Barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings as well as preparation method and application of barren soil improvement material

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of barren farming soil improvement, in particular to a barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings and a preparation method and application of the barren soil improvement material. 1-20 parts of an organic material; 1-10 parts of an adsorbent; 18-60 parts of a proper amount of barren farming loam; the flotation phosphate tailings are collophanite flotation tailings; according to the present invention, the fertilizer efficiency of the phosphate tailing resource and the improvement of the barren soil are achieved, the remaining useful elements such as Ca, Mg, P and the like in the phosphate tailings can be completely utilized, the problem that the barren soil, the acid soil, the hardened soil and the like are generally lack of fertility nutrient elements is improved, the diversified utilization of the phosphorus resource can be achieved, the production cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is increased. The process technology is simple and easy to operate and execute, water retention and fertilizer retention of soil can be improved after improvement, and healthy growth of plants is promoted while soil nutrient elements are improved really.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural soil improvement, and in particular to a barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing attention paid to environmental protection and sustainable development around the world, soil improvement has become one of the key areas for ecological restoration and sustainable agricultural development. Among the many soil improvement methods, the use of specific materials for soil improvement has important practical significance. As a common type of industrial solid waste associated resource, the rational use of phosphate tailings has great value for resource recycling and environmental protection. In this context, the preparation method and application research of soil improvement materials based on flotation phosphate tailings came into being.

[0003] Flotation phosphate tailings refer to a type of industrial solid waste associated resources produced by mineral processing enterprises after the concentrate is selected by flotation technology during the phosphorus chemical production process. In addition, the construction of new tailings ponds is not recommended in the future. At present, no effective method has been found for the treatment and utilization of phosphate tailings, resulting in an increasingly large amount of phosphate tailings accumulation. According to statistics, the utilization rate of phosphate tailings in my country is only about 10%, and most of the phosphate tailings are still stored in tailings ponds. The stacking of phosphate tailings not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also causes certain problems such as air pollution, soil pollution, and water pollution. It also causes the loss of a large amount of useful elements in the phosphate tailings. However, phosphate tailings contain a certain amount of nutrients and trace elements such as phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium. After a lot of research by R&D personnel, it was found that the main components of the flotation phosphate tailings base (i.e., the flotation tailings of colloidal phosphorite) are P2O5

[0004] 3~15%, CaO 25~40%, MgO 6~25%, SiO23~15%. If they can be used reasonably, they will provide potential resource value for soil improvement.

[0005] According to national standards, the value of soil improvement is as follows--1. Improve soil fertility: With the high-intensity development of agriculture and unreasonable fertilization methods, many soils have experienced a decline in fertility, manifested in reduced soil organic matter content, nutrient imbalance, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to find effective soil improvement materials to improve soil fertility and promote crop growth. 2. Improve soil structure: Irrational land use and excessive tillage have led to the destruction of soil structure, and problems such as soil compaction, poor aeration, poor water retention and fertilizer retention have become increasingly prominent. Improving soil structure is essential to improving the soil's water retention capacity, aeration and root growth environment. 3. Repair polluted soil: Industrial pollution, excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers and other factors have led to serious soil pollution problems. Finding soil improvement materials that can adsorb and fix pollutants and reduce the risk of soil pollution has become a top priority.

[0006] In summary, a barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings and its preparation method and application research have important practical significance and broad development prospects. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings, and its preparation method and application. It solves the common problems of acidification, soil compaction, salinization, barrenness, and low water retention capacity in agricultural soils, and at the same time, solves environmental problems such as large tailings stockpiles and dust generated during transportation, further solves soil problems such as soil acidification, compaction, and salinization, and actively promotes the steady development of the phosphate tailings industry chain.

[0008] The scheme of the present invention is:

[0009] A barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0010]

[0011] The flotation phosphate tailings are based on collophanite flotation tailings, and the collophanite flotation tailings effectively become P2O53~

[0012] 15%, CaO 25~40%, MgO 6~25%, SiO2 3~15%.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the water content of the flotation phosphate tailings base is 13-20%.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the organic material is an organic fertilizer with an organic matter content of ≥20%.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the adsorbent material is one or both of biochar and organic carbon.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the agricultural loam is problematic soil that has a phenomenon that affects crop growth; the agricultural loam is air-dried, ground, and sieved through a 10-mesh sieve.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the crop loam is: poor soil, acidic soil, compacted soil and problematic soil with continuous cropping obstacles.

[0018] The present invention also discloses a method for preparing a barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0019] 1) Weigh 10 to 80 parts by weight of a flotation phosphate tailings base, 1 to 20 parts by weight of an organic material, and 1 to 10 parts by weight of an adsorbent;

[0020] 2) Problem soil that affects crop growth, agricultural loam that has been air-dried, ground, and sieved through a 10-mesh sieve, weighing 18 to 60 parts by weight of the agricultural loam;

[0021] 3) Mixing the flotation phosphate tailings base, organic materials, adsorbents and agricultural loam to obtain a barren soil improvement material based on the flotation phosphate tailings, with a water content of 7-20%.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution, in 1), 30 parts by weight of flotation phosphate tailings base, 7 parts by weight of organic materials, and 1 part by weight of adsorbent are weighed; in 2), 20 parts by weight of agricultural loam are weighed.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution, in 1), 50 parts by weight of flotation phosphate tailings base, 5 parts by weight of organic material, and 3 parts by weight of adsorbent are weighed; in 2), 40 parts by weight of agricultural loam are weighed.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution, in 1), 70 parts by weight of flotation phosphate tailings base, 9 parts by weight of organic materials, and 5 parts by weight of adsorbent are weighed; in 2), 60 parts by weight of agricultural loam are weighed.

[0025] The invention also discloses an application of a barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings in plant planting.

[0026] The plant planting includes potted planting and in-situ poor soil planting.

[0027] The potted planting is carried out according to the bulk density of the test pot, and the impoverished soil improvement material based on the flotation phosphate tailings is added in an appropriate amount, and the pioneer crops or economic crops among the horticultural crops and garden plants are selected to carry out the potted planting application test. If there are scale lines on the edge of the test pot, the soil improvement material can also be added to the scale lines for standby use.

[0028] The test pots are used as lettuce, peppers, peas, tomatoes, etc. in the planting test.

[0029] The soil planting is for improving fields or improving large-scale problematic soils; when carrying out the soil planting, the land to be planted is the crop loam, and the application amount of the improved material made of the flotation phosphate tailings base, organic materials and adsorbent in the soil improvement material based on the flotation phosphate tailings base is 20 to 300 kg / mu.

[0030] As a preferred technical solution, the method for using the barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings includes spreading and tilling, tillage mixing and crop planting base fertilizer application;

[0031] Spreading and tilling is to spread the poor soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings on the soil surface and deeply till the soil during planting;

[0032] The tillage mixing is to fully mix the barren soil improvement material based on the flotation phosphate tailings with the tillage layer soil;

[0033] The application methods include: circular application, radial application, strip application, and acupoint application.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. Rich resources. As a type of industrial solid waste, phosphate tailings have a wide range of sources and huge quantities, which can provide sufficient raw materials for soil improvement.

[0036] 2. Low cost. Using phosphate tailings to prepare soil improvement materials can reduce production costs and reduce dependence on other expensive raw materials.

[0037] 3. Rich in nutrients: Phosphorus tailings contain a certain amount of nutrients and trace elements such as phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, etc., which can provide nutrients for the soil and promote crop growth.

[0038] 4. Can improve soil structure: Through reasonable preparation methods, phosphate tailings-based soil improvement materials can make problematic soils have good adsorption properties and water and fertilizer retention properties. They can also provide soil nutrients, improve soil structure, and increase soil air permeability and water permeability.

[0039] 5. Carry out soil improvement research for problems such as poor soil, acidic soil, compacted soil and continuous cropping obstacles. In order to further solve the problems existing in the soil, select the problematic soil and further add specific materials for blending, with flotation phosphate tailings as the main raw material, supplemented by organic materials: organic fertilizer and biochar. The above materials are weighed in specific amounts according to a specific formula and evenly mixed, and after planting and cultivation, the effect of nutrient release and soil improvement is achieved.

[0040] 6. The fertilizer effect and soil improvement of phosphorus tailings resources are realized, and the remaining useful elements such as P, Ca, Mg in the phosphorus tailings can be fully utilized, and the common problem of lack of elements in acidic soil, compacted soil, barren soil, etc. is improved. The present invention can not only realize the diversified utilization of phosphorus resources and reduce production costs, but also has simple process technology and easy operation and execution, and can also improve the water and fertilizer retention of the soil, truly achieving the improvement of soil structure while promoting the healthy growth of plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the test preparation steps of Example 7 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is an operation diagram of crushing bulk materials in the test of Example 7 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3This is a sample preparation diagram for material screening required for the test of Example 7 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a potted plant planting test diagram of Example 7 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a diagram of a lettuce planting test according to Example 7 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a pea planting test diagram of Example 7 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a tomato planting test diagram of Example 7 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a pepper planting soil map according to Example 7 of the present invention;

[0049] Fig. 9 The planting soil map of Example 7 of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.10 This is the mixed planting soil map of Example 7 of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.11 This is the soil map of the agricultural improvement test of Example 7 of the present invention.

[0052] Fig.12 This is a comparison diagram of the lettuce pot plant according to Example 7 of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.13 This is a comparison diagram of pea potted plants according to Example 7 of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.14 This is a comparison diagram of potted tomatoes according to Example 7 of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.15 This is a comparison diagram of pepper potted plants according to Example 7 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] 5 parts by weight of flotation phosphate tailings base, 2 parts by weight of organic fertilizer and 8 parts by weight of biochar, 85 parts by weight of problematic soil for farming, prepare the above materials according to the formula ratio. Mix the above materials evenly and bag the mixture for later use. Put 4 kg of the compound materials into the test pot. On the same day, plant the cultivated tomato, pepper, lettuce, and pea seeds / seedlings directly into the test pot. Water the roots with a certain amount of water for the first time, and then water the certain amount of water regularly for 2 / 3 days. Collect the lettuce samples after 45 days; collect the tomato, pepper, and pea samples after 100 days. In the absence of fertilizer, the growth of the seedlings is not obvious.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] 5 parts by weight of flotation phosphate tailings base, 8 parts by weight of organic fertilizer and 2 parts by weight of biochar, 85 parts by weight of problematic soil for farming, prepare the above materials according to the formula ratio. Mix the above materials evenly and bag the mixture for later use. Put 4 kg of the compound materials into the test pot. On the same day, plant the cultivated tomato seedlings, pepper seedlings, lettuce seedlings, and pea seeds / seedlings directly into the test pot. Water the roots with a fixed amount of water for the first time, and then water the fixed amount of water regularly for 2 / 3 days. Collect the lettuce samples after 45 days; collect the tomato, pepper, and pea samples after 100 days. In the absence of fertilizer, the growth of the seedlings is average.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] 10 parts by weight of flotation phosphate tailings base, 1 part by weight of organic fertilizer and 8 parts by weight of biochar, 80 parts by weight of problematic soil for farming, prepare the above materials according to the formula ratio. Mix the above materials evenly and bag the mixture for later use. Put 4 kg of the compound materials into the test pot. On the same day, plant the cultivated tomato, pepper, lettuce, and pea seeds / seedlings directly into the test pot. Water the roots with a certain amount of water for the first time, and then water the certain amount of water regularly for 2 / 3 days. Collect the lettuce samples after 45 days; collect the tomato, pepper, and pea samples after 100 days. The growth of the seedlings is slightly better without fertilizer.

[0063] Example 4

[0064] 10 parts by weight of flotation phosphate tailings base, 8 parts by weight of organic fertilizer and 2 parts by weight of biochar, 80 parts by weight of problematic soil for farming, prepare the above materials according to the formula ratio. Mix the above materials evenly and bag the mixture for later use. Put 4 kg of the compound materials into the test pot. On the same day, plant the cultivated tomato, pepper, lettuce, and pea seeds / seedlings directly into the test pot. Water the roots with a certain amount of water for the first time, and then water the certain amount of water regularly for 2 / 3 days. Collect the lettuce samples after 45 days; collect the tomato, pepper, and pea samples after 100 days. The seedlings grow well without fertilizer.

[0065] Example 5

[0066] 80 parts by weight of flotation phosphate tailings base, 8 parts by weight of organic fertilizer and 2 parts by weight of biochar, 20 parts by weight of problematic soil for farming, prepare the above materials according to the formula ratio. Mix the above materials evenly and bag the mixture for later use. Put 4 kg of the compound materials into the test pot. On the same day, plant the cultivated tomato, pepper, lettuce, and pea seeds / seedlings directly into the test pot. Water the roots with a fixed amount of water for the first time, and then water the fixed amount of water regularly for 2 / 3 days. Collect the lettuce samples after 45 days; collect the tomato, pepper, and pea samples after 100 days. In the absence of fertilizer, the growth of the seedlings is not ideal, and the number of fruits is small.

[0067] Example 6

[0068] 80 parts by weight of flotation phosphate tailings base, 2 parts by weight of organic fertilizer and 8 parts by weight of biochar, 10 parts by weight of problematic soil for farming, prepare the above materials according to the formula ratio. Mix the above materials evenly and bag the mixture for later use. Put 4 kg of the compound materials into the test pot. On the same day, plant the cultivated tomato, pepper, lettuce, and pea seeds / seedlings directly into the test pot. Water the roots with a fixed amount of water for the first time, and then water the fixed amount of water regularly for 2 / 3 days. Collect the lettuce samples after 45 days; collect the tomato, pepper, and pea samples after 100 days. In the absence of fertilizer, the growth of the seedlings is poor, and the number of fruits is very small.

[0069] Example 7

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, taking the actual production example of the experiment as an illustration, the entire preparation method and application of soil improvement materials based on flotation phosphate tailings are carried out. The required materials include flotation phosphate tailings base, organic fertilizer, biochar, agricultural loam, flower pots, garden plant seedlings, horticultural crop seeds / seedlings, measuring cylinders, electronic scales, measuring cylinder containers, buckets, and sample bags.

[0071] 1) Material preparation

[0072] You need to prepare flotation phosphate tailings base, organic fertilizer, biochar, agricultural loam, flower pots, lettuce seedlings, tomato seedlings, pepper seedlings, pea seeds soaked in 40℃ warm water for 2h, 500ml measuring cylinder, electronic scale, weighing container, bucket, and sample bag.

[0073] 2) Raw material preparation for soil improvement materials based on flotation phosphate tailings

[0074] According to the experimental design of three formulas (Formula A / Formula B / Formula C), the following components were weighed respectively: the flotation phosphate tailings were crushed through a 10-mesh sieve and weighed (30 / 50 / 70%), the organic fertilizer was weighed according to a specific formula (5 / 7 / 9%), the biochar was weighed according to a specific formula (1 / 3 / 5%), and the agricultural soil was weighed according to a specific formula (20 / 40 / 60%). According to the experimental design, 1 control group treatment (ck), 3 formula treatments, and 4 planting crop treatments were set, each treatment was repeated 3 times, that is, 4*4*3=48 pots, and 12 pots were prepared for each formula treatment.

[0075] 3) A barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings, method 1: evenly mix the flotation phosphate tailings base, organic fertilizer, and biochar, i.e., compound the material, and then evenly mix it with the agricultural soil weighed according to a specific formula ratio, i.e., the soil improvement material prepared based on the flotation phosphate tailings base, and bag it for later use; method 2: evenly mix the flotation phosphate tailings base, organic fertilizer, biochar and agricultural soil, i.e., the soil improvement material prepared based on the flotation phosphate tailings base, and bag it for later use; and mark the formula number code on the sample bag.

[0076] 4) Add according to the actual demand. The materials of each formula in Formula A, Formula B and Formula C are prepared according to the amount of 3 pots * 4 treatments, that is, 12 pots of each formula are prepared, and the samples are packed in sample bags marked with the formula number for later use.

[0077] 5) Weigh 4 kg of the soil improvement material prepared based on flotation phosphate tailings successfully compounded by method 1 or method 2 and put it into a numbered test pot, place it in the designated test area, and set it aside.

[0078] 6) Experimental control group setting: for each treatment, 4 kg of agricultural loam / flotation phosphate tailings base was weighed according to the amount of 3*4=12 pots, directly placed into the numbered experimental pots, and placed in the designated experimental area for use.

[0079] 7) Lettuce seedlings, tomato seedlings, pepper seedlings and pea seeds that have been germinated were planted in three test pots with three formulas and two test pots with a control group. Three seedlings or seeds of the same type of crops were planted in each test pot. After planting, sufficient water was poured to allow the roots to take root. Two days later, regular and quantitative watering was started.

[0080] 8) Regularly follow up and monitor the seedlings. Collect fresh lettuce and soil samples after 50 days of cultivation, harvest fresh pea samples after 90 days, and harvest fresh tomato samples, fresh pepper samples, and fresh soil samples after 110 days.

[0081] 9) Information collection on agronomic traits monitoring of lettuce plants, as shown in Table 1; Figure 5 and Fig.12As shown, the following conclusions can be drawn from the descriptive statistics of the lettuce planting experiment: the average fresh weight is ranked as follows: Formula A>CK>Formula B>Formula C, the average fresh weight of the whole plant of Formula A is 331.44, and the average fresh weight of the whole plant of Control CK is 284.84; the average plant height is ranked as follows: Formula A>Formula C>Formula B>CK, the average of Formula A is 19.40, and the average of Formula C is 18.90; the average chlorophyll is ranked as follows: Formula A>Formula B>Formula C>CK, the average of Formula A is 30.63, and the average of Formula B is 29.17; In summary, Formula A has the best planting effect.

[0082] Table 1: Agronomic traits monitoring statistics of lettuce planting experiment

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Among them, CK1 / CK2 / CK3 are three pots of lettuce planted with CK formula, A-1 / A-2 / A-3 are three pots of lettuce planted with A formula, B-1 / B-2 / B-3 are three pots of lettuce planted with B formula, and C-1 / C-2 / C-3 are three pots of lettuce planted with C formula.

[0086] 10) Information collection on agronomic traits monitoring of pea plants, as shown in Table 2; Figure 6 and Fig.13 As shown in the figure, the following conclusions can be drawn from the statistical data of the pea planting experiment: the average fresh weight of the plants is ranked as follows: Formula A>Formula B>CK>Formula C, the average fresh weight of the plants of Formula A is 33.89, and the average fresh weight of the plants of Formula B is 30.20; the average dry weight of the plants is ranked as follows: Formula A>Formula B>Formula C>CK, the average of Formula A is 10.89, and the average of Formula B is 9.66; the average fresh weight of the pods is ranked as follows: Formula B>Formula A>CK>Formula C, the average of Formula B is 23.50, and the average of Formula C is 23.90. The mean of formula A is 22.35; the average pod dry weight is ranked as follows: formula A>formula B>CK>formula C, with formula A being 12.58 and formula B being 9.35; the average plant height is ranked as follows: formula B>formula A>formula C>CK, with the mean of formula B being 51.27 and the mean of formula A being 40.53; the average chlorophyll is ranked as follows: formula B>formula C>formula A>CK, with the mean of formula B being 49.40 and the mean of formula C being 48.50; in summary, formula A and formula B have better planting effects.

[0087] Table 2: Agronomic traits monitoring statistics of pea planting trials

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] Among them, CK1 / CK2 / CK3 are three pots of peas planted with CK formula, A-1 / A-2 / A-3 are three pots of peas planted with A formula, B-1 / B-2 / B-3 are three pots of peas planted with B formula, and C-1 / C-2 / C-3 are three pots of peas planted with C formula.

[0091] 11) Information collection on agronomic traits monitoring of tomato plants, as shown in Table 3; Figure 7 and Fig.14 As shown, the following conclusions can be drawn from the descriptive statistics of the tomato planting experiment: the average order of the number of results is: formula A>formula B>formula C>CK, the mean of formula A is 12.67, and the mean of formula B is 10.33; the average order of plant height is: formula A>CK>formula C>formula B, the mean of formula A is 68.53, and the mean of control CK is 63.37; the average order of stem diameter is: formula A>formula B>formula C>CK, the mean of formula A is 8.49, and the mean of formula B is 8.44; the average order of chlorophyll is: formula A>formula B>formula C>CK, the mean of formula A is 49.00, and the mean of formula B is 48.13; the average order of fresh weight is: formula A>CK>formula B>formula C, the mean of formula A is 416.67, and the mean of control group CK is 410.00. Formula A has better agronomic traits.

[0092] Table 3: Statistics of agronomic traits monitoring in tomato planting trials

[0093]

[0094] Among them, CK1 / CK2 / CK3 are three pots of tomatoes planted with CK formula, A-1 / A-2 / A-3 are three pots of tomatoes planted with A formula, B-1 / B-2 / B-3 are three pots of tomatoes planted with B formula, and C-1 / C-2 / C-3 are three pots of tomatoes planted with C formula.

[0095] 12) Information collection on agronomic traits monitoring of pepper plants, as shown in Table 4; Figure 8 and Fig.15As shown, the following conclusions can be drawn from the descriptive statistics of the pepper planting experiment: the average values ​​of the number of results are ranked as follows: Formula A>Formula B>CK>Formula C, with the mean of Formula A being 19.67 and the mean of Formula B being 13.33; the average values ​​of plant height are ranked as follows: Formula A>Formula B>CK>Formula C, with the mean of Formula A being 101.03 and the mean of Formula B being 98.37; the average values ​​of stem diameter are ranked as follows: Formula A>Formula B>CK>Formula C, with the mean of Formula A being 7.58 and the mean of Formula B being 7.21; the average values ​​of chlorophyll are ranked as follows: Formula B>Formula A>Formula C>CK, with the mean of Formula B being 50.97 and the mean of Formula A being 50.03; the average values ​​of fresh weight are ranked as follows: Formula A>Formula B>CK>Formula C, with the mean of Formula A being 426.67 and the mean of Formula B being 326.67; In summary, Formula A and Formula B are more suitable for pepper planting.

[0096] Table 4: Statistics of agronomic traits monitoring in pepper planting trials

[0097]

[0098] Among them, CK1 / CK2 / CK3 are three pots of peppers planted with CK formula, A-1 / A-2 / A-3 are three pots of peppers planted with A formula, B-1 / B-2 / B-3 are three pots of peppers planted with B formula, and C-1 / C-2 / C-3 are three pots of peppers planted with C formula.

[0099] 13) Table 5: Soil nutrient and pH value classification standard query table

[0100]

[0101] Table 6: Soil monitoring status of planting experiment

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] In the soil organic matter of this embodiment, the organic matter of formula treatment A is greater than 30, and the soil nutrient is high, which is level 1; the organic matter of formula treatment B is between 25-30, and the nutrient is relatively high, which is level 2; the organic matter of formula treatment C is between 20-25, and the soil nutrient is medium, which is level 3; the organic matter of CK is less than 10, and the nutrient is extremely low, which is level 6. As shown in the above table, the pH value of the control treatment group (ck) is the lowest, while the pH values ​​in the improvement results of formula treatment A, treatment B, and treatment C have increased. The pH results of the test soil are all between 6.5-7.5, showing neutrality, belonging to neutral soil. Therefore, the phosphorus tailings-based improvement material helps to improve the role of nutrients in acidic soils and poor soils.

[0105] In summary, the test results of formulations A, B, and C are better than those of CK. Therefore, the appropriate addition of phosphate tailings base is helpful for the improvement of problematic soils such as poor soil, acidic soil, and continuous cropping obstacles. When the addition amount is 30%-50%, it is more conducive to the improvement of problematic soils and can effectively promote crop growth, with good biological traits and high yields.

[0106] Although the present invention has been described in detail herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art may further create and innovate ideas based on this, and may modify these embodiments to design many other technical processes, combinations, formulations or other modifications and implementation methods, all of which will fall within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed in this application.

[0107] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: The flotation phosphate tailings are based on collophanite flotation tailings, and the collophanite flotation tailings effectively contain 3-15% of P2O, 25-40% of CaO, 6-25% of MgO, and 3-15% of SiO2.

2. The barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water content of the flotation phosphate tailings base is 13-20%.

3. The barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic material is an organic fertilizer with an organic matter content of ≥20%.

4. The barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorbent is one or both of biochar and organic charcoal.

5. The barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The agricultural loam is problematic soil that affects crop growth; the agricultural loam is air-dried, ground, and sieved through a 10-mesh sieve.

6. A method for preparing a barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Weigh 10 to 80 parts by weight of a flotation phosphate tailings base, 1 to 20 parts by weight of an organic material, and 1 to 10 parts by weight of an adsorbent material; 2) Problem soil that affects crop growth, agricultural loam that has been air-dried, ground, and sieved through a 10-mesh sieve, weighing 18 to 60 parts by weight of the agricultural loam; 3) Mixing the flotation phosphate tailings base, organic materials, adsorbent materials and agricultural loam to obtain a barren soil improvement material based on the flotation phosphate tailings, with a moisture content of 7-20%.

7. Use of a barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 in plant cultivation.

8. The barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plant planting includes potted planting and in-situ soil planting; The potted planting is carried out by adding an appropriate amount of the barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings according to the bulk density of the test pot, and selecting pioneer crops or economic crops among horticultural crops and garden plants to carry out planting application tests; The in-situ soil planting is for improving fields or improving a large range of poor soil problems; when carrying out the soil planting, the land to be planted is the poor crop loam, and the total addition amount of the flotation phosphate tailings base, organic materials and adsorbent materials is 20 to 300 kg / mu.

9. The barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method for using the barren soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings includes spreading and tilling, tillage mixing and crop planting base fertilizer application; Spreading and tilling is to spread the poor soil improvement material based on flotation phosphate tailings on the soil surface, and deeply till the soil during planting; The tillage mixing is to fully mix the barren soil improvement material based on the flotation phosphate tailings with the tillage layer soil; The application methods include: circular application, radial application, strip application, and acupoint application.

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