High-precision automatic positioning device and positioning method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical positioning, and particularly discloses a high-precision automatic positioning device which comprises a driver, a driving rod, a positioning pin and a positioning seat with a guide hole, the positioning pin is mounted on the driving rod and slidably connected in the guide hole, one end of the positioning pin is provided with circumferentially distributed elastic blocks, and the other end of the positioning pin is slidably connected in the guide hole. The tensioning block is matched with the elastic block in a wedge surface / conical surface mode, the elastic block is located on the outer side of the tensioning block in the circumferential direction, the driving rod pushes the positioning pin to move, the tensioning block and the positioning pin are coaxial, and after the tensioning block expands the elastic block, the elastic block abuts against the guide hole. According to the positioning method, a high-precision automatic positioning device needs to be used for positioning a to-be-positioned part, and the positioning method comprises the following steps that the positioning pins are controlled to be inserted into the positioning holes, and then the tensioning blocks are controlled to continue to move towards the positioning holes so as to expand the elastic blocks. The scheme is used for solving the problem that the positioning precision is difficult to ensure due to a gap between the positioning pin and the positioning seat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical positioning, and in particular to a high-precision automatic positioning device and a positioning method. Background Art

[0002] Locating pins are used for positioning during machining or when positioning a product during use. For example, when machining requires rotating the workpiece mounted on the chuck to different angles for processing, positioning is required after each rotation. For example, the workpiece on the chuck needs to be positioned and processed every 60° rotation. The chuck needs to be rotated 6 times and positioned 6 times to complete the workpiece processing. Under normal circumstances, 6 positioning holes are opened on the chuck, and the positioning pins are inserted into the corresponding positioning holes to complete the positioning. For another example, when a certain device is in use, it needs to be rotated to different angles for use, and it also needs to be positioned after each rotation to the required angle. When positioning, positioning holes are also set on the positioned part, and the positioning pins are moved along the guide holes on the positioning seat and inserted into the positioning holes to achieve positioning.

[0003] In situations where the positioning accuracy requirement is not high, positioning can be achieved as long as the positioning pin can be inserted into the positioning hole. This type of positioning method includes manually operated positioning methods, such as the "adjustable positioner" with patent publication number CN103831635A. By screwing the locking nut connected to the positioning shaft, the positioning shaft can be controlled to rotate and move while being inserted into the positioning hole to be positioned to complete the positioning; there are also electrically controlled or hydraulically controlled positioning structures, such as the "hydraulic-driven groove wheel indexing positioning pin type indexing device" with patent announcement number CN202028970U. When the hydraulically driven positioning mechanism needs to position the indexing disc groove that has been rotated into place, it only needs to control the positioning cylinder to start, and the positioning pin can be inserted into the positioning pin hole on the indexing disc to automatically complete the positioning; another example is the "a positioning pin type indexing positioning device" with patent announcement number CN217596611U. After the chuck is rotated to the required angle, the patented technology controls the electric drive rod to drive the positioning shaft (also called the positioning pin) to be inserted into the positioning hole to complete the positioning.

[0004] However, in the current positioning device, whether it is manual positioning or automatic positioning under electric / hydraulic control, in order to improve the positioning accuracy of the positioning pin (or positioning shaft), it is necessary to set a positioning seat with a guide hole to guide the movement of the positioning pin, such as the sleeve with a guide hole in the above-mentioned public patent technology (some patents call it a positioning sleeve), but the fit between the guide hole and the positioning pin is a clearance fit. For occasions with extremely high positioning accuracy requirements, the gap between the positioning sleeve and the positioning shaft will cause the position of the positioning shaft to deviate, thereby reducing the positioning accuracy. However, if there is no clearance fit but an interference fit or a transition fit, the smoothness of the movement of the positioning pin will be affected, resulting in the current positioning accuracy of the positioning device has been difficult to improve. Especially when the positioned part vibrates during use or machining, the positioning pin may move slightly due to external force, further affecting the positioning accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention is intended to provide a high-precision automatic positioning device to solve the problem that the positioning accuracy is difficult to ensure due to the gap between the positioning pin and the positioning seat.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: A high-precision automatic positioning device comprises a driver, a driving rod, a positioning pin for inserting into a positioned hole, and a positioning seat with a guide hole. The positioning pin is mounted on the driving rod. The driver drives the driving rod to move. The positioning pin is slidably connected in the guide hole. The end of the positioning pin away from the positioning hole is provided with at least two circumferentially distributed elastic blocks. The device also comprises a stepped driving rod and a tensioning block mounted on the driving rod. The tensioning block and the elastic block can cooperate with each other in a wedge surface / conical surface. The elastic block is located on the circumferential outside of the tensioning block. The driving rod is used to push the positioning pin to move. The tensioning block is coaxial with the guide hole and the positioning pin. After the tensioning block expands the elastic block, the outer periphery of the elastic block abuts against the guide hole.

[0007] The principle and advantage of this scheme are: when this scheme is adopted, the movement of the driving rod is controlled by the driver. When the driving rod pushes the positioning pin to move toward the positioning hole of the positioned part, the tensioning block is pushed to move by the driving rod. After the tensioning block moves, it pushes the elastic block to open outward, so that the elastic block on the positioning pin is evenly pressed against the guide hole of the positioning seat, thereby eliminating the gap between the positioning pin and the guide hole, ensuring the smooth movement of the positioning pin along the guide hole before and after positioning, and ensuring high-precision positioning after eliminating the gap by tensioning. After tensioning, not only the radial positioning of the positioning pin is achieved, but also the tensioning sets an obstacle for the axial movement of the positioning pin, ensuring that the positioning pin is not prone to radial or axial movement, and also ensuring the accuracy of positioning.

[0008] In addition, the elastic block is tightly fitted with the guide hole in the positioning seat under the tension of the tension block, so that the positioning pin and the positioning seat extending outward form a whole. Even if the positioned part is vibrated by external force, it will not affect the positioning accuracy of the positioning device.

[0009] In addition, this solution can improve the degree of automation of the positioning device and improve the efficiency of positioning by driving the driver. In addition, for occasions where the positioning device is in a special position and is inconvenient for manual operation, it can completely replace manual operation, thereby breaking the space requirements brought by manual operation and improving positioning efficiency. The consistency of each positioning can also be ensured through the drive of the driver.

[0010] Preferably, as an improvement, a limit stop is fixed on the driving rod, the tensioning block is located between the limit stop and the stepped surface of the driving rod, the free end of the elastic block is fixed with a limit rod, the limit rod faces the driving rod, and the limit rod is used to abut against the end face of the tensioning block.

[0011] Beneficial effect: When this solution is adopted, when the driving rod drives the tensioning block to move toward the positioned part to tighten the elastic block, the stepped surface on the driving rod gives the tensioning block a thrust so that the tensioning block can expand the elastic block outward and tighten the guide hole, thereby achieving positioning under the elimination of the gap between the positioning pin and the guide hole.

[0012] When the positioning pin needs to be reset, it is only necessary to control the driving rod to reset (that is, move it away from the positioning hole). During the resetting process of the driving rod, the tension block is pushed to reset through the limit stopper to loosen the expansion of the elastic block. After the elastic block loses the expansion of the tension block, the gap between the elastic block and the guide hole increases, which makes it convenient for the driving rod to drive the positioning pin to move smoothly in the guide hole. At the same time, through the interference of the tension block and the limit rod, the positioning pin is driven away from the positioning hole together with the driving rod, thereby realizing the release of the positioning.

[0013] It can be seen that this solution, through the provision of the limit rod and the limit stopper, enables the driver to achieve high-precision positioning and positioning release by moving the driving rod in different directions, and the operation method is simple and convenient.

[0014] Preferably, as an improvement, the driver is used to drive the driving rod to rotate and move at the same time, the driving rod passes through the positioning pin, and the driving rod is used to be inserted into the bottom of the positioning hole and threadedly connected.

[0015] Beneficial effect: When the driver is used to drive the driving rod to move and rotate at the same time, the driving rod can not only drive the locating pin on the driving rod to be inserted into the locating hole for positioning, but also drive the tensioning block to move to expand the elastic block, thereby eliminating the gap between the locating pin and the guide hole, ensuring the positioning accuracy, and can also utilize the threaded connection between the driving rod itself and the bottom of the locating hole to tighten the locating pin on the positioned part, ensuring that the positioned part and the positioning device form a whole, the locating pin will not rebound, and the positioning accuracy is guaranteed.

[0016] Preferably, as an improvement, the driver includes a driving motor, a driving seat, a fixed seat and a moving component connected to the fixed seat by threads, the driving motor is used to drive the driving seat to rotate, the driving rod is axially slidably connected to the driving seat, the moving component includes a nut, a tapered sleeve sleeved in the nut, and an elastic member used to press the tapered sleeve against the tapered hole in the nut, the nut and the tapered sleeve are coaxial with the driving rod, the nut is threadedly connected in the fixed seat, and the tapered sleeve is axially slidably connected to the driving rod.

[0017] Beneficial effect: When the present solution is adopted, the driver is used to drive the driving rod to rotate with the driving seat. Since a moving assembly is mounted on the driving rod, when the driving rod needs to drive the positioning pin to move toward the positioning hole, because the nut in the moving assembly is threadedly connected along the fixed seat, and the tapered sleeve in the moving assembly can be axially slidably connected to the driving rod, when the driving rod rotates, the tapered sleeve will rotate synchronously with the driving rod, and the elastic member will press the tapered sleeve against the nut. Therefore, the nut will rotate as a whole with the tapered sleeve under the friction force with the tapered sleeve, and the rotation of the nut will form movement, so that the driving rod will also move through the whole formed by the nut-tapered sleeve-elastic member, thereby realizing the driving rod rotating and moving under the drive.

[0018] When the nut moves to the end of the fixed sleeve and cannot move, the driving rod has been inserted into the positioning hole due to its rotation and movement. At this time, the driver continues to drive the driving rod to rotate, and the cone sleeve will idle relative to the nut, and the driving rod continues to move toward the positioning hole, so that the step on the driving rod pushes the tensioning block to tighten the elastic block in the guide hole, completing the positioning and tightening operations. The positioning pin, the positioned part, the driving rod, and the tensioning block form a whole, ensuring that the positioning device will not rebound, thereby ensuring the positioning accuracy and positioning stability.

[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, a blocking member is also fixed on the driving rod, the blocking member is used to abut against the small-sized end face of the cone sleeve, the blocking member and the positioning pin are located on both sides of the nut, and the blocking member is used to abut against the driving seat.

[0020] Beneficial effect: When the present solution is adopted, the blocking member is provided so that after the driving rod rotates and moves away from the positioning hole, after the driving rod moves to the point where the blocking member abuts against the end face of the driving seat, the blocking member limits the continued movement of the driving rod, so that the driving rod can only rotate. At this time, the cone sleeve and the nut will continue to rotate, and the nut will continue to rotate and move axially. After the cone sleeve can no longer move axially along the driving rod, the cone sleeve will idle relative to the nut, and the nut will no longer move, thereby ensuring that even if the driving rod fails to stop in time, structural jamming can be avoided, which is equivalent to achieving protection for the resetting stage of the driving rod.

[0021] Preferably, as an improvement, a limiting groove and a connecting column are provided between the driving rod and the tapered sleeve, the connecting column is axially slidably connected in the limiting groove, and one of the connecting column and the limiting groove is arranged on the driving rod and the other is arranged on the tapered sleeve.

[0022] Beneficial effect: When the nut moves to the end of the stroke in the direction of the positioning hole and cannot move, at this time, because the end of the driving rod has been inserted into the bottom of the positioning hole and a threaded connection is present, the driving rod will continue to be screwed along the axial direction under the continuous rotation drive of the driver. At this time, the limit groove cooperates with the connecting column, so that the cone sleeve and the driving rod rotate and move synchronously. In this process, the cone sleeve, under the cooperation of the limit groove and the connecting column, overcomes the elastic force against the cone sleeve and disengages the cone surface of the cone sleeve from the nut, and the cone sleeve idles. The stepped surface of the driving rod presses against the tensioning block, causing the tensioning block to expand the elastic block, thereby completing the positioning, clamping and anti-rebound of the positioning device.

[0023] Preferably, as an improvement, a driving sleeve is sleeved on the driving seat, the driving motor drives the driving sleeve to rotate, the driving sleeve and the driving seat are connected by an elastic component, the elastic component includes a radially telescopic spring and a connecting piece located at the end of the spring, the connecting piece has a spherical surface, the spherical surface of the connecting piece is located at the junction of the driving sleeve and the driving seat, and the driving seat and the driving sleeve are both provided with a receiving groove for accommodating the spherical surface of the connecting piece.

[0024] Beneficial effect: When the present solution is adopted, when the driving rod does not need to rotate but the driver has not stopped outputting, the driving rod cannot rotate due to the resistance of the moving assembly or other parts. After the power of the driver is transmitted to the driving sleeve, the driving seat cannot rotate because the driving rod cannot rotate. At this time, the receiving groove on the driving sleeve will give a pushing force to the connecting part, so that the connecting part is completely located in the receiving groove on one side where the spring is located after being squeezed, thereby realizing the disconnection between the driving sleeve and the driving seat, avoiding safety problems, and thus forming overload protection.

[0025] Preferably, as an improvement, the positioning pin and the positioning hole are matched with a conical surface.

[0026] The present invention also provides a positioning method of a high-precision automatic positioning device, which requires the use of the high-precision automatic positioning device to position the part to be positioned, and the positioning steps are as follows: control the positioning pin to be inserted into the positioning hole, and then control the tensioning block to continue to move toward the positioning hole to expand the elastic block, and the elastic block tightens the guide hole to complete the positioning.

[0027] Preferably, as an improvement, it also includes releasing the positioning: the driving rod moves in a direction away from the positioning hole, and drives the tensioning block to move away from the positioning hole through the limit stopper to release the expansion of the elastic block, the elastic block releases the tension on the guide hole, the driving rod continues to move away from the positioning hole, and the high-precision automatic positioning device completely withdraws from the positioning hole.

[0028] Preferably, as an improvement, it further includes a positioning completion switch, which is triggered when the positioning pin completes positioning, and the driver stops working after the positioning completion switch is triggered.

[0029] The positioning method of a high-precision automatic positioning device of the present invention can achieve positioning under the drive of a driver, and the gap between the positioning pin and the guide hole is eliminated after positioning, ensuring that the positioning pin will not have movement space in the positioning hole, and after tightening, the positioning pin forms restrictions both radially and axially, thereby ensuring high positioning accuracy and non-rebounding positioning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic axial section diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention (in this state, the large diameter end face of the driving rod abuts against the tensioning block to expand the elastic block).

[0031] Figure 2 It is a partial axial section schematic diagram for showing the positioning component in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 It is an axial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the structure among the moving component, the fixed seat, the driving seat and the driving sleeve in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic axial section diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention in a positioning released state.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a partial axial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the second embodiment of the present invention, in which the shift limiting pin is fixed on the driving rod.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a partial axial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the second embodiment of the present invention, which shows that the displacement limiting pin is fixed on the inner hole wall of the cone sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods: The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: a positioned part 10, a positioning pin 1, an elastic block 11, a limiting rod 12, a guide groove 13, a positioning seat 2, a driving rod 3, a limiting stopper 31, a blocking member 32, a tensioning block 4, a limiting ring 41, a guide column 42, a driving machine 5, a driving sleeve 51, an elastic component 61, a connecting part 611, a spring 612, a receiving groove 600, a driving seat 6, a fixed seat 7, a moving component 8, a nut 81, a cone sleeve 82, an elastic member 83, an isolation ring 84, a limiting pin 85, and a limiting groove 86.

[0037] Embodiment 1 Combination Figures 1 to 4 A high-precision automatic positioning device includes a positioning pin 1, a positioning seat 2, a driving rod 3, a tensioning block 4 and a driver, wherein the combination of the positioning pin 1, the positioning seat 2, the driving rod 3 and the tensioning block 4 is called a positioning assembly in this embodiment.

[0038] Combination Figure 2 , the specific structure of the positioning component is as follows: The positioning pin 1 is movable and used to be inserted into the conical positioning hole of the positioning member 10, and includes an integrally formed cylindrical section and a conical section. The conical section of the positioning pin 1 matches the positioning hole with a conical surface. The positioning pin 1 is hollow in structure. The cylindrical section of the positioning pin 1 is integrally processed with a multi-petal elastic block 11. The multi-petal elastic blocks 11 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the positioning pin 1. After the elastic blocks 11 are expanded outward, they can be pressed against the inner wall of the guide hole; Positioning seat 2: fixedly installed and provided with a guide hole, the positioning pin 1 is slidably connected in the guide hole, and the elastic block 11 can be abutted against the inner wall of the guide hole after being expanded by the tensioning block 4; Driving rod 3: used to push the positioning pin 1 to move. The driving rod 3 is a stepped rod. The driving rod 3 includes three integrally formed cylindrical sections with different diameters. The cylindrical section of the driving rod 3 is axially divided into a small diameter section, a medium diameter section and a large diameter section. The positioning pin 1 is sleeved on the small diameter section (the positioning pin 1 and the driving rod 3 are clearance-fitted). A section of the free end of the small diameter section is provided with a thread. The small diameter section passes through the hollow structure of the positioning pin 1 and is used to be threadedly connected to the bottom of the positioning hole; a limit stopper 31 is fixed on the medium diameter section of the driving rod 3, and the limit stopper 31 is a limit clamping ring detachably connected to the driving rod 3.

[0039] The tension block 4 is mounted on the middle diameter section of the driving rod 3. The tension block 4 is located between the limit stopper 31 and the large diameter section of the driving rod 3. It can cooperate with the elastic block 11 in the wedge surface / conical surface. In this embodiment, it is specifically a conical surface cooperation, that is, the tension block 4 is a tension cone. The tension block 4 is located in the enclosed area of ​​multiple elastic blocks 11. After the tension block 4 tightens the elastic block 11, the elastic block 11 abuts against the guide hole. The end of the tension block 4 away from the positioning hole is stepped. A limit ring 41 is mounted on the step of the tension block 4. A limit rod 12 is fixed on the inner side of the free end of the elastic block 11. The limit rod 12 faces the driving rod 3. The limit rod 12 is used to abut against the end face of the limit ring 41.

[0040] The tensioning block 4 and the positioning pin 1 are ensured not to rotate relative to each other by means of the guide groove 13 and the guide column 42. The guide groove 13 is axially parallel to the driving rod 3. The guide column 42 is inserted into the guide groove 13. One of the guide groove 13 and the guide column 42 is arranged on the tensioning block 4 and the other is arranged on the positioning pin 1. In this embodiment, the guide column 42 is fixed on the tensioning block 4. The guide groove 13 is arranged on one of the elastic blocks 11 or two adjacent elastic sheets to form the guide groove 13.

[0041] Combination Figure 3 The driver is used to drive the driving rod 3 to rotate and move at the same time.

[0042] Specifically, the driver includes a driving machine 5, a driving seat 6, a fixed seat 7 and a moving component 8 connected to the fixed seat 7 through internal threads. The driving machine 5 is a motor, which is used to drive the driving seat 6 to rotate. The driving seat 6 is rotatably connected to the fixed seat 7 through a bearing. The driving rod 3 is axially slidably connected to the driving seat 6. Specifically, a strip groove is provided on the large diameter section of the driving rod 3, and a sliding pin is fixed on the driving seat 6, and the sliding pin is used to slide in the strip groove.

[0043] The moving assembly 8 includes a nut 81, a tapered sleeve 82 sleeved in the nut 81, and an elastic member 83 for pressing the tapered sleeve 82 against the tapered hole in the nut 81. The nut 81 and the tapered sleeve 82 are coaxial with the driving rod 3. The nut 81 is threadedly connected in the fixing seat 7. The tapered sleeve 82 is axially slidably connected to the driving rod 3. The tapered sleeve 82 cooperates with the conical surface of the nut 81. A blocking member 32 is also fixed on the large diameter section of the driving rod 3. The blocking member 32 is used to abut against the small-sized end face of the tapered sleeve 82. The blocking member 32 and the locating pin 1 are located on both sides of the nut 81. The blocking member 32 is used to abut against the driving seat 6. The end face of the elastic block 11 is opposite to the end face of the nut 81. When the tensioning block 4 is not tightened, the locating pin 1 moves toward the locating hole direction as the driving rod 3 moves through the abutment between the nut 81 and the end face of the elastic block 11.

[0044] A limiting pin is fixed on the inner wall of the nut 81, and an isolating ring 84 is provided between the limiting pin and the large-sized end face of the cone sleeve 82. The large-sized end face of the cone sleeve 82 is provided with a receiving hole. The elastic member 83 that presses the cone sleeve 82 against the nut 81 includes a sphere and a spring connected to the sphere. The spring is located in the receiving hole, and the spring is used to push the sphere outward until the sphere presses against the end face of the isolating ring 84.

[0045] A driving sleeve 51 is sleeved on the driving seat 6, and the driving machine 5 drives the driving sleeve 51 to rotate. In this embodiment, the output shaft of the driving machine 5 is connected to the driving sleeve 51 by a belt drive, and the driving sleeve 51 is connected to the driving seat 6 by an elastic component 61. The elastic component 61 includes a spring 612 that expands and contracts in the radial direction and a connecting piece 611 connected to the end of the spring 612. The connecting piece 611 has a spherical surface, and the spherical surface of the connecting piece 611 is located at the junction of the driving sleeve 51 and the driving seat 6. The driving seat 6 and the driving sleeve 51 are both provided with a receiving groove 600 for accommodating the spherical surface of the connecting piece 611; the specific connecting piece 611 is a metal ball, the number of elastic components 61 is at least 2, and all elastic components 61 are evenly distributed around the driving seat 6. In this embodiment, the spring 612 of the elastic component 61 is located in the receiving groove 600 in the driving seat 6, and the spring 612 can be squeezed into the same receiving groove 600 together with the connecting piece 611.

[0046] This embodiment also discloses a positioning method of a high-precision automatic positioning device, comprising the following steps: S1, insert positioning, control the positioning pin 1 to be inserted into the positioning hole, and then control the tensioning block 4 to continue to move toward the positioning hole to expand the elastic block 11, and the elastic block 11 tightens the guide hole, and the positioning is completed.

[0047] The specific insertion positioning is divided into the following steps: S11. In the initial state, the positioning pin 1 is away from the positioning hole, the driving rod 3 has not extended into the positioning hole, and the moving component 8 is close to the side of the fixed seat 7 away from the positioning hole; at this time, the driving motor 5 is started, the driving motor 5 is started, the driving sleeve 51 is driven, and the driving sleeve 51 drives the driving seat 6 to rotate under the connection of the elastic component 61. After the driving seat 6 rotates, the driving rod 3 rotates accordingly.

[0048] S12, movement of the driving rod 3 before it is inserted into the bottom of the positioning hole: after the driving rod 3 rotates, the moving assembly 8 is sleeved on the driving rod 3, and the sliding connection between the tapered sleeve 82 and the driving rod 3 makes the tapered sleeve 82 and the driving rod 3 rotate synchronously, and the tapered sleeve 82 is pressed against the nut 81 by the elastic member 83, so the nut 81 and the tapered sleeve 82 rotate as a whole, and the rotation of the nut 81 is along the fixed seat 7, so the moving assembly 8 realizes movement while rotating, and the driving rod 3 also rotates while moving. Under this action, the positioning pin 1 and the driving rod 3 continue to approach the positioning hole, and the small diameter section of the driving rod 3 is gradually inserted into the bottom of the positioning hole in a rotational movement manner.

[0049] S13. When the locating pin 1 just contacts the conical surface of the locating hole, the elastic block 11 has not been tightened. At this time, the driving rod 3 still has space to move toward one side of the locating hole. The nut 81 will no longer continue to rotate and move because it abuts against the end face of the locating pin 1 or has moved to the end of the stroke of the fixing seat 7. At this time, the driving motor 5 continues to start, and the driving rod 3 continues to rotate and move. The cone sleeve 82 idles relative to the nut 81. The continuous movement of the driving rod 3 causes the large diameter section of the driving rod 3 to press against the tightening block 4 and move toward the locating hole, so that the tightening block 4 expands the elastic block 11, and the elastic block 11 presses against the guide hole. The gap between the locating pin 1 and the guide hole is eliminated, and the positioning is completed.

[0050] S2, release positioning: it is only necessary to control the driving machine 5 to rotate in the opposite direction to realize that the driving rod 3 drives the positioning pin 1 to move out of the positioning hole. Specifically, the driving machine 5 drives the driving rod 3 to move away from the positioning hole, and drives the tension block 4 to move away from the positioning hole through the limit stopper 31 to release the expansion of the elastic block 11, and the elastic block 11 releases the tension of the guide hole, which facilitates the smooth movement of the positioning pin 1 in the guide hole. The driving rod 3 continues to move away from the positioning hole until the driving rod 3 is completely separated from the threaded connection with the bottom of the positioning hole. The driving rod 3 will continue to rotate and move under the action of the moving component 8 until the automatic positioning device completely exits the positioning hole.

[0051] In this embodiment, the driver controls the movement of the driving rod 3. When the driving rod 3 pushes the positioning pin 1 to move toward the positioning hole of the positioned member 10, the driving rod 3 pushes the tensioning block 4 to move. After the tensioning block 4 moves, it pushes the multi-petal elastic block 11 to open outward, so that the elastic block 11 on the positioning pin 1 is evenly pressed against the guide hole of the positioning seat 2, thereby eliminating the gap between the positioning pin 1 and the guide hole, ensuring the smooth movement of the positioning pin 1 along the guide hole before and after positioning, and ensuring high-precision positioning after eliminating the gap by tensioning. After tensioning, not only the radial positioning of the positioning pin 1 is achieved, but also the tensioning sets an obstacle for the axial movement of the positioning pin 1, ensuring that the positioning pin 1 is not prone to radial or axial movement, and also ensuring the positioning accuracy.

[0052] In addition, the elastic block 11 is tightly fitted with the guide hole in the positioning seat 2 under the tension of the tension block 4, so that the positioning pin 1 and the positioning seat 2 extending outward form a whole. Even if the positioned member 10 is vibrated by external force, it will not affect the positioning accuracy of the positioning assembly.

[0053] In addition, this embodiment can improve the degree of automation of the positioning device and improve the efficiency of positioning by driving the driver. In addition, for occasions where the positioning device is in a special position and is inconvenient for manual operation, it can completely replace manual operation, thereby breaking the space requirements brought by manual operation and improving positioning efficiency. The consistency of each positioning can also be ensured by driving the driver.

[0054] Embodiment 2 Embodiment 2 is further improved on the basis of Embodiment 1, as follows: In order to prevent the friction when the cone sleeve 82 is idling relative to the nut 81 from causing excessive wear on the matching position between the nut 81 and the cone sleeve 82, a limiting structure is set between the cone sleeve 82 and the drive rod 3. The limiting structure includes a limiting groove 86 and a limiting pin 85. The limiting pin 85 slides in the limiting groove 86. The limiting groove 86 is axially parallel to the drive rod 3. One of the limiting groove 86 and the limiting pin 85 is set on the large diameter section of the drive rod 3, and the other is set on the inner surface of the cone sleeve 82.

[0055] Combination Figure 5 The limit displacement nail 85 is fixed on the large diameter section of the driving rod 3, and the limit displacement groove 86 is opened on the inner hole wall of the tapered sleeve 82. When the nut 81 moves to the stroke end of the fixing seat 7 close to the positioning hole, the nut 81 no longer continues to be screwed and moved, and the driving rod 3 continues to rotate and move downward (at this time, the driving rod 3 has been inserted into the bottom of the positioning hole). The limit displacement nail 85 abuts against the groove wall of the limit displacement groove 86 close to the positioning hole, and pushes the tapered sleeve 82 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member 83 and continue to rotate and move with the driving rod 3. The tapered sleeve 82 will be separated from the abutment with the nut 81, and then ensure that the driving rod 3 continues to move in the direction of the positioning hole to ensure that the tensioning block 4 can expand the elastic block 11, and there will be no excessive friction between the tapered sleeve 82 and the nut 81, which helps to improve the service life of both.

[0056] Combination Figure 6 The limiting pin 85 is fixed on the inner hole wall of the tapered sleeve 82, and a limiting groove 86 is processed on the large diameter section of the driving rod 3. The groove wall of the limiting groove 86 away from the positioning hole can be in contact with the limiting pin 85 when the driving rod 3 continues to rotate and move while the nut 81 no longer moves, and then the groove wall of the limiting groove 86 pushes the tapered sleeve 82 to rotate and move synchronously with the driving rod 3 and overcome the elastic force of the elastic member 83 to disengage from the nut 81, thereby reducing the friction on the tapered surface and improving the matching service life of the tapered sleeve 82 and the nut 81.

[0057] Embodiment 3 Embodiment 3 is further improved on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, and the details are as follows: In order to ensure that the driving rod 3 can automatically control the driving machine 5 to stop after the positioning is completed, and can also allow the driving machine 5 to stop quickly and automatically after the positioning is released, when in use, a positioning completion switch and a positioning release switch are installed on the frame of the automatic positioning device. The positioning completion switch, the positioning release switch, and the driving machine 5 are all connected to the control module. The positioning completion switch is triggered when the positioning pin 1 completes the positioning, and the positioning release switch is triggered after the positioning pin 1 is released. After the positioning completion switch or the positioning release switch is triggered, the control module controls the driving machine 5 to stop working.

[0058] The specific positioning completion switch and positioning release switch can both adopt travel switches or induction switches.

[0059] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-precision automatic positioning device, comprising a driver, a driving rod, a positioning pin for inserting into a positioning hole, and a positioning seat with a guide hole, wherein the positioning pin is mounted on the driving rod, the driver drives the driving rod to move, and the positioning pin is slidably connected in the guide hole, characterized in that: The locating pin is provided with at least two circumferentially distributed elastic blocks at one end away from the locating hole, and also includes a stepped driving rod and a tensioning block mounted on the driving rod. The tensioning block and the elastic block can cooperate with each other in wedge surface / conical surface. The elastic block is located on the circumferential outer side of the tensioning block. The driving rod is used to push the locating pin to move. The tensioning block is coaxial with the guide hole and the locating pin. After the tensioning block expands the elastic block, the outer periphery of the elastic block abuts against the guide hole.

2. A high-precision automatic positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit stopper is fixed on the driving rod, the tensioning block is located between the limit stopper and the stepped surface of the driving rod, a limit plug rod is fixed to the free end of the elastic block, the limit plug rod faces the driving rod, and the limit plug rod is used to abut against the end surface of the tensioning block.

3. A high-precision automatic positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driver is used to drive the driving rod to rotate and move at the same time, the driving rod passes through the positioning pin, and the driving rod is used to be inserted into the bottom of the positioning hole and threadedly connected.

4. A high-precision automatic positioning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driver includes a driving motor, a driving seat, a fixed seat and a moving component connected to the fixed seat through threads, the driving motor is used to drive the driving seat to rotate, the driving rod is axially slidably connected to the driving seat, the moving component includes a nut, a tapered sleeve sleeved in the nut, and an elastic member used to press the tapered sleeve against the tapered hole in the nut, the nut and the tapered sleeve are coaxial with the driving rod, the nut is threadedly connected in the fixed seat, and the tapered sleeve is axially slidably connected to the driving rod.

5. A high-precision automatic positioning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A blocking piece is also fixed on the driving rod, and the blocking piece is used to abut against the small-sized end face of the cone sleeve. The blocking piece and the positioning pin are located on both sides of the nut, and the blocking piece is used to abut against the driving seat.

6. A high-precision automatic positioning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A limiting groove and a connecting column are provided between the driving rod and the tapered sleeve. The connecting column is axially slidably connected in the limiting groove. One of the connecting column and the limiting groove is arranged on the driving rod and the other is arranged on the tapered sleeve.

7. A high-precision automatic positioning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving seat is covered with a driving sleeve, and the driving motor drives the driving sleeve to rotate. The driving sleeve and the driving seat are connected by an elastic component. The elastic component includes a spring that expands and contracts in the radial direction and a connecting piece located at the end of the spring. The connecting piece has a spherical surface, and the spherical surface of the connecting piece is located at the junction of the driving sleeve and the driving seat. Both the driving seat and the driving sleeve are provided with a receiving groove for accommodating the spherical surface of the connecting piece.

8. A high-precision automatic positioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The positioning pin and the positioning hole are matched with each other through a conical surface.

9. A positioning method for a high-precision automatic positioning device, characterized in that: The high-precision automatic positioning device as described in any one of claims 2 to 7 is used to position the positioned part, and the positioning steps are as follows: The positioning pin is controlled to be inserted into the positioning hole, and then the tensioning block is controlled to continue to move toward the positioning hole to expand the elastic block, and the elastic block tightens the guide hole, and the positioning is completed.

10. The positioning method of a high-precision automatic positioning device according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a positioning completion switch, which is triggered when the positioning pin completes positioning, and the driver stops working after the positioning completion switch is triggered.

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