Thermoplastic composite material, glued workpiece and preparation method of glued workpiece

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermoplastic composite material, a glued workpiece and a preparation method of the glued workpiece, and relates to the field of composite materials. According to the method, the coating is formed at the to-be-bonded position of the thermoplastic composite material, so that the bonding force between the materials during bonding is greatly improved, and the coating has relatively strong bonding force with the adhesive and the surface of the thermoplastic material. Experimental results show that the thermoplastic composite material bonded by the method provided by the invention is high in bonding capacity, and the single-lap shear strength is improved by more than 50% compared with that of a thermoplastic composite material without a coating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of composite materials, and in particular to a thermoplastic composite material, a bonding workpiece and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Thermoplastic composites are a type of composite materials based on thermoplastic resins. During the molding process, the resin has no curing and cross-linking reaction. The desired product can be formed by heating, melting, cooling and solidification. It can be heated and re-molded repeatedly. Compared with thermosetting composites, thermoplastic composites have higher toughness and damage tolerance, short molding cycle, repeatable processing, and prepregs have a nearly unlimited storage period at room temperature. Therefore, thermoplastic composites have great potential application value in the aerospace field. In practical applications, different thermoplastic composite components often need to be connected to meet the needs of various complex parts.

[0003] Gluing is a method of connecting composite materials, which uses adhesives to connect different components under certain temperature and pressure. Currently, most adhesives on the market are epoxy resins, bismaleimide and other materials, which are mainly used for bonding thermosetting composite materials. However, thermoplastic composite materials, such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), polyaryletherketone (PAEK)-based composite materials, have low surface energy and stable molecular structure, resulting in low bonding strength during the bonding process, and the bonding performance is often poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a thermoplastic composite material, a bonded workpiece and a preparation method thereof. The thermoplastic composite material and the bonding method provided by the present invention can effectively improve the bonding strength between materials and enhance the bonding performance.

[0005] The present invention provides a thermoplastic composite material, comprising a thermoplastic composite material body and a coating formed at a location to be bonded of the thermoplastic composite material body;

[0006] The coating is a metal coating or a metal oxide coating.

[0007] In some specific implementations, the metal coating is an aluminum layer, a copper layer, a nickel layer, a chromium layer, a titanium layer or a zinc layer. In some specific implementations, the metal oxide coating is an Al2O3 layer, a titanium oxide layer, a tin oxide layer or a ZrO2 layer. In some specific implementations, the thickness of the coating is 1 to 1000 μm.

[0008] In some specific implementations, the thermoplastic composite body is a polyphenylene sulfide-based composite material, a polyetheretherketone-based composite material, a polyetherketoneketone-based composite material, or a polyaryletherketone-based composite material.

[0009] The present invention provides a method for preparing a thermoplastic composite material, specifically, forming a coating on a thermoplastic composite material body where the coating is to be bonded;

[0010] The coating is a metal coating or a metal oxide coating.

[0011] In some specific implementations, the coating is sprayed by explosion spraying or magnetron sputtering.

[0012] In some specific implementations, before forming the coating, the method further includes pre-treating the thermoplastic composite body at the location to be bonded;

[0013] The pre-treatment includes at least one of cleaning, sandblasting, grinding and low-temperature plasma treatment.

[0014] The present invention provides a bonding workpiece, comprising a first thermoplastic composite material and a second thermoplastic composite material bonded by an adhesive;

[0015] The first thermoplastic composite material includes a first thermoplastic composite material body and a first coating formed at a bonding location of the first thermoplastic composite material;

[0016] The second thermoplastic composite material includes a second thermoplastic composite material body and a second coating formed at a bonding location of the second thermoplastic composite material;

[0017] The first coating layer and the second coating layer are independently a metal coating layer or a metal oxide coating layer.

[0018] In some specific implementations, the adhesive is at least one of an epoxy resin adhesive and a bismaleimide adhesive.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a glued workpiece, comprising:

[0020] Forming a first coating on the first thermoplastic composite body at the location to be bonded to obtain a first thermoplastic composite material; forming a second coating on the second thermoplastic composite body at the location to be bonded to obtain a second thermoplastic composite material;

[0021] The first thermoplastic composite material and the second thermoplastic composite material are bonded together using an adhesive to obtain a bonded workpiece.

[0022] The present invention forms a metal coating or a metal oxide coating at the part to be bonded of the thermoplastic composite material, thereby greatly improving the bonding performance between the thermoplastic composite materials and enhancing their application value in the aerospace field. Experimental results show that the bonding strength between the thermoplastic composite materials bonded using the method provided by the present invention is improved by 50% compared with direct bonding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of thermoplastic composite flat plate bonding. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] It should be understood that the expression "one or more of..." includes each of the items recited after the expression individually and in various different combinations of two or more of the recited items, unless otherwise understood from the context and usage. The expression "and / or" in combination with three or more recited items should be understood to have the same meaning, unless otherwise understood from the context.

[0025] The use of the terms "comprising", "having" or "containing", including their grammatical synonyms, should generally be understood as open and non-restrictive, for example not excluding other unrecited elements or steps, unless otherwise specifically stated or otherwise understood from the context.

[0026] It should be understood that the order of steps or the order in which certain actions are performed is not important as long as the present invention remains operable. In addition, two or more steps or actions may be performed simultaneously.

[0027] The use of any and all examples or exemplary language, such as "for example" or "including", herein is intended only to better illustrate the invention and does not limit the scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed. No language in this specification should be construed as indicating that any non-claimed element is essential to the practice of the invention.

[0028] In addition, the numerical ranges and parameters used to define the present invention are approximate values, and the relevant values ​​in the specific embodiments have been presented as accurately as possible. However, any numerical value inherently inevitably contains standard deviations due to individual test methods. Therefore, unless otherwise expressly stated, it should be understood that all ranges, quantities, values ​​and percentages used in this disclosure are modified by "about". Here, "about" generally means that the actual value is within plus or minus 10%, 5%, 1% or 0.5% of a specific value or range.

[0029] The present invention first provides a thermoplastic composite material, comprising a thermoplastic composite material body and a coating formed at a location to be bonded of the thermoplastic composite material body;

[0030] The coating is a metal coating or a metal oxide coating.

[0031] The inventors of the present invention have discovered that forming a metal coating or a metal oxide coating on the surface of the thermoplastic composite material to be joined can greatly improve the bonding performance between the thermoplastic composite materials. The metal coating and the metal oxide coating have strong bonding forces with the material itself and the adhesive, thereby forming a bonded thermoplastic composite workpiece with strong bonding forces.

[0032] In the present invention, the metal coating and the metal oxide coating need to be chemically stable and not easily corroded, so as to extend the service life and reliability of the bonded thermoplastic composite workpieces. In some specific implementations, the metal layer is an aluminum layer, a copper layer, a nickel layer, a chromium layer, a titanium layer or a zinc layer, preferably an aluminum layer, a copper layer or a nickel layer, and more preferably an aluminum layer. In some specific implementations, the metal oxide layer is an Al2O3 layer, a titanium oxide layer, a tin oxide layer or a ZrO2 layer, preferably an Al2O3 layer or a TiO2 layer, and more preferably an Al2O3 layer. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the titanium oxide layer can be a titanium monoxide layer or a titanium dioxide layer; the tin oxide layer can be a tin monoxide layer or a tin dioxide layer.

[0033] The thickness of the metal coating and the metal oxide coating will also affect the performance of the adhesive bonding. If the coating is too thin, the adhesion and durability will be reduced. If the coating is too thick, it is easy to cause uneven internal stress distribution and cracks. In some specific implementations, the thickness of the coating is 1 to 1000 μm, or 1 to 500 μm, or 1 to 300 μm.

[0034] In some specific implementations, the thermoplastic composite material is a polyphenylene sulfide-based composite material, a polyetheretherketone-based composite material, a polyetherketoneketone-based composite material, or a polyaryletherketone-based composite material, etc., and the present application has no special restrictions on this.

[0035] The present invention provides a method for preparing a thermoplastic composite material, wherein a coating is formed at a location where a thermoplastic composite material body is to be bonded;

[0036] The coating is a metal coating or a metal oxide coating.

[0037] Before forming a coating at the part to be bonded of the thermoplastic composite body, the present invention first preferably performs a pre-treatment operation on the part to be bonded, and the pre-treatment includes at least one of cleaning, sandblasting, grinding and low-temperature plasma treatment. The pre-treatment can remove oil and foreign matter in the area to be bonded, increase its bonding force with the coating, and thus improve the bonding strength and durability. After the pre-treatment is completed, a coating is formed at the part to be bonded of the thermoplastic composite body, and the method of forming the coating is explosion spraying or magnetron sputtering. Explosion spraying and magnetron sputtering can more effectively combine the coating dust with the thermoplastic composite material and improve the bonding performance after subsequent bonding. In some specific implementations, the parameters of the explosion spraying are as follows: the ratio of oxygen to acetylene is 1:0.2~4, the distance between the nozzle and the sample is 0.2~4m, the spraying frequency is 1~10 times / s, and the spray gun movement speed is 0.5~50cm / s. In some specific implementations, the parameters of the magnetron sputtering are as follows: the sputtering gas is argon, the argon sputtering pressure is 0.1-100 Pa, the sputtering power is 1-1000 W, the sputtering time is 10-1000 min, and the target-substrate distance is 10-1000 mm.

[0038] The present invention also provides a bonding workpiece, comprising a first thermoplastic composite material and a second thermoplastic composite material bonded by an adhesive;

[0039] The first thermoplastic composite material includes a first thermoplastic composite material body and a first coating formed at a bonding location of the first thermoplastic composite material;

[0040] The second thermoplastic composite material includes a second thermoplastic composite material body and a second coating formed at a bonding location of the second thermoplastic composite material;

[0041] The first coating layer and the second coating layer are independently a metal coating layer or a metal oxide coating layer.

[0042] In some specific implementations, the adhesive is at least one of an epoxy resin adhesive and a bismaleimide adhesive.

[0043] In the adhesively bonded workpiece provided by the present invention, a coating is formed at the locations to be bonded of the first thermoplastic composite material and the second thermoplastic composite material, and the coating is a metal coating or a metal oxide coating. As described above, the coating formed at the locations to be bonded of the thermoplastic composite material provided by the present invention can improve the bonding performance, and the present invention will not be described in detail here.

[0044] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a glued workpiece, comprising:

[0045] Forming a first coating on the first thermoplastic composite body at the location to be bonded to obtain a first thermoplastic composite material; forming a second coating on the second thermoplastic composite body at the location to be bonded to obtain a second thermoplastic composite material;

[0046] The first thermoplastic composite material and the second thermoplastic composite material are bonded together using an adhesive to obtain a bonded workpiece.

[0047] The present invention first performs a preferred pretreatment operation on the first thermoplastic composite body to be bonded and the second thermoplastic composite body to be bonded. The method and function of the pretreatment operation are the same as above, and the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0048] After the pretreatment is completed, a metal coating or a metal oxide coating is formed on the first thermoplastic composite body and the second thermoplastic composite body respectively, and then the adhesive is evenly applied to the first thermoplastic composite body and the second thermoplastic composite body, and then their relative positions are quickly fixed to obtain the bonded workpiece.

[0049] In the present invention, vacuum bag pressure, molding or other fixing methods familiar to those skilled in the art can be used to fix the first thermoplastic composite material and the second thermoplastic composite material, and the present invention has no special requirements for this. In some specific implementations, the fixing time is 2 to 24 hours, 2 to 12 hours, or 2 to 8 hours; the temperature is 20 to 180°C, 80 to 180°C, or 150 to 180°C.

[0050] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following examples. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] Two 180mm*100mm carbon fiber reinforced polyaryletherketone flat plates are used as materials to be bonded, and the bonding area of ​​each plate is 180mm*12.5mm. Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the bonding position of the two flat plates, and the dotted line position in the figure represents the bonding area after the two flat plates overlap. The areas to be bonded of the two flat plates are polished separately, and low-temperature plasma treatment is used after completion. The output power of the power supply during the low-temperature plasma treatment is 600W, the operating frequency is 50KHz, the working high voltage is 5KV, the gas medium is air, the gas pressure is 2bar, and the treatment time is 1min. After the treatment is completed, an aluminum metal layer with a thickness of 60μm is formed in the area to be bonded by explosion spraying. The ratio of oxygen and acetylene used in the explosion spraying is 1:2, the distance between the nozzle and the sample is 1m, the spraying frequency is 3 times / s, and the spray gun moves at a speed of 10cm / s. After spraying, epoxy film is used to bond the areas to be bonded of the two flat plates, and hot pressing treatment is performed at 180°C for 4h to obtain a bonding sample, which is cut into Figure 1 The 180mm*25mm glued spline in the solid line part.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Two 180mm*100mm carbon fiber reinforced polyaryletherketone flat plates are used as materials to be bonded, and the bonding area of ​​each plate is 180mm*12.5mm. Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the bonding position of the two flat plates, and the dotted line position in the figure represents the bonding area after the two flat plates overlap. The areas to be bonded of the two flat plates are polished separately, and low-temperature plasma treatment is used after completion. The output power of the power supply during the low-temperature plasma treatment is 600W, the operating frequency is 50KHz, the working high voltage is 5KV, the gas medium is air, the gas pressure is 2bar, and the treatment time is 1min. After the treatment is completed, explosion spraying is used to spray on the area to be bonded to form an aluminum metal layer with a thickness of 250μm. The ratio of oxygen and acetylene used in the explosion spraying is 1:2, the distance between the nozzle and the sample is 1m, the spraying frequency is 3 times / s, and the spray gun moves at a speed of 10cm / s. After spraying is completed, epoxy film is used to bond the areas to be bonded of the two flat plates, and hot pressing treatment is performed at 180°C for 4h to obtain a bonding sample, which is cut into Figure 1 The 180mm*25mm glued spline in the solid line part.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] Two 180mm*100mm carbon fiber reinforced polyaryletherketone flat plates are used as materials to be bonded, and the bonding area of ​​each plate is 180mm*12.5mm. Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the bonding position of the two flat plates, and the dotted line position in the figure represents the bonding area after the two flat plates overlap. The areas to be bonded of the two flat plates are polished separately, and low-temperature plasma treatment is used after completion. The output power of the power supply during the low-temperature plasma treatment is 600W, the operating frequency is 50KHz, the working high voltage is 5KV, the gas medium is air, the gas pressure is 2bar, and the treatment time is 1min. After the treatment is completed, an aluminum oxide layer with a thickness of 60μm is formed in the area to be bonded by explosion spraying. The ratio of oxygen and acetylene used in the explosion spraying is 1:3, the distance between the nozzle and the sample is 1m, the spraying frequency is 3 times / s, and the spray gun moves at a speed of 10cm / s. After spraying is completed, epoxy film is used to bond the areas to be bonded of the two flat plates, and hot pressing treatment is performed at 180°C for 4h to obtain a bonding sample, which is cut into Figure 1 The 180mm*25mm glued spline in the solid line part.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] Two 180mm*100mm carbon fiber reinforced polyaryletherketone flat plates are used as materials to be bonded, and the bonding area of ​​each plate is 180mm*12.5mm. Figure 1The figure is a schematic diagram of the bonding position of the two flat plates, and the dotted line position in the figure represents the bonding area after the two flat plates overlap. The areas to be bonded of the two flat plates are polished separately, and low-temperature plasma treatment is used after completion. The output power of the power supply during the low-temperature plasma treatment is 600W, the operating frequency is 50KHz, the working high voltage is 5KV, the gas medium is air, the gas pressure is 2bar, and the treatment time is 1min. After the treatment is completed, magnetron sputtering is used to spray on the area to be bonded to form an aluminum metal layer with a thickness of 6μm. The sputtering gas of the magnetron sputtering is argon, the argon sputtering pressure is 0.4Pa, the sputtering power is 150W, the sputtering time is 300min, and the target-substrate distance is 150mm. After spraying is completed, epoxy film is used to bond the areas to be bonded of the two flat plates, and hot pressing treatment is performed at 180°C for 4h to obtain a bonding sample, which is cut into Figure 1 The 180mm*25mm glued spline in the solid line part.

[0059] Example 5

[0060] Two 180mm*100mm carbon fiber reinforced polyaryletherketone flat plates are used as materials to be bonded, and the bonding area of ​​each plate is 180mm*12.5mm. Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the bonding position of the two flat plates, and the dotted line position in the figure represents the bonding area after the two flat plates overlap. The areas to be bonded of the two flat plates are polished separately, and low-temperature plasma treatment is used after completion. The output power of the power supply during the low-temperature plasma treatment is 600W, the operating frequency is 50KHz, the working high voltage is 5KV, the gas medium is air, the gas pressure is 2bar, and the treatment time is 1min. After the treatment is completed, magnetron sputtering is used to spray on the area to be bonded to form a copper metal layer with a thickness of 6μm. The sputtering gas of the magnetron sputtering is argon, the argon sputtering pressure is 0.4Pa, the sputtering power is 200W, the sputtering time is 300min, and the target-substrate distance is 150mm. After spraying is completed, epoxy film is used to bond the areas to be bonded of the two flat plates, and hot pressing treatment is performed at 180°C for 4h to obtain a bonding sample, which is cut into Figure 1 The 180mm*25mm glued spline in the solid line part.

[0061] Comparative Example 1

[0062] Two 180mm*100mm carbon fiber reinforced polyaryletherketone flat plates are used as materials to be bonded, and the bonding area of ​​each plate is 180mm*12.5mm. Figure 1The figure is a schematic diagram of the bonding position of the two flat plates. The dotted line in the figure represents the bonding area after the two flat plates overlap. The areas to be bonded of the two flat plates are polished separately. After completion, low-temperature plasma treatment is used. The output power of the power supply during the low-temperature plasma treatment is 600W, the operating frequency is 50KHz, the working high voltage is 5KV, the gas medium is air, the gas pressure is 2bar, and the treatment time is 1min. After the treatment is completed, epoxy film is used to bond the areas to be bonded of the two flat plates. The bonding samples are obtained by hot pressing at 180°C for 4h and cut into Figure 1 The 180mm*25mm glued spline in the solid line part.

[0063] Test Example 1

[0064] The single lap shear strength test was carried out on the bonded specimens prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1. The tensile shear rate was 1.30 mm / min. The maximum shear load was recorded during the test. The single lap shear strength (τ) of each bonded specimen was calculated using the formula τ=F / (b×l), where F is the maximum shear load of the bonded specimen, b is the width of the bonding area, and l is the length of the bonding area. The obtained data are summarized in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1. Single lap shear strength of adhesive strips prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] It can be seen from Table 1 that the method of spraying a coating on the surface of the thermoplastic composite material and then bonding it can effectively improve the bonding performance between thermoplastic composite materials, and its single lap shear strength can be increased by up to 50%.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermoplastic composite material, characterized in that: It comprises a thermoplastic composite body and a coating formed on a part of the thermoplastic composite body to be bonded; The coating is a metal coating or a metal oxide coating.

2. The thermoplastic composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that The metal coating is an aluminum layer, a copper layer, a nickel layer, a chromium layer, a titanium layer or a zinc layer; The metal oxide coating is an Al2O3 layer, a titanium oxide layer, a tin oxide layer or a ZrO2 layer.

3. The thermoplastic composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that The coating has a thickness of 1 to 1000 μm.

4. The thermoplastic composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that The thermoplastic composite material body is a polyphenylene sulfide-based composite material, a polyetheretherketone-based composite material, a polyetherketoneketone-based composite material or a polyaryletherketone-based composite material.

5. A method for preparing a thermoplastic composite material, characterized in that: forming a coating on the thermoplastic composite body where it is to be bonded; The coating is a metal coating or a metal oxide coating.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The coating is sprayed by explosion spraying or magnetron sputtering.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Before forming the coating, the method also includes pre-treating the thermoplastic composite body at the part to be bonded; The pre-treatment includes at least one of cleaning, sandblasting, grinding and low-temperature plasma treatment.

8. A glued workpiece, characterized in that: comprising a first thermoplastic composite material and a second thermoplastic composite material bonded by an adhesive; The first thermoplastic composite material includes a first thermoplastic composite material body and a first coating formed at a bonding location of the first thermoplastic composite material; The second thermoplastic composite material includes a second thermoplastic composite material body and a second coating formed at a bonding location of the second thermoplastic composite material; The first coating layer and the second coating layer are independently a metal coating layer or a metal oxide coating layer.

9. The adhesively bonded workpiece according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adhesive is at least one of an epoxy resin adhesive and a bismaleimide adhesive.

10. A method for preparing a glued workpiece, characterized in that: include: forming a first coating layer at a location to be bonded on the first thermoplastic composite body to obtain a first thermoplastic composite material; forming a second coating on the second thermoplastic composite body at the location to be bonded to obtain a second thermoplastic composite material; The first thermoplastic composite material and the second thermoplastic composite material are bonded together using an adhesive to obtain a bonded workpiece.

Images