Crust inhibitor as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of dust suppressant production, and discloses a crusting inhibitor as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The crusting inhibitor is prepared from the following raw material components: sesbania gum, a cross-linking agent, alkali liquor, a water-retaining agent, a surfactant, an auxiliary agent and water, the cross-linking agent is prepared from the following raw material components: acrylic acid, epoxy chloropropane, triethoxy silane and aminopropyl triethoxy silane. The dust suppressant provided by the invention has the characteristics of high viscosity, strong environmental protection property, good permeability, strong water retention capacity, strong wind erosion resistance, compact consolidation layer structure and high strength, and has good harbor dust suppression and surface mine use effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of dust suppressant production, and more specifically, relates to a crusting inhibitor and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Coal, iron ore, nickel ore and other materials are generally in powder form and are mostly stored in the open air at ports. Under the action of wind or during transportation, a large amount of dust will be generated, namely port dust. The pollution caused by port dust can easily lead to the destruction of ecological balance, affect the physical and mental health and life safety of people around, cause civil disputes, and shorten the service life of operating machinery. Therefore, the importance of port dust suppression is becoming more and more prominent.

[0003] At present, the main method for open-pit mines to solve road dust is to sprinkle water or spray liquid additives to suppress dust. However, the evaporation rate of water on the road is fast, the dust suppression time is short, and repeated spraying and a large amount of labor are required. This method is neither economical nor effective in dust suppression. Some existing research results are difficult to degrade, the raw materials are prone to secondary pollution, the crusting effect is poor, and they lack environmental adaptability.

[0004] Chemical dust suppressants have the advantages of good dust suppression effect, long dust suppression cycle, simple production process, high comprehensive benefits and environmental friendliness. They have become the main direction for port dust suppression and solving the current open-pit mine road dust problem.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a new encrustation inhibitor. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a crusting inhibitor and its preparation method and application in view of the deficiencies of the prior art. The dust suppressant of the present invention has the characteristics of high viscosity, strong environmental protection, good permeability, strong water retention performance, strong wind erosion resistance, compact consolidation layer structure, and high strength, and has good use effects in port dust suppression and open-pit mines.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides a crusting inhibitor, wherein the raw materials of the crusting inhibitor include the following components: sesbania gum, a cross-linking agent, an alkali solution, a water retaining agent, a surfactant, an adjuvant and water;

[0008] The raw materials of the crosslinking agent include the following components: acrylic acid, epichlorohydrin, triethoxysilane and aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0009] In the present invention, the structural formula of the sesbania gum (SG-OH) is as follows:

[0010]

[0011] The sesbania gum (SG-OH) of the present invention has a unique chemical composition and monosaccharide ratio structure, so that it is easily soluble in water, does not cause harm to the environment and organisms, and can achieve the desired effect by improving performance through physical or chemical modification.

[0012] According to the present invention, preferably, the raw materials of the encrustation inhibitor include the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of sesbania gum, 1-5 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.1-0.9 parts of alkali solution, 0.6-0.8 parts of water retaining agent, 0.6-1.6 parts of surfactant, 0.1-0.5 parts of auxiliary agent and 95-105 parts of water.

[0013] According to the present invention, preferably, the alkali solution is a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 0.1-0.3 mol / L.

[0014] According to the present invention, preferably, the water retaining agent is at least one of glycerol, polyethylene glycol and sorbitol.

[0015] In the present invention, the water retaining agent is preferably glycerol. Glycerol has strong hygroscopicity and can absorb moisture in the air and form a thin film on the surface to effectively prevent the evaporation of moisture and play a moisturizing role.

[0016] According to the present invention, preferably, the surfactant is at least one of alkyl glycoside, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and polysorbate.

[0017] In the present invention, the surfactant is preferably alkyl glycoside, which is a mild nonionic surfactant produced by dehydration of natural renewable resources fatty alcohol and glucose under an acid catalyst, has good biodegradability, and is beneficial to environmental protection.

[0018] According to the present invention, preferably, the auxiliary agent is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, citric acid and chitosan.

[0019] In the present invention, the auxiliary agent is preferably polyvinyl alcohol, which contains a large number of hydroxyl groups in its molecular structure, and thus has good water solubility, hydrophilicity, biocompatibility and excellent film-forming properties. Polyvinyl alcohol is the only degradable high molecular weight vinyl polymer in nature, and can be absorbed and degraded by bacteria and molds as a carbon source.

[0020] According to the present invention, preferably, the raw materials of the crosslinking agent include the following components in parts by weight: 0.3-1.5 parts of acrylic acid, 1-3 parts of epichlorohydrin, 0.7-2.5 parts of triethoxysilane, and 0.3-2 parts of aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0021] According to the present invention, preferably, the method for preparing the cross-linking agent comprises the following steps:

[0022] (1) acrylic acid, epichlorohydrin and water are mixed, reacted under nitrogen, filtered and vacuum dried to obtain product I;

[0023] (2) mixing product I, triethoxysilane and water, and subjecting the mixture to a hydrosilylation reaction to obtain product II;

[0024] (3) The product II is mixed with aminopropyltriethoxysilane, reacted under nitrogen conditions, filtered and vacuum dried to obtain the crosslinking agent.

[0025] According to the present invention, preferably, in the step (1), the reaction temperature is 30-150° C. and the reaction time is 1-4 h.

[0026] According to the present invention, preferably, in the step (2), the temperature of the hydrosilylation reaction is 30-150° C., and the time is 0.5-2 h.

[0027] According to the present invention, preferably, in the step (3), the reaction temperature is 30-80° C. and the reaction time is 1-4 h.

[0028] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the encrustation inhibitor, the method comprising the following steps:

[0029] S1: mixing sesbania gum with water to gelatinize to obtain a gelatinized liquid;

[0030] S2: reacting the gelatinized liquid with a cross-linking agent under alkaline conditions to obtain a reaction mixed solution;

[0031] S3: Mixing and stirring the reaction mixed solution with a water retaining agent, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent to obtain a solution of a crusting type dust suppressant.

[0032] According to the present invention, preferably, in the step S1, the gelatinization temperature is 30-80°C.

[0033] According to the present invention, preferably, in step S2, the reaction time is 0.5-3h, and the reaction temperature is 50-120°C.

[0034] The third aspect of the present invention provides the use of the encrustation inhibitor in suppressing dust in ports and / or solving dust problems on open-pit mine roads.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] The encrusting dust suppressant prepared by sesbania gum, a novel cross-linking agent, a water retaining agent, a surfactant, an auxiliary agent and deionized water has excellent permeability, can form a consolidation layer with a dense structure and high strength on the dust surface, has strong water retaining performance, wind erosion resistance and flame retardant effect, and has good overall dust suppression effect, and can effectively improve the overall adhesion ability, dust suppression effect and environmental protection effect of the dust suppressant.

[0037] The present invention synthesizes a novel cross-linking agent, introduces silicon- and nitrogen-containing groups, further increases the types and quantities of polar groups contained on the surface, and can significantly improve the wettability of dust and enhance the bonding strength. In the crusting inhibitor of the present invention, the synthesis mechanism of sesbania gum and the novel cross-linking agent is mainly formed through hydrogen bonding, and the reactants are cross-linked to form a three-dimensional network structure, and the network structure can three-dimensionally wrap the dust, which can not only improve the crusting strength, but also improve the bonding strength, greatly improve the ability to resist damage, and play a good role in consolidating dust particles. The addition of a water retaining agent and the like allows a large number of hydroxyl groups and hydrogen bonds to interact with each other to form a mutually staggered network structure. The addition of a surfactant reduces the surface tension and enables better penetration.

[0038] The dust suppressant of the present invention not only quickly wets the dust but also consolidates the particles by using a three-dimensional network structure to form a solid consolidation layer. The dust suppression efficiency is fast and high. Meanwhile, the materials used have little environmental pollution and are easily degradable.

[0039] The dust suppressant of the present invention can be applied to various types of open-pit mine transportation pavements, and provides a new dust suppression method for dust control in the current green mine construction process.

[0040] The novel cross-linking agent obtained by the present invention introduces silicon and nitrogen elements, thereby improving thermal stability, thereby enabling the dust suppressant prepared by the present invention to have a flame retardant effect.

[0041] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Figure 1A -C shows a schematic diagram of the preparation principle of a cross-linking agent in a crusting inhibitor provided by the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 The figure shows the principle diagram of preparing a crusting inhibitor provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] This embodiment provides a crusting inhibitor, wherein the raw materials of the crusting inhibitor include the following components: 2 g of sesbania gum, 2 g of a cross-linking agent, 0.35 g of a 0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 0.6 g of glycerol, 0.6 g of an alkyl glycoside, 0.1 g of polyvinyl alcohol, and 100 g of distilled water;

[0048] The raw materials of the cross-linking agent include the following components: 0.4 g of acrylic acid, 1 g of epichlorohydrin, 0.75 g of triethoxysilane and 0.5 g of aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0049] The preparation method of the cross-linking agent comprises the following steps:

[0050] (1) Acrylic acid, epichlorohydrin and 100 g of distilled water were mixed in a round-bottom flask, heated at 50° C. for 1 h under nitrogen, and filtered and vacuum dried to obtain product I;

[0051] (2) mixing product I, triethoxysilane and 100 g of distilled water, and performing a hydrosilylation reaction at 80° C. for 1 h to obtain product II;

[0052] (3) Product II and aminopropyltriethoxysilane are charged into a flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, reacted at 50° C. under nitrogen protection for 2 h, filtered and vacuum dried to obtain the crosslinking agent.

[0053] The preparation principle of the cross-linking agent is as follows Figure 1A -C.

[0054] The method for preparing the encrustation inhibitor comprises the following steps:

[0055] S1: adding sesbania gum and distilled water into a reaction kettle and gelatinizing at 30°C to obtain a gelatinized liquid;

[0056] S2: reacting the gelatinized liquid with a cross-linking agent under alkaline conditions for 1 hour at a reaction temperature of 50° C. to obtain a reaction mixed solution;

[0057] S3: Mixing and stirring the reaction mixed solution with a water retaining agent, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent to obtain a solution of a crusting type dust suppressant.

[0058] The preparation of the encrustation inhibitor is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] This embodiment provides a crusting inhibitor, wherein the raw materials of the crusting inhibitor include the following components: 3 g of sesbania gum, 2 g of a cross-linking agent, 0.28 g of a 0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 0.6 g of glycerol, 0.6 g of an alkyl glycoside, 0.1 g of polyvinyl alcohol, and 100 g of distilled water;

[0061] The raw materials of the cross-linking agent include the following components: 0.8 g of acrylic acid, 1 g of epichlorohydrin, 0.75 g of triethoxysilane and 0.5 g of aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0062] The preparation method of the cross-linking agent comprises the following steps:

[0063] (1) Acrylic acid, epichlorohydrin and 100 g of distilled water were mixed in a round-bottom flask, heated at 50° C. for 2 h under nitrogen, and filtered and vacuum dried to obtain product I;

[0064] (2) mixing product I, triethoxysilane and 100 g of distilled water, and performing a hydrosilylation reaction at 80° C. for 1 h to obtain product II;

[0065] (3) Product II and aminopropyltriethoxysilane are charged into a flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, reacted at 50° C. under nitrogen protection for 2 h, filtered and vacuum dried to obtain the crosslinking agent.

[0066] The preparation principle of the cross-linking agent is as follows Figure 1A -C.

[0067] The method for preparing the encrustation inhibitor comprises the following steps:

[0068] S1: adding sesbania gum and distilled water into a reaction kettle and gelatinizing at 40°C to obtain a gelatinized liquid;

[0069] S2: reacting the gelatinized liquid with a cross-linking agent under alkaline conditions for 2 hours at a reaction temperature of 80° C. to obtain a reaction mixed solution;

[0070] S3: Mixing and stirring the reaction mixed solution with a water retaining agent, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent to obtain a solution of a crusting type dust suppressant.

[0071] The preparation of the encrustation inhibitor is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] This embodiment provides a crusting inhibitor, wherein the raw materials of the crusting inhibitor include the following components: 3 g of sesbania gum, 2.2 g of a cross-linking agent, 0.3 g of a 0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 0.65 g of glycerol, 0.54 g of an alkyl glycoside, 0.12 g of polyvinyl alcohol, and 100 g of distilled water;

[0074] The raw materials of the cross-linking agent include the following components: 1 g of acrylic acid, 1 g of epichlorohydrin, 0.8 g of triethoxysilane and 0.5 g of aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0075] The preparation method of the cross-linking agent comprises the following steps:

[0076] (1) Acrylic acid, epichlorohydrin and 100 g of distilled water were mixed in a round-bottom flask, heated at 50° C. for 2 h under nitrogen, and filtered and vacuum dried to obtain product I;

[0077] (2) mixing product I, triethoxysilane and 100 g of distilled water, and performing a hydrosilylation reaction at 80° C. for 1 h to obtain product II;

[0078] (3) Product II and aminopropyltriethoxysilane are charged into a flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, reacted at 50° C. under nitrogen protection for 2 h, filtered and vacuum dried to obtain the crosslinking agent.

[0079] The preparation principle of the cross-linking agent is as follows Figure 1A -C.

[0080] The method for preparing the encrustation inhibitor comprises the following steps:

[0081] S1: adding sesbania gum and distilled water into a reaction kettle and gelatinizing at 40°C to obtain a gelatinized liquid;

[0082] S2: reacting the gelatinized liquid with a cross-linking agent under alkaline conditions for 2 hours at a reaction temperature of 80° C. to obtain a reaction mixed solution;

[0083] S3: Mixing and stirring the reaction mixed solution with a water retaining agent, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent to obtain a solution of a crusting type dust suppressant.

[0084] The preparation of the encrustation inhibitor is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0085] Example 4

[0086] This embodiment provides a crusting inhibitor, wherein the raw materials of the crusting inhibitor include the following components: 2 g of sesbania gum, 3 g of a cross-linking agent, 0.22 g of a 0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 0.6 g of glycerol, 0.6 g of an alkyl glycoside, 0.1 g of polyvinyl alcohol, and 100 g of distilled water;

[0087] The raw materials of the cross-linking agent include the following components: 1 g of acrylic acid, 1.2 g of epichlorohydrin, 1 g of triethoxysilane and 1 g of aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0088] The preparation method of the cross-linking agent comprises the following steps:

[0089] (1) Acrylic acid, epichlorohydrin and 100 g of distilled water were mixed in a round-bottom flask, heated at 80° C. for 2 h under nitrogen, and filtered and vacuum dried to obtain product I;

[0090] (2) Mixing product I, triethoxysilane and 100 g of distilled water, and performing a hydrosilylation reaction at 100° C. for 2 h to obtain product II;

[0091] (3) Product II and aminopropyltriethoxysilane are charged into a flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, reacted at 80° C. under nitrogen protection for 1 hour, filtered and vacuum dried to obtain the cross-linking agent.

[0092] The preparation principle of the cross-linking agent is as follows Figure 1A -C.

[0093] The method for preparing the encrustation inhibitor comprises the following steps:

[0094] S1: adding sesbania gum and distilled water into a reaction kettle and gelatinizing at 40°C to obtain a gelatinized liquid;

[0095] S2: reacting the gelatinized liquid with a cross-linking agent under alkaline conditions for 1 hour at a reaction temperature of 100° C. to obtain a reaction mixed solution;

[0096] S3: Mixing and stirring the reaction mixed solution with a water retaining agent, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent to obtain a solution of a crusting type dust suppressant.

[0097] The preparation of the encrustation inhibitor is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0098] Example 5

[0099] This embodiment provides a crusting inhibitor, wherein the raw materials of the crusting inhibitor include the following components: 2.5 g of sesbania gum, 2 g of a cross-linking agent, 0.24 g of a 0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 0.6 g of glycerol, 0.6 g of an alkyl glycoside, 0.1 g of polyvinyl alcohol, and 100 g of distilled water;

[0100] The raw materials of the cross-linking agent include the following components: 0.5 g of acrylic acid, 1.2 g of epichlorohydrin, 1 g of triethoxysilane and 1 g of aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0101] The preparation method of the cross-linking agent comprises the following steps:

[0102] (1) Acrylic acid, epichlorohydrin and 100 g of distilled water were mixed in a round-bottom flask, heated at 80° C. for 2 h under nitrogen, and filtered and vacuum dried to obtain product I;

[0103] (2) Mixing product I, triethoxysilane and 100 g of distilled water, and subjecting the mixture to a hydrosilylation reaction at 100° C. for 1 h to obtain product II;

[0104] (3) Product II and aminopropyltriethoxysilane are charged into a flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, reacted at 80° C. under nitrogen protection for 3 hours, filtered and vacuum dried to obtain the cross-linking agent.

[0105] The preparation principle of the cross-linking agent is as follows Figure 1A -C.

[0106] The method for preparing the encrustation inhibitor comprises the following steps:

[0107] S1: adding sesbania gum and distilled water into a reaction kettle and gelatinizing at 45°C to obtain a gelatinized liquid;

[0108] S2: reacting the gelatinized liquid with a cross-linking agent under alkaline conditions for 2 hours at a reaction temperature of 100° C. to obtain a reaction mixed solution;

[0109] S3: Mixing and stirring the reaction mixed solution with a water retaining agent, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent to obtain a solution of a crusting type dust suppressant.

[0110] The preparation of the encrustation inhibitor is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0111] Example 6

[0112] This embodiment provides a crusting inhibitor, wherein the raw materials of the crusting inhibitor include the following components: 3 g of sesbania gum, 3 g of a cross-linking agent, 0.3 g of a 0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 0.6 g of glycerol, 0.6 g of an alkyl glycoside, 0.1 g of polyvinyl alcohol, and 100 g of distilled water;

[0113] The raw materials of the cross-linking agent include the following components: 1.5 g of acrylic acid, 1.2 g of epichlorohydrin, 1 g of triethoxysilane and 1 g of aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0114] The preparation method of the cross-linking agent comprises the following steps:

[0115] (1) Acrylic acid, epichlorohydrin and 100 g of distilled water were mixed in a round-bottom flask, heated at 80° C. for 2 h under nitrogen, and filtered and vacuum dried to obtain product I;

[0116] (2) Mixing product I, triethoxysilane and 100 g of distilled water, and subjecting the mixture to a hydrosilylation reaction at 100° C. for 1 h to obtain product II;

[0117] (3) Product II and aminopropyltriethoxysilane are charged into a flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, reacted at 80° C. under nitrogen protection for 2 h, filtered and vacuum dried to obtain the cross-linking agent.

[0118] The preparation principle of the cross-linking agent is as follows Figure 1A -C.

[0119] The method for preparing the encrustation inhibitor comprises the following steps:

[0120] S1: adding sesbania gum and distilled water into a reaction kettle and gelatinizing at 60°C to obtain a gelatinized liquid;

[0121] S2: reacting the gelatinized liquid with a cross-linking agent under alkaline conditions for 2 hours at a reaction temperature of 100° C. to obtain a reaction mixed solution;

[0122] S3: Mixing and stirring the reaction mixed solution with a water retaining agent, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent to obtain a solution of a crusting type dust suppressant.

[0123] The preparation of the encrustation inhibitor is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0124] Example 7

[0125] This embodiment provides a crusting inhibitor, wherein the raw materials of the crusting inhibitor include the following components: 4 g of sesbania gum, 3 g of a cross-linking agent, 0.25 g of a 0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 0.6 g of glycerol, 0.6 g of an alkyl glycoside, 0.1 g of polyvinyl alcohol, and 100 g of distilled water;

[0126] The raw materials of the cross-linking agent include the following components: 1.5 g of acrylic acid, 2 g of epichlorohydrin, 2.2 g of triethoxysilane and 1.5 g of aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0127] The preparation method of the cross-linking agent comprises the following steps:

[0128] (1) Acrylic acid, epichlorohydrin and 100 g of distilled water were mixed in a round-bottom flask, heated at 120° C. for 3 h under nitrogen, and filtered and vacuum dried to obtain product I;

[0129] (2) Mixing product I, triethoxysilane and 100 g of distilled water, and subjecting the mixture to a hydrosilylation reaction at 100° C. for 1.5 h to obtain product II;

[0130] (3) Product II and aminopropyltriethoxysilane are charged into a flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, reacted at 80° C. under nitrogen protection for 2 h, filtered and vacuum dried to obtain the cross-linking agent.

[0131] The preparation principle of the cross-linking agent is as follows Figure 1A -C.

[0132] The method for preparing the encrustation inhibitor comprises the following steps:

[0133] S1: adding sesbania gum and distilled water into a reaction kettle and gelatinizing at 50°C to obtain a gelatinized liquid;

[0134] S2: reacting the gelatinized liquid with a cross-linking agent under alkaline conditions for 3 hours at a reaction temperature of 100° C. to obtain a reaction mixed solution;

[0135] S3: Mixing and stirring the reaction mixed solution with a water retaining agent, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent to obtain a solution of a crusting type dust suppressant.

[0136] The preparation of the encrustation inhibitor is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0137] Example 8

[0138] This embodiment provides a crusting inhibitor, wherein the raw materials of the crusting inhibitor include the following components: 3.5 g of sesbania gum, 2.5 g of a cross-linking agent, 0.25 g of a 0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 0.6 g of glycerol, 0.6 g of an alkyl glycoside, 0.1 g of polyvinyl alcohol, and 100 g of distilled water;

[0139] The raw materials of the cross-linking agent include the following components: 1.2 g of acrylic acid, 2.3 g of epichlorohydrin, 2.2 g of triethoxysilane and 1.5 g of aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0140] The preparation method of the cross-linking agent comprises the following steps:

[0141] (1) Acrylic acid, epichlorohydrin and 100 g of distilled water were mixed in a round-bottom flask, heated at 120° C. for 2.5 h under nitrogen, and filtered and vacuum dried to obtain product I;

[0142] (2) Mixing product I, triethoxysilane and 100 g of distilled water, and subjecting the mixture to a hydrosilylation reaction at 100° C. for 1.5 h to obtain product II;

[0143] (3) Product II and aminopropyltriethoxysilane are charged into a flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, reacted at 80° C. under nitrogen protection for 2 h, filtered and vacuum dried to obtain the cross-linking agent.

[0144] The preparation principle of the cross-linking agent is as follows Figure 1A -C.

[0145] The method for preparing the encrustation inhibitor comprises the following steps:

[0146] S1: adding sesbania gum and distilled water into a reaction kettle and gelatinizing at 60°C to obtain a gelatinized liquid;

[0147] S2: reacting the gelatinized liquid with a cross-linking agent under alkaline conditions for 2 hours at a reaction temperature of 100° C. to obtain a reaction mixed solution;

[0148] S3: Mixing and stirring the reaction mixed solution with a water retaining agent, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent to obtain a solution of a crusting type dust suppressant.

[0149] The preparation of the encrustation inhibitor is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0150] Example 9

[0151] This embodiment provides a crusting inhibitor, wherein the raw materials of the crusting inhibitor include the following components: 1.8 g of sesbania gum, 2.5 g of a cross-linking agent, 0.3 g of a 0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 0.6 g of glycerol, 0.6 g of an alkyl glycoside, 0.1 g of polyvinyl alcohol, and 100 g of distilled water;

[0152] The raw materials of the cross-linking agent include the following components: 0.6 g of acrylic acid, 1 g of epichlorohydrin, 2 g of triethoxysilane and 0.6 g of aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0153] The preparation method of the cross-linking agent comprises the following steps:

[0154] (1) Acrylic acid, epichlorohydrin and 100 g of distilled water were mixed in a round-bottom flask, heated at 100° C. for 2 h under nitrogen, and filtered and vacuum dried to obtain product I;

[0155] (2) Mixing product I, triethoxysilane and 100 g of distilled water, and subjecting the mixture to a hydrosilylation reaction at 100° C. for 1.5 h to obtain product II;

[0156] (3) Product II and aminopropyltriethoxysilane are charged into a flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, reacted at 80° C. under nitrogen protection for 2 h, filtered and vacuum dried to obtain the cross-linking agent.

[0157] The preparation principle of the cross-linking agent is as follows Figure 1A -C.

[0158] The method for preparing the encrustation inhibitor comprises the following steps:

[0159] S1: adding sesbania gum and distilled water into a reaction kettle and gelatinizing at 60°C to obtain a gelatinized liquid;

[0160] S2: reacting the gelatinized liquid with a cross-linking agent under alkaline conditions for 1 hour at a reaction temperature of 120° C. to obtain a reaction mixed solution;

[0161] S3: Mixing and stirring the reaction mixed solution with a water retaining agent, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent to obtain a solution of a crusting type dust suppressant.

[0162] The preparation of the encrustation inhibitor is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0163] Example 10

[0164] This embodiment provides a crusting inhibitor, wherein the raw materials of the crusting inhibitor include the following components: 3.5 g of sesbania gum, 2.5 g of a cross-linking agent, 0.2 g of a 0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 0.6 g of glycerol, 0.6 g of an alkyl glycoside, 0.1 g of polyvinyl alcohol, and 100 g of distilled water;

[0165] The raw materials of the cross-linking agent include the following components: 1.2 g of acrylic acid, 2.3 g of epichlorohydrin, 2.2 g of triethoxysilane and 1.5 g of aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0166] The preparation method of the cross-linking agent comprises the following steps:

[0167] (1) Acrylic acid, epichlorohydrin and 100 g of distilled water were mixed in a round-bottom flask, heated at 120° C. for 2.5 h under nitrogen, and filtered and vacuum dried to obtain product I;

[0168] (2) Mixing product I, triethoxysilane and 100 g of distilled water, and subjecting the mixture to a hydrosilylation reaction at 100° C. for 1.5 h to obtain product II;

[0169] (3) Product II and aminopropyltriethoxysilane are charged into a flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, reacted at 80° C. under nitrogen protection for 2 h, filtered and vacuum dried to obtain the cross-linking agent.

[0170] The preparation principle of the cross-linking agent is as follows Figure 1A -C.

[0171] The method for preparing the encrustation inhibitor comprises the following steps:

[0172] S1: adding sesbania gum and distilled water into a reaction kettle and gelatinizing at 60°C to obtain a gelatinized liquid;

[0173] S2: reacting the gelatinized liquid with a cross-linking agent under alkaline conditions for 2 hours at a reaction temperature of 100° C. to obtain a reaction mixed solution;

[0174] S3: Mixing and stirring the reaction mixed solution with a water retaining agent, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent to obtain a solution of a crusting type dust suppressant.

[0175] The preparation of the encrustation inhibitor is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0176] Test Case

[0177] This test example tests the encrusting dust suppressants of the above-mentioned embodiments, wherein:

[0178] (1) Test of the thickness of the consolidated layer: Weigh an appropriate amount of dust sample dried to a constant weight, place it in a crystallization dish, make the surface of the dust sample flat, and use a scraper to level it. Then, spray the inhibitor of Examples 1 to 10 evenly on the surface of each group of dust samples (the spraying amount is 2 kg / m 2 ), after drying, measure the thickness of the cured layer at any three locations and take the average value.

[0179] (2) Water retention performance test: Weigh an appropriate amount of dust sample dried to a constant weight, place it in a crystallization dish, make the surface of the dust sample flat, and use a scraper to level it. Then, spray the inhibitor of Examples 1 to 10 evenly on the surface of each group of dust samples (the spraying amount is 2 kg / m 2 ), weigh and record the mass as W1 (in g), evaporate at room temperature, weigh once after 72 hours and record it as W2, W3 is the total mass of the sprayed dust inhibitor, and the water retention rate is calculated as follows: A = [(W1-W2) / W3] × 100%.

[0180] (3) Wind erosion resistance test: Weigh an appropriate amount of dust sample dried to a constant weight, place it in a crystallization dish, make the surface of the dust sample flat, and use a scraper to level it. Then, spray the inhibitors of Examples 1 to 10 evenly on the surface of each group of dust samples (the spraying amount is 2 kg / m 2 ), weigh and record the mass as M1 after drying, then select 15m / s wind speed for anti-wind erosion test, use blower to blow the dust consolidation layer horizontally for 2h, weigh and record the mass as M2, calculate the wind erosion rate formula: B = [(M1-M2) / M1] × 100%.

[0181] (4) Rain erosion resistance test: The dust sample was passed through a 100-mesh sieve and placed in a culture medium and dried to constant weight. 2Spray the inhibitor solution of Examples 1-10 in an amount, and weigh it after the dust sample surface is dry and a solidified layer is formed. Use indoor spraying equipment to simulate natural rainfall. Connect one end of the hose to a water pipe as the water inlet, control the flow rate at the sprinkler end to maintain 4L / (S·m), and spray continuously for 10 minutes at a distance of 0.5m directly above the culture dish. After spraying, put it in a box to dry to constant weight and weigh it. Perform three sets of parallel tests to get the average value. Carry out 5 simulated rain tests and calculate the rain rate. The calculation formula for rain erosion rate is as follows: B = (m0-m) / M-100%. B is the rain erosion rate, %; m0 is the mass of the culture before simulated rainfall, g; m is the mass of the culture dish after n simulated rainfalls, g; M is the mass of the soil, g.

[0182] The inhibitors of Examples 1-10 were compared with the performance indicators of commercially available high-molecular chemical polymer dust suppressants commonly used at this stage (commercially available chemical dust suppressant 1 was purchased from Jinan Tianbo Chemical Co., Ltd. VAE707, and commercially available chemical dust suppressant 2 was purchased from Guangzhou Yinhuan Chemical Co., Ltd. 102H). Through rigorous experiments, the experimental results are as follows: The dust suppressants of Examples 1-10 have improved dust suppression effects, environmental protection effects and adhesion performance compared with commercially available dust suppressants.

[0183] The performance test results of the inhibitors of Examples 1-10 are as follows:

[0184] Table 1 Dust suppressant performance test results (copper powder)

[0185]

[0186] Table 2 Dust suppressant performance test results (iron ore powder)

[0187]

[0188] Table 3 Dust suppressant performance test results (coal powder)

[0189]

[0190] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A crusting inhibitor, characterized in that The raw materials of the encrustation inhibitor include the following components: sesbania gum, a cross-linking agent, an alkali solution, a water retaining agent, a surfactant, an auxiliary agent and water; The raw materials of the crosslinking agent include the following components: acrylic acid, epichlorohydrin, triethoxysilane and aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

2. The encrustation inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein The raw materials of the encrustation inhibitor include the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of sesbania gum, 1-5 parts of a cross-linking agent, 0.1-0.9 parts of alkali solution, 0.6-0.8 parts of a water retaining agent, 0.6-1.6 parts of a surfactant, 0.1-0.5 parts of an auxiliary agent and 95-105 parts of water.

3. The encrustation inhibitor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The alkali solution is a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and the concentration of sodium hydroxide in the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 0.1-0.3 mol / L; The water retaining agent is at least one of glycerol, polyethylene glycol and sorbitol; The surfactant is at least one of alkyl glycoside, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and polysorbate; The auxiliary agent is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, xanthan gum, citric acid and chitosan.

4. The encrustation inhibitor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The raw materials of the crosslinking agent include the following components in parts by weight: 0.3-1.5 parts of acrylic acid, 1-3 parts of epichlorohydrin, 0.7-2.5 parts of triethoxysilane, and 0.3-2 parts of aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

5. The encrustation inhibitor according to claim 4, wherein The preparation method of the cross-linking agent comprises the following steps: (1) acrylic acid, epichlorohydrin and water are mixed, reacted under nitrogen, filtered and vacuum dried to obtain product I; (2) mixing product I, triethoxysilane and water, and subjecting the mixture to a hydrosilylation reaction to obtain product II; (3) The product II is mixed with aminopropyltriethoxysilane, reacted under nitrogen conditions, filtered and vacuum dried to obtain the crosslinking agent.

6. The encrustation inhibitor according to claim 5, wherein In the step (1), the reaction temperature is 30-150° C. and the reaction time is 1-4 h; In step (2), the temperature of the hydrosilylation reaction is 30-150° C. and the time is 0.5-2 h; In the step (3), the reaction temperature is 30-80°C and the reaction time is 1-4h.

7. The method for preparing a crusting inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1: mixing sesbania gum with water to gelatinize to obtain a gelatinized liquid; S2: reacting the gelatinized liquid with a cross-linking agent under alkaline conditions to obtain a reaction mixed solution; S3: Mixing and stirring the reaction mixed solution with a water retaining agent, a surfactant and an auxiliary agent to obtain a solution of a crusting type dust suppressant.

8. The method for preparing a crusting inhibitor according to claim 7, wherein: In the step S1, the gelatinization temperature is 30-80°C.

9. The method for preparing a crusting inhibitor according to claim 7, wherein: In step S2, the reaction time is 0.5-3h, and the reaction temperature is 50-120°C.

10. Use of the encrustation inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in suppressing dust in ports and / or solving dust problems on open-pit mine roads.

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