Fireproof and anti-condensation material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a fireproof and anti-condensation material which comprises a component A and a component B, the component A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of polyether polyol, 20-30 parts of polyester polyol, 0.1-0.5 part of a catalyst, 5-10 parts of a foaming agent, 1-5 parts of a foam stabilizer, 1-5 parts of a chain extension cross-linking agent and 10-25 parts of a flame retardant; the component B is isocyanate; the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 1: (0.8-1); the invention further provides a preparation method of the fireproof and anti-condensation material, the fireproof and anti-condensation material can be used after being prepared, the operation is simple, and the fireproof and anti-condensation effect is good. A foaming type fireproof and anti-condensation high polymer material can be utilized, so that the condensation phenomenon is reduced; through low-temperature curing, damage to internal elements or wires and cables of the box-type power equipment is avoided; and due to the high-magnification foaming effect, the consumption of materials can be reduced, so that an ideal effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of fireproof and anti-condensation materials, and in particular relates to a fireproof and anti-condensation material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Air is composed of dry air, water vapor and dust. The higher the temperature, the more water vapor the air can contain and the greater the saturated humidity. If the humidity remains unchanged, when the temperature drops to a certain value, the partial pressure of water vapor reaches the saturated pressure of the corresponding temperature, and the water vapor in the air reaches saturation. If the temperature drops further, water vapor will condense from the air to form dew droplets. This phenomenon is called "condensation".

[0003] In power operation, in common substation equipment such as ring network cabinets, box transformers, and cable branch boxes, when the ambient temperature rises, due to thermal inertia, the temperature of the equipment surface is lower than the internal ambient temperature. If the surface temperature of the equipment is relatively low, water vapor will condense on the surface to form dew drops, causing creepage and flashover accidents. In addition, the requirements for fire prevention in power work are getting higher and higher.

[0004] The commonly used anti-condensation fire prevention method in the prior art is to install a temperature and humidity controller or an intelligent dehumidification device in the power equipment, and use fireproof mud or other materials to block the gaps between the cables or pipelines and the power equipment. In view of the humid and rainy conditions in the south, the dehumidification effect of the temperature and humidity controller is poor, and it cannot solve the condensation problem at all. In addition, the dehumidification effect of the intelligent dehumidification device will be reduced due to long-term dehumidification work. The traditional fireproof mud is low in price, easy to solidify and crack, and has poor fixed sealing durability. It cannot effectively prevent the passage of flames, smoke, toxic gases, moisture, liquid water, and small animals. Once a fire occurs, flames, smoke, toxic gases, and toxic gases pass through holes and gaps, which will cause huge personal safety hazards; it has poor durability and requires frequent maintenance. Problems will occur in a short period of time and the sealing effect will be lost. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art mentioned above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fire-proof and anti-condensation material that can provide better sealing effect and reduce the occurrence of condensation; low-temperature curing can avoid damage to internal components or wires and cables of box-type power equipment; high-rate foaming effect can reduce material consumption, thereby achieving an ideal effect.

[0006] To achieve the above invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fireproof and anti-condensation material, comprising component A and component B; the component A is composed of the following raw materials by mass: 20 to 30 parts of polyether polyol, 20 to 30 parts of polyester polyol, 0.1 to 0.5 parts of catalyst, 5 to 10 parts of foaming agent, 1 to 5 parts of foam stabilizer, 1 to 5 parts of chain extender and cross-linking agent, and 10 to 25 parts of flame retardant; the component B is isocyanate; the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:0.8 to 1. Preferably, the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:1. The fireproof and anti-condensation polymer material provided in this solution ensures a high-rate foaming effect through a foaming agent and a foam stabilizer, which can further reduce material consumption and achieve an ideal effect; the cured sealing material, through the porosity of the material itself and the water-absorbing components contained inside, can meet the function of isolating water vapor and ensure the dryness of the internal environment after sealing; after a fire source appears, it comes into contact with high temperature or combustion, and the fireproof components in the polymer material will quickly carbonize and form a crust to prevent the flame from spreading, and release a certain amount of water to reduce the combustion temperature, so that the polymer material can play an excellent fireproof role.

[0007] The mass ratio of the polyether polyol to the polyester polyol in the component A is 1:0.7-1.5. Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyether polyol to the polyester polyol is 1:1, and the catalyst is one or a mixture of triethylenediamine, dibutyltin dilaurate, and dimorpholinyl diethyl ether.

[0008] The functionality of the polyether polyol and the polyester polyol is greater than or equal to 2, the main components of the chain extender cross-linking agent are propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and neopentyl glycol; the foaming agent is a mixture of pentafluorobutane and water; and the main component of the foam stabilizer is silicone oil. The foaming effect of the fireproof and anti-condensation material is further improved, and the consumption of materials can be reduced.

[0009] The A component also contains a heat absorbent, the main component of which is at least one of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum oxide, and the heat absorbent accounts for 5-10% of the total mass. The heat absorbent is used to control the reaction temperature, maintain a low-temperature reaction, and solidify at a low temperature, thereby avoiding damage to the internal components or wires and cables of the box-type power equipment.

[0010] The main component of the flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate, and the degree of polymerization of the ammonium polyphosphate is greater than 1000. This product is a crystalline type II ammonium polyphosphate with a high degree of polymerization (N>1000) and almost insoluble in water, and has excellent characteristics such as high efficiency flame retardancy, environmental friendliness, small addition amount, and little impact on mechanical properties.

[0011] A method for preparing the fireproof and anti-condensation material as described above comprises the following steps:

[0012] (1) mixing polyether polyol and polyester polyol uniformly, then sequentially adding a catalyst, a chain extender and a cross-linking agent, water, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer, and a flame retardant, and stirring uniformly to form component A;

[0013] (2) directly filling the isocyanate and sealing it as component B;

[0014] (3) First, stir component A at a constant speed for 15 minutes, then pour component B into component A, continue mixing and stirring, and pour the mixture of component A and component B into the area that needs protection; the mass ratio of component A to component B is 1:0.8~1.

[0015] In step (1), the polyether polyol and the polyester polyol are mixed in a ratio of 1:1.

[0016] In step (3), after pouring component B into component A, the mixing and stirring time is 3 to 5 minutes.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The fireproof and anti-condensation polymer material provided in this solution can reduce the occurrence of condensation; the high-rate foaming effect can reduce the consumption of materials, thereby achieving the ideal effect; the cured sealing material can meet the function of isolating water vapor through the porosity of the material itself and the water-absorbing components contained inside, thereby ensuring the dryness of the internal environment after sealing; after the occurrence of a fire source, contact with high temperature or combustion, the fireproof components in the polymer material will quickly carbonize and form a crust to prevent the spread of flames, and release a certain amount of water to reduce the combustion temperature, so that the polymer material can play an excellent fireproof role. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The present invention provides a fireproof and anti-condensation material, comprising a component A and a component B; the component A is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20 to 30 parts of polyether polyol, 20 to 30 parts of polyester polyol, 0.1 to 0.5 parts of catalyst, 5 to 10 parts of foaming agent, 1 to 5 parts of foam stabilizer, 1 to 5 parts of adhesive, 10 to 25 parts of flame retardant, and 5 to 10 parts of heat absorbent; the component B is an isocyanate, specifically at least one of a polyisocyanate and a diisocyanate; the combination ratio of the component A to the component B is 1:0.8 to 1;

[0021] The catalyst is used for catalyzing foaming reaction and cross-linking reaction, and the catalyst is one or a mixture of triethylenediamine, dibutyltin dilaurate, and dimorpholinyl diethyl ether.

[0022] The main components of the chain extender and cross-linker are propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and neopentyl glycol. The foaming agent is a mixture of pentafluorobutane and water; the main component of the foam stabilizer is silicone oil.

[0023] The mass ratio of the polyether polyol to the polyester polyol is 1:0.7-1.5. Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyether polyol to the polyester polyol is 1:1.

[0024] The functionality of the polyether polyol and the polyester polyol is greater than or equal to 2. The foaming effect of the fireproof and anti-condensation material is further improved, and the consumption of materials can be reduced.

[0025] The A component also contains a heat absorbent, the main components of which are magnesium hydroxide and aluminum oxide, and the heat absorbent accounts for 5-10% of the total mass. The heat absorbent is used to control the reaction temperature, maintain a low-temperature reaction, and solidify at a low temperature, thereby avoiding damage to the internal components or wires and cables of the box-type power equipment.

[0026] The main component of the flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate, and the degree of polymerization of the ammonium polyphosphate is greater than 1000. This product is a crystalline type II ammonium polyphosphate with a high degree of polymerization (N>1000) and is almost insoluble in water. It has excellent characteristics such as high efficiency flame retardancy, environmental friendliness, small addition amount, and small impact on mechanical properties. The flame retardant can also be selected from one or more of decabromodiphenylethane, antimony trioxide, chlorinated paraffin, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, and ethyl polyphosphate flame retardant.

[0027] A method for preparing the fireproof and anti-condensation material as described above comprises the following steps:

[0028] (1) mixing polyether polyol and polyester polyol in a ratio of 1:1, and then sequentially adding a catalyst, a chain extender and a cross-linking agent, water, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer, and a flame retardant, and stirring to form a component A;

[0029] (2) directly filling and sealing the cyanate ester to obtain component B;

[0030] (3) First, stir component A at a constant speed for 15 minutes, then pour component B into component A, continue mixing and stirring for 3 to 5 minutes, and pour the mixture of components A and B into the area that needs protection; the mass ratio of component A to component B is 1:0.8~1.

[0031] Invention reaction principle:

[0032] 1. Isocyanate, polyether polyol and polyester polyol react with a catalyst as shown below to obtain a polyurethane material;

[0033] ① The isocyanate group (-NCO) of diisocyanate or polyisocyanate reacts with the hydroxyl group (-OH) of diol or polyol to form a carbamate group:

[0034]

[0035] ②Diisocyanate or polyisocyanate reacts with water to quickly generate intermediate products, which then decompose to generate amines and carbon dioxide gas:

[0036]

[0037] ③ The amine generated in the second step reacts quickly with the remaining polyisocyanate to form urea. This step reacts faster:

[0038]

[0039] ④ Isocyanate and the hydrogen on the nitrogen atom of carbamate undergo substitution reaction to form allophanate, so that the obtained linear polymer is further cross-linked to form a branched structure:

[0040]

[0041] ⑤ Isocyanate and urea undergo polycondensation to form biuret, which further forms a cross-linked and branched structure for the linear polymer:

[0042]

[0043] ⑥ Isocyanate continues to react with the residual hydroxyl groups of diols or polyols to generate intermediate products and carbon dioxide:

[0044]

[0045] ⑦ Isocyanate undergoes self-addition polymerization to form a stable cyclic macromolecular polymer, which is the fire-retardant and anti-condensation material we need.

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] Table 1, various properties of the fireproof and anti-condensation material provided by the present invention.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] A method for preparing the fireproof and anti-condensation material as described above comprises the following steps:

[0051] (1) mixing polyether polyol and polyester polyol in a ratio of 1:1, and then sequentially adding a catalyst, a chain extender and a cross-linking agent, water, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer, and a flame retardant, and stirring to form a component A;

[0052] (2) directly filling the isocyanate and sealing it as component B;

[0053] (3) First, stir component A at a constant speed for 15 minutes, then pour component B into component A, continue mixing and stirring for 3 to 5 minutes, and pour the mixture of A and B into the area that needs protection; the mass ratio of component A to component B is 1:0.8, and the reaction time is recorded as T1.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] A method for preparing the fireproof and anti-condensation material as described above comprises the following steps:

[0056] (1) mixing polyether polyol and polyester polyol in a ratio of 1:1, and then sequentially adding a catalyst, a chain extender and a cross-linking agent, water, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer, and a flame retardant, and stirring to form a component A;

[0057] (2) directly filling the isocyanate and sealing it as component B;

[0058] (3) First, stir component A at a constant speed for 15 minutes, then pour component B into component A, continue mixing and stirring for 3 to 5 minutes, and pour the mixture of A and B into the area that needs protection; the mass ratio of component A to component B is 1:0.9, and the reaction time is recorded as T2.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] A method for preparing the fireproof and anti-condensation material as described above comprises the following steps:

[0061] (1) mixing polyether polyol and polyester polyol in a ratio of 1:1, and then sequentially adding a catalyst, a chain extender and a cross-linking agent, water, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer, and a flame retardant, and stirring to form a component A;

[0062] (2) directly filling the isocyanate and sealing it as component B;

[0063] (3) First, stir component A at a constant speed for 15 minutes, then pour component B into component A, continue mixing and stirring for 3 to 5 minutes, and pour the mixture of A and B into the area that needs protection; the mass ratio of component A to component B is 1:1, and the reaction time is recorded as T3.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] A method for preparing the fireproof and anti-condensation material as described above comprises the following steps:

[0066] (1) Mix the polyether polyol and polyester polyol evenly in a ratio of 1:1, and then successively add a catalyst, a chain extender crosslinking agent, water, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer, and a flame retardant, and stir evenly to form Component A;

[0067] (2) Directly fill the isocyanate and seal it as Component B;

[0068] (3) First, stir Component A evenly at a constant speed for 15 minutes, then pour Component B into Component A, and continue to mix and stir for 3 to 5 minutes, and pour the mixture of A and B into the part to be protected; the mass ratio of Component A to Component B is 1:1.1, and the reaction time is recorded as T4.

[0069] Serial number T1 T2 T3 T4 Time (min) 50 45 40 45

[0070] Table 2, reaction time data of Examples 1-4.

[0071] As shown in Table 2, T1>T2>T3<T4. It can be seen from this that the higher the proportion of Component B, the faster the reaction speed, and the optimal ratio of Component B to Component A is 1:1.

[0072] The ratio of Component A to Component B mainly shows the surface drying time of on-site construction, that is, the reaction time. Adjust the ratio according to the temperature and humidity on-site, because both temperature and humidity will affect the reaction time. When the temperature exceeds 30 °C and the humidity > 70, select 1:0.8; when the temperature > 30 and the humidity < 70, select 1:0.9; when the temperature < 30, a ratio of 1:1 has a better effect.

[0073] The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fireproof and anti-condensation material, characterized in that: It contains component A and component B; The A component is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass Composition: 20-30 parts of polyether polyol, 20-30 parts of polyester polyol, 0.1-0.5 parts of catalyst, 5-10 parts of foaming agent, 1-5 parts of foam stabilizer, 1-5 parts of chain extender and cross-linking agent, 10-25 parts of flame retardant; The B component is isocyanate; The mass ratio of component A to component B is 1:0.8-1.

2. The fireproof and anti-condensation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the polyether polyol to the polyester polyol in the component A is 1:0.7-1.

5.

3. The fireproof and anti-condensation material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the polyether polyol to the polyester polyol is 1:1, and the catalyst is one or a mixture of triethylenediamine, dibutyltin dilaurate, and dimorpholinyl diethyl ether.

4. The fireproof and anti-condensation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functionality of the polyether polyol and the polyester polyol is greater than or equal to 2; the main components of the chain extender cross-linking agent are propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and neopentyl glycol; the foaming agent is a mixture of pentafluorobutane and water; and the main component of the foam stabilizer is silicone oil.

5. The fireproof and anti-condensation material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the A component to the B component is 1:

1.

6. The fireproof and anti-condensation material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The component A further comprises a heat absorbent, the main component of which is at least one of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide, accounting for 5-10% of the total mass.

7. The fireproof and anti-condensation material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The main component of the flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate, and the polymerization degree of the ammonium polyphosphate is greater than 1000.

8. A method for preparing the fireproof and anti-condensation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) mixing polyether polyol and polyester polyol uniformly, then sequentially adding a catalyst, a chain extender and a cross-linking agent, water, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer, and a flame retardant, and stirring uniformly to form component A; (2) directly filling the isocyanate and sealing it as component B; (3) First, stir component A at a constant speed for 15 minutes, then pour component B into component A, continue mixing and stirring, and pour the mixture of component A and component B into the area that needs protection; The mass ratio of component A to component B is 1:0.8~1.

9. The method for preparing the fireproof and anti-condensation material according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step (1), the polyether polyol and the polyester polyol are mixed in a ratio of 1:

1.

10. The method for preparing the fireproof and anti-condensation material according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step (3), after pouring component B into component A, the mixing and stirring time is 3 to 5 minutes.

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