Fabricated building outer wall based on thermoelectric power generation technology in severe cold area

Abstract

The invention relates to the related technical field of fabricated building outer walls, and discloses a severe cold area fabricated building outer wall based on a thermoelectric power generation technology, which comprises a fabricated wall body module, a thermoelectric power generation module, a heat collection structure module, a circuit connection module, an energy management module and a data monitoring module, the fabricated wall body module is a solid prefabricated concrete shear wall composed of an inner leaf wall plate, a heat preservation layer and an outer leaf wall plate, the heat collection structure module is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fabricated wall body module, and the heat collection structure module comprises a heat absorption plate, a glass cover plate and a shell; according to the core component, the nickel-chromium alloy and the constantan alloy which are high in stability are directly welded for power generation, other technologies do not need to be combined, the core component can be directly applied to the building field, and under the condition that the power generation efficiency is guaranteed, the construction requirement of the building field is met as much as possible; and a brand new thought is developed for the energy-saving design of the fabricated building wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field related to assembled building exterior walls, and more specifically, particularly relates to an assembled building exterior wall for severely cold regions based on temperature difference power generation technology. Background Art

[0002] In extremely cold regions, building heating accounts for a large proportion of total energy consumption, but existing energy-saving technologies still cannot fully utilize building thermal energy resources. Thermoelectric power generation technology has important application potential because it can directly convert thermal energy into electrical energy. However, the application of current technology in the construction field still has many bottlenecks: 1. Low efficiency under small temperature difference conditions: Traditional TEG devices are sensitive to high temperature differences, but their efficiency is limited under conditions where the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is small (20~30℃); 2. High cost: TEG devices use expensive semiconductor materials (such as bismuth telluride), which is too expensive for large-area building applications; 3. Construction complexity: Traditional devices require high-precision installation technology and are not suitable for large-scale on-site construction; 4. Poor stability: After long-term use, the performance of the power generation device declines, making it difficult to meet the stable operation requirements of buildings in cold regions; Therefore, in view of this, the existing structure and defects are studied and improved, and an assembled building exterior wall for cold regions based on temperature difference power generation technology is provided, in order to achieve a more practical and valuable purpose. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides an assembled building exterior wall for severely cold regions based on a temperature difference power generation technology, which is used to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

[0004] The purpose and effect of the assembled building exterior wall in severe cold regions based on the temperature difference power generation technology of the present invention are achieved by the following specific technical means: An assembled building exterior wall for cold regions based on temperature difference power generation technology, comprising: An assembled wall module, a temperature difference power generation module, a heat collection structure module, a circuit connection module, an energy management module, and a data monitoring module. The assembled wall module is a solid precast concrete shear wall composed of an inner leaf wall panel, an insulation layer, and an outer leaf wall panel. The outer wall of the assembled wall module is fixedly installed with the heat collection structure module. The heat collection structure module includes a heat absorbing plate, a glass cover plate, and an outer shell. The heat absorbing plate is embedded and fixedly installed at the center of the outer shell. The outer shell is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the outer leaf wall panel of the assembled wall module. The heat absorbing plate is in contact with the outer wall of the outer leaf wall panel of the assembled wall module. The glass cover plate is embedded and fixedly installed at the center of the outer shell. A cavity for heat preservation is formed between the glass cover plate and the heat absorbing plate. The temperature difference power generation module is a closed metal ring body formed by end-to-end welding of a nickel-chromium alloy and a constantan alloy. The temperature difference power generation module is interspersed in the insulation layer of the assembled wall module, and one end welding point is in contact with the inner wall of the heat absorbing plate, and the other end welding point is placed close to the indoor side.

[0005] As a further technical solution, the circuit connection module adopts a flexible circuit substrate, and multiple power generation units are connected in parallel and integrated on the flexible board, which is convenient for internal layout and circuit connection of the wall.

[0006] According to a further technical solution, the heat absorbing plate is made of a graphene-reinforced composite material heat absorbing plate, a honeycomb surface design is used to increase the heat absorbing area, and a black high heat absorbing coating is applied to improve the heat conversion efficiency.

[0007] According to a further technical solution, the cover plate is made of low-iron glass with an anti-reflective coating, and the photothermal dynamic adjustment film automatically adjusts the transmittance according to the light intensity to prevent overheating damage.

[0008] According to a further technical solution, the prefabricated wall modules are standardized unit modules, and the prefabricated wall modules are assembled through fiber-reinforced composite material connectors to ensure the stability of the overall structure.

[0009] According to a further technical solution, the energy management module includes an energy storage device and an intelligent control system, and the energy storage device uses a lithium iron phosphate battery to store electrical energy.

[0010] According to a further technical solution, the data monitoring module includes at least three groups of temperature sensors, and the three groups of temperature sensors are respectively placed inside the wall and on the indoor and outdoor wall surfaces.

[0011] According to a further technical solution, the surface coating of the temperature difference power generation module is a highly corrosion-resistant composite coating, which can operate stably for a long time in an environment of -20°C to 50°C.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Can be directly applied in the construction field: The core component of the present invention is to directly weld the nickel-chromium alloy with high stability and the constantan alloy to generate electricity. It does not need to be combined with other technologies and can be directly applied in the construction field.

[0013] (2) Low cost: The present invention is designed specifically for the construction field, taking into account the cost and construction price. While ensuring the power generation efficiency, it tries to meet the construction needs of the construction field as much as possible, opening up a new idea for the energy-saving design of prefabricated building walls.

[0014] (3) The construction process is relatively simple: The two alloy materials used in the device of the present invention have certain ductility and machinability, and can be made into the desired shape and size through common metal processing methods such as forging, stretching, rolling, etc.

[0015] (4) Good stability: The device of the present invention has stable thermoelectric performance, strong oxidation resistance, and good stability in long-term use.

[0016] (5) Good adaptability: When the present invention matures in the later stage, it can automatically distribute electric energy through an intelligent control system according to indoor power demand and power generation conditions, and use electric energy for indoor lighting, electrical equipment, etc., thereby improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0017] (6) Wide application: The method and device of the present invention can be widely used in the fields of building energy conservation, factory waste heat utilization and severe environment temperature monitoring, and has broad application prospects and practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the heat collection structure module of the present invention in an installed state; Figure 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the circuit connection module in the present invention; Figure 3 is an example photo of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0021] The present invention provides an assembled building exterior wall for severe cold regions based on temperature difference power generation technology, comprising: Assembled wall module, temperature difference power generation module, heat collection structure module, circuit connection module, energy management module, data monitoring module, the assembled wall module is a solid prefabricated concrete shear wall composed of inner leaf wall panel, insulation layer and outer leaf wall panel, the outer wall of the assembled wall module is fixedly installed with the heat collection structure module, the heat collection structure module includes a heat absorption plate, a glass cover plate, an outer shell, and a heat insulation material, the center of the outer shell is provided with an empty groove and the heat absorption plate is fixedly installed by an aluminum alloy frame, the heat insulation material is provided on both sides of the heat absorption plate, and the heat insulation material can use nano aerogel material to improve the heat insulation performance and reduce heat Energy loss, the shell is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the outer blade wall panel of the assembled wall module, the heat absorbing plate is in close contact with the outer wall of the outer blade wall panel of the assembled wall module, the glass cover plate is fixedly mounted on the center of the shell through an aluminum alloy frame, a glass cavity for heat preservation is formed between the glass cover plate and the heat absorbing plate, the temperature difference power generation module is a closed metal ring body formed by end-to-end welding of nickel-chromium alloy and constantan alloy, the temperature difference power generation module is interspersed in the insulation layer of the assembled wall module, and one end welding point is in contact with the inner wall of the heat absorbing plate, and the other end welding point is placed close to the indoor side.

[0022] 1. Thermoelectric power generation module Core components: Made of Ni90Cr10 nickel-chromium alloy and Ni45Cu55 constantan alloy, the Seebeck effect is used to convert heat energy into electrical energy. The alloy wire has a diameter of 1.5mm, a length of 80mm, and a welding point spacing of 60-80mm.

[0023] Surface coating: coated with corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant coating to enhance the anti-oxidation performance, and can operate stably for a long time in an environment of -20°C to 50°C.

[0024] 2. Solar collector structure module Heat absorbing material: Graphene reinforced composite heat absorbing plate is used, the honeycomb surface design increases the heat absorbing area, and a black high heat absorbing coating is applied to improve the heat conversion efficiency.

[0025] Transparent cover: low-iron glass with anti-reflective coating, photothermal dynamic regulation film automatically adjusts the transmittance according to the light intensity to prevent overheating damage.

[0026] This module can increase the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the temperature difference power generation device. The structure consists of several parts such as a heat absorbing plate, a transparent cover, a heat insulation layer and a shell. The structure diagram is shown in the figure below. Figure 1As shown. The heat absorber structure is basically in the shape of a flat plate. When solar radiation passes through the transparent cover plate, it is projected onto the heat absorbing plate, absorbed by the heat absorbing plate and converted into heat energy, and then the heat is transferred to the contact point between the nickel-chromium alloy and constantan welded in the heat absorbing plate, so that the temperature of the contact point between the nickel-chromium alloy and constantan rises, forming a significant temperature difference with the other contact point.

[0027] 3. Prefabricated wall modules Wall design: The outer wall panels are made of C30 grade concrete, the inner wall panels are 200mm thick, the insulation layer is 60mm thick, and the insulation material is extruded polystyrene board (XPS).

[0028] Modular structure: The exterior wall is divided into several standardized unit modules, which are assembled through fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) connectors to ensure the stability of the overall structure.

[0029] 4. Circuit connection module The module uses a flexible circuit substrate and integrates multiple power generation units on the flexible board, which is convenient for internal wall layout and circuit connection.

[0030] Parallel mode: The temperature difference power generation modules are connected in parallel to improve the circuit fault tolerance.

[0031] Intelligent shunt: Dynamically adjust the current output of each module to ensure optimal overall system efficiency.

[0032] 5. Energy management module Energy storage equipment: Use lithium iron phosphate batteries to store electrical energy and adapt to low temperature environments.

[0033] Intelligent control system: Dynamically distributes electrical energy to indoor lighting, sensor power supply or auxiliary heating equipment according to power demand.

[0034] 6. Data monitoring module Temperature sensor: monitors the internal temperature of the wall and the temperature difference of the power generation module, and optimizes the operating parameters through at least three sets of temperature sensors, which are placed inside the wall and on the indoor and outdoor wall surfaces respectively.

[0035] Fault protection: Automatically cut off the circuit under abnormal conditions to prevent system overload or damage.

[0036] Example 1: Prefabrication and installation of standardized wall modules Modular Prefabrication: Complete standardized production and assembly of temperature difference power generation modules and solar collection structure modules in the factory.

[0037] The module size is 3m×1m, and each module contains 10 power generation units.

[0038] On-site installation: Connectors are reserved in the building's exterior wall area, and module splicing is completed through lifting equipment.

[0039] The circuit connection is completed by quick plug-in.

[0040] System debugging: Install intelligent shunts and debug the output of each module one by one to ensure the stability of the overall circuit.

[0041] Effect: Greatly reduce on-site construction time and labor costs, and improve wall assembly accuracy.

[0042] Example 2: Building energy saving experiment in severe cold regions Experimental background: Actual tests were conducted in a severely cold region in Northeast China, using a 100㎡ exterior wall sample.

[0043] Outdoor temperature: -20°C, indoor temperature setting: 20°C.

[0044] Experimental process: According to the design and installation of the present invention, the external wall is monitored for power generation efficiency and building heating energy consumption.

[0045] Data collection period: 30 consecutive days, focusing on recording changes in temperature difference power generation and heating demand.

[0046] Experimental results: Average daily power generation: 60Wh / ㎡.

[0047] The building heating energy consumption is reduced by 30% compared to traditional exterior walls, and indoor temperature fluctuations are reduced by 40%.

[0048] Example 3: Renewable Energy Collaborative System Design Overview: Solar photovoltaic panels are installed on the top of the exterior wall, working in conjunction with the temperature difference power generation modules.

[0049] The geothermal pipes are introduced into the low-temperature welding points of the wall to increase the stability of the heat source on the low-temperature side.

[0050] Running process: Solar photovoltaic panels provide additional heat sources for the thermoelectric power generation modules, and geothermal pipes increase the temperature difference on the low-temperature side.

[0051] The intelligent control system allocates the output ratio of the three energies in real time.

[0052] Experimental results: The overall energy utilization efficiency of the system increased by 20%, and the energy self-sufficiency rate reached 70%.

[0053] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Claims

1. An assembled building exterior wall in cold regions based on temperature difference power generation technology, characterized in that: include: An assembled wall module, a temperature difference power generation module, a heat collection structure module, a circuit connection module, an energy management module, and a data monitoring module. The assembled wall module is a solid precast concrete shear wall composed of an inner leaf wall panel, an insulation layer, and an outer leaf wall panel. The outer wall of the assembled wall module is fixedly installed with the heat collection structure module. The heat collection structure module includes a heat absorbing plate, a glass cover plate, and an outer shell. The heat absorbing plate is embedded and fixedly installed at the center of the outer shell. The outer shell is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the outer leaf wall panel of the assembled wall module. The heat absorbing plate is in contact with the outer wall of the outer leaf wall panel of the assembled wall module. The glass cover plate is embedded and fixedly installed at the center of the outer shell. A cavity for heat preservation is formed between the glass cover plate and the heat absorbing plate. The temperature difference power generation module is a closed metal ring body formed by welding nickel-chromium alloy and constantan alloy end to end. The temperature difference power generation module is interspersed in the insulation layer of the assembled wall module, and one end welding point is in contact with the inner wall of the heat absorbing plate, and the other end welding point is placed close to the indoor side.

2. According to claim 1, a prefabricated building exterior wall in severe cold regions based on temperature difference power generation technology is characterized by: The circuit connection module adopts a flexible circuit substrate, and multiple power generation units are connected in parallel and integrated on the flexible board, which is convenient for internal layout and circuit connection of the wall.

3. According to claim 1, a prefabricated building exterior wall in severe cold regions based on temperature difference power generation technology is characterized by: The heat absorbing plate adopts a graphene-reinforced composite material heat absorbing plate, a honeycomb surface design increases the heat absorbing area, and is coated with a black high heat absorbing coating to improve the heat conversion efficiency.

4. According to claim 1, a prefabricated building exterior wall in cold regions based on temperature difference power generation technology is characterized by: The cover plate is made of low-iron glass with an anti-reflective coating, and the light-thermal dynamic adjustment film automatically adjusts the light transmittance according to the light intensity to prevent overheating damage.

5. According to claim 1, a prefabricated building exterior wall in severe cold regions based on temperature difference power generation technology is characterized by: The prefabricated wall modules are standardized unit modules, and the prefabricated wall modules are assembled through fiber-reinforced composite material connectors to ensure the stability of the overall structure.

6. According to claim 1, a prefabricated building exterior wall in severe cold regions based on temperature difference power generation technology is characterized by: The energy management module includes an energy storage device and an intelligent control system, and the energy storage device uses a lithium iron phosphate battery to store electrical energy.

7. According to claim 1, a prefabricated building exterior wall in severe cold regions based on temperature difference power generation technology is characterized by: The data monitoring module includes at least three groups of temperature sensors, and the three groups of temperature sensors are respectively placed inside the wall and on the indoor and outdoor wall surfaces.

8. According to claim 1, a prefabricated building exterior wall in cold regions based on temperature difference power generation technology is characterized by: The surface coating of the temperature difference power generation module is a highly corrosion-resistant composite coating, which can operate stably for a long time in an environment of -20°C to 50°C.

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