Diamond cutter for trimming internal gearing honing grinding wheel and use method of diamond cutter

Abstract

The invention provides a diamond cutter for trimming an inner gearing honing grinding wheel. The diamond cutter comprises an annular cutter base body and a diamond layer arranged on the front side of the cutter base body. The diamond layer and the cutter base body are coaxially fixed; and modification helical teeth are arranged on the periphery of the diamond layer, so that end face tooth blades of the modification helical teeth are used for trimming the honing grinding wheel. The diamond cutter is of an outer tooth-shaped bevel gear structure, when meshing finishing is conducted on the honing grinding wheel, material removal is conducted on the honing grinding wheel only by means of the end face tooth blades of the modification bevel teeth on the diamond layer, the modification bevel teeth are provided with modification tooth shapes, tooth shape modification of the honing grinding wheel can be achieved, and the honing grinding wheel is not prone to being damaged. Meanwhile, the gear honing machine tool moves to drive the diamond cutter to realize tooth direction modification on the tooth surface of the honing grinding wheel; due to the fact that the tooth surfaces of the modification helical teeth are not in contact with the tooth surfaces of the honing grinding wheels, the device can be suitable for finishing the honing grinding wheels with different tooth direction modification requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grinding processing, in particular to a diamond tool. Background Art

[0002] Gears are key basic components in industry and are used in almost every field of the national economy. The internal meshing high-power honing process is a typical hard tooth surface finishing process method, which uses a honing wheel with an internal helical tooth shape to grind the tooth shape and tooth direction of the gear workpiece. The honing process can form an arc-shaped tooth surface texture on the workpiece tooth surface that is inclined along the tooth top and tooth root direction, eliminate the high-frequency noise source generated by the regular texture of the grinding gear, and improve the surface load rate. With the increasing improvement of gear precision in modern industry, the honing process has gradually replaced grinding as the final process to improve the meshing characteristics and noise of gears.

[0003] During the honing process, due to the existence of grinding force and grinding temperature, the abrasive on the surface of the honing wheel will inevitably wear, and the honing wheel tooth profile accuracy will be lost, resulting in a decrease in the profile accuracy and surface quality of the gear workpiece, causing vibration, noise and other phenomena. Therefore, the honing wheel needs to be dressed. At present, the honing wheel used for internal meshing honing generally uses an electroplated diamond dressing wheel with the same shape as the workpiece gear to replace the workpiece and place it in the workpiece position of the high-power honing machine. The honing wheel is dressed through the meshing movement of the two.

[0004] However, in this dressing method, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the dressing wheel and the gear workpiece, that is, one dressing wheel can only correspond to one honing wheel with a shaping requirement, which makes the application range of each dressing wheel small and reduces the practicality of the dressing wheel. In addition, the manufacturing process of the electroplated roller is complicated and the manufacturing cycle is long. If it is used for honing wheels with different shaping requirements, multiple different dressing wheels need to be manufactured, resulting in high costs.

[0005] The utility model patent with the announcement date of 2013-07-10 and the announcement number CN203045529U discloses a worm grinding wheel dressing tool, including a diamond grinding wheel, the diamond grinding wheel is two pieces, the working inclined surfaces of the two diamond grinding wheels are arranged facing each other, a gasket is arranged between the two diamond grinding wheels, and the two diamond grinding wheels are fixed on the grinding machine shaft. The purpose of this utility model patent is to provide a worm grinding wheel dressing tool, which uses a double diamond grinding wheel and a gasket, can perform various gear grinding processes, and can meet the requirements of the designed tooth shape and tooth top trimming. However, the above patent cannot be used for the trimming of honing grinding wheels.

[0006] The invention patent with publication date 2024-05-31 and publication number CN118106886A discloses a desktop grinding wheel dresser, which includes an adaptive dressing structure and a cooling structure; the cooling structure includes a cooling water groove arranged in the axial direction of the pen holder of the diamond dressing pen; the adaptive dressing structure includes a piston rod with a spring sleeve at the bottom of the diamond dressing pen, and the bottom of the diamond dressing pen is provided with a dressing pen seat with bearings at both ends, and the adaptive dressing structure also includes a pull rod on the side of the grinding wheel dresser that cooperates with the piston rod and the dressing pen seat. There is no need to set up an additional cooling device, and the cooling water is sprayed along the axial direction of the tool to achieve a good cooling effect, which effectively extends the practical life of the tool; when the diamond pen is dressing a special-shaped grinding wheel, it can adapt to the shape of the grinding wheel, maintain a certain angle with the outer contour of the grinding wheel, and improve the dressing efficiency of the grinding wheel. However, the above patent cannot be used for the shaping of honing grinding wheels.

[0007] The invention application with publication date 2024-07-23 and publication number CN118371794A discloses a dresser structure and parameter design method for dressing honing wheels. It includes: step one: determine the dressing wheel measuring rod span M2 according to the parameters of the processed gear; step two: calculate the dressing wheel tooth top circle diameter da2; step three: calculate the dressing wheel tooth root circle diameter dg2; step four: calculate the dressing wheel effective tooth root circle diameter dnf2; step five: calculate the dressing wheel effective tooth top circle diameter dna2; step six: design a dressing wheel for the dresser structure for dressing honing wheels according to the parameters obtained in steps one, two, three, four and five. However, the dressing wheel calculated by the application cannot be used for the shaping of honing wheels with different shaping requirements. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a diamond tool for dressing an internal meshing honing wheel, which is used to solve the problem in the prior art that one dressing tool can only correspond to one honing wheel with a shaping requirement. The present invention can be applied to the dressing of honing wheels with multiple shaping requirements through one tool, has high flexibility and short manufacturing cycle, improves the practicality of a single shaping tool, and reduces costs.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows: A diamond tool for dressing an internal meshing honing wheel comprises an annular tool base and a diamond layer arranged on the front side of the tool base; the diamond layer is coaxially fixed with the tool base; and a trimming bevel tooth is arranged on the outer periphery of the diamond layer so that the end face tooth edge of the trimming bevel tooth is used for dressing the honing wheel. The diamond tool of the present invention is an external toothed bevel gear structure. When the honing wheel is meshed and trimmed, the honing wheel is only removed by the end face tooth edge of the trimming bevel tooth on the diamond layer. The trimming bevel tooth has a trimming tooth shape, which can achieve the tooth shape trimming of the honing wheel. At the same time, the movement of the honing machine tool drives the diamond tool to achieve the tooth direction trimming of the tooth surface of the honing wheel. Since the tooth surface of the trimming bevel tooth has no contact with the tooth surface of the honing wheel, it can be applied to the trimming of honing wheels with different tooth direction trimming requirements.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to form a more suitable end face tooth edge between the tooth surface of the modified helical tooth and the front end face of the modified helical tooth, the back angle of the diamond tool is 5 to 10 degrees.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to make the end face tooth edge of the modified helical tooth sharper and improve the dressing effect, the front angle of the diamond tool is 5 to 10 degrees.

[0012] Furthermore, in order to provide a better support for the modified bevel teeth on the diamond layer, base bevel teeth are provided on the periphery of the tool base.

[0013] Furthermore, in order to provide a better support for the modified bevel teeth on the diamond layer, the base bevel teeth correspond to the modified bevel teeth one by one, and the rear end face of the base bevel teeth is fitted and fixed to the front end face of the modified bevel teeth.

[0014] Furthermore, in order to avoid interference of the base helical teeth on the shaping process of the modified helical teeth, the longitudinal section size of the base helical teeth is an equidistant reduction of the modified helical teeth.

[0015] Furthermore, in order to provide a better support for the modified helical teeth on the diamond layer, the tooth thickness of the base helical teeth is equal to the tooth thickness of the modified helical teeth.

[0016] Furthermore, to ensure the cutting angle of the modified helical teeth on the diamond tool while avoiding interference, the tooth thickness of the modified helical teeth is smaller than the tooth thickness of the gear workpiece processed by the corresponding honing wheel, and the helix angle of the modified helical teeth is smaller than the helix angle of the gear workpiece.

[0017] Furthermore, in order to ensure reliable and stable fixation of the diamond layer to the tool base, the diamond layer is fixed to the front end surface of the tool base by brazing.

[0018] The method for preparing a diamond tool for dressing an internal meshing honing wheel as described in any of the above items comprises clamping the diamond tool at the workpiece position of a gear honing machine, and installing the diamond tool at an axial intersection angle γ with the honing wheel to be dressed, and achieving tooth profile modification of the honing wheel through spatial meshing movement of the diamond tool and the honing wheel; at the same time, controlling the diamond tool to move along the tooth direction of the honing wheel through the movement of the gear honing machine to achieve tooth direction modification of the honing wheel.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The diamond tool of the present invention is an external toothed helical gear structure. When the honing wheel is meshed and trimmed, the material of the honing wheel is removed only by the end face tooth profile of the diamond layer. The end face tooth profile has a trimming tooth profile, which can realize the tooth profile trimming of the honing wheel; 2. The tooth surface of the diamond tool of the present invention has no contact with the tooth surface of the honing wheel, and the tooth profile of the honing wheel tooth surface is modified by combining with the movement of the machine tool, so it can be applied to the dressing of honing wheels with different tooth profile modification requirements; 3. The present invention sets a gear-shaped diamond tool and sets the back angle of the gear to a smaller acute angle. The honing wheel is modified only by the tooth edge between the tooth surface and the front end surface of the tooth to form a cutting edge, so that the tooth surface and the tooth surface of the honing wheel are not in contact, so that the honing wheel can be applied to the dressing of various tooth modification requirements. 4. When manufacturing the diamond tool of the present invention, only the end face tooth profile needs to be processed, and the tooth direction of the diamond layer tooth surface does not need to be modified. The manufacturing accuracy is easier to ensure, avoiding the disadvantages of the traditional dressing wheel that requires precision processing of the end face tooth profile and tooth surface tooth direction, which is difficult to manufacture; 5. The diamond tool of the present invention does not have a one-to-one correspondence with the honing grinding wheel to be dressed, which gets rid of the disadvantage of the one-to-one correspondence between the traditional electroplated diamond dressing wheel and the honing grinding wheel, reduces the manufacturing difficulty of the dressing tool and the cost of the honing process, and improves the processing efficiency and precision; 6. The tooth surface of the diamond tool of the present invention has no contact with the tooth surface of the honing wheel, thus avoiding the problem of the diamond tool threshing and damaging the surface of the honing wheel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the diamond layer of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tool base of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the trimming process of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals in the figures: 100. Diamond layer, 101. Modified helical teeth, 1011. End tooth edge, 1012. Tooth surface, 102. Tooth front end surface, 103. Diamond layer rear end surface, 104. Diamond layer inner hole, 200. Tool base, 201. Base front end surface, 202. Base inner hole, 203. Base helical teeth, 300. Honing wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1~Figure 5 As shown, a diamond tool for dressing an internal meshing honing wheel according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is a gear-shaped diamond tool, and the gear-shaped diamond tool includes an annular tool base 200 and a diamond layer 100 arranged on the front side of the tool base 20. Figure 3 As shown, the tool base 200 is a cylindrical helical external gear structure. The tool base 200 is made of metal material. Figure 2As shown, the diamond layer 100 of the diamond tool is also a cylindrical helical gear external gear structure, and the diamond layer 100 is coaxially fixed with the tool base 200. A modified helical tooth 101 is provided on the outer periphery of the diamond layer 100, and the modified helical tooth 101 has a modified tooth shape, and an end face tooth edge 1011 is formed between the tooth surface 1012 of the modified helical tooth 101 and the front end face 102 of the tooth as a cutting edge, which is used to dress the honing grinding wheel 300 to be dressed. When the diamond tool is working, it is clamped on the gear honing machine to perform meshing dressing on the honing wheel. The diamond tool only relies on the end tooth edge 1011 to remove material from the honing wheel, so as to achieve tooth profile modification of the honing wheel. At the same time, the movement of the gear honing machine drives the diamond tool to move in the tooth direction relative to the honing wheel, so as to achieve tooth profile modification of the tooth surface of the honing wheel. Since the tooth surface 1012 of the modified helical tooth 101 has no contact with the tooth surface of the honing wheel during the dressing process, it is suitable for the dressing of honing wheels with different tooth profile modification requirements.

[0029] In Example 2, the back angle of the diamond tool, i.e., the gear-shaped diamond tool, is 5 to 10 degrees, i.e., the inclination angle of the modified helical tooth 101 relative to the axial direction of the gear-shaped diamond tool is 5 to 10 degrees, so that the end tooth edge 1011 of the modified helical tooth 101 can better dress the honing wheel 300.

[0030] It is the same as Example 1.

[0031] In Example 3, the front angle of the diamond tool, i.e., the gear-shaped diamond tool, is 5 to 10 degrees, i.e., the front end face of the diamond layer is not perpendicular to the axis of the gear-shaped diamond tool. Specifically, in the cross section of the gear-shaped diamond tool after longitudinal section along the axial direction, there is an angle of 5 to 10 degrees between the straight edge on the front end face and the diameter of the diamond tool, so that the end face tooth edge 1011 of the modified helical tooth 101 is sharper.

[0032] It is the same as Example 1.

[0033] Embodiment 4, as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the outer periphery of the tool base 200 is provided with base bevel teeth 203. And the base bevel teeth 203 correspond to the modified bevel teeth 101 one by one, that is, the number of the base bevel teeth 203 and the modified bevel teeth 101 is the same, and the rear end surface of the base bevel teeth 203 is fixedly attached to the front end surface of the modified bevel teeth 101.

[0034] Furthermore, the tooth thickness of the base helical tooth 203 is also equal to the tooth thickness of the modified helical tooth 101 .

[0035] In addition, if Figure 3As shown, only the portion of the outer periphery of the tool base 200 close to the diamond layer 100 is provided with the base bevel teeth 203, and the outer periphery away from the diamond layer 100 is not provided with the base bevel teeth 203, and the outer periphery without the base bevel teeth 203 is a smooth surface. The total thickness of the tool base 200 is twice the tooth thickness of the base bevel teeth 203. Assuming that the tooth thickness of the base bevel teeth 203 and the tooth thickness of the modified bevel teeth 101 are both B, the total thickness of the tool base 200 is 2B.

[0036] It is the same as Example 1.

[0037] Embodiment 5, as Figure 4 As shown, the longitudinal section size of the base helical teeth 203 is an equidistant reduction of the trimmed helical teeth 101, so as to avoid interference between the tool base 200 and the honing wheel 300 to be trimmed.

[0038] It is the same as Example 1.

[0039] Embodiment 6: The tooth thickness of the modified helical tooth 101 is less than the tooth thickness of the gear workpiece processed by the corresponding honing wheel 300. And the tooth thickness of the modified helical tooth 101 is less than half of the gear workpiece. Assuming that the tooth thickness of the gear workpiece processed by the honing wheel 300 to be trimmed is b, the tooth thickness B of the modified helical tooth 101 is ≤ b / 2.

[0040] Furthermore, the helix angle of the modified helical tooth 101 is smaller than the helix angle of the gear workpiece, which can further avoid interference during the dressing process.

[0041] In addition, the number of teeth, module, pressure angle and other basic gear parameters of the diamond layer 100 of the cylindrical helical external gear structure are the same as those of the processed gear workpiece.

[0042] It is the same as Example 1.

[0043] In Example 7, a coaxial base inner hole 202 is provided in the middle of the tool base 200 . A diamond layer inner hole 104 coaxial with the tool base 200 is provided in the diamond layer 100 , and the diameter of the diamond layer inner hole 104 is slightly larger than the base inner hole 202 .

[0044] It is the same as Example 1.

[0045] Example 8, taking a certain diamond tool for honing wheel dressing as an example, the parameters of the honing wheel for processing gear workpieces are: normal module 3.26, pressure angle 19.5°, number of teeth 36, pitch circle helix angle 27.488°, pitch circle diameter 132.295mm, base circle diameter 122.868mm, and tooth width 55mm.

[0046] In this embodiment, the modified helical teeth 101 of the diamond tool have a modified tooth profile, and the tooth profile is the same as the tooth profile of the gear workpiece. The diamond layer tooth thickness B is narrower than the gear workpiece tooth thickness b, and B=15mm. In order to ensure the cutting angle of the tool and avoid interference, the helix angle β of the diamond layer is generally smaller than the helix angle of the gear, and β is taken as 10°. The number of teeth, module, pressure angle and other basic parameters of the diamond layer are the same as those of the processed gear workpiece. The diameter of the inner hole 104 of the diamond layer is slightly larger than the inner hole 202 of the base, and is taken as 75.5mm.

[0047] The tool base 200 of the diamond tool has a structure as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the inner hole 202 of the base is the reference surface for tool installation, and the single tooth structure of the base helical teeth 203 of the tool base 200 is the equidistant reduction of the modified helical teeth 101 of the diamond layer by 0.5 mm. Figure 4 The number of teeth, tooth thickness and other parameters of the base helical teeth 203 on the tool base 200 are the same as those of the modified helical teeth 101 of the diamond layer. The total thickness of the tool base 200 is 30 mm, and the diameter of the base inner hole 202 is 75 mm.

[0048] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0049] Embodiment 9, the preparation process of the diamond tool is as follows: S1: First, a disk-shaped polycrystalline diamond blank is prepared by a known high temperature and high pressure method, and a laser cutting technology is used to control the laser to be perpendicular to the end face of the diamond blank for rough cutting, so that the diamond blank is cut into straight teeth.

[0050] S2: The base material is made of metal material, including but not limited to 45 steel, 40Cr, 42CrMo, etc.; in this embodiment, the base material is 40Cr and a five-axis machining center is used to process the base tooth structure, and the inner hole and end face of the base are ground.

[0051] S3: The diamond layer rear end face 103 and the substrate front end face 201 are fixedly connected together by brazing, and the phase of each tooth is aligned.

[0052] S4: The welded diamond tool is positioned through the inner hole 202 of the base, installed on the workpiece core shaft of the five-axis laser processing equipment, and the laser is controlled to process along the tooth surface of the diamond layer to form a spiral bevel tooth structure and realize the shaping of the diamond layer tooth shape.

[0053] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0054] Embodiment 10, the method of using the diamond tool is as follows: The diamond tool is positioned through the inner hole 202 of the base, clamped in the workpiece position of the powerful gear honing machine, and installed at a certain axis angle γ with the honing wheel to be trimmed, such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the tooth profile of the honing wheel is modified by the spatial meshing movement of the diamond tool and the honing wheel, and the tool is controlled to move in the tooth direction by the machine tool movement to modify the tooth direction of the honing wheel. The use of this tool to dress the honing wheel has high efficiency and good precision. The dressed honing wheel can meet the honing processing requirements of the gear workpiece.

[0055] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that any modification to the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or any equivalent replacement of some or all of the technical features therein, within the spirit and principles of the present invention, and such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diamond tool for dressing an internal meshing honing wheel, characterized in that: The invention comprises an annular tool base (200) and a diamond layer (100) arranged on the front side of the tool base (20); the diamond layer (100) and the tool base (200) are coaxially fixed; and a trimming bevel tooth (101) is arranged on the outer periphery of the diamond layer (100) so that the end face tooth edge (1011) of the trimming bevel tooth (101) is used for trimming a honing grinding wheel (300).

2. The diamond tool for dressing an internal meshing honing wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back angle of the diamond tool is 5 to 10 degrees.

3. The diamond tool for dressing an internal meshing honing wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front angle of the diamond tool is 5 to 10 degrees.

4. The diamond tool for dressing an internal meshing honing wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the tool base (200) is provided with base helical teeth (203).

5. The diamond tool for dressing an internal meshing honing wheel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base bevel teeth (203) correspond to the modified bevel teeth (101) one by one, and the rear end surface of the base bevel teeth (203) is fitted and fixed to the front end surface of the modified bevel teeth (101).

6. The diamond tool for dressing an internal meshing honing wheel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The longitudinal section size of the base helical tooth (203) is an equidistant reduction of the modified helical tooth (101).

7. The diamond tool for dressing an internal meshing honing wheel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tooth thickness of the base helical teeth (203) is equal to the tooth thickness of the modified helical teeth (101).

8. The diamond tool for dressing an internal meshing honing wheel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tooth thickness of the modified helical teeth (101) is smaller than the tooth thickness of a gear workpiece processed by the honing grinding wheel (300) to be modified, and the helix angle of the modified helical teeth (101) is smaller than the helix angle of the gear workpiece.

9. The diamond tool for dressing an internal meshing honing wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or 5 to 8, characterized in that: The diamond layer (100) is fixed on the front end surface (201) of the tool base (20) by brazing.

10. The method for using a diamond tool for dressing an internal meshing honing wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises clamping a diamond tool at a workpiece position of a gear honing machine, and installing the diamond tool and a honing wheel (300) to be trimmed at an axial intersection angle γ, and achieving tooth profile trimming of the honing wheel through spatial meshing movement of the diamond tool and the honing wheel; and simultaneously controlling the movement of the gear honing machine to control the diamond tool to move along the tooth direction of the honing wheel, thereby achieving tooth direction trimming of the honing wheel.

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