Pretreatment system and method suitable for in-furnace incineration of sticky flammable and explosive hazardous waste

Abstract

The invention discloses a pretreatment system and method suitable for in-furnace incineration of sticky flammable and explosive hazardous waste, and according to the material treatment sequence, the pretreatment system comprises an elevator, a clamping device, a sealing device, a crushing device, a mixing device, a stirring kettle and a pump injection device, the sealing device, the crushing device, the mixing device, the stirring kettle and the pumping device are sequentially connected and jointly form an operation space capable of being isolated from the outside, and viscous flammable and explosive materials automatically flow among the devices in the operation space; and the oxygen content in the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device is controlled to be 3-5%. Viscous flammable and explosive materials are sealed in a barrel, the probability that the flammable and explosive materials make direct contact with oxygen is reduced, the oxygen element in combustion is limited, the explosion risk in the conveying process is reduced, other compatible waste liquid is introduced into the viscous materials, mixed and then merged into a furnace to be incinerated, the flowability of the viscous materials can be improved, and the combustion efficiency of the viscous materials is improved. The conveying resistance is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material incineration pretreatment, and in particular to a pretreatment system and method suitable for incineration of viscous, inflammable and explosive hazardous waste. Background Art

[0002] Viscous flammable and explosive materials have high concentration, high viscosity, and high cohesion, making them difficult to stir and transport. Using traditional open conveying equipment such as belt conveyors and scraper conveyors for transportation is very likely to cause secondary pollution. The flash point of viscous flammable and explosive materials is generally lower than 28°C. According to the "Building Design Fire Protection Code", they are classified as Class A liquids. If they are not properly protected and are in an environment with sufficient oxygen, they are very likely to cause combustion and explosion during transportation, loading and unloading, storage, and other pretreatment processes. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a pretreatment system and method suitable for incineration of viscous, inflammable and explosive hazardous waste.

[0004] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, a pretreatment system suitable for incineration of viscous, inflammable and explosive hazardous waste is provided. According to the order of inflammable and explosive material treatment, the pretreatment system comprises: a hoist, a clamping device, a sealing device, a crushing device, a mixing device, a stirring kettle, and a pumping device. The sealing device, the crushing device, the mixing device, the stirring kettle, and the pumping device are sequentially connected and together constitute a working space that can be isolated from the outside world. The viscous, inflammable and explosive material automatically flows between the various devices in the working space.

[0006] Among them, the elevator is used to lift the insulated and light-proof material barrel to a high discharge position, the material barrel is used to place viscous flammable and explosive materials and is in a closed structure; the sealing device includes an inlet, and the clamping device is used to clamp the material barrel at the high discharge position to the inlet of the sealing device; the oxygen content in the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device is controlled at 3-5%.

[0007] In some embodiments, the material barrel includes a barrel body with an opening at the top, and a cover plate disposed at the opening of the barrel body and used to seal the opening;

[0008] The material barrel is provided with a sensor for measuring parameters related to the material barrel, and the cover is opened or closed based on the comparison between the measurement result of the sensor and a predetermined threshold value.

[0009] In some embodiments, the elevator is provided with a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature inside the elevator and a cooling device for reducing the temperature inside the elevator;

[0010] When the temperature inside the elevator exceeds the target temperature threshold, the temperature reduction device reduces the temperature inside the elevator.

[0011] In some embodiments, the sealing device, the crushing device, and the mixing device are all provided with a temperature sensor for measuring the corresponding internal temperature, a nitrogen interface connected to a nitrogen supply source, an oxygen content analyzer interface connected to an oxygen content analyzer, and a dry powder fire extinguisher device interface connected to a dry powder fire extinguisher device.

[0012] In some embodiments, the crushing device comprises:

[0013] A crushing chamber, comprising an upper buffer sub-chamber and a lower crushing sub-chamber located at the bottom of the upper buffer sub-chamber;

[0014] A crusher is arranged in the lower crushing subchamber; and

[0015] A pusher for pushing the material in the upper buffer subchamber into the crusher in combination with gravity is arranged in the upper buffer subchamber.

[0016] In some embodiments, the crusher adopts a high-torque shearing double-shaft crusher, the crusher blade has a tensile strength of 1050-1200 MPa, a hardness of 58-62 HRC, and a hardened layer thickness of 3-5 mm, and a comb-shaped metal scraper is arranged at the bottom of the crusher, the angle between the scraper and the bottom of the crusher is 85-90°, and the length of the scraper is 0.75-0.80 times the length of the bottom of the crusher, so that the particle size of the material after crushing is 150-200 mm.

[0017] In certain embodiments, the mixing device has an inlet and an outlet distributed at both ends of the horizontal lateral direction of the mixing device, and the mixing device is provided with an axisless screw whose length extends along the horizontal lateral direction, and the axisless screw is used to mix and drive the materials at the inlet of the mixing device to the outlet of the mixing device, and the mixing device is provided with a waste liquid injection unit connected to the interior of the mixing device, and the waste liquid injection unit injects compatible waste liquid into the mixing device based on the weight and liquid level of the stirring tank.

[0018] In some embodiments, the outer walls of the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device are covered with insulation material, and the thickness of the insulation material is 50 to 80 mm; the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device are all coated with polytetrafluoroethylene coating at the contact points with the materials, and the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene coating is 20 to 30 mm.

[0019] In some embodiments, when the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device are all sealed with nitrogen and the internal oxygen content is higher than 3-5%, the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device are filled with nitrogen;

[0020] When the pressure inside the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device is 1.2-1.6 MPa, the pressure inside the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device is released.

[0021] In a second aspect, a pretreatment method for incineration of viscous, inflammable and explosive hazardous waste is provided, the pretreatment method being applicable to the pretreatment system provided in the first aspect, the method comprising the following steps:

[0022] First, store the viscous, inflammable, and explosive hazardous waste in a sealed material barrel;

[0023] Then, the material barrel is lifted to a high discharge position by using a lifting machine;

[0024] Next, a clamping device is used to clamp the material barrel at the height discharge position to the inlet of the sealing device;

[0025] Control the oxygen content in the sealing device, crushing device and mixing device within the range of 3-5%;

[0026] When the height of the material barrel reaches a predetermined height threshold, the cover of the material barrel is first opened, the inlet of the sealing device is opened, and the viscous inflammable and explosive hazardous waste in the material barrel is put into the sealing device through the inlet of the sealing device through the clamping device, and then the inlet of the sealing device is closed;

[0027] Finally, the viscous inflammable and explosive hazardous waste in the sealing device is sequentially passed through a crushing device, a mixing device, a stirring kettle, and a pumping device to complete the incineration pretreatment of the viscous inflammable and explosive hazardous waste.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. The present invention seals viscous, inflammable, and explosive hazardous wastes in barrels, and by maintaining the oxygen content between 3% and 5% in the sealing device, crushing device, and mixing device, the risk of combustion and explosion caused by excessive oxygen content is greatly reduced. This closed environment and oxygen content control ensure that the viscous, inflammable, and explosive materials are always in a low-oxygen environment during the entire pretreatment process, effectively avoiding combustion or explosion accidents that may be caused by contact between the materials and the air. Therefore, the present invention has extremely high safety when processing viscous, inflammable, and explosive hazardous wastes, and solves the problem in the prior art that the viscous, inflammable, and explosive hazardous wastes cannot effectively control the oxygen content, which is prone to safety accidents.

[0030] 2. The various devices in the present invention (such as the sealing device, crushing device, mixing device, stirring kettle and pumping device) are interconnected to form a closed working space, and the materials can flow automatically in this space without manual operation. At the same time, the cooperation of the hoist and the clamping device can automatically lift the material barrel to a specified height and accurately position it to the inlet position of the sealing device to ensure that the material transfer process is smooth and safe. The improvement in the degree of automation has greatly reduced manual intervention, thereby reducing the possible misoperation or safety hazards caused by manual operation, and improving the overall operating efficiency and safety performance of the system.

[0031] 3. The material is processed in the closed space of the present invention, and the sealing device ensures that the entire pretreatment process is completely isolated from the external environment, avoiding safety and environmental problems caused by material leakage or contact with the outside air during the treatment process. Especially when treating viscous, inflammable and explosive hazardous wastes, the closed system can effectively prevent the material from volatilizing, diffusing or leaking into the external environment, solving the pollution problem that is prone to occur in the treatment process of viscous, inflammable and explosive hazardous wastes in the prior art, and meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0032] 4. The combined use of the crushing device and the mixing device in the present invention is specially optimized for the characteristics of viscous, inflammable, and explosive hazardous wastes. The crushing device can effectively decompose the viscous material, reduce the viscosity of the material, and make the subsequent mixing process more uniform and efficient. The mixing device ensures the full mixing of different material components, especially the introduction of other compatible waste liquids, which increases the fluidity of the viscous material, reduces the transportation resistance, and creates better conditions for subsequent incineration treatment. This design improves the efficiency of the entire pretreatment of viscous, inflammable, and explosive hazardous wastes, allowing viscous, inflammable, and explosive hazardous wastes to enter the incineration equipment faster and more evenly.

[0033] 5. The present invention is based on the coordinated design of various devices in the system, which ensures the overall improvement of safety, environmental protection and processing efficiency, and significantly solves the various problems existing in the prior art when processing viscous flammable and explosive materials, so that the present invention has broad market prospects and technical advantages in practical applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0035] Figure 1The present invention is a schematic diagram of a pretreatment system for incineration of viscous, flammable and explosive hazardous wastes according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, a pretreatment system suitable for incineration of viscous flammable and explosive hazardous waste is provided. According to the order of processing viscous flammable and explosive materials, the pretreatment system includes: an elevator 1, a clamping device 2, a sealing device, a crushing device, a mixing device, a stirring kettle 8 and a pumping device.

[0038] The viscous flammable and explosive materials are placed in a closed, heat-insulated and light-proof material barrel to ensure that the viscous flammable and explosive materials are in a heat-insulated and light-proof environment to prevent the temperature from exceeding the flash point during the transportation process (especially during the operation of the hoist 1 and the clamping device 2) and causing explosion. The material barrel is made of high-density polyethylene resin to prevent the viscous flammable and explosive materials (viscous hazardous waste) from corroding the barrel body and leaking, resulting in combustion and explosion.

[0039] In some embodiments, the material barrel includes a barrel body with an opening at the top, a cover plate arranged at the opening of the barrel body and used to seal the opening, and a sensor for measuring parameters related to the material barrel is provided on the material barrel. The cover plate is opened or closed based on comparing the measurement results of the sensor with a predetermined threshold.

[0040] In some embodiments, a height sensor 17 is provided on the cover, and the cover is opened when the height of the barrel measured by the height sensor 17 is not less than a predetermined height threshold; in some embodiments, the cover is opened when the height of the barrel is ≥ (H+h1 / 2) (H is the total height of the elevator 1, and h1 is the height of the container barrel).

[0041] In some embodiments, a weighing sensor 21 is provided on the barrel, and the cover is closed when the weight of the barrel measured by the weighing sensor 21 is not greater than a predetermined weight threshold. In some embodiments, the cover is closed when the weight of the barrel is ≤1.2M (M is the mass of the barrel itself).

[0042] Since the sticky hazardous waste cannot be completely discharged, there is adhesion. The default height is (H+h1 / 2) when the inlet of the sealing device reaches the optimal position, and the discharge is completed when the mass is 1.2M. Otherwise, the material to be discharged in the barrel may easily come into contact with the air for a long time, resulting in flammable and explosive risks.

[0043] The hoist 1 is used to lift the material bucket to a high discharge position. The hoist 1 is a Z-shaped vertical hoist 1. The hoist 1 has an up and down transportation function, and its top outlet is welded with the clamping device 2.

[0044] In one embodiment, the elevator 1 is provided with a temperature sensor 15 for measuring the temperature inside the elevator 1 and a cooling device for reducing the temperature inside the elevator 1; when the temperature inside the elevator 1 exceeds the target temperature threshold, the cooling device cools the inside of the elevator 1. In some embodiments, the cooling device uses a cooling fan, and at least a part of the cooling fan is arranged outside the elevator 1. In some embodiments, the temperature sensor 15 is arranged at different heights of the elevator 1 at a distance of H / 4 or its multiples. At the same time, the temperature sensor 15 is also configured with an alarm function. The cooling fan and the temperature sensor 15 can be linked through a controller. When the temperature inside the elevator 1 exceeds the target temperature threshold (flash point of flammable and explosive hazardous waste), the alarm system is triggered and the cooling fan is controlled to start, so as to prevent the hazardous waste from being locally overheated and exploding during the lifting and transportation process.

[0045] The clamping device 2 is used to clamp the material barrel at the height discharge position to the inlet of the sealing device. The width of the clamping device 2 is 0.80-0.90h (the width of 0.85h can achieve accurate feeding while saving construction costs).

[0046] The main body of the sealing device is the sealing chamber 3. In some embodiments, the length of the internal space of the sealing device extends vertically and the volume of the internal space is controlled to be 1.1 to 1.3 times the volume of the material barrel. The inlet and outlet of the sealing device are controlled by the opening and closing of the gate door. In one embodiment, when the volume of the internal space of the sealing device is controlled to be 1.2 times the volume of the material barrel, it can not only save the equipment manufacturing cost, but also prevent material blockage and realize continuous and orderly feeding.

[0047] The sealing device, the crushing device, the mixing device, the stirring kettle 8, and the pumping device are connected in sequence and together constitute a working space that can be isolated from the outside world. The viscous inflammable and explosive materials automatically flow between the various devices in the working space.

[0048] The oxygen content in the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device is controlled at 3-5%. In some embodiments, the sealing chamber 3 of the sealing device, the crushing chamber 4 of the crushing device and the mixing chamber 7 of the mixing device are all provided with a nitrogen interface 12 and an oxygen content analyzer interface 13 which are connected to their respective interiors. The nitrogen interface 12 and the oxygen content analyzer interface 13 are respectively connected to a nitrogen supply source and an oxygen content analyzer. When the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device are all sealed with nitrogen and the oxygen content analyzer analyzes that the internal oxygen content is higher than 3-5%, the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device are filled with nitrogen through the nitrogen interface 12. Specifically, the pressure regulating valve on the working space is opened to fill with nitrogen, otherwise the pressure regulating valve is closed.

[0049] When the pressure inside the sealing device, crushing device and mixing device is 1.2-1.6 MPa, the pressure inside the sealing device, crushing device and mixing device is released. Specifically, the breathing valve on the working space is opened to release the pressure, and the pressure relief valve is closed after the pressure relief is completed.

[0050] In one embodiment, the crushing device includes: a crushing chamber 4, a crusher 6 and a pusher 5. The crushing chamber 4 includes an upper buffer subchamber and a lower crushing subchamber located at the bottom of the upper buffer subchamber; the top opening of the upper buffer subchamber is connected to the outlet of the sealing device, the crusher 6 is arranged in the lower crushing subchamber, and the pusher 5 is used to push the material in the upper buffer subchamber into the crusher 6 by gravity, and the pusher 5 is installed in the upper buffer subchamber. In some embodiments, the pusher 5 is installed at h2 / 3 of the left side wall of the upper buffer subchamber, h2 is the height of the upper buffer subchamber, and the installation inclination angle is 45 to 55 degrees.

[0051] In some embodiments, the crusher 6 adopts a low-speed, high-torque shearing double-shaft crusher 6, and the tool material adopts a special forged alloy material. The blade of the crusher 6 has a tensile strength of 1050-1200 MPa, a hardness of 58-62 HRC, and a hardened layer thickness of 3-5 mm. A comb-shaped metal scraper is arranged at the bottom of the crusher 6, and the angle between the scraper and the bottom of the crusher 6 is 85-90°. The length of the scraper is 0.75-0.80 times the length of the bottom of the crusher 6, so that the particle size of the material after crushing is 150-200 mm. The scraper is designed to have this installation angle and length, which is conducive to removing the viscous material wrapped around the shaft of the crusher 6.

[0052] In some embodiments, the main body of the mixing device is a mixing chamber 7, which has an inlet and an outlet distributed at both ends of the horizontal lateral part of the mixing device. The inlet of the mixing device is connected to the outlet of the crushing device. The mixing device is provided with an axisless screw whose length extends along the horizontal lateral part. The axisless screw is used to mix and drive the materials at the inlet of the mixing device to the outlet of the mixing device. A waste liquid interface 14 connected to the interior of the mixing device is installed on the left side wall of the mixing device. A waste liquid injection unit is installed on the waste liquid interface 14 of the mixing device. The waste liquid injection unit injects compatible waste liquid into the mixing device based on the weight and liquid level of the stirring kettle 8.

[0053] In some embodiments, the inlet of the stirring tank 8 is connected to the outlet of the mixing device, and a weighing sensor 20 for measuring the weight of the material in the stirring tank 8 is installed at the bottom of the stirring tank 8, and a liquid level sensor 16 for measuring the liquid level of the material in the stirring tank 8 is installed on the side wall. i =π / 4×D 2 ×h3×ρ1×ρ2 / (0.8ρ2+0.2ρ1), start the waste liquid injection unit to spray the waste liquid (D is the inner diameter of the stirring tank 8, h3 is the liquid level meter reading, ρ1 is the waste liquid density, and ρ2 is the hazardous waste material density).

[0054] In some embodiments, the pumping device includes a plunger pump 9 connected to the outlet of the stirring tank 8 and a spray gun 10 connected to the plunger pump 9. The viscous inflammable and explosive hazardous waste is sprayed into the furnace by the spray gun 10 for incineration.

[0055] In some embodiments, the outer walls of the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device are covered with an insulation material 18, which may be polyethylene foam, foam glass, aerogel felt or polyacetonitrile urate, etc. This type of material has the properties of thermal conductivity, moisture resistance, chemical resistance, aging resistance, flammability, etc., which can ensure the constant temperature of the system during the storage and transportation of flammable and explosive materials. The thickness of the insulation material 18 is 50 to 80 mm. If the thickness of the insulation material 18 is too large, the cost will increase, and if it is too small, the cold preservation effect will be poor. Polytetrafluoroethylene coating is applied at the contact points with the materials in the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device. The thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene coating is 20 to 30 mm. The polytetrafluoroethylene coating can slow down the internal corrosion rate. If the thickness is too large, the cost will increase, and if it is too small, the anti-corrosion effect will be poor.

[0056] In some embodiments, the sealing chamber 3 of the sealing device, the crushing chamber 4 of the crushing device and the mixing chamber 7 of the mixing device are all provided with a dry powder fire extinguisher device interface 11 connected to their respective interiors. The sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device are all equipped with a dry powder fire extinguisher device and a temperature sensor 15 connected to the corresponding internal space. Specifically, the dry powder fire extinguisher device is installed at the dry powder fire extinguisher device interface 11. When it is detected that the indoor temperature reaches 50-60°C and continues to rise, the dry powder fire extinguisher is started to extinguish the fire.

[0057] In some embodiments, a pretreatment method for incineration of viscous, inflammable and explosive hazardous waste is provided, which is applicable to the above-mentioned pretreatment system and comprises the following steps:

[0058] First, store the viscous, inflammable, and explosive hazardous waste in a sealed material barrel;

[0059] Then use the hoist 1 to lift the material bucket to a high discharge position;

[0060] Next, the material barrel at the height discharge position is clamped to the inlet of the sealing device using the clamping device 2;

[0061] Control the oxygen content in the sealing device, crushing device and mixing device within the range of 3-5%;

[0062] When the height of the material barrel reaches a predetermined height threshold, the cover of the material barrel is first opened, the inlet of the sealing device is opened, and the viscous, inflammable and explosive hazardous waste in the material barrel is put into the sealing device from the inlet of the sealing device through the clamping device 2, and then the inlet of the sealing device is closed; the empty material barrel after processing the material will have the cover closed again, and the material barrel will be transported to the ground along the original route through the reversal control system (for example, the clamping device 2 and the elevator 1), and then reused after cleaning.

[0063] Finally, the viscous inflammable and explosive hazardous waste in the sealing device is passed through the crushing device, the mixing device, the stirring kettle 8, and the pumping device in sequence to complete the incineration pretreatment of the viscous inflammable and explosive hazardous waste; wherein, the viscous inflammable and explosive hazardous waste in the crushing device relies on its own gravity and the pusher 5 to slide down to the inlet of the crusher 6 in the crushing device.

[0064] The pre-treated viscous inflammable and explosive hazardous waste is sprayed into the furnace by a pumping device for incineration.

[0065] The present invention seals viscous inflammable and explosive hazardous waste in barrels, and by maintaining the oxygen content between 3 and 5% in the sealing device, crushing device and mixing device, the risk of combustion and explosion caused by excessive oxygen content is greatly reduced. This closed environment and oxygen content control ensure that the viscous inflammable and explosive materials are always in a low-oxygen environment during the entire pretreatment process, effectively avoiding combustion or explosion accidents that may be caused by contact between the materials and the air. Therefore, the present invention has extremely high safety when processing viscous inflammable and explosive hazardous waste, and solves the problem in the prior art that the viscous inflammable and explosive hazardous waste cannot effectively control the oxygen content, which is prone to safety accidents.

[0066] The various devices in the present invention (such as the sealing device, crushing device, mixing device, stirring tank 8 and pumping device) are interconnected to form a closed working space, and the material can flow automatically in this space without manual operation. At the same time, the cooperation of the hoist 1 and the clamping device 2 can automatically lift the material barrel to a specified height and accurately position it to the inlet position of the sealing device to ensure that the material transfer process is smooth and safe. The improvement in the degree of automation greatly reduces manual intervention, thereby reducing the possible misoperation or safety hazards caused by manual operation, and improving the overall operating efficiency and safety performance of the system.

[0067] The material is processed in the closed space of the present invention, and the sealing device ensures that the entire pretreatment process is completely isolated from the external environment, avoiding safety and environmental problems caused by material leakage or contact with the outside air during the treatment process. In particular, when treating viscous, inflammable, and explosive hazardous wastes, the closed system can effectively prevent the material from volatilizing, diffusing, or leaking into the external environment, solving the pollution problem that is prone to occur in the treatment process of viscous, inflammable, and explosive hazardous wastes in the prior art, and meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0068] The combined use of the crushing device and the mixing device in the present invention is specially optimized for the characteristics of viscous, inflammable, and explosive hazardous waste. The crushing device can effectively decompose the viscous material, reduce the viscosity of the material, and make the subsequent mixing process more uniform and efficient. The mixing device ensures the full mixing of different material components, especially the introduction of other compatible waste liquids, increases the fluidity of the viscous material, reduces the transportation resistance, and creates better conditions for subsequent incineration treatment. This design improves the efficiency of the entire viscous, inflammable, and explosive hazardous waste pretreatment, allowing the viscous, inflammable, and explosive hazardous waste to enter the incineration equipment faster and more evenly.

[0069] The present invention is based on the coordinated design of various devices in the system, ensuring comprehensive improvement in safety, environmental protection and processing efficiency, and significantly solving various problems existing in the prior art when processing viscous flammable and explosive materials, so that the present invention has broad market prospects and technical advantages in practical applications.

[0070] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of one or more embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit one or more embodiments of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of one or more embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pretreatment system suitable for incineration of viscous, flammable and explosive hazardous waste, characterized in that: According to the order of processing viscous inflammable and explosive materials, it includes: a hoist, a clamping device, a sealing device, a crushing device, a mixing device, a stirring kettle and a pumping device, wherein the sealing device, the crushing device, the mixing device, the stirring kettle and the pumping device are sequentially connected and together form a working space that can be isolated from the outside world, and the viscous inflammable and explosive materials automatically flow between the various devices in the working space; Among them, the elevator is used to lift the insulated and light-proof material barrel to a high discharge position, the material barrel is used to place viscous flammable and explosive materials and is in a closed structure; the sealing device includes an inlet, and the clamping device is used to clamp the material barrel at the high discharge position to the inlet of the sealing device; the oxygen content in the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device is controlled at 3-5%.

2. The pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material barrel comprises a barrel body with an opening at the top, and a cover plate arranged at the opening of the barrel body and used to block the opening; The material barrel is provided with a sensor for measuring parameters related to the material barrel, and the cover is opened or closed based on the comparison between the measurement result of the sensor and a predetermined threshold value.

3. The pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elevator is provided with a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature inside the elevator and a cooling device for reducing the temperature inside the elevator; When the temperature inside the elevator exceeds the target temperature threshold, the temperature reduction device reduces the temperature inside the elevator.

4. The pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing device, the crushing device, and the mixing device are all provided with a temperature sensor for measuring the corresponding internal temperature, a nitrogen interface connected to a nitrogen supply source, an oxygen content analyzer interface connected to an oxygen content analyzer, and a dry powder fire extinguisher device interface connected to a dry powder fire extinguisher device.

5. The pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing device comprises: A crushing chamber, comprising an upper buffer sub-chamber and a lower crushing sub-chamber located at the bottom of the upper buffer sub-chamber; A crusher is arranged in the lower crushing subchamber; and A pusher for pushing the material in the upper buffer subchamber into the crusher in combination with gravity is arranged in the upper buffer subchamber.

6. The pretreatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crusher adopts a large torque shearing double-shaft crusher. The tensile strength of the crusher blade is 1050-1200MPa, the hardness is 58-62HRC, and the thickness of the hardened layer is 3-5mm. A comb-shaped metal scraper is arranged at the bottom of the crusher. The angle between the scraper and the bottom of the crusher is 85-90°. The length of the scraper is 0.75-0.80 times the length of the bottom of the crusher, so that the particle size of the crushed material is 150-200mm.

7. The pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing device has an inlet and an outlet distributed at both ends of the horizontal lateral direction of the mixing device. The mixing device is provided with an axisless screw whose length extends along the horizontal lateral direction. The axisless screw is used to mix and drive the materials at the inlet of the mixing device to the outlet of the mixing device. The mixing device is provided with a waste liquid injection unit connected to the interior of the mixing device. The waste liquid injection unit injects compatible waste liquid into the mixing device based on the weight and liquid level of the stirring tank.

8. The pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer walls of the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device are covered with insulation materials with a thickness of 50 to 80 mm; the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device are all coated with polytetrafluoroethylene coatings at the places in contact with the materials with a thickness of 20 to 30 mm.

9. The pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device are all sealed with nitrogen and the internal oxygen content is higher than 3-5%, the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device are filled with nitrogen; When the pressure inside the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device is 1.2-1.6 MPa, the pressure inside the sealing device, the crushing device and the mixing device is released.

10. A pretreatment method for viscous, flammable and explosive hazardous wastes before incineration, characterized in that: Applicable to the pretreatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising the following steps: First, store the viscous, inflammable, and explosive hazardous waste in a sealed material barrel; Then, the material barrel is lifted to a high discharge position by using a lifting machine; Next, a clamping device is used to clamp the material barrel at the height discharge position to the inlet of the sealing device; Control the oxygen content in the sealing device, crushing device and mixing device within the range of 3-5%; When the height of the material barrel reaches a predetermined height threshold, the cover of the material barrel is first opened, the inlet of the sealing device is opened, and the viscous inflammable and explosive hazardous waste in the material barrel is put into the sealing device through the inlet of the sealing device through the clamping device, and then the inlet of the sealing device is closed; Finally, the viscous inflammable and explosive hazardous waste in the sealing device is sequentially passed through a crushing device, a mixing device, a stirring kettle, and a pumping device to complete the incineration pretreatment of the viscous inflammable and explosive hazardous waste.

Images