Method for collecting abalone feces and application
By laying a 200-mesh screen outside the abalone frame and removing seawater by centrifugation technology, the problem of efficient collection of feces and evaluating protein source digestibility in abalone breeding is solved, and the effect of reducing breeding costs and improving economic benefits is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411413180.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
In existing abalone farming, the cost of bait is high and the price of fish meal increases, resulting in an increase in breeding costs and it is difficult to efficiently collect abalone feces to evaluate protein source digestibility.
Feces were collected by laying a 200 mesh screen outside the abalone frame, and seawater was removed by centrifugation, and then dried and preserved. The apparent digestibility was calculated to find a source of high-quality protein to replace fish meal.
It has achieved efficient collection of abalone feces, eliminated the influence of salt, accurately evaluated the apparent digestibility of different protein sources, reduced breeding costs, and improved economic benefits.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and more particularly to a method for collecting abalone feces. Background Art
[0002] The wrinkled abalone is a large algae-feeding marine gastropod. After attachment, the larvae feed on benthic diatoms. From the juvenile abalone to the adult abalone stage, it feeds on large seaweeds such as kelp and asparagus. Therefore, it needs to be fed continuously during its breeding process.
[0003] From the perspective of the cost composition of abalone farming, the cost of feed accounts for as high as 40% to 60%, and the prices of kelp and asparagus, the main baits of abalone, have shown a significant upward trend in recent years. At the same time, with the continuous development of my country's aquaculture industry, the demand for aquatic animal feed has gradually increased. At present, my country's main feed raw materials such as fish meal and soybean meal are mostly imported, but in recent years, due to the decline of fishery resources and the increase in demand for fish meal, the price of raw materials has continued to rise, and the cost of breeding has soared. Therefore, researchers in the industry are constantly looking for low-cost high-quality protein sources to replace fish meal. Researchers often use digestibility as an important indicator to evaluate the nutritional value of feed raw materials, which is of great significance for improving the economic benefits of breeding and promoting the healthy development of abalone breeding.
[0004] At present, the available methods for collecting fish feces include vertical sedimentation column collection, siphon collection, and anatomical extrusion collection. However, considering the feeding and excretion habits of abalone and the dissolution of compound feed, it is necessary to study a convenient and efficient method for collecting abalone feces and eliminating the influence of residual bait. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background technology, the present invention provides a method for collecting abalone feces. By collecting the feces of abalone after feeding different protein source feeds, the apparent digestibility of abalone for different protein source feeds can be calculated, thereby providing a reference for finding high-quality protein sources to replace fish meal.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
[0007] As one aspect of the present invention, a method for collecting abalone feces is provided, comprising the following steps:
[0008] Abalones were raised in abalone boxes and fed with experimental feeds from 22:00 to 23:00 on the first day, and leftover baits and dead abalones were collected at least 6 hours later;
[0009] After ensuring that the residual bait and dead abalone are completely cleaned, a 200-mesh screen is placed outside the abalone frame to collect abalone feces;
[0010] The next day, from 22:00 to 23:00, the feces on the screen were scraped off with a scraper, and the collected feces were centrifuged to remove the seawater;
[0011] The feces from which the seawater is removed by centrifugation are dried and sealed for storage.
[0012] Another preferred technical solution is that the time for feeding the test feed on the first day is 22:30, and the time for collecting the remaining bait and cleaning up the dead abalone is 4:30 on the second day.
[0013] The preferred technical solution also includes the following steps of arranging a 200-mesh screen outside the abalone frame:
[0014] Choose an outer frame that is larger than the abalone frame, and fix a 200-mesh screen on the inside of the outer frame, and place the abalone frame into the outer frame with the screen fixed.
[0015] Another technical solution that can be selected is to use cable ties to fix the screen and the outer frame.
[0016] Another preferred technical solution is that the time for scraping the feces on the screen with the scraper is 22:30 the next day.
[0017] Another preferred technical solution is that the method of removing seawater from the collected feces by centrifugation is as follows:
[0018] The collected feces were placed in a 50 ml centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 2000 rpm for at least 30 min.
[0019] Another preferred technical solution is that the feces from which the seawater has been removed by centrifugation are dried and sealed for storage as follows:
[0020] The centrifuged feces were dried at 60°C for 12 h and sealed and stored at 4°C.
[0021] The preferred technical solution also comprises the steps of raising abalone in an abalone frame, feeding the test feed between 22:00 and 23:00 on the first day, and collecting the remaining bait and cleaning the dead abalone after at least 6 hours, comprising:
[0022] Abalones were raised in at least two abalone frames and fed with experimental feeds from 22:00 to 23:00 on the first day. After at least 6 hours, abalones in a frame with better vitality and no dead abalone were selected for the experiment, and the remaining baits were collected afterwards.
[0023] The preferred technical solution is that after scraping the feces on the screen with a scraper at 22:00-23:00 on the second day, the following steps are also included:
[0024] The scraped sieve is cleaned with purified water, and the cleaned liquid is mixed with the scraped feces and centrifuged together to remove the seawater.
[0025] As another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an application of the above-mentioned abalone feces collection method in the study of the apparent digestibility of abalone for feeds with different protein sources.
[0026] The present invention has at least the following technical effects:
[0027] The method of the present invention can achieve that the H. discus henna can fully digest the feed, and the feces of the H. discus henna can be effectively collected through a 200-mesh screen; the centrifugal technology is used to effectively eliminate the influence of salt on the weight of feces. The method can be used to facilitate the study of the apparent digestibility of abalone to different protein source feeds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0029] Figure 1 This is a physical picture of the outer frame for binding a 200-mesh screen according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of a 200-mesh screen tied and fixed at the bottom in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 3-1 This is a picture of fresh, diffuse feces collected in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 3-2 is a formed stool image collected in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 4 is a diagram of using a scraper to scrape feces off a screen according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0034] Figure 5 is a state diagram of feces after drying according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0035] Figure 6 This is a picture of feces collected by a 100-mesh sieve in the comparative example of the present invention;
[0036] Figure 7 Figure 2. Feces collected by a 200-mesh sieve according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0038] As one aspect of the present invention, a method for collecting abalone feces is provided, comprising the following steps:
[0039] S1, raising abalone in an abalone frame, feeding the experimental feed at 22:30 on the first day, and collecting the remaining bait and cleaning the dead abalone at 4:30 on the second day;
[0040] S2, after determining that residual bait, dead abalone are cleaned up completely, selects the outer frame larger than the abalone frame size, and adopts cable tie to fix 200 mesh screens inside the outer frame, abalone frame is placed in the outer frame that fixes the screen, in order to collect abalone excrement;
[0041] S3, at 22:30 on the next day, use a scraper to scrape the feces on the sieve, put the collected feces into a 50 ml centrifuge tube, and centrifuge at a speed of 2000 rpm for 30 minutes to remove seawater;
[0042] S4, dry the centrifuged feces at 60℃ for 12h and seal it to store at 4℃.
[0043] Example:
[0044] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, a perforated outer frame with a smaller size than the abalone culture frame is selected, and a 200-mesh screen is fixed inside the outer frame with a tie. Figure 2 As shown, the 200-mesh screen is also fixed with a cable tie at the bottom of the outer frame to make the screen parallel to the bottom plane of the outer frame as much as possible.
[0045] Abalones were raised in abalone boxes, and the experimental feed was fed at 22:30 on the first day, and the leftover bait and dead abalone were cleaned up at 4:30 on the second day;
[0046] After making sure that the residual bait and dead abalone are completely cleaned up, place the abalone frame in the outer frame with a 200-mesh screen fixed to wait for the abalone to defecate and collect; Figure 3-1 As shown, it is fresh and diffuse feces, such as Figure 3-2 Shown is formed feces;
[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, at 22:30 the next day, a scraper was used to scrape the feces on the screen;
[0048] The collected feces were placed in a 50 ml centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 30 min to remove seawater;
[0049] The centrifuged feces were dried at 60℃ for 12h and sealed and stored at 4℃. Figure 5 Shown is the state of feces after drying.
[0050] Comparative Example:
[0051] Choose an outer frame with holes that are smaller than the abalone culture frame, and fix the 100-mesh screen with a tie inside the outer frame. Also use a tie to fix the 100-mesh screen at the bottom of the outer frame to make the screen parallel to the bottom plane of the outer frame as much as possible.
[0052] Abalones were raised in abalone boxes, and the experimental feed was fed at 22:30 on the first day, and the leftover bait and dead abalone were cleaned up at 4:30 on the second day;
[0053] After making sure that the residual bait and dead abalone are completely cleaned up, place the abalone frame in an outer frame with a 100-mesh screen fixed to wait for the abalone to defecate and collect; Figure 6 As shown, it is the feces collected by the 100-mesh sieve of the comparative example; Figure 7 As shown, it is the feces collected by the 200-mesh sieve in Example;
[0054] Obviously, the feces collected by the 200-mesh sieve are more complete. At the same time, after many tests, the mesh size of the sieve is higher than 200 mesh and no more feces will be collected. Therefore, the 200-mesh sieve is more suitable.
[0055] At 22:30 on the second day, use a scraper to scrape the feces off the sieve;
[0056] The collected feces were placed in a 50 ml centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 30 min to remove seawater;
[0057] The centrifuged feces were dried at 60°C for 12 h and sealed and stored at 4°C.
[0058] Through the control of the feeding time of the wrinkled abalone raised by the present invention, the selection of the screen, and the comprehensive technical solution of removing the influence of sea salt on the weight by centrifugal technology, it is convenient to study the apparent digestibility of abalone to different protein source feeds.
[0059] Specifically, the food intake of the wrinkled abalone can be obtained by subtracting the weight of the fed bait from the weight of the residual bait; the excretion weight can be obtained by collecting the dried feces, which is used to study the apparent digestibility of different protein sources.
[0060] A preferred embodiment also includes: raising abalones in an abalone frame, feeding the test feed between 22:00 and 23:00 on the first day, and collecting the remaining bait and cleaning the dead abalone after at least 6 hours, comprising:
[0061] Abalones were raised in at least two abalone frames and fed with experimental feeds from 22:00 to 23:00 on the first day. After at least 6 hours, abalones in a frame with better vitality and no dead abalone were selected for the experiment, and the remaining baits were collected afterwards.
[0062] After scraping the feces on the screen with a scraper at 22:00-23:00 on the second day, the following steps are also included:
[0063] The scraped sieve is cleaned with purified water, and the cleaned liquid is mixed with the scraped feces and centrifuged together to remove the seawater.
[0064] Through the above-mentioned preferred embodiment, the influence of dead abalone can be avoided and a more accurate feces weight can be collected.
[0065] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for collecting abalone feces, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Abalones were raised in abalone boxes and fed with experimental feeds from 22:00 to 23:00 on the first day, and leftover baits and dead abalones were collected at least 6 hours later; After ensuring that the residual bait and dead abalone are completely cleaned, a 200-mesh screen is placed outside the abalone frame to collect abalone feces; The next day, from 22:00 to 23:00, the feces on the screen were scraped off with a scraper, and the collected feces were centrifuged to remove the seawater; The feces from which the seawater is removed by centrifugation are dried and sealed for storage.
2. The method for collecting abalone feces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The time for feeding the experimental feed on the first day was 22:30, and the time for collecting the remaining bait and cleaning up the dead abalone was 4:30 on the second day.
3. The method for collecting abalone feces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of laying a 200-mesh screen on the outside of the abalone frame adopts the following steps: Choose an outer frame that is larger than the abalone frame, and fix a 200-mesh screen on the inside of the outer frame, and place the abalone frame into the outer frame with the screen fixed.
4. The method for collecting abalone feces according to claim 3, characterized in that: Use cable ties to fix the screen and outer frame.
5. The method for collecting abalone feces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The time for using the scraper to scrape the feces on the screen is selected at 22:30 the next day.
6. The method for collecting abalone feces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of removing seawater from the collected feces by centrifugation is as follows: The collected feces were placed in a 50 ml centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 2000 rpm for at least 30 min.
7. The method for collecting abalone feces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of drying and sealing the feces after centrifugation to remove seawater is as follows: The centrifuged feces were dried at 60°C for 12 h and sealed and stored at 4°C.
8. The method for collecting abalone feces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of raising abalone in an abalone frame, feeding the test feed between 22:00 and 23:00 on the first day, and collecting the remaining bait and cleaning the dead abalone at least 6 hours apart comprise: Abalones were raised in at least two abalone frames and fed with experimental feeds from 22:00 to 23:00 on the first day. After at least 6 hours, abalones in a frame with better vitality and no dead abalone were selected for the experiment, and the remaining baits were collected afterwards.
9. The method for collecting abalone feces according to claim 1, characterized in that: After scraping the feces on the screen with a scraper at 22:00-23:00 on the second day, the following steps are also included: The scraped sieve is cleaned with purified water, and the cleaned liquid is mixed with the scraped feces and centrifuged together to remove the seawater.
10. Use of the abalone feces collection method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the study of the apparent digestibility of abalone for feeds with different protein sources.