Water-jet guided laser processing head

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-jet guided laser processing head. The water-jet guided laser processing head comprises a focusing mechanism, a centering adjusting mechanism and a coupling head. The focusing mechanism comprises a spiral sleeve and a rotary containing cavity. The focusing mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the laser focus. The centering adjusting mechanism comprises a first sliding piece. The first sliding part is arranged on the upper layer of the hollow adjusting disc, and the lower layer of the hollow adjusting disc is slidably clamped with the second sliding part. The first sliding piece and the second sliding piece are provided with a pushing adjusting device which is used for adjusting the position of the centering adjusting mechanism. The coupling head comprises a shell, a coupling cavity and a water column spraying channel. The laser processing device has the beneficial effects that the laser processing head is protected through sealing design and dry and clean gas, and stable output of laser is ensured; a spiral structure and guide rail type guiding are combined, so that deflection is prevented; the length of the cantilever is reduced, the position and precision stability of the machining head in the focus adjusting process is guaranteed, and the machining precision and stability are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of laser processing heads, and in particular to a water-conducting laser processing head. Background Art

[0002] The laser processing head is the core component of laser processing equipment. It is mainly responsible for guiding the laser beam to the surface of the workpiece and achieving precise processing by adjusting the focus and controlling the movement. However, the traditional water-guided laser processing head integrates the focusing device and the coupling device, making the position of the coupling head impossible to adjust. However, different processes in laser processing often have different requirements for laser transmission and focusing, which makes it impossible for operators to flexibly adjust the transmission path or focal position of the laser beam to adapt to different processing requirements. This limitation greatly reduces the versatility and adaptability of the equipment, thereby affecting the overall production efficiency and processing quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] 1. Problems to be solved

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a water-conducting laser processing head in view of the current status of the prior art.

[0005] (II) Technical solution

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A water-guided laser processing head comprises a focusing mechanism, a centering adjustment mechanism and a coupling head. The focusing mechanism comprises a spiral sleeve and a rotating cavity. The focusing mechanism is used to adjust the position of the laser focus. The centering adjustment mechanism comprises a first sliding member. The first sliding member is arranged on the upper layer of a hollow adjustment disc, and a second sliding member is slidably clamped on the lower layer of the hollow adjustment disc. The first sliding member and the second sliding member are equipped with a push-up adjustment device, and the push-up adjustment device is used to adjust the position of the centering adjustment mechanism. The coupling head comprises a shell, a coupling cavity and a water column injection channel. The rotating cavity is fixedly connected with a laser inner cavity, and a focusing lens is arranged in the laser inner cavity. A guide column for guiding is arranged between the rotating cavity and the rotating cavity. A clean air channel is formed between the centering adjustment mechanism and the coupling head. By introducing dry gas into the clean air channel, it can be ensured that the laser is clean and dry before entering the high-pressure water column for full emission, thereby avoiding the loss of laser energy. At the same time, the internal cavity can be in a state of slightly positive pressure, thereby avoiding interference from the external environment and maintaining the internal cavity in a state of slightly positive pressure.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, a high-precision spiral structure is used in combination with a guide rail-type fitting guide structure. The focusing mechanism has a certain impact resistance while ensuring the straightness and stability of the lifting, and the focusing lens will not shift with the movement of the processing head. During laser processing, the centering adjustment mechanism adjusts the coupling head to make it coaxial with the focusing lens for laser and water coupling, shortening the cantilever length of the coupling component and improving the processing stability of the coupling component.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes an external locking piece. The external locking piece is installed and connected with the focusing mechanism. The lower end of the rotating cavity is connected and installed with a laser inner cavity. The external locking piece is used to lock the centering adjustment mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer locking member is installed below the focusing mechanism, the centering adjustment mechanism is slidably connected to the outer locking member, and the coupling head is installed at the lower end of the centering adjustment mechanism. The centering adjustment mechanism and the coupling head are arranged around the laser inner cavity. The centering adjustment mechanism is connected with four pin holes arranged at the upper end of the outer locking member through a latch.

[0011] Furthermore, a sealing groove structure and a sealing ring are provided between the centering adjustment mechanism and the coupling head, and a sealing ring is installed between the focusing mechanism and the external locking member.

[0012] Furthermore, a sealing groove structure and a sealing ring are provided between the rotating cavity and the spiral sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the focusing mechanism also includes a stabilizing guide block disposed inside the spiral sleeve, the stabilizing guide block is placed vertically, and a touch slider for clamping the lower cavity of the rotating cavity is installed on the stabilizing guide block. In addition, a spring can be arranged inside the stabilizing guide block, and after the focusing mechanism focuses, the touch slider can lock and stabilize the rotating cavity. A scale display line is arranged outside the spiral sleeve. When the external thread of the rotating cavity rotates in the internal thread groove in the spiral sleeve, the focusing lens moves up and down.

[0014] Furthermore, the hollow adjustment disc is provided with a hollow circular hole. The first sliding member and the second sliding member are externally formed with an interlocking groove and a spring groove, and the interlocking groove is engaged with the edge of the clamping member. The outer edge of the hollow adjustment disc is formed with a boss extending toward the upper and lower ends. The clamping member is connected and installed on the inner side of the boss, and an adjustment spring is installed between the spring groove and the boss.

[0015] Furthermore, the push-up adjustment device includes a spiral adjustment shaft. The boss is partially formed with an internal thread, the spiral adjustment shaft is meshed and connected with the boss, and one end of the spiral adjustment shaft abuts against the first sliding member and the second sliding member. When the spiral adjustment shaft rotates, the first sliding member and / or the second sliding member slides, and the adjustment spring follows to stretch or contract.

[0016] Furthermore, the centering adjustment mechanism also includes a lower hollow truncated cone, and an adapter is installed on the lower hollow truncated cone. The lower hollow truncated cone is installed and connected with the second sliding member, and the coupling head is matched and connected with the adapter.

[0017] Furthermore, an air inlet pipe and a liquid inlet pipe are provided inside the coupling head; after the laser is coupled with water in the coupling cavity, it passes through the water column injection channel and is ejected from the nozzle under the protection of the airflow.

[0018] (III) Beneficial effects

[0019] 1. The present invention isolates external dust and moisture from the outside by designing a sealing groove, thereby ensuring the airtightness of the interior. At the same time, clean and dry compressed air is injected into the interior to further ensure the dryness of the internal space, thereby protecting the internal components and ensuring the stability of the laser output.

[0020] 2. Through the high-precision spiral structure and the guide rail-type fitting guide structure, the spiral sleeve, rotating cavity, stable guide block and touch slider work together to ensure the straightness and stability of the focusing lift, and prevent the focusing mirror from swinging during the movement of the processing head.

[0021] 3. The coupling head position can be adjusted through the centering adjustment mechanism, which is conducive to adapting to different laser beam transmission paths and focal positions. In the structure, the centering adjustment mechanism is fixed, and the coupling head is fixed and locked to reduce the cantilever length. Then, the focus position is adjusted by adjusting the lifting and lowering of the focusing lens, which can greatly ensure that the entire processing head does not move, and the internal focus position is simply adjusted. Even if the focus needs to be fine-tuned during the processing process, it will not affect the position and accuracy of the processing head. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1 is a front view of the water-conducting laser processing head of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the water-conducting laser processing head of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the focusing mechanism in the water-guided laser processing head of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the focusing mechanism in the water-conducting laser processing head of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the centering adjustment mechanism in the water-conducting laser processing head of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the centering adjustment mechanism in the water-guided laser processing head of the present invention;

[0029] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0030] 1. Focusing mechanism; 2. Centering adjustment mechanism; 3. Coupling head; 11. Spiral sleeve; 12. Rotating cavity; 13. Focusing lens; 14. Stabilizing guide block; 15. Rotating cavity lower cavity; 16. Touch slider; 17. External thread; 18. Internal thread groove; 21. First sliding member; 22. Hollow adjustment disc; 23. Second sliding member; 24. Push-up adjustment device; 25. Hollow round hole; 26. Fitting groove; 27. Spring groove; 28. Clamping member; 29. ​​Boss; 291. Adjustment spring; 292. Spiral adjustment shaft; 293. Lower hollow truncated cone; 294. Adapter; 31. Shell; 32. Coupling cavity; 33. Water column injection channel; 34. Nozzle; 41. External locking member; 42. Optical path channel; 43. Sealing groove structure; 44. Sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0033] See also Figure 1-Figure 6The present invention provides a technical solution: a water-guided laser processing head, comprising: a focusing mechanism (1), a centering adjustment mechanism (2) and a coupling head (3). The focusing mechanism (1) comprises a spiral sleeve (11) and a rotating cavity (12). The focusing mechanism (1) is used to adjust the position of the laser focus. The centering adjustment mechanism (2) comprises a first sliding member (21). The first sliding member (21) is arranged on the upper layer of a hollow adjustment disc (22), and a second sliding member (23) is slidably connected to the lower layer of the hollow adjustment disc (22). The first sliding member (21) and the second sliding member (23) are installed with a push-up adjustment device (24), and the push-up adjustment device (24) is used to adjust the position of the centering adjustment mechanism (2). The coupling head (3) comprises a shell (31), a coupling cavity (32) and a water column injection channel (33). When the push-up adjustment device (24) pushes the first sliding member (21), the centering adjustment mechanism (2) drives the coupling head (3) to move forward and backward. When the push-up adjustment device (24) pushes the second sliding member (23), the centering adjustment mechanism (2) drives the coupling head (3) to move left and right. The focusing lens (13) is used for focusing. In the coupling cavity (32), the coupling of laser and water forms a processable water beam, which is ejected from the water column injection channel (33). The rotating cavity (12) is fixedly connected to the laser inner cavity (32), and the focusing lens (13) is arranged in the laser inner cavity. A guide column for guiding is arranged between the rotating cavity (12) and the rotating cavity. A clean air channel is formed between the centering adjustment mechanism (2) and the coupling head (3). By introducing dry gas into the clean air channel, the internal cavity can be in a state of slightly positive pressure at the same time, avoiding interference from the external environment, and keeping the internal cavity in a state of slightly positive pressure. And keep the internal cavity in a state of slightly positive pressure. The technical solution adopts a high-precision spiral structure with a guide rail-type fitting guide structure, so that the focusing mechanism (1) has a certain impact resistance while ensuring the straightness and stability of the lifting, and the focusing lens (13) will not be offset with the movement of the processing head. When performing laser processing, the centering adjustment mechanism (2) adjusts the coupling head (3) so that it is coaxial with the focusing lens (13) to couple the laser and water, shortening the cantilever length of the coupling component and improving the processing stability of the coupling component.

[0034] Specifically, it also includes an external locking member (41). The external locking member (41) is installed and connected to the focusing mechanism (1). The lower end of the rotating cavity (12) is connected to a laser inner cavity (42). The external locking member (41) is used to lock the centering adjustment mechanism (2).

[0035] Specifically, the outer locking member (41) is installed below the focusing mechanism (1), the centering adjustment mechanism (2) is slidably connected to the outer locking member (41), and the coupling head (3) is installed at the lower end of the centering adjustment mechanism (2). The centering adjustment mechanism (2) and the coupling head (3) are arranged around the laser inner cavity (42). The centering adjustment mechanism (2) is connected to four pin holes arranged at the upper end of the outer locking member (41) through a latch. The light beam focused by the focusing lens (13) is injected into the coupling cavity (32) through the optical path channel (42).

[0036] Specifically, a sealing groove structure (43) and a sealing ring (44) are provided between the centering adjustment mechanism (2) and the coupling head (3). A sealing ring (44) is installed between the focusing mechanism (1) and the external locking member (41). By designing a waterproof and dustproof structure inside the water-conducting laser processing head, the sealing ring (44) is used to seal the internal space to prevent the entry of dust and impurities; at the same time, clean and dry compressed air is injected to further ensure the dryness of the internal space. This prevents the occurrence of corrosion, condensation, oxidation, etc., and improves the reliability and service life of the equipment.

[0037] Specifically, a sealing groove structure (43) and a sealing ring (44) are provided between the rotating chamber (12) and the spiral sleeve (11). The sealing groove structure (43) and the sealing ring (44) are used to isolate the internal space of the device from the external space, thereby improving the service life and reliability of the device and reducing maintenance costs.

[0038] Specifically, the focusing mechanism (1) further comprises a stabilizing guide block (14) arranged inside the spiral sleeve (11), the stabilizing guide block (14) being placed vertically, and a touch slider (16) for clamping the lower cavity (15) of the rotating cavity being installed on the stabilizing guide block (14). In addition, a spring can also be arranged inside the stabilizing guide block (14), and after the focusing mechanism (1) is focused, the touch slider (16) can lock and stabilize the rotating cavity (12). A scale display line is arranged outside the spiral sleeve (11). When the spiral sleeve (11) rotates, the focusing lens (13) moves up and down, the stabilizing guide block (14) moves along with the spiral groove in the spiral sleeve (11), and drives the spiral sleeve (11) to move, and a laser inner cavity (42) is connected below the lower cavity (15) of the rotating cavity, and the focusing lens (13) in the laser inner cavity (42) also moves up and down accordingly. The stabilizing guide block (14) is used to guide the movement of the laser inner cavity (42) to prevent deviation.

[0039] Specifically, the hollow adjustment disc (22) is provided with a hollow circular hole (25). The first sliding member (21) and the second sliding member (23) are formed with an interlocking groove (26) and a spring groove (27) on the outside, and the interlocking groove (26) is engaged with the edge of the clamping member (28). The outer edge of the hollow adjustment disc (22) is formed with a boss (29) extending toward the upper and lower ends. The clamping member (28) is connected and installed on the inner side of the boss (29), and an adjustment spring (291) is installed between the spring groove (27) and the boss (29). The interlocking groove (26) is designed by combining a non-contacting inner groove and an outer groove engaged with the upper and lower surfaces of the clamping member. The interlocking groove (26) is always engaged with the edge of the clamping member (28), and the edge is in the inner groove. When the centering adjustment mechanism (2) rotates, the interlocking groove (26) and the clamping member (28) slide relative to each other and have the same height. The clamping piece enables the centering adjustment mechanism (2) to accurately adjust the positions of the X-axis and the Y-axis while effectively stabilizing the positioning of the Z-axis, thereby improving the accuracy.

[0040] Specifically, the push-up adjustment device (24) includes a spiral adjustment shaft (292). The boss (29) is partially formed with an internal thread, the spiral adjustment shaft (292) is meshedly connected with the boss (29), and one end of the spiral adjustment shaft (292) abuts against the first sliding member (21) and the second sliding member (23). When the spiral adjustment shaft (292) rotates, the first sliding member (21) and / or the second sliding member (23) slip, and the adjustment spring (291) is stretched or contracted accordingly.

[0041] Specifically, the centering adjustment mechanism (2) further comprises a lower hollow truncated cone (293), and a transfer member (294) is installed on the lower hollow truncated cone (293). The lower hollow truncated cone (293) is installed and connected with the second sliding member (23), and the coupling head (3) is matched and connected with the transfer member (294).

[0042] Specifically, an air inlet pipe and a liquid inlet pipe are also provided inside the coupling head (3); after the laser is coupled with water in the coupling cavity (32), it passes through the water column injection channel (33) and is ejected from the nozzle (34) under the protection of the airflow. In the actual processing process, the coupling device needs to move along the trajectory like a traditional machining center. If the coupling device is very long, its force arm will also be long, thereby increasing the probability of the coupling device moving during the movement process, affecting the accuracy and stability of the processing. While realizing the above-mentioned functions, the present invention effectively shortens and fixes the length of the coupling head (3) and the focusing mechanism (1), further improving the stability of the processing.

[0043] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A water-guided laser processing head, characterized in that: include: Focusing mechanism (1), centering adjustment mechanism (2) and coupling head (3); A focusing mechanism (1) comprises a spiral sleeve (11) and a rotating cavity (12); the focusing mechanism (1) is used to adjust the position of the laser focus; The centering adjustment mechanism (2) comprises a first sliding member (21); the first sliding member (21) is arranged on the upper layer of a hollow adjustment disc (22), and the lower layer of the hollow adjustment disc (22) is slidably engaged with a second sliding member (23); the first sliding member (21) and the second sliding member (23) are installed with a push-up adjustment device (24), and the push-up adjustment device (24) is used to adjust the position of the centering adjustment mechanism (2); The coupling head (3) comprises a housing (31), a coupling cavity (32) and a water column injection channel (33).

2. The water-conducting laser processing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises an external locking piece (41); the external locking piece (41) is installed and connected to the focusing mechanism (1); the lower end of the rotating cavity (12) is connected to a laser inner cavity (42) installed therein; the external locking piece (41) is used to lock the centering adjustment mechanism (2).

3. The water-conducting laser processing head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer locking member (41) is installed below the focusing mechanism (1), the centering adjustment mechanism (2) is slidably engaged below the outer locking member (41), and the coupling head (3) is installed at the lower end of the centering adjustment mechanism (2); the centering adjustment mechanism (2) and the coupling head (3) are arranged around the laser inner cavity (42).

4. The water-conducting laser processing head according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing groove structure (43) and a sealing ring (44) are provided between the centering adjustment mechanism (2) and the coupling head (3); and a sealing ring (44) is installed between the focusing mechanism (1) and the external locking member (41).

5. The water-conducting laser processing head according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing groove structure (43) and a sealing ring (44) are provided between the rotating cavity (12) and the spiral sleeve (11).

6. The water-conducting laser processing head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The focusing mechanism (1) also includes a stabilizing guide block (14) arranged inside the spiral sleeve (11). The stabilizing guide block (14) is placed vertically. A touch slider (16) is installed on the stabilizing guide block (14) for clamping the lower cavity (15) of the rotating cavity. When the spiral sleeve (11) rotates, the stabilizing guide block (14) moves along with the spiral groove in the spiral sleeve (11) and drives the lower cavity (15) of the rotating cavity to move. A laser inner cavity (42) is connected below the lower cavity (15) of the rotating cavity, and the focusing lens (13) in the laser inner cavity (42) also moves up and down accordingly. The stabilizing guide block (14) is used to guide the movement of the laser inner cavity (42) to prevent deviation.

7. The water-conducting laser processing head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hollow adjusting disc (22) is provided with a hollow circular hole (25); the first sliding member (21) and the second sliding member (23) are externally formed with an engaging groove (26) and a spring groove (27), and the engaging groove (26) is engaged with the edge of the clamping member (28); the outer edge of the hollow adjusting disc (22) is formed with a boss (29) extending toward the upper and lower ends; the clamping member (28) is connected and installed on the inner side of the boss (29), and an adjusting spring (291) is installed between the spring groove (27) and the boss (29).

8. The water-conducting laser processing head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The push-up adjustment device (24) comprises a spiral adjustment shaft (292); the boss (29) is partially formed with an internal thread, the spiral adjustment shaft (292) is meshedly connected with the boss (29), and one end of the spiral adjustment shaft (292) is against the first sliding member (21) and the second sliding member (23); when the spiral adjustment shaft (292) rotates, the first sliding member (21) and / or the second sliding member (23) slip, and the adjustment spring (291) follows to stretch or contract.

9. The water-conducting laser processing head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The centering adjustment mechanism (2) further comprises a lower hollow truncated cone (293), and the lower hollow truncated cone (293) is installed with an adapter (294); the lower hollow truncated cone (293) is installed and connected with the second sliding member (23), and the coupling head (3) is cooperatively connected with the adapter (294).

10. The water-conducting laser processing head according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air inlet pipe and a liquid inlet pipe are also provided inside the coupling head (3); after the laser is coupled with water in the coupling cavity (32), it passes through the water column injection channel (33) and is ejected from the nozzle (34) under the protection of the airflow.

Images