoculated into them so that 1 to 2 larger sclerotia can be formed in each woven bag.

[0053] The sclerotium of Poria cocos begins to produce pore skin and gradually becomes fuller and heavier. After 95 to 110 days of inoculation, the standard for harvesting Poria cocos is reached. Compared with the traditional cultivation method (i.e., open-field soil-covered cultivation without induction), the average yield per unit area of ​​​​the induced cultivation method can be increased by more than 30%; the commercial product yield rate can be increased by more than 10%. It can also mature 25 to 30 days earlier.

[0054] The soaking disinfectant is prepared as follows: 800ml of edible white vinegar (total acid content>4g / 100ml) + 200g of white sugar + 200g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 30g of monosodium glutamate, added with 100kg of water to make the soaking disinfectant; then, it is placed in a plastic cylinder with a barrel diameter of Φ80cm and a height of 70cm (it needs to be covered to prevent rain, sun exposure or debris from falling) for use; for every 100kg of soaking disinfectant, 8-10 woven bags of 20kg of sclerotium culture materials can be alternately soaked.

[0055] Embodiment 3:

[0056] Preparation: 1 bag of solid Poria cocos spawn, 18kg of fresh pine chips (length, width and thickness 2x2x0.3cm), 1kg of 40-60 mesh pine residue powder, 1kg of sugarcane bagasse powder; 62x42x32cm plastic basket with holes around the circumference.

[0057] Mix fresh pine chips, pine residue powder and sugarcane residue evenly, put them into a plastic basket, immerse the plastic basket in disinfectant for 4 to 5 hours, then take it out and drain it in a drain for 8 to 10 hours, so that the moisture content of the culture medium in the plastic basket is ≤40%, and sterilization is completed; then put in a bag of solid spawn of Poria cocos (remove the plastic skin of the bag); then, humidify (the moisture content in the culture medium frame is ≤40%), and adjust the pH value to 5.5-6.5.

[0058] Then, cover the plastic basket with 2-3 layers of 40% light transmittance sunshade net, keep the temperature of the culture area at 22-25℃, the air humidity at 60-80%, ventilate all around, avoid light, keep clean, and free from diseases, insects, and rodents. Spray the surrounding area with green mold net, cypermethrin, and ant purification chemicals every 5-7 days to prevent diseases and insects.

[0059] 15 to 20 days after inoculation, the Poria cocos sclerotia begin to produce Poria cocos skin and gradually clump, become full and gain weight; 130 to 150 days after inoculation, the Poria cocos harvest standard is reached (i.e. the sclerotial skin turns dark brown).

[0060] The soaking disinfectant is prepared as follows: 800ml of edible white vinegar (total acid content>4%)+200g of white sugar+200g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate+30g of monosodium glutamate, added with 100kg of water, to prepare the soaking disinfectant; then, the soaking disinfectant is placed in a plastic cylinder with a barrel diameter of Φ80cm and a height of 70cm (a cover is required to prevent rain, sun exposure or debris from falling) for standby use; for every 100kg of the soaking disinfectant, 8-10 woven bags of 20kg of sclerotium culture materials can be alternately soaked and treated.

[0061] Embodiment 4:

[0062] Preparation: 1 bag of solid Poria cocos spawn, 18kg of fresh pine chips (length, width and thickness 2x2x0.3cm), 1kg of 40-60 mesh pine residue powder, 1kg of sugarcane bagasse powder; 62x42x32cm plastic basket with holes around the circumference.

[0063] Mix fresh pine chips, pine residue powder and sugarcane residue evenly, put them into a plastic basket, immerse the plastic basket in the disinfectant for 4 to 5 hours, then take it out and drain it for 8 to 10 hours, so that the moisture content of the culture medium in the plastic basket is less than 40%, and the sterilization is completed.

[0064] Then put in a bag of solid spawn of Poria cocos (remove the plastic skin of the bag, weighing 1.3-1.5 kg) for inoculation; then, adjust the pH value to 5.5-6.5, and the water content in the material is <40%.

[0065] Then, cover the plastic basket with 2-3 layers of 40% light transmittance sunshade net, keep the temperature of the culture area at 22-25℃, the air humidity at 60-80%, ventilate all around, avoid light, keep clean, and be free of diseases, insects, and rodents. At the same time, spray the surrounding area with green mold cleaner, cypermethrin, and ant cleaner every 5-7 days to prevent diseases and insects.

[0066] 5 to 7 days after inoculation, hyphae can be observed gradually infecting the culture medium and forming hyphae masses; 15 days after inoculation, white cotton-like solid sclerotia can be seen, and the sclerotia appear on the surface of the culture medium to form large sclerotia and bloom; at this time, artificial induction is used to cultivate 1-2 pieces of fresh peeled small Poria cocos (size 2-3cm×4-6cm, weight 50-120g) at the flowering place of the sclerotia of the culture medium, and inoculate them into them so that 1-2 larger sclerotia can be formed in each plastic basket.

[0067] The sclerotium of Poria cocos begins to produce pore skin and gradually becomes fuller and heavier. After 95 to 110 days of inoculation, the standard for harvesting Poria cocos is reached. Compared with the traditional cultivation method (i.e., open-field soil-covered cultivation without induction), the average yield per unit area of ​​​​the induced cultivation method can be increased by more than 30%; the commercial product yield rate can be increased by more than 10%. It can also mature 25 to 30 days earlier.

[0068] The soaking disinfectant is prepared as follows: 800ml of edible white vinegar (total acid content>4g / 100ml) + 200g of white sugar + 200g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 30g of monosodium glutamate, added with 100kg of water to make the soaking disinfectant; then, it is placed in a plastic cylinder with a barrel diameter of Φ80cm and a height of 70cm (it needs to be covered to prevent rain, sun exposure or debris from falling) for use; for every 100kg of soaking disinfectant, 8-10 woven bags of 20kg of sclerotium culture materials can be alternately soaked.

[0069] After multiple actual measurements: the soilless factory production method of the present invention can not only save wood, land and energy, labor, and management costs, but also effectively control the hazards of diseases, insects, and rats, thereby obtaining green and pollution-free Poria cocos sclerotia products. At the same time, on average, every 20 kg of culture medium can produce Poria cocos sclerotia ≥ 7 kg, that is, the bioconversion rate of Poria cocos strains after inoculation with pine wood culture medium can reach more than 35%, which exceeds the production average level of the main "Poria cocos" producing areas in the country (i.e., a bioconversion rate of 30%).

[0070] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for factory-scale soilless cultivation of Poria cocos, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) preparing materials, including solid Poria cocos strains, main materials of Poria cocos sclerotium culture medium and auxiliary materials of culture medium; 2) preparing the culture medium, mixing, stirring, and humidifying the main material of the Poria cocos sclerotium culture medium and the auxiliary material of the culture medium, and then placing them into a container; 3) Inoculation and cultivation, inoculating the solid Poria cocos strain into a container and sending it to a culture area; the temperature of the culture area is 22-25° C. and the air humidity is 60-80%; and the culture area is regularly disinfected and sterilized; 4) Cultivating the Poria cocos. 5 to 7 days after inoculation, the hyphae form a mycelium mass and produce solid Poria cocos sclerotia. Some sclerotia begin to produce Poria cocos skin and gradually form a mass, become full and increase in weight. When the Poria cocos harvesting standard is reached, Poria cocos is obtained.

2. The method for industrialized soilless cultivation of Poria cocos according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 1) solid Poria cocos spawn is a solid Poria cocos spawn block wrapped in a bag, and the bag is a high-temperature resistant polypropylene plastic round bag; the Poria cocos mycelium grows all over the bag, the mycelium growth period is less than 60 days, and the moisture content in the bag is 35-40%; the weight ratio of the main material of the Poria cocos sclerotium culture medium to the auxiliary material of the culture medium is 9:1; the main material of the Poria cocos sclerotium culture medium is pine chips; the auxiliary materials of the culture medium are pine residue powder and sugarcane bagasse powder, and the weight ratio of the pine residue powder to the sugarcane bagasse powder is 1:

1.

3. The method for industrialized soilless cultivation of Poria cocos according to claim 1, characterized in that: The container is a woven bag or a plastic basket; the woven bag is a thickened tear film woven bag; the plastic basket is a plastic basket with holes around the circumference; the container in 3) is a woven bag, and the mouth of the woven bag is tied tightly after inoculation; the container in 3) is a plastic basket, which is covered with 2 to 3 layers of sunshade net with a light transmittance of 40%.

4. The method for industrialized soilless cultivation of Poria cocos according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moisture content of the humidified culture medium should be ≤40%.

5. The method for industrialized soilless cultivation of Poria cocos according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the solid Poria cocos strain in 3) to the culture medium in the container is 1.3-1.5:20; after the solid Poria cocos strain in 3) is loaded into the culture medium, the pH value must be adjusted to 5.5-6.

5.

6. The method for industrialized soilless cultivation of Poria cocos according to claim 1, characterized in that: The culture area in 3) is a greenhouse, which is kept ventilated, light-proof and clean; the treatment in 3) is to spray the surrounding area of ​​the culture area with insect and pathogen prevention agents every 5 to 7 days.

7. The method for industrialized soilless cultivation of Poria cocos according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3) When the container is used, a chemical sterilization method is used to kill bacteria, and then the solid Poria cocos culture is inoculated; the chemical sterilization method is: the container containing the main material of the Poria cocos sclerotium culture medium and the auxiliary material of the culture medium is immersed in a disinfectant for 4 to 5 hours, then taken out and placed in a drain for 8 to 10 hours, so that the water content of the culture medium in the container is ≤40%, and the sterilization is completed; the drain needs to be ventilated or exposed to sunlight.

8. The method for industrialized soilless cultivation of Poria cocos according to claim 7, characterized in that: The soaking disinfectant is prepared by adding edible white vinegar, white sugar, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and monosodium glutamate to water to prepare the soaking disinfectant; then the soaking disinfectant is stored; and every 100 kg of the soaking disinfectant can be used to alternately soak 8 to 10 containers containing culture materials.

9. The method for industrialized soilless cultivation of Poria cocos according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid Poria cocos sclerotia is a white cotton-like solid sclerotia. When the solid sclerotia appear on the surface of the culture medium and form a large bacterial mass, "flowering" occurs. After the "flowering" occurs, it is treated by artificial induction, and the induction method is: fresh small Poria cocos peeled bacterial blocks are inoculated at the "flowering" location, so that the Poria cocos sclerotia gradually clump, become full, and increase in weight; when the Poria cocos collection standard is reached, Poria cocos is obtained.

10. A method for industrialized soilless cultivation of Poria cocos as claimed in claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: The standard for collecting Poria is: the epidermis of the sclerotium is intact, rough, and turns dark brown.

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