Urban tunnel open section road structure adjacent to subway tunnel

Abstract

The invention relates to an urban tunnel open section road structure adjacent to a subway tunnel, and belongs to the technical field of urban subway traffic engineering. The road structure constructed based on the urban tunnel open section comprises a supporting frame and a top plate, the supporting frame comprises supporting columns and a supporting beam, the supporting columns are supported between the supporting beam and a tunnel foundation, and the two ends of the supporting beam are supported by two tunnel side walls of an existing tunnel respectively; the top plate is provided with a supporting face flush with the pavement of the existing road and fixedly connected with the supporting beam. The supporting columns correspond to supporting wall bodies on the inner side of the existing tunnel in position, in the height direction of the existing tunnel, the size between the connecting positions of the supporting columns and the supporting beams and the tunnel ground of the existing tunnel is H, the size between the connecting positions of the supporting beams and the tunnel side walls and the tunnel ground is h, and H is larger than h. According to the urban tunnel open section road structure adjacent to the subway tunnel, the change of stress structures of the urban tunnel and the subway tunnel caused by road transformation can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of urban subway traffic engineering, and in particular to an open section road structure of an urban tunnel adjacent to a subway tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Urban tunnels are buildings that pass through the city underground to meet the needs of railways passing through large cities. They mainly include underground railway tunnels, urban highway tunnels and urban railway tunnels.

[0003] In order to meet the needs of urban road planning and function improvement, it is necessary to transform the U-shaped trough section of the urban tunnel into a closed section, so that the top of the U-shaped trough section of the tunnel becomes a passable road. In the "Discussion on the Closing and Reconstruction Plan of the Open Section of Urban Tunnels" published in the journal "Special Structures" (Xu Yanling-December 2019-Volume 36-Issue 6), a method of closing the open section of the urban tunnel into a square for pedestrians to pass is recorded. This method adds a main beam to the top of the existing tunnel and directly covers the top of the main beam with soil to form a square. When this method is applied to urban tunnels with more complex surrounding environments (especially urban tunnels adjacent to subways), it may change the overall stress state of the open section of the tunnel (i.e., the U-shaped trough section). On the one hand, the bottom wall of the tunnel is subjected to additional stress that deviates from the tunnel foundation area where it is subjected to concentrated stress, increasing the risk of deformation and damage of the tunnel foundation. On the other hand, the stress on the side walls of the tunnel is increased, increasing the risk of deformation and damage of the side walls of the tunnel. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide an open section road structure of an urban tunnel adjacent to a subway tunnel in order to address the above-mentioned problems, so as to reduce the changes in the load-bearing structure of the existing tunnel caused by road reconstruction, thereby improving the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] This application is achieved through the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, the present application provides an open section road structure of an urban tunnel adjacent to a subway tunnel, which is arranged in a U-shaped open section of an existing tunnel adjacent to the subway tunnel located between two existing roads. The road structure constructed based on the open section of the urban tunnel includes multiple support frames and a top plate, multiple support frames, the support frames include support columns and support beams, the support columns are supported between the support beams and the tunnel foundation, and the two ends of the support beams are respectively supported by two tunnel side walls of the existing tunnel; the top plate has a support surface flush with the road surface of the existing road, and the top plate is fixedly connected to the support beam; wherein the multiple support frames are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the existing tunnel, the support columns correspond to the positions of the support walls on the inner side of the existing tunnel, and in the height direction of the existing tunnel, the dimension between the connection position of the support columns and the support beams to the tunnel ground of the existing tunnel is H, and the dimension between the connection position of the support beams and the tunnel side walls to the tunnel ground is h, satisfying that H>h.

[0006] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the top plate has a supporting surface flush with the road surface of the existing road, the supporting surface can support the passage of pedestrians, vehicles, etc., so that the top plate can be used as a road, the top plate is fixedly connected to the support beam, the support beam is supported by points from the support column and the tunnel side wall, and then the support beam supports the top plate through the contact surface between itself and the top plate, so that the supporting force from the support beam on the top plate is evenly dispersed on the contact surface between itself and the support beam, reducing the risk of local deformation or damage of the top plate due to stress concentration; in the height direction of the existing tunnel, the dimension between the connection position of the support column and the support beam to the tunnel ground of the existing tunnel is H, and the dimension between the connection position of the support beam and the tunnel side wall to the tunnel ground is h. When H>h is satisfied, most of the weight of the top plate and the support beam can be concentrated The support columns are used to reduce the pressure exerted on the tunnel side walls by the roof and support beams, thereby reducing the risk of deformation and damage of the tunnel side walls due to excessive pressure. In addition, the support columns correspond to the positions of the support walls on the inner side of the existing tunnel. The support columns, which bear most of the weight of the roof and support beams, transfer the pressure to the tunnel foundation, and the positions where the pressure is applied correspond to the positions of the support walls of the existing tunnel. The tunnel foundation can withstand the pressure from the support columns more stably, and the force-bearing structure of the tunnel foundation remains unchanged, thereby reducing the risk of deformation and damage of the tunnel bottom wall below the tunnel foundation due to the different positions of multiple forces from the tunnel foundation. In addition, the support columns support the middle part of the support beams, thereby reducing the risk of bending and deformation of the support beams and the roof due to the large span of their own suspended parts under the action of gravity.

[0007] In some embodiments, a foundation member is further included, which is arranged on the bottom wall of an existing tunnel, and support columns of a plurality of support frames are inserted into the foundation member at one end away from the support beam, and the foundation member is buried in the tunnel foundation.

[0008] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a foundation member is arranged on the tunnel bottom wall of an existing tunnel, and one end of a plurality of support columns of a support frame facing away from the support beam is inserted into the foundation member. The plurality of support columns are connected to the tunnel bottom wall through the foundation member, thereby improving the connection stability between the support columns and the tunnel bottom wall and limiting the movement of the support columns. The foundation member is buried in the tunnel foundation, and the tunnel foundation can effectively position the foundation member.

[0009] In some embodiments, the support beam includes a reinforcement section and a connection section, the portion of the support beam connected to the support column and the tunnel side wall is the reinforcement section, and the connection section is connected between any two adjacent reinforcement sections.

[0010] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the support beam includes a reinforcement section and a connecting section. The strength of the reinforcement section is higher than that of the connecting section, and the weight and cost of the connecting section are lower than those of the reinforcement section. The part where the support beam is connected to the support column and the tunnel side wall is the reinforcement section, and the part where the support beam is connected to the support column and the tunnel side wall is the load concentration area. The reinforcement section can reduce the probability of damage to the load concentration area due to internal stress and other forces, thereby improving the overall service life of the support beam. The connecting section is connected between any two adjacent reinforcement sections, so that the weight of the support beam is lighter, which is convenient for transportation and assembly, while reducing the cost of the support beam and reducing the production cost of the support beam.

[0011] In some embodiments, in the height direction of the support frame, the size of the support beam is L1, satisfying 0.5m≤L1≤0.7m, and the size of the top plate is L2, satisfying 0.2m≤L2≤0.3m.

[0012] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, in the height direction of the support frame, the size of the support beam is L1, and the size of the top plate is L2. When 0.5m≤L1≤0.7m and 0.2m≤L2≤0.3m are satisfied, the strength of the support beam and the top plate is sufficient to maintain their own structure from deformation. At the same time, the space occupied by the tunnel in its own height direction is relatively small, and the remaining height of the tunnel can meet the traffic needs of vehicles.

[0013] In some embodiments, the top plate is a cast-in-place plate, the support beams are prefabricated beams, the support columns are steel pipes, and the cross-section of the support columns is rectangular.

[0014] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the top plate is large in size and difficult to transport. The top plate is a cast-in-place plate, which saves transportation costs, and the operator can timely adjust the amount of concrete used for pouring and the pouring position to make the formed support surface flush with the pavement of the existing road; the support beam is a prefabricated beam, which can be quickly assembled at the construction site, eliminating the time for pouring and waiting for air drying and hardening, saving construction time; the support column is a steel pipe, and the cross-section of the support column is rectangular, so that the support column has good structural stability.

[0015] In some embodiments, a plurality of transverse connecting plates are further included, wherein a transverse connecting plate is disposed between any two adjacent supporting beams among the plurality of supporting beams, and the transverse connecting plate is fixedly connected to the supporting beams and the top plate.

[0016] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a cross-connecting plate is arranged between any two adjacent support beams among the multiple support beams, and the cross-connecting plate is fixedly connected to the support beams and the top plate. On the one hand, the multiple support beams are connected by the cross-connecting plate, which enhances the integrity of the multiple support beams and reduces the risk of deformation and damage of a single support beam; on the other hand, the top plate is connected to the support beams by the cross-connecting plate, which enhances the connection strength between the top plate and the support beams.

[0017] In some embodiments, it also includes a side support, the support beam and the tunnel side wall are connected through the side support, and the side support includes a first plate, a second plate, a deformable part and a wear-resistant part; the first plate is fixedly connected to the support beam; the second plate is fixedly connected to the tunnel side wall, and a convex ring is provided on the surface of the second plate facing the first plate; the deformable part and the wear-resistant part are stacked on the inner side of the convex ring, and part of the deformable part exceeds the convex ring and is connected to the first plate; wherein the first plate presses the deformable part and the wear-resistant part against the second plate.

[0018] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a convex ring is provided on the surface of the second plate facing the first plate; the deformable part and the wear-resistant part are stacked on the inner side of the convex ring, the convex ring limits the displacement of the deformation and the wear-resistant part on the second plate, part of the deformable part extends beyond the convex ring and is connected to the first plate, and the first plate can deform the deformable part by squeezing it to buffer the vibration of the support beam connected to itself.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first plate is provided with a plurality of first through holes, and the plurality of first through holes are arranged along the width direction of the support beam; the second plate is provided with a plurality of second through holes, and the plurality of second through holes are arranged along the width direction of the support beam; the first through holes and the second through holes extend along the length direction of the support beam, and the plurality of first through holes correspond one-to-one to the plurality of second through holes; the side support also includes a plurality of first limiting members, the first limiting members are elastic and connected end to end, the first limiting members pass through the first through hole and the second through hole, the plurality of first limiting members correspond one-to-one to the plurality of first through holes, and the plurality of first limiting members correspond one-to-one to the plurality of second through holes.

[0020] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first limit member enables the first plate and the second plate to clamp the deformable member through the first through hole and the second through hole. The first limit member can limit the relative displacement of the first plate and the second plate in the thickness direction of the support beam during an earthquake, thereby reducing the amplification of the vibration of the top plate on the support beam caused by the vibration of the tunnel side wall during an earthquake, and reducing the risk of the top plate colliding with the tunnel side wall or the existing road; when the first plate, the deformable member and the second plate are aligned, the first limit member is straightened, and when the side support is subjected to thrust, the first plate, the deformable member and the second plate undergo relative displacement in the length direction of the support beam, the first plate and the second plate are in the first The deformable member is squeezed and deformed under the pulling of the limiting member, and the combined force of the elastic force of the deformable member, the pressure applied by the first limiting member on the first plate and the second plate, and the thrust received by the side support offset each other; when the thrust driving the first plate, the deformable member and the second plate to undergo relative displacement in the length direction of the support beam disappears, the pressure applied by the first limiting member to the first plate and the second plate and the elastic force of the deformable member push the first plate, the deformable member and the second plate to move in the opposite direction of the previous relative displacement to reset, so that the first plate, the deformable member and the second plate can be in an aligned state for a long time, and the supporting force applied by the tunnel side wall to the support beam can be parallel to the gravity direction of the support beam.

[0021] In some embodiments, it also includes a middle support, through which the support beam and the support column are connected, and the middle support includes a third plate, a fourth plate and a support body, the third plate is fixedly connected to the support beam; the fourth plate is fixedly connected to the support column; the two ends of the support body are respectively connected to the third plate and the fourth plate; wherein the third plate presses the support body against the fourth plate.

[0022] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the middle support also includes a plurality of limit assemblies, and the plurality of limit assemblies are arranged around the support body. The limit assemblies include a second limit piece, a limit ring, a limit sleeve and an elastic piece. The limit ring and the elastic piece are arranged on the fourth plate, and the elastic piece is located on the inner side of the limit ring. The end of the elastic piece facing away from the fourth plate is connected to the limit sleeve. The limit sleeve is liftably mounted on the limit ring along the thickness direction of the support beam, and the two ends of the second limit piece are respectively connected to the third plate and the limit sleeve.

[0023] In some embodiments, the middle support also includes multiple limit assemblies, and the multiple limit assemblies are arranged around the support body. The limit assemblies include a second limit member, a limit ring, a limit sleeve and an elastic member. The limit ring and the elastic member are arranged on the fourth plate, and the elastic member is located on the inner side of the limit ring. The end of the elastic member facing away from the fourth plate is connected to the limit sleeve. The limit sleeve is liftably mounted on the limit ring along the thickness direction of the support beam, and the two ends of the second limit member are respectively connected to the third plate and the limit sleeve.

[0024] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, multiple limit assemblies are arranged around the support body to limit the horizontal movement of the third plate relative to the fourth plate, so that the direction of the support force of the support column on the support beam is parallel to the vertical direction, which can effectively offset the gravity of the top plate and reduce the risk of bending and deformation of the support beam due to the deviation of the support direction; the limit ring and the elastic member are arranged on the fourth plate, the elastic member is located on the inner side of the limit ring, and the end of the elastic member facing away from the fourth plate is connected to the limit sleeve, and the limit sleeve is liftably mounted on the limit ring along the thickness direction of the support beam, and the two ends of the second limit member are respectively connected to the third plate and the limit sleeve, and the cooperation of the limit sleeve and the limit ring limits the extension or shortening of the elastic member in the vertical direction, and the elastic member can absorb the energy brought by the vibration of the third plate relative to the fourth plate in the vertical direction, reduce the energy applied to the support beam by the vibration of the support column during an earthquake, and reduce the risk of damage to the support beam due to excessive amplitude during an earthquake.

[0025] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an existing tunnel provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a U-shaped groove section of an existing tunnel provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 A perspective view of the internal structure of an existing tunnel provided for some embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 A side view of a top plate and support beams provided for some embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the side support provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional view of an edge support provided for some embodiments of the present application; Figure 7 A front view of an edge support provided for some embodiments of the present application; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a middle support provided in some embodiments of the present application; Fig. 9 A partial structural schematic diagram of a middle support provided in some embodiments of the present application; Fig.10 A front view of a middle support provided for some embodiments of the present application; Fig.11 for Fig.10 Sectional view at AA in the middle; Fig.12 This is a waveform diagram of an artificial seismic wave under the action of the rare earthquake E2; Fig.13 for Fig.12 The shear force waveform of the supporting column after the artificial seismic wave is input into the structure of the ordinary support; Fig.14 for Fig.12 The shear force waveform diagram of the support column after the artificial seismic wave in the road structure provided by the present application is input; Fig.15 for Fig.12 The displacement waveform of the main beam after the artificial seismic wave is input into the road structure with ordinary bearings; Fig.16 for Fig.12The displacement waveform diagram of the main beam after the artificial seismic wave is input into the road structure provided in this application.

[0028] Icons: 1-existing road; 2-existing tunnel; 20-tunnel side wall; 21-tunnel bottom wall; 22-tunnel foundation; 220-tunnel ground; 3-support frame; 30-support column; 31-support beam; 310-reinforcement section; 311-connecting section; 4-top plate; 40-support surface; 5-foundation member; 6-cross plate; 7-side support; 70-first plate; 700-first through hole; 71-second plate; 710-second through hole; 711-convex ring; 72-deformation member; 73-wear-resistant member; 74-first limit member; 8-middle support; 80-third plate; 81-fourth plate; 82-support body; 83-limiting assembly; 830-second limit member; 831-limiting ring; 832-limiting sleeve; 833-elastic member; 9-subway tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of this application; the terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary and secondary relationship.

[0031] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] The term "and / or" in this application is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0034] The term "multiple" as used in the present application refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, the term "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and the term "multiple sheets" refers to more than two sheets (including two sheets).

[0035] The inventors of the present invention have noticed that when the U-shaped trough section of an existing tunnel is transformed into a closed cross-section structure for top traffic, only covering the top of the U-shaped trough section of the existing tunnel with a top plate will increase the risk of deformation and damage to the existing tunnel. For example, the force on the tunnel side wall of the existing tunnel increases, and the tunnel side wall may be deformed or damaged due to excessive pressure, and the position of the additional stress on the tunnel bottom wall deviates from the tunnel foundation area used to bear the stress, resulting in damage to the tunnel bottom wall.

[0036] In order to reduce the risk of damage to existing tunnels due to road reconstruction, the inventors, after in-depth research, designed a road structure that spans an existing tunnel. Support columns that are higher than the tunnel side walls are set below the top plate, so that the weight of the top plate can be mainly concentrated on the support columns, reducing the pressure on the tunnel side walls and the risk of damage to the tunnel side walls due to excessive pressure. By making the support columns correspond to the positions of the supporting walls on the inner side of the existing tunnel, the weight of the added top plate and support columns can act on the tunnel foundation that is used to bear the pressure, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the tunnel bottom wall.

[0037] The structure of the U-shaped groove of the existing tunnel 2 includes a tunnel side wall 20, a tunnel bottom wall 21 and a tunnel foundation 22. The two tunnel side walls 20 are respectively located on both sides of the tunnel bottom wall 21. The tunnel foundation 22 is a soil layer laid on the tunnel bottom wall 21, and the tunnel ground 220 is the top surface of the tunnel foundation 22 for vehicles to pass through.

[0038] According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, Figure 1~Figure 2As shown, the present application provides an open section road structure of an urban tunnel adjacent to a subway tunnel, which is arranged in a U-shaped open section of an existing tunnel 2 adjacent to a subway tunnel 9 located between two existing roads 1. The road structure that crosses the existing tunnel 2 includes a plurality of support frames 3 and a top plate 4, the plurality of support frames 3, the support frames 3 including support columns 30 and support beams 31, the support columns 30 are supported between the support beams 31 and the tunnel foundation 22, and the two ends of the support beams 31 are respectively supported by two tunnel side walls 20 of the existing tunnel 2; the top plate 4 has a support surface 40 flush with the road surface of the existing road 1, and the top plate 4 is fixedly connected to the support beams 31; wherein the plurality of support frames 3 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the existing tunnel 2, the support columns 30 correspond to the positions of the support walls on the inner side of the existing tunnel 2, and in the height direction of the existing tunnel 2, the dimension between the connection position of the support columns 30 and the support beams 31 to the tunnel ground 220 of the existing tunnel 2 is H, and the dimension between the connection position of the support beams 31 and the tunnel side walls 20 to the tunnel ground 220 is h, satisfying that H>h.

[0039] The support surface 40 may be provided with a road coating such as asphalt.

[0040] One of the two tunnel side walls 20 is located close to the subway tunnel 9 .

[0041] The top mentioned in this application is a position close to the support surface 40 , and the bottom mentioned in this application is a position close to the tunnel bottom wall 21 .

[0042] The support beam 31 may be a pure steel beam; or, the support beam 31 may be a steel-concrete composite beam.

[0043] When the support beam 31 is a steel-concrete composite beam, the non-steel part of the support beam 31 can be ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). The UHPC support beam 31 can meet the rigidity requirements of the road structure and reduce the structural deadweight of the upper part of the road structure.

[0044] The supporting surface 40 can smoothly transition to the road surface of the existing road 1 .

[0045] One end of the support column 30 facing away from the support beam 31 extends into the tunnel foundation 22 .

[0046] Adjacent support columns 30 may be fixedly connected to each other, and the support columns 30 may be fixedly connected to the support wall inside the existing tunnel 2 , thereby improving the integrity of the support frame 3 and the existing tunnel 2 .

[0047] When 1.5cm≤Hh≤5cm is satisfied, most of the weight of the top plate 4 can be concentrated on the support column 30, and at the same time, the risk of deformation of the support beam 31 under the pressure of the support column 30 is reduced, so that the support surface 40 tends to be straight, which is convenient for vehicles and pedestrians to pass through; When H≤h, the weight of the top plate 4 and the support beam 31 will be evenly distributed on the tunnel side wall 20 and the support column 30, or most of the weight of the top plate 4 and the support beam 31 will be concentrated on the tunnel side wall 20. These situations will cause greater pressure on the tunnel side wall 20 and a higher risk of deformation and damage to the tunnel side wall 20.

[0048] The top plate 4 has a support surface 40 flush with the road surface of the existing road 1, and the support surface 40 can support pedestrians and vehicles passing through, so that the top plate 4 can be used as a road. The top plate 4 is fixedly connected to the support beam 31, and the support beam 31 is supported by the support column 30 and the tunnel side wall 20. Then the support beam 31 supports the top plate 4 through the contact surface between itself and the top plate 4, so that the support force from the support beam 31 on the top plate 4 is evenly dispersed on the contact surface between itself and the support beam 31, thereby reducing the risk of local deformation or damage of the top plate 4 due to stress concentration; in the height direction of the existing tunnel 2, the dimension between the connection position of the support column 30 and the support beam 31 to the tunnel ground 220 of the existing tunnel 2 is H, and the dimension between the connection position of the support beam 31 and the tunnel side wall 20 to the tunnel ground 220 is h , when H>h is satisfied, most of the weight of the top plate 4 and the support beam 31 can be concentrated on the support column 30, so that the pressure applied by the top plate 4 and the support beam 31 to the tunnel side wall 20 is relatively small, reducing the risk of deformation and damage of the tunnel side wall due to excessive pressure. In addition, the support column 30 corresponds to the position of the support wall inside the existing tunnel 2. The support column 30, which bears most of the weight of the top plate 4 and the support beam 31, transfers the pressure to the tunnel foundation 22, and the position where the pressure is applied corresponds to the position of the support wall of the existing tunnel 2. The tunnel foundation 22 can withstand the pressure from the support column 30 more stably, and the force-bearing structure of the tunnel foundation 22 does not change, thereby reducing the risk of deformation and damage of the tunnel bottom wall 21 below the tunnel foundation 22 due to the different positions of multiple forces from the tunnel foundation 22; In addition, the support column 30 supports the middle part of the support beam 31, reducing the risk of bending and deformation of the support beam 31 and the top plate 4 under the action of gravity due to the large span of the suspended part of the support beam 31. The support column 30 shares part of the pressure of the support beam 31 and the top plate 4 supporting pedestrians and vehicles passing by, so that the support beam 31 can meet the stiffness requirements of the road structure with a smaller thickness, and also reduces the reaction force of the tunnel foundation 22 on the road structure.

[0049] In some embodiments, a strap is further provided on the top surface of the tunnel side wall 20, and the top plate 4 is overlapped with the strap, so that the top plate 4 is overlapped with the tunnel side wall 20 through the strap, thereby increasing the contact area between the top plate 4 and the tunnel side wall 20 and reducing the risk of local deformation and damage of the tunnel due to stress concentration.

[0050] According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, Figure 2As shown, it also includes a foundation member 5, which is arranged on the tunnel bottom wall 21 of the existing tunnel 2, and the ends of the support columns 30 of the multiple support frames 3 facing away from the support beams 31 are inserted into the foundation member 5, and the foundation member 5 is buried in the tunnel foundation 22.

[0051] The foundation member 5 may be a cast concrete member; or, the foundation member 5 may be a mixed structure of steel bars and concrete; or, the foundation member 5 may be a steel member.

[0052] The foundation member 5 is arranged on the tunnel bottom wall 21 of the existing tunnel 2, and one end of the support columns 30 of the multiple support frames 3 facing away from the support beam 31 is inserted into the foundation member 5. The multiple support columns 30 are connected to the tunnel bottom wall 21 through the foundation member 5, so as to improve the connection stability between the support columns 30 and the tunnel bottom wall 21 and limit the movement of the support columns 30. The foundation member 5 is buried in the tunnel foundation 22, and the tunnel foundation 22 can effectively position the foundation member 5.

[0053] According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, Figure 2 As shown, the support beam 31 includes a reinforcement section 310 and a connection section 311 . The portion where the support beam 31 is connected to the support column 30 and the tunnel side wall 20 is the reinforcement section 310 , and the connection section 311 is connected between any two adjacent reinforcement sections 310 .

[0054] The reinforcing section 310 may be made of steel, and the connecting section 311 may be a mixture of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) and steel; or, the reinforcing section 310 may be made of a mixture of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) and steel, and the connecting section 311 may be made of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC).

[0055] The support beam 31 includes a reinforcement section 310 and a connection section 311. The strength of the reinforcement section 310 is higher than that of the connection section 311, and the weight and cost of the connection section 311 are lower than those of the reinforcement section 310. The portion where the support beam 31 is connected to the support column 30 and the tunnel side wall 20 is the reinforcement section 310, and the portion where the support beam 31 is connected to the support column 30 and the tunnel side wall 20 is the load concentration area. The reinforcement section 310 can reduce the probability of damage to the load concentration area due to internal stress and other forces, thereby improving the overall service life of the support beam 31. The connection section 311 is connected between any two adjacent reinforcement sections 310, so that the weight of the support beam 31 is lighter, which is convenient for transportation and assembly, while reducing the cost of the support beam 31 and reducing the production cost of the support beam 31.

[0056] According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, Figure 2 As shown, in the height direction of the support frame 3, the size of the support beam 31 is L1, satisfying 0.5m≤L1≤0.7m, and the size of the top plate 4 is L2, satisfying 0.2m≤L2≤0.3m.

[0057] When L1 is less than 0.5 m, the strength of the support beam 31 is relatively weak, and deformation and damage may easily occur during the process of supporting the top plate 4; When L1>0.7m, the space in the tunnel occupied by the support beam 31 is relatively large, and the remaining tunnel space is difficult to meet the traffic demand of vehicles.

[0058] When L2 is less than 0.2 m, the strength of the top plate 4 is relatively weak, and deformation and damage may easily occur when vehicles or pedestrians pass by on the supporting surface 40 ; When L1>0.3m, the space in the tunnel occupied by the top plate 4 is relatively large, and the remaining tunnel space is difficult to meet the traffic demand of vehicles.

[0059] In the height direction of the support frame 3, the size of the support beam 31 is L1, and the size of the top plate 4 is L2. When 0.5m≤L1≤0.7m and 0.2m≤L2≤0.3m are satisfied, the strength of the support beam 31 and the top plate 4 is sufficient to maintain their own structures from deformation. At the same time, the space occupied by the tunnel in its own height direction is relatively small, and the remaining height of the tunnel can meet the passage needs of vehicles.

[0060] According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, the top plate 4 is a cast-in-place plate, the support beam 31 is a prefabricated beam, the support column 30 is a steel pipe, and the cross-section of the support column 30 is rectangular.

[0061] The concrete used for casting the top plate 4 is ultra-high performance concrete.

[0062] The top plate 4 is relatively large in size and difficult to transport. The top plate 4 is a cast-in-place plate, which saves transportation costs, and the operator can timely adjust the weight and pouring position of the concrete used for pouring, so that the formed support surface 40 is flush with the road surface of the existing road 1; The support beam 31 is a prefabricated beam, which can be quickly assembled at the construction site, eliminating the time for pouring and waiting for air drying and hardening, thus saving construction time; The support column 30 is a steel pipe, and the cross section of the support column 30 is rectangular, so that the support column 30 has good structural stability.

[0063] According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, Figure 3~Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a plurality of transverse connecting plates 6 , wherein a transverse connecting plate 6 is disposed between any two adjacent supporting beams 31 among the plurality of supporting beams 31 , and the transverse connecting plate 6 is fixedly connected to the supporting beams 31 and the top plate 4 .

[0064] The transverse connecting plate 6 may be a cast-in-place plate, and the material of the transverse connecting plate 6 may be C50 concrete.

[0065] C50 concrete is a common type of concrete. The "C50" in its name refers to the standard value of the concrete cube compressive strength of 50MPa.

[0066] A cross-plate 6 is arranged between any two adjacent support beams 31 among the multiple support beams 31, and the cross-plate 6 is fixedly connected to the support beams 31 and the top plate 4. On the one hand, the multiple support beams 31 are connected by the cross-plate 6, which enhances the integrity of the multiple support beams 31 and reduces the risk of deformation and damage of a single support beam 31; on the other hand, the top plate 4 is connected to the support beams 31 by the cross-plate 6, which enhances the connection strength between the top plate 4 and the support beams 31.

[0067] In some embodiments, the road structure provided by the present application can adopt a method of two spans in the lower part and a whole piece in the upper part, that is, after the support column 30 is installed, the cross-connecting plate 6 and the support beam 31 are first cast as one piece, and then the whole beam composed of multiple cross-connecting plates 6 and multiple support beams 31 is hoisted. This method can save the time required for individually hoisting multiple support beams 31, speed up the hoisting efficiency, and save construction period.

[0068] According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, Figure 5~Figure 7 As shown, it also includes a side support 7, the support beam 31 is connected to the tunnel side wall 20 through the side support 7, and the side support 7 includes a first plate 70, a second plate 71, a deformable part 72 and a wear-resistant part 73; the first plate 70 is fixedly connected to the support beam 31; the second plate 71 is fixedly connected to the tunnel side wall 20, and a convex ring 711 is provided on the surface of the second plate 71 facing the first plate 70; the deformable part 72 and the wear-resistant part 73 are stacked on the inner side of the convex ring 711, and a part of the deformable part 72 exceeds the convex ring 711 and is connected to the first plate 70; wherein, the first plate 70 presses the deformable part 72 and the wear-resistant part 73 against the second plate 71.

[0069] The material of the deformable member 72 may be, but is not limited to, ACF artificial cartilage material, EPS foam plastic, EPE foam plastic, EVA material, etc.

[0070] The material of the wear-resistant part 73 can be, but is not limited to, wear-resistant cast iron, wear-resistant cast steel, wear-resistant alloy, hard alloy, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, etc.

[0071] A convex ring 711 is provided on the surface of the second plate 71 facing the first plate 70; the deformable part 72 and the wear-resistant part 73 are stacked on the inner side of the convex ring 711, and the convex ring 711 limits the deformation and displacement of the wear-resistant part 73 on the second plate 71. Part of the deformable part 72 extends beyond the convex ring 711 and is connected to the first plate 70. The first plate 70 can deform the deformable part 72 by squeezing it to buffer the vibration of the support beam 31 connected to itself.

[0072] According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, Figure 5~Figure 7As shown, the first plate 70 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 700, and the plurality of first through holes 700 are arranged along the width direction of the support beam 31; the second plate 71 is provided with a plurality of second through holes 710, and the plurality of second through holes 710 are arranged along the width direction of the support beam 31; the first through holes 700 and the second through holes 710 extend along the length direction of the support beam 31, and the plurality of first through holes 700 correspond one-to-one to the plurality of second through holes 710; the side support 7 also includes a plurality of first limiting members 74, the first limiting members 74 are elastic and connected end to end, the first limiting members 74 pass through the first through holes 700 and the second through holes 710, and the plurality of first limiting members 74 correspond one-to-one to the plurality of first through holes 700, and the plurality of first limiting members 74 correspond one-to-one to the plurality of second through holes 710.

[0073] The first limiting member 74 may be a steel cable.

[0074] Under normal use, within the range of the expansion joint reserved between the support beam 31 and the tunnel side wall 20 or the existing road 1 , the horizontal displacement of the support beam 31 does not generate horizontal force on the tunnel side wall 20 .

[0075] The first limiting member 74 clamps the deformable member 72 between the first plate 70 and the second plate 71 through the first through hole 700 and the second through hole 710. The first limiting member 74 can limit the relative displacement of the first plate 70 and the second plate 71 in the thickness direction of the support beam 31 during an earthquake, thereby reducing the amplification of the vibration of the top plate 4 on the support beam 31 caused by the vibration of the tunnel side wall during an earthquake, and reducing the risk of the top plate 4 colliding with the tunnel side wall 20 or the existing road 1; when the first plate 70, the deformable member 72 and the second plate 71 are aligned, the first limiting member 74 is straightened, and when the side support 7 is subjected to thrust and the first plate 70, the deformable member 72 and the second plate 71 undergo relative displacement in the length direction of the support beam 31, the first plate 70 and the second plate 71 are in the first limiting member 74. The deformable member 72 is squeezed and deformed under the pulling of the deformable member 72, and the resultant force of the elastic force of the deformable member 72, the pressure applied by the first limiting member 74 on the first plate 70 and the second plate 71, and the thrust received by the side support 7 cancel each other out; when the thrust driving the first plate 70, the deformable member 72 and the second plate 71 to undergo relative displacement in the length direction of the support beam 31 disappears, the pressure applied by the first limiting member 74 on the first plate 70 and the second plate 71 and the elastic force of the deformable member 72 push the first plate 70, the deformable member 72 and the second plate 71 to move in the opposite direction relative to the previous relative displacement to reset, so that the first plate 70, the deformable member 72 and the second plate 71 can be in an aligned state for a long time, and the supporting force applied by the tunnel side wall 20 to the support beam 31 can be parallel to the gravity direction of the support beam 31.

[0076] In order to verify the limiting effect of the road structure provided in this application on the displacement of the support beam 31, the bridge position seismic fortification intensity is preset to 7 degrees, the site category is Class III, the basic seismic acceleration peak is 0.15g, the urban bridge seismic fortification classification is Class B, the site characteristic period is 0.45s, and the input earthquake acceleration time history curve is selected according to the requirements of the three elements of seismic motion; Will be like Fig.12 An artificial seismic wave under the action of the rare earthquake E2 shown is input into the road structure of the ordinary support (i.e., the road structure in which the side support is replaced by the ordinary support, and the other parts of the structure are the same as the road structure provided in the present application) and the road structure provided in the present application along the longitudinal direction of the main beam of the road structure; Then, the displacement distance (unit: mm) of the main beam of the road system with ordinary bearings and the displacement distance (unit: mm) of the supporting beam in the road structure provided by the present application are measured to obtain the following: Fig.15 He Ru Fig.16 The waveform diagram shown; Through Fig.15 He Ru Fig.16 The waveform shown in Table 1 can be obtained:

[0077] Table 1: Comparison of displacement dimensions

[0078] In summary, the road structure including the side support 7 provided in the present application has a better displacement limiting effect on the main beam (i.e., the support beam 31) during an earthquake compared to the road structure with ordinary supports, thereby reducing the risk of collision between the support beam 31 and the tunnel side wall 20 or the existing road 1.

[0079] According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, Figure 8~Figure 11 As shown, it also includes a middle support 8, through which the support beam 31 and the support column 30 are connected. The middle support 8 includes a third plate 80, a fourth plate 81 and a support body 82. The third plate 80 is fixedly connected to the support beam 31; the fourth plate 81 is fixedly connected to the support column 30; the two ends of the support body 82 are respectively connected to the third plate 80 and the fourth plate 81; wherein the third plate 80 presses the support body 82 against the fourth plate 81.

[0080] The material of the support body 82 can be but is not limited to rubber, steel, concrete, etc.

[0081] The support beam 31 is connected to the support column 30 via the middle support 8 , thereby increasing the connection stability between the support beam 31 and the support column 30 .

[0082] According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, Figure 8~Figure 11As shown, the middle support 8 also includes a plurality of limit assemblies 83, and the plurality of limit assemblies 83 are arranged around the support body 82. The limit assemblies 83 include a second limit member 830, a limit ring 831, a limit sleeve 832 and an elastic member 833. The limit ring 831 and the elastic member 833 are arranged on the fourth plate 81, and the elastic member 833 is located on the inner side of the limit ring 831. The end of the elastic member 833 facing away from the fourth plate 81 is connected to the limit sleeve 832. The limit sleeve 832 is liftably mounted on the limit ring 831 along the thickness direction of the support beam 31. The two ends of the second limit member 830 are respectively connected to the third plate 80 and the limit sleeve 832.

[0083] The second limiting member 830 may be a steel cable.

[0084] The elastic member 833 may be, but is not limited to, a spring.

[0085] A plurality of limit assemblies 83 are arranged around the support body 82 to limit the horizontal movement of the third plate 80 relative to the fourth plate 81, so that the direction of the support force of the support column 30 on the support beam 31 is parallel to the vertical direction, which can effectively offset the gravity of the top plate 4 and reduce the risk of bending and deformation of the support beam 31 due to the deviation of the support direction; the limit ring 831 and the elastic member 833 are arranged on the fourth plate 81, the elastic member 833 is located on the inner side of the limit ring 831, and the end of the elastic member 833 facing away from the fourth plate 81 is connected to the limit sleeve 832, and the limit sleeve 832 is connected along the thickness direction of the support beam 31 The second limit member 830 is liftably mounted on the limiting ring 831, and both ends of the second limit member 830 are respectively connected to the third plate 80 and the limiting sleeve 832. The cooperation between the limiting sleeve 832 and the limiting ring 831 limits the elastic member 833 from extending or shortening in the vertical direction. The elastic member 833 can absorb the energy brought by the vibration of the third plate 80 relative to the fourth plate 81 in the vertical direction, reduce the energy applied to the support beam 31 by the vibration of the support column 30 during an earthquake or the vibration energy caused by the running of the vehicle, and reduce the risk of damage to the support beam 31 due to excessive amplitude during an earthquake or when a vehicle passes through the road structure provided by the present application.

[0086] In order to verify the shock-absorbing effect of the road structure provided in this application on the support beam 31 and the tunnel foundation 22, the bridge position seismic fortification intensity is preset to 7 degrees, the site category is Class III, the basic seismic acceleration peak is 0.15g, the urban bridge seismic fortification classification is Class B, the site characteristic period is 0.45s, and the input earthquake acceleration time history curve is selected according to the requirements of the three elements of seismic motion; Will be like Fig.12An artificial seismic wave under the action of the rare earthquake E2 shown is input into the road structure of the ordinary support (that is, the middle support 8 is replaced by the road structure of the ordinary support, and the other parts of the structure are the same as the road structure provided in this application) and the road structure provided in this application along the longitudinal direction of the main beam of the road structure, and then the shear force (unit: KN) received by the support column 30 of the road system of the ordinary support and the shear force (unit: KN) received by the support column 30 of the road structure provided in this application are measured to obtain the following: Fig.13 He Ru Fig.14 The waveform diagram shown; Through Fig.13 He Ru Fig.14 The waveform shown can be obtained from Table 2:

[0087] Table 2: Comparison of shear force

[0088] In summary, the road structure including the middle support 8 provided in the present application can effectively reduce the shear force exerted on the support column 30 during an earthquake, thereby reducing the impact of the earthquake on the support beam 31 and the tunnel foundation 22.

[0089] Although the present application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present application. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there are no structural conflicts. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An open section road structure of an urban tunnel adjacent to a subway tunnel, which is arranged on a U-shaped open section of an existing tunnel adjacent to the subway tunnel between two existing roads, characterized in that: include: A plurality of support frames, wherein the support frames include support columns and support beams, wherein the support columns are supported between the support beams and the tunnel foundation, and both ends of the support beams are supported by two tunnel side walls of the existing tunnel respectively; A top plate having a support surface flush with the road surface of the existing road, the top plate being fixedly connected to the support beam; Among them, multiple support frames are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the existing tunnel, the support columns correspond to the positions of the support walls on the inner side of the existing tunnel, and in the height direction of the existing tunnel, the dimension between the connection position of the support columns and the support beams to the tunnel ground of the existing tunnel is H, and the dimension between the connection position of the support beams and the tunnel side walls to the tunnel ground is h, satisfying that H>h.

2. The open section road structure of an urban tunnel adjacent to a subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a foundation member, which is arranged on the tunnel bottom wall of the existing tunnel, and the ends of the support columns of the plurality of support frames that are away from the support beams are inserted into the foundation member, and the foundation member is buried in the tunnel foundation.

3. The open section road structure of an urban tunnel adjacent to a subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support beam comprises a reinforcement section and a connection section. The portion of the support beam connected to the support column and the tunnel side wall is the reinforcement section, and the connection section is connected between any two adjacent reinforcement sections.

4. The open section road structure of an urban tunnel adjacent to a subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the height direction of the support frame, the size of the support beam is L1, which satisfies 0.5m≤L1≤0.7m, and the size of the top plate is L2, which satisfies 0.2m≤L2≤0.3m.

5. The open section road structure of an urban tunnel adjacent to a subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate is a cast-in-place plate, the support beams are prefabricated beams, the support columns are steel pipes, and the cross-section of the support columns is rectangular.

6. The open section road structure of an urban tunnel adjacent to a subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of transverse connecting plates, wherein the transverse connecting plates are arranged between any two adjacent supporting beams among the plurality of supporting beams, and the transverse connecting plates are fixedly connected to the supporting beams and the top plate.

7. The open section road structure of an urban tunnel adjacent to a subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a side support, the support beam is connected to the tunnel side wall through the side support, and the side support includes: A first plate fixedly connected to the support beam; A second plate, fixedly connected to the tunnel side wall, wherein a convex ring is provided on a surface of the second plate facing the first plate; A deformable member and a wear-resistant member are stacked on the inner side of the convex ring, and a portion of the deformable member exceeds the convex ring and is connected to the first plate; Wherein, the first plate presses the deformable part and the wear-resistant part against the second plate.

8. The open section road structure of an urban tunnel adjacent to a subway tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first plate is provided with a plurality of first through holes, and the plurality of first through holes are arranged along the width direction of the support beam; the second plate is provided with a plurality of second through holes, and the plurality of second through holes are arranged along the width direction of the support beam; the first through holes and the second through holes extend along the length direction of the support beam, and the plurality of first through holes correspond to the plurality of second through holes one by one; The side support also includes a plurality of first limiting members, which are elastic and connected end to end, and pass through the first through hole and the second through hole. The plurality of first limiting members correspond one-to-one to the plurality of first through holes, and the plurality of first limiting members correspond one-to-one to the plurality of second through holes.

9. The open section road structure of an urban tunnel adjacent to a subway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a middle support, through which the support beam and the support column are connected, and the middle support includes: a third plate, fixedly connected to the support beam; a fourth plate, fixedly connected to the support column; A support body, two ends of which are respectively connected to the third plate and the fourth plate; Wherein, the third plate presses the support body against the fourth plate.

10. The open section road structure of an urban tunnel adjacent to a subway tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that: The middle support also includes a plurality of limit assemblies, which are arranged around the support body, and the limit assemblies include a second limit member, a limit ring, a limit sleeve and an elastic member. The limit ring and the elastic member are arranged on the fourth plate, and the elastic member is located on the inner side of the limit ring. The end of the elastic member facing away from the fourth plate is connected to the limit sleeve, and the limit sleeve is liftably mounted on the limit ring along the thickness direction of the support beam. The two ends of the second limit member are respectively connected to the third plate and the limit sleeve.

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