Four-jaw floating self-centering chuck

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool accessories and clamps, in particular to a four-claw floating self-centering chuck which comprises an upper shell, a moving block, a lower shell and a rotary button. The device is characterized in that the moving block and the upper shell are in sliding connection through a sliding groove, the moving block and the first driving assembly are in sliding connection through an inclined sliding groove, the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly are connected through a bolt, and the second driving assembly and the rotary button are connected through a screw. The second driving assembly is connected with the lower shell through a large bearing, the rotary button is in direct contact with the lower shell, the upper shell is connected with the lower shell in a welded mode, and the assembling threads are used for fixing the chuck. According to the self-centering clamping device, self-centering of a workpiece in two directions can be achieved, so that clamping of irregular objects is achieved, and clamping force is uniform, stable and not prone to loosening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The patent of this invention relates to the technical field of machine tool accessories and fixtures, specifically a four-jaw floating self-centering chuck. Background Art

[0002] In machining, a self-centering chuck is a fixture used to clamp workpieces. Its design feature is that all jaws can move synchronously during operation, so that the workpiece can be automatically centered. Currently, the self-centering chucks on the market are mainly three-jaw chucks, which use a coiled wire structure to achieve self-centering. Traditional self-centering chucks can often only clamp parts with regular shapes, and it is difficult to achieve effective clamping and precise centering for parts with irregular shapes. When processing thin-walled parts, traditional chucks may deform the thin-walled parts, which limits the accuracy and flexibility of processing. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the patent of this invention is to disclose a four-jaw floating self-centering chuck to address the problem that existing self-centering chucks cannot self-center when clamping irregular objects. The chuck can effectively clamp irregular parts and accurately self-center them. It has uniform clamping force on parts, is suitable for thin-walled parts, is stable and not easy to loosen, ensures high precision of parts, improves the accuracy and flexibility of machine tool processing, and expands the application field of machine tool processing.

[0004] Its technical solution: a four-jaw floating self-centering chuck, comprising: an upper shell, a moving block, a lower shell and a rotating button; characterized in that: the moving block and the upper shell are slidably connected through a sliding groove, the moving block and drive component one are slidably connected through an inclined sliding groove, the drive component one and drive component two are connected through bolts, the drive component two and the rotating button are connected through screws, the drive component two and the lower shell are connected through a large bearing, the rotating button is in direct contact with the lower shell, and the upper shell and the lower shell are connected by welding.

[0005] In the improved scheme, there are four moving blocks, four clamping blocks, and four fasteners; the moving blocks and the clamping blocks are connected by a fastening block, the fastening block has two threaded holes, the clamping block and the fastening block are connected by bolts, the fastening block and the moving block are slidably connected by a slot, the clamping block has an anti-slip groove on the surface of the clamped workpiece, the clamping block and the moving block have a clamping block groove for anti-slip at the contact point between the clamping block and the moving block, the moving block and the clamping block have a moving block groove for anti-slip at the contact point between the moving block and the moving block, the moving block has an inclined moving block groove at the contact point between the moving block and the driving component, and there are six assembly threads in total, and the assembly threads can fix the outside and the chuck as a whole.

[0006] The transmission gear of the present invention is a kind of gear shifting device, and the gear of the transmission gear is a kind of gear shifting device, and the gear of the transmission gear is a kind of gear shifting device.

[0007] In the improved scheme, the drive component 2 includes: an upper flange, an upper straight bevel gear, a lower flange, a lower straight bevel gear, a small straight bevel gear, a worm gear and a worm; the upper flange has four evenly distributed upper flange holes on the shaft, and the upper flange has four evenly distributed upper flange threaded holes for connecting the straight bevel gears, the upper flange and the upper straight bevel gear are connected by bolts, the lower flange has four evenly distributed lower flange holes on the shaft, and the lower flange has four evenly distributed lower flange threaded holes for connecting the straight bevel gears, the lower flange and the lower straight bevel gear are connected by bolts, there are two small straight bevel gears, the small straight bevel gears are connected to the worm gear through a fastening device, the small straight bevel gear is meshed with the upper straight bevel gear and the lower straight bevel gear gears, the worm gear and the worm are connected through a worm gear and worm, and the worm is connected to the lower part of the outer shell through a boss.

[0008] In the improved solution, the fastening device includes: a small spur bevel gear, a rolling bearing and a retaining ring; the small spur bevel gear and the rolling bearing are connected via a stepped shaft, and the retaining ring is clamped on the shaft of the small spur bevel gear.

[0009] The technical effects achieved by the patent of this invention are as follows: 1. Through the asynchronous movement of two adjacent jaws and the synchronous movement of two relative jaws, self-centering in two directions can be completed, so as to facilitate the stable clamping of irregularly shaped workpieces and improve the processing accuracy.

[0010] 2. When the two opposite jaws are in contact with the workpiece, this set of jaws can automatically stop moving, and the other set of jaws that are not in contact with the workpiece will accelerate, so that the clamping action can be completed faster, thereby improving the efficiency of machining.

[0011] 3. When clamping thin-walled parts, after the two opposite jaws have contacted the thin-walled parts, this set of jaws can stop moving to protect the thin-walled parts from being damaged during clamping. At the same time, the four-jaw structure is evenly stressed, which reduces the damage rate of thin-walled parts during processing and increases the application range of machine tool processing.

[0012] 4. When both sets of jaws have completed clamping, the rotary button cannot be rotated, and the chuck automatically locks the current clamping position, so that the chuck will not loosen when the workpiece is being processed, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the machine tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is the structure and schematic diagram of the patent of this invention;

[0014] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism;

[0015] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive component one;

[0016] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive component 2;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the upper flange structure;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a front cross-sectional view of the patent of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a small straight bevel gear;

[0020] Figure 8 It is a side sectional view of the patent of the present invention;

[0021] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of two rack blocks;

[0022] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motion block;

[0023] Fig.11 It is a connection diagram of the motion block and part of the drive assembly one;

[0024] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the slide bar and the drive assembly 1 in the upper housing.

[0025] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower flange;

[0026] Description of reference numerals: 1. Upper housing; 2. Clamping block; 3. Upper gear; 4. Lower gear; 5. Moving block; 6. Upper rack; 7. Slide bar; 8. Lower rack; 9. Upper straight bevel gear; 10. Small straight bevel gear; 11. Lower straight bevel gear; 12. Worm gear; 13. Worm; 14. Rotating button; 15. Lower housing; 16. Fastening block; 17. Upper flange; 18. Lower flange; 19. Ball bearing; 20. Snap ring; 21. Small snap ring; 22. Large bearing; 351. Assembly thread; 211. Sliding groove; 2 22. Clamping block groove; 252. Moving block groove; 251. Moving block inclined groove; 253. Clamping block groove; 261. Upper rack inclined groove; 281. Lower rack inclined groove; 241. Lower gear threaded hole; 231. Upper gear threaded hole; 381. Lower flange threaded hole; 382. Lower flange hole; 371. Upper flange threaded hole; 372. Upper flange hole; 351. Lower housing boss; 321. Worm gear boss; 361. Fastener boss; 282. Lower rack spur teeth; 262. Upper rack spur teeth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is a detailed description of the patent scheme of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0028] The following describes the present invention and its implementation methods. This description is not restrictive and the actual implementation methods are not limited to this. In short, if ordinary technicians in this field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can creatively design structural methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution, which should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, as an embodiment of the patent of the present invention, a four-jaw floating self-centering chuck is disclosed, which can be applied in the field of machine tool accessories and fixture technology.

[0030] like Figure 6 As shown, the worm wheel 12 is connected to the lower housing 15 through the large bearing 22. When the lower housing 15 is fixed, the worm wheel 12 can rotate around the central axis of the bearing. The worm 13 is supported by the boss 351 of the lower housing so that it can be stably fixed at the designated position of the boss 351 of the lower housing 15, and the worm 13 can rotate around its center. Figure 4 As shown, two screws are used to fix two rotating buttons 14 at both ends of the worm 13 respectively, and the worm 13 and the worm wheel 12 are meshed with each other. When we turn the rotating button 14, the rotating button 14 drives the worm 13 to rotate, and the worm 13 drives the worm wheel 12 to rotate.

[0031] like Figure 4When the worm wheel 12 rotates around its central axis, the worm wheel boss 321 will also rotate around the central axis of the worm wheel, thereby driving the small straight bevel gear 10 to make a circular motion around the central axis of the worm wheel 12. When the forces resisting the rotation of the upper straight bevel gear 9 and the lower straight bevel gear 11 are equal and not large, the rotation of the two small straight bevel gears 10 around the central axis of the worm wheel 12 will drive the upper straight bevel gear 9 and the lower straight bevel gear 11 to rotate, and at this time, the small straight bevel gear 10 itself will not rotate. Because the upper flange 17 and the upper straight bevel gear 9 are fixed by bolts, and the lower flange 18 and the lower straight bevel gear 11 are fixed by bolts, the rotation of the upper straight bevel gear 9 around its central axis will drive the upper flange 17 to rotate around the central axis of the worm wheel 12, and the rotation of the lower straight bevel gear 11 around its central axis will drive the lower flange 18 to rotate around the central axis of the worm wheel 12.

[0032] like Figure 4 , assuming that the upper straight bevel gear 9 is subjected to a force that prevents it from rotating around the central axis, and the lower straight bevel gear 11 is not subjected to a force that prevents it from rotating around its central axis. When the worm wheel 12 rotates around its central axis, the worm gear boss 321 will still drive the two small straight bevel gears 10 to rotate around the central axis of the worm wheel 12. At this time, the two small straight bevel gears 10 will rotate relative to their own central axes, which can drive the lower straight bevel gear 11 to continue to rotate around its central axis, thereby driving the lower flange to rotate around its center, and the angular velocity of the movement is greater than the angular velocity of their movement together. Conversely, when the lower straight bevel gear 11 cannot rotate around its central axis, the upper straight bevel gear 9 will continue to move around its central axis, thereby driving the upper flange to continue to rotate around its central axis. When both cannot move, the worm wheel 12 cannot rotate either, so that the worm 13 cannot rotate. By utilizing the principle of the differential, the upper spur bevel gear 9 and the lower spur bevel gear 11 can rotate synchronously, and the stopping of one gear can be achieved without affecting the rotation of the other gear.

[0033] like Figure 3 , the upper gear 3 and the lower gear 4 are independent of each other, and the upper rack 6 and the lower rack 8 are two types of racks. Fig. 9 As shown, Fig. 9 (a) is the lower rack 8, the lower rack straight teeth 282 of which are far away from the lower rack inclined groove 281. Fig. 9 (b) is the upper rack 6, where the upper rack straight teeth 262 are closer to the upper rack inclined groove 261. Figure 3As shown, the upper gear 3 is meshed with the two upper racks 6, and the lower gear 4 is meshed with the two lower racks 8. The opposite racks are the same racks, and the adjacent racks are different racks. When the upper gear 3 rotates and the lower gear 4 does not rotate, the upper gear 3 will drive the two upper racks 6 to move. Because there is a slide bar 7 in the middle of the upper rack 6, the upper rack 6 will slide along the slide bar 7. The two lower racks 8 will not slide because the meshed gears do not rotate. Similarly, when the lower gear 4 rotates and the upper gear 3 does not rotate, the lower gear 4 will drive the two lower racks 8 to slide along the slide bar 7. When the two gears move at the same time, they can control the two corresponding racks respectively.

[0034] like Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , a moving block inclined slot 251 is provided below the moving block 5, an upper rack inclined slot 261 is provided on the upper rack 6, and a lower rack inclined slot 281 is provided on the lower rack 8. Figure 6 and Figure 8 Since the moving block 5 is in the sliding groove 211, its movement direction can only be close to the center of the circle or away from the center of the circle. Fig.12 The slide bar 7 is fixed at both ends by two small retaining rings 21 and connected to the upper housing 1. Fig.11 , is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the upper gear 3, the upper rack 6 and the motion block 5. The motion block 5 is placed on the upper rack 6, and the motion block inclined groove 251 and the upper rack inclined groove 261 are placed perpendicularly to each other. Since they are both inclined grooves, when the upper rack 6 moves, the motion block 5 can slide with the upper rack 6, and the sliding directions are perpendicular to each other. When the upper gear 3 rotates, the upper rack 6 will move smoothly on the slide bar 7, and then the upper rack inclined groove 261 on the upper rack 6 and the motion block inclined groove 251 on the motion block 5 can convert the smooth movement of the upper rack 6 into a linear motion of the motion block 5 approaching and moving away from the center of the circle.

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the clamping block 2 is connected to the fastener 16 by bolts, and the fastener boss 361 of the fastener 16 contacts and cooperates with the slot 253 of the moving block 5. As the bolts are tightened, the fastener 16 and the clamping block 2 will generate a force that approaches each other, and the force that approaches each other will be converted into a pressure of the fastener boss 361 on the moving block 5 through the fastener boss 361, so that the moving block 5 and the fastener 16 are fixed together, thereby fixing the clamping block 2, the fastener 16 and the moving block 5 together. The moving block 5 is provided with a moving block groove 252 and the clamping block 2 is provided with a clamping block groove 222, which can increase the contact area of ​​the two parts and prevent the two parts from slipping.

[0036] like Figure 6 , Figure 5 and Fig.13As shown, the bolts are connected through the four lower flange holes 382 and the four upper gear threaded holes 231 respectively, thereby fixing the lower flange 18 and the upper gear 3, and the threads are connected through the four upper flange holes 372 and the four lower gear threaded holes 241 respectively, thereby fixing the upper flange 17 and the lower gear 4.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, by turning the rotation button 14, the rotation button 14 drives the worm 13 to rotate, and the worm 13 can drive the worm gear 12 to rotate around its central axis, and the worm gear boss 321 on the worm gear 12 drives the small straight bevel gear 10 to rotate around the center of the worm gear 12, thereby driving the upper straight bevel gear 9 and the lower straight bevel gear 11 to rotate around the central axis of the worm gear 12. The upper straight bevel gear 9 and the lower straight bevel gear 11 can respectively drive the upper flange 17 and the lower flange 18 to rotate around the central axis of the worm gear 12; Figure 6 , the upper flange 17 and the lower flange 18 are fixedly connected to the lower gear 4 and the upper gear 3 respectively, and the rotation of the upper flange 17 and the lower flange 18 can drive the lower gear 4 and the upper gear 3 to rotate; Figure 3 , the lower gear 4 and the two lower racks 8 are connected by a gear rack, and the rotation of the lower gear 4 enables the two lower racks 8 to slide along the slide bar 7, and the upper gear 3 and the two upper racks 6 are connected by a gear rack, and the rotation of the upper gear 3 enables the two upper racks 6 to slide along the slide bar 7; Fig.11 , which is a set of motion relations of the upper gear 3. The sliding of the upper rack 6 along the slide bar 7 can be converted into the linear motion of the motion block 5 approaching and moving away from the center of the circle. By analogy, the motion relations of the other three sets of motion blocks can be deduced; Figure 2 , the moving block 5 and the clamping block 2 are fixed by fasteners 16 and bolts, and the moving block 5 can drive the movement of the clamping block 2; Figure 1 The linear motion of the four moving blocks 5 approaching and moving away from the center of the circle can be converted into the clamping and releasing motion of the clamping block 2.

[0038] The present invention realizes the clamping and loosening of the clamping member 2 by rotating the rotary button 14. When clamping the workpiece, the rotary button 14 is rotated, and the four clamping blocks 2 clamp the workpiece toward the center of the chuck at the same time. When the relative set of clamping blocks 2 are in contact with the workpiece, the center of the workpiece in this direction is already in the center of the chuck, and the self-centering operation in one direction is successfully completed. Continue to rotate the rotary button 14, the set of clamping blocks 2 that are in contact with the workpiece cannot continue to move, and the other set of clamping blocks 2 that are not in contact with the workpiece on both sides can continue to move until both clamping blocks 2 are in contact with the workpiece. At this time, the center of the workpiece in this direction is in the center of the chuck, and the self-centering operation of the workpiece in this direction is achieved. When both sets of clamping blocks 2 are completely in contact with the workpiece, the rotary button 14 cannot be rotated further, thereby achieving the self-centering operation in two directions. Since the present invention uses the worm wheel 12 and the worm 13 as the power source, it can be self-locked through the worm wheel and worm, ensuring the stability of clamping.

Claims

1. A four-jaw floating self-centering chuck, comprising: An upper housing (1), a moving block (5), a lower housing (15) and a rotating button (14); characterized in that the moving block (5) and the upper housing (1) are slidably connected via a sliding groove (211), the moving block (5) and a driving component 1 are slidably connected via an inclined sliding groove (251), the driving component 1 and the driving component 2 are connected via bolts, the driving component 2 and the rotating button (14) are connected via screws, the driving component 2 and the lower housing (15) are connected via a large bearing (22), the rotating button (14) and the lower housing (15) are in direct contact, and the upper housing (1) and the lower housing (15) are connected via welding.

2. A four-jaw floating self-centering chuck as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: There are four moving blocks (5), four clamping blocks (2), and four fasteners (16); the moving block (5) and the clamping block (2) are connected via the fastening block (16); the fastening block (16) has two threaded holes; the clamping block (2) and the fastening block (16) are connected via bolts; the fastening block (16) and the moving block (5) are slidably connected via a slot (253); the clamping block (2) has an anti-slip groove (221) on the surface of the clamped workpiece; A clamping block fine groove (222) for preventing slipping is formed at the contact point between the clamping block (2) and the moving block (5); a moving block fine groove (252) for preventing slipping is formed at the contact point between the moving block (5) and the clamping block (2); a moving block oblique groove (251) is formed at the contact point between the moving block (5) and the driving component; and there are a total of 6 assembly threads (351), and the assembly threads (351) can fix the exterior and the chuck as a whole together.

3. A four-jaw floating self-centering chuck as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly 1 comprises: a lower rack (8), an upper rack (6), a slide bar (7), an upper gear (3), and a lower gear (4); the lower rack (8) has two, the upper rack (6) has two, and the slide bar (7) has four; the slide bar (7) penetrates the lower rack (8) for sliding connection, the slide bar (7) penetrates the upper rack (6) for sliding connection, the slide bar (7) and the upper housing (1) are fixed by a small retaining ring (21), the lower rack (8) and the lower gear (4) are connected by gear rack matching, the upper rack (6) and the upper gear ( 3) connected by gear racks, the upper rack (6) and the lower rack (8) are both slidably connected to the upper housing (1), the upper gear (3) has four evenly distributed upper gear threaded holes (231) for mounting bolts on the shaft, the lower gear (4) has four evenly distributed lower gear threaded holes (241) for mounting bolts on the shaft, the upper rack (6) has an upper rack inclined groove (261) for sliding with the moving block (5), and the lower rack (8) has a lower rack inclined groove (281) for sliding with the moving block (5).

4. A four-jaw floating self-centering chuck as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The second driving assembly comprises: an upper flange (17), an upper straight bevel gear (9), a lower flange (18), a lower straight bevel gear (11), a small straight bevel gear (10), a worm gear (12) and a worm (13); the upper flange (17) has four evenly distributed upper flange holes (372) on the shaft, the upper flange (17) has four evenly distributed upper flange threaded holes (371) for connecting the straight bevel gears, the upper flange (17) and the upper straight bevel gear (9) are connected by bolts, the lower flange (18) has four evenly distributed lower flange holes (382) on the shaft, The lower flange (18) is provided with four lower flange threaded holes (381) for connecting the straight bevel gear, which are evenly distributed. The lower flange (18) and the lower straight bevel gear (11) are connected by bolts. There are two small straight bevel gears (10). The small straight bevel gears (10) are connected to the worm gear (12) by a fastening device. The small straight bevel gear (10) is meshed with the upper straight bevel gear (9) and the lower straight bevel gear (11). The worm gear (12) and the worm (13) are connected by a worm gear. The worm (13) is connected to the lower housing (15) by a boss (351).

5. A four-jaw floating self-centering chuck as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The fastening device comprises: a small spur bevel gear (10), a rolling bearing (19) and a retaining ring (20); the small spur bevel gear (10) and the rolling bearing (19) are connected via a stepped shaft, and the retaining ring (20) is clamped on the shaft of the small spur bevel gear (10).

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