Biological treatment agent for fermentation bed and preparation method of biological fermentation bed

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fermentation beds, and discloses a biological treatment agent for a fermentation bed and a preparation method of the biological fermentation bed, and the biological treatment agent is composed of a microbial strain, an enzyme preparation, an adsorbent and an auxiliary agent; comprising the following steps: step 1, preparing a fermentation bed carrier; step 2, preparing a biological treatment agent for the fermentation bed; step 3, laying the fermentation bed carrier to form a cushion layer; and step 4, uniformly spreading microbial strains. According to the preparation method, functional strains including the acidophilic lactic acid bacteria and the aspergillus niger which are high in moisture resistance and wide in adaptability are added, the strains are high in activity in the humid environment and can better deal with humidity changes in the southern humid environment, and in order to enhance the adaptability to the humid environment, a carrier material with high moisture absorption capacity is selected; natural mineral materials bentonite and diatomite are added, so that the humidity can be adjusted, harmful substances in the environment can be adsorbed, and the stability of the fermentation bed is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fermentation beds, and in particular to a biological treatment agent for a fermentation bed and a method for preparing a biological fermentation bed. Background Art

[0002] In traditional fermentation bed farming technology, the degradation effect of microbial communities is the core of keeping the farming environment clean and reducing pollution emissions. The fermentation bed uses microorganisms to decompose organic matter in livestock and poultry manure and convert it into harmless fertilizer or energy, thereby realizing the recycling of resources. However, in practical applications, the fermentation bed technology still faces some urgent problems to be solved, especially in terms of insufficient resistance to external pollutants and adaptability to the humid environment in the south.

[0003] First, the microbial flora in the fermentation bed biological treatment agent often shows weak adaptability in highly polluted environments. Although the microorganisms used in many existing products can effectively degrade organic matter under normal conditions, they have poor resistance to heavy metals, harmful gases (such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, etc.) and pathogens. The interference of these external pollutants may inhibit the activity of microorganisms, resulting in unstable fermentation effects, thereby affecting the long-term operation of the fermentation bed and the environmental purification effect. In addition, the imbalance of the microbial community may also cause other problems, such as the generation of odor and reduced degradation efficiency.

[0004] Secondly, the humid climate conditions in the south have brought more challenges to the application of fermentation bed technology. The high humidity, frequent precipitation and low temperature in the south often make the fermentation bed environment in an overly humid state, which may not only lead to excessive moisture and poor ventilation inside the fermentation bed, but also reduce the activity of microorganisms. An overly humid environment can easily lead to incomplete fermentation, resulting in the accumulation of harmful gases and odors, which in turn affects the sanitary conditions of the breeding environment. Especially during the rainy season or periods of heavy humidity, the microbial population in the biological treatment agent is easily disturbed by moisture, resulting in a significant decrease in its activity and an inability to efficiently decompose organic matter or control pathogens.

[0005] To this end, we propose a biological treatment agent for a fermentation bed and a method for preparing a biological fermentation bed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention mainly solves the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and provides a biological treatment agent for a fermentation bed and a method for preparing a biological fermentation bed.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a biological treatment agent for a fermentation bed, comprising the following components, by weight: 65-75 parts of microbial strains, 10-20 parts of enzyme preparations, 5-15 parts of adsorbents and 3-8 parts of auxiliary agents; The microbial strains are composed of the following components by weight percentage: 30-40% lactic acid bacteria, 10-20% bacillus, 10-15% yeast, 10-15% actinomycetes, 10-20% acidophilic lactic acid bacteria, and 10% Aspergillus niger; The enzyme preparation is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 30-50% cellulase, 10-20% amylase, 10-20% protease, 2-5% catalase, and 2-5% superoxide dismutase; The adsorbent is composed of the following components by weight: activated carbon accounts for 40-80%, zeolite accounts for 10-25%, and plant activated carbon accounts for 10-25%; The additives are composed of the following ingredients in weight percentage: urea accounts for 20-30%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate accounts for 20-30%, selenium accounts for 3-10%, zinc accounts for 2-4%, molybdenum accounts for 3-10%, vitamin C accounts for 2-6%, and vitamin E accounts for 4-10%.

[0008] A method for preparing a biological fermentation bed is also provided, comprising the following steps: Step 1, preparing a fermentation bed carrier, the fermentation bed carrier is composed of the following components in weight percentage: a main carrier material accounts for 50-80%, bentonite accounts for 20-25%, and diatomaceous earth accounts for 20-25%, wherein the main carrier material is any one of corn flour, wheat bran or sawdust, and a non-toxic, harmless, impure main carrier material is used as a bedding during preparation to ensure that the bedding is dry and free of moisture to avoid excessive impurities in the bedding; Step 2, preparing a biotreatment agent for a fermentation bed as claimed in claim 1, diluting the biotreatment agent for the fermentation bed with a ratio of 1:5 of microbial strains to wheat sugar, wheat bran or corn flour, and uniformly mixing with other auxiliary materials, wherein the other auxiliary materials are enzyme preparations, adsorbents and additives; Step 3: Lay a fermentation bed carrier to form a cushion layer. Lay the cushion material in the cleaned pen. The thickness of the fermentation bed carrier should be determined according to the needs of different animals. Step 4: Evenly spread the microbial strains. During the laying of the fermentation bed carrier, spread the biological treatment agent while laying the bedding to ensure that the strains are evenly distributed in the bedding.

[0009] Preferably, in step 3, the thickness of the fermentation bed for cattle, sheep and pigs should be no less than 50 cm; the thickness of the fermentation bed for chickens, rabbits and snakes should be no less than 40 cm.

[0010] Preferably, in step 4, when sowing the bacterial strain on each layer of bedding, be sure to keep it dry to avoid affecting the activity of the bacterial strain.

[0011] Preferably, in cold seasons or low-temperature areas, fresh feces can be buried in the cushion layer and covered with sawdust for a quick start, thereby accelerating the activity of microorganisms and ensuring that the fermentation bed is put into use quickly.

[0012] Preferably, the litter is turned over regularly to increase its air permeability and maintain appropriate humidity, and new litter and biological treatment agents are added according to the decomposition of the litter to ensure that the fermentation process continues and maintain a good microbial environment.

[0013] The present invention provides a biological treatment agent for a fermentation bed and a method for preparing a biological fermentation bed. It has the following beneficial effects: (1) The biological treatment agent for the fermentation bed and the preparation method of the biological fermentation bed have excellent humidity regulation and gas adsorption capabilities. The fermentation bed carrier added with bentonite can effectively regulate humidity and adsorb harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, thereby improving environmental quality. It is more suitable for the relatively humid climate in the south.

[0014] (2) In the biological treatment agent for the fermentation bed and the method for preparing the biological fermentation bed, the addition of diatomaceous earth increases the stability of the carrier and avoids the phenomenon of hardening of the fermentation bed. The fermentation bed containing diatomaceous earth shows good performance in terms of temperature, humidity and air permeability, further increasing the adaptability to the relatively humid climate in the south.

[0015] (3) In the biotreatment agent for the fermentation bed and the preparation method of the biofermentation bed, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other additives provide nutrients required by microorganisms, and trace elements such as selenium and zinc enhance the metabolic activity of microorganisms, promote their rapid growth and reproduction, and thus improve the efficiency of waste decomposition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a test result diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a test result diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a test result diagram of comparative example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a graph showing the test item results of Comparative Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a graph showing the results of three test items in the comparative example of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a result diagram of the fermentation bed carrier monitoring item of the present invention; Figure 7 The present invention is a flow chart for preparing a fermentation bed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: A biotreatment agent for a fermentation bed is mainly composed of microbial strains, a fermentation bed carrier, an enzyme preparation, an adsorbent and an auxiliary agent, which are calculated by weight as follows: 65 parts of microbial strains, 10 parts of enzyme preparations, 5 parts of adsorbents and 3 parts of auxiliary agents.

[0020] The microbial strains are composed of the following components in terms of weight percentage: 30% lactic acid bacteria; 10% bacillus; 15% yeast; 15% actinomycetes; 20% acidophilic lactic acid bacteria; and 10% Aspergillus niger.

[0021] Among them, the proportion of lactic acid bacteria and acidophilic lactic acid bacteria is relatively high, which can help improve the acidic environment of the fermentation bed, which is conducive to the decomposition of organic matter and the inhibition of pathogens. Bacillus and Aspergillus niger enhance the adaptability of biological treatment agents in the humid environment of the south through their moisture resistance and ability to efficiently decompose organic matter. The addition of yeast and actinomycetes enhances the adaptability to humid environments and improves the degradation efficiency of complex organic matter.

[0022] The enzyme preparation is composed of the following components by weight percentage: Cellulase 30-50%, cellulase is mainly used to decompose cellulose and promote the decomposition of organic matter, especially playing a key role in the decomposition of agricultural and forestry waste (such as straw, stalks, etc.); 10-20% amylase, which can decompose starchy organic matter and help degrade animal feed residues and other waste containing starch; Protease 10-20%, which helps to decompose protein-based organic matter and promotes the degradation of protein in livestock and poultry manure, thereby accelerating the fermentation process; Catalase (antioxidant enzyme) 2-5%. Catalase can help decompose hydrogen peroxide and other oxides in external pollutants, improve the antioxidant capacity of microorganisms, and reduce the impact of oxides on microbial activity; Superoxide dismutase (antioxidant enzyme) 2-5%. Superoxide dismutase can effectively remove free radicals and superoxide anions, improve the adaptability of microorganisms to environmental pollution, and enhance their activity in harsh environments.

[0023] The adsorbent is composed of the following components in terms of weight percentage: Activated carbon accounts for 40-80%. Activated carbon is a highly efficient adsorption material, widely used to adsorb harmful gases (such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide) and moisture. It can adsorb gases and moisture, help reduce odors and keep the fermentation bed dry; Zeolite accounts for 10-25%. Zeolite not only has good water absorption performance, but also can absorb harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, and has strong heavy metal adsorption capacity; Plant activated carbon accounts for 10-25%. Plant activated carbon has a good performance in absorbing harmful gases and removing odors. The porous structure of plant activated carbon gives it a strong adsorption capacity, especially suitable for humid environments; The additives are composed of the following components by weight percentage: Urea accounts for 20-30%. As the main nutrient source for microorganisms, nitrogen source helps promote the growth and reproduction of bacterial flora; Potassium dihydrogen phosphate accounts for 20-30%. Phosphorus is one of the key elements for the growth of microbial cells, which helps promote the metabolic process of microorganisms and enhance the activity of bacterial flora; Selenium 3-10%, selenium is an important element for microbial growth and antioxidant capacity, and can enhance the pollution resistance and antioxidant capacity of microorganisms; Zinc 2-4%, zinc helps enzyme activity and microbial metabolism, especially in the degradation of harmful substances; Molybdenum 3-10%, Mo is an essential element for microbial metabolism, especially plays a key role in certain denitrifying bacteria and nitrogen metabolism; Vitamin C accounts for 2-6%. Vitamin C has strong antioxidant properties and can protect microorganisms from peroxidation damage in oxygen-rich or oxidative environments; Vitamin E accounts for 4-10%. Vitamin E is also an important fat-soluble antioxidant that can reduce the damage of free radicals to microorganisms and enhance their adaptability in humid environments.

[0024] Add appropriate amount of auxiliary agent to the mixture of the above-mentioned prepared microbial strains, enzyme preparations and adsorbents, and stir them evenly. Ferment the mixture at a suitable temperature for 24 hours to promote the growth and activity of microorganisms. After fermentation, dry the product to obtain the final biological treatment agent.

[0025] Finally, the biological treatment agent was evenly spread on the fermentation bed where the organic waste was piled, and the treatment was carried out for 30 days to observe indicators such as the waste decomposition rate, odor removal effect and ammonia emission.

[0026] In Example 1, a biological treatment agent composed of a combination of microbial strains, enzyme preparations, adsorbents and additives was used. After 30 days of treatment, the experimental results showed that the waste decomposition rate was very fast, and about 90% of the waste was decomposed within 30 days. The odor removal effect was significant, the odor was reduced by 80%, and the odor generated by organic waste during the fermentation process was effectively removed. At the same time, the emission of ammonia was also significantly reduced, down 70%. The temperature of the fermentation bed rose to 50°C and remained stable, which shows that the treatment agent can promote the temperature rise during the fermentation process and help accelerate the metabolic process of microorganisms. The humidity is maintained between 60% and 65%, which is conducive to the growth and activity of microorganisms and further improves the waste treatment effect.

[0027] Example 2: Application of fermentation bed with different strain ratios A biological treatment agent for a fermentation bed, comprising, by weight: 75 parts of microbial strains, 20 parts of enzyme preparations, 15 parts of adsorbents and 8 parts of auxiliary agents, wherein the microbial strains are composed of the following components by weight percentage: 40% lactic acid bacteria, 20% bacillus, 10% yeast, 10% actinomycetes, 10% acidophilic lactic acid bacteria and 10% Aspergillus niger; the enzyme preparations, adsorbents and auxiliary agents are the same as those in Example 1.

[0028] The preparation steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0029] Apply the adjusted biological treatment agent to the fermentation bed, and monitor data such as waste decomposition, temperature, humidity, and gas changes over a 30-day period.

[0030] In Example 2, the ratio of microbial strains was changed, the proportion of lactic acid bacteria was increased to 40%, and the proportion of other strains such as Bacillus, yeast, etc. was reduced accordingly. Although the microbial combination is different, the experimental results show that the waste decomposition speed is still relatively fast, and about 90% of the waste is decomposed within 25 days. Compared with Example 1, although the waste decomposition speed is slightly slower, the odor removal effect and the effect of reducing ammonia emissions are still obvious, the odor is reduced by 75%, and the ammonia emissions are reduced by 65%. The temperature is stabilized at 45°C and the humidity is maintained between 55% and 60%. Although the change of strains will have a certain impact on the fermentation effect, the overall treatment effect is still good.

[0031] Comparative Example 1: Comparison between single strain and multiple strains A biological treatment agent for a fermentation bed, using only lactic acid bacteria as microbial strains, and the enzyme preparation, adsorbent, and auxiliary agent are the same as those in Example 1.

[0032] The preparation steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0033] The single-strain treatment agent was compared with the multi-strain treatment agent in Example 1 under the same conditions to observe the waste decomposition speed, odor removal effect, etc.

[0034] The experiment of comparative example 1 compares the effects of a single strain (50% lactic acid bacteria) and a multi-species (Example 1) biological treatment agent. The results show that the treatment speed of a single strain is slow, and the waste decomposition rate only reaches 80% within 40 days, which is significantly lower than the 90% decomposition effect of the multi-species treatment agent within 30 days. In addition, the odor removal effect of a single strain is also weak, with a 50% reduction in odor, while the odor removal effect of the multi-species treatment agent is significant, with a reduction of 80%. In terms of ammonia emissions, the reduction of a single strain is 40%, while the reduction of a multi-species is 70%. The changes in temperature and humidity also show differences. The temperature of a single strain is stable at 40°C and the humidity is maintained at 60%, while the temperature of the multi-species treatment agent is stable at 50°C and the humidity is slightly higher, maintained between 60% and 65%. By comparison, it can be seen that the multi-species formula performs better in waste decomposition, odor removal and ammonia emissions.

[0035] Comparative Example 2: Comparison between No Adsorbent and Adsorbent A biological treatment agent for a fermentation bed, wherein the microbial strains, enzyme preparations and auxiliary agents are the same as those in Example 1. No adsorbent is present.

[0036] The operation steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0037] The biological treatment agent without adsorbent was compared with the treatment agent containing adsorbent in Example 1 to observe the waste decomposition effect, odor removal effect, etc.

[0038] The experiment of comparative example 2 compares the effects of biological treatment agents containing adsorbents and those without adsorbents. In the absence of adsorbents, the rate of waste decomposition is slightly slower, with 85% of the waste being decomposed in about 35 days, while the treatment agent containing adsorbents can complete 90% decomposition within 30 days, showing faster treatment efficiency. The odor removal effect is also more significant, with the odor removal effect of the biological treatment agent containing adsorbents reaching 80%, while the odor of the treatment agent without adsorbents is reduced by 60%. Ammonia emissions are also significantly reduced, with a decrease of 70% with adsorbents and a decrease of 50% without adsorbents. In addition, the treatment agent containing adsorbents is more stable in terms of changes in temperature and humidity, with the temperature maintained at 50°C and the humidity maintained between 60% and 65%, while the temperature of the treatment agent without adsorbents is stable at 45°C and the humidity is lower, maintained at 55%. These data show that adsorbents play an important role in increasing the rate of waste decomposition and removing odors and ammonia.

[0039] Comparative Example 3: Natural fermentation bed without any additives A biological treatment agent for a fermentation bed, wherein the microbial strains, enzyme preparations and adsorbents are the same as those in Example 1, and no auxiliary agent is present.

[0040] The operation steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0041] The biological treatment agent without adjuvant was compared with the treatment agent with adjuvant in Example 1 to observe the waste decomposition effect, odor removal effect, etc.

[0042] In the experiment, Example 1 (formulation with additives) showed significantly better results than the formulation without additives. Specifically, the formulation with additives increased the decomposition rate of waste (80% vs 60%), reduced the emission of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide (50ppm vs 100ppm, 10ppm vs 30ppm, respectively), produced more organic acids (4.5 g / L vs 3.0 g / L), and significantly improved the odor intensity (mild odor vs strong odor). In addition, the formulation with additives also increased the number of microorganisms (1.2 × 10 9 CFU / g vs 0.8 × 10 9 CFU / g) and the decomposition rate of protein and cell wall. The additive formula significantly improves the waste decomposition efficiency, reduces harmful gas emissions, improves the odor and temperature and humidity conditions of the treatment environment, and improves the overall treatment effect by providing nutrients and trace elements, which has obvious advantages.

[0043] Example 3, in combination with the fermentation bed carrier of Example 1, is composed of the following components in terms of weight percentage: Corn flour, wheat bran or sawdust (main carrier material) accounts for 55%. This part of the material provides the main source of nutrition for the flora and also has a certain degree of hygroscopicity, but it mainly serves as a basic carrier; Bentonite accounts for 25%. Bentonite has strong hygroscopicity and the ability to absorb harmful substances. Adding bentonite can help adjust the humidity of the fermentation bed, and can effectively absorb heavy metals, ammonia and other harmful gases in the air, improving the breeding environment; Diatomaceous earth accounts for 20%. Diatomaceous earth has good hygroscopicity and air permeability, and can increase the stability of the carrier and prevent the fermentation bed from hardening. It can also play a certain antibacterial role and promote the activity of microorganisms.

[0044] First, mix corn flour, wheat bran or sawdust, bentonite and diatomaceous earth evenly according to the formula. Add appropriate amount of water to maintain the carrier humidity between 50% and 60%.

[0045] The biological treatment agent of Example 1 was placed in the mixed fermentation bed carrier to treat waste for 30 days, during which indicators such as waste decomposition rate, humidity, temperature, and gas emission were monitored.

[0046] Example 4: Application of improved fermentation bed carrier According to weight percentage, corn flour, wheat bran or sawdust accounts for 55%, bentonite accounts for 20%, and diatomaceous earth accounts for 25%. The operation steps were the same as those in Example 1, but the ratio of bentonite to diatomaceous earth was adjusted.

[0047] The biological treatment agent of Example 1 was placed in the mixed fermentation bed carrier to treat waste for 30 days, during which the effects of different formulations on waste decomposition, odor control and environmental improvement were observed.

[0048] Comparative Example 4: Comparison of a carrier without bentonite and a carrier containing bentonite According to weight percentage, the corn flour, wheat bran or sawdust accounts for 55%, diatomaceous earth accounts for 20%, and bentonite is not included.

[0049] The operation steps are the same as those in Example 1, except that the bentonite portion is removed.

[0050] Observe the differences between the fermentation bed without bentonite and the fermentation bed with bentonite in terms of waste treatment, humidity regulation and odor removal.

[0051] Comparative Example 5: Comparison of a Carrier Without Diatomaceous Earth and a Carrier Containing Diatomaceous Earth According to weight percentage, the corn flour, wheat bran or sawdust accounts for 55%, bentonite accounts for 25%, and diatomaceous earth is not included.

[0052] The operation steps are the same as those in Example 1, except that the diatomaceous earth portion is removed.

[0053] Observe the differences in waste decomposition, temperature and gas control between fermentation beds without diatomaceous earth and those with diatomaceous earth.

[0054] In Example 3, the conventionally formulated fermentation bed carrier exhibited a good waste decomposition rate. After 30 days of treatment, the waste decomposition reached 90%, showing a rapid degradation effect. At the same time, the odor was reduced by 80% and the ammonia emissions were reduced by 70%. These data show that the conventional fermentation bed carrier has a strong odor control and harmful gas adsorption capacity. The humidity was maintained between 55% and 60%, which met the requirements of the fermentation process. The temperature rose to 50°C and remained stable, which promoted the activity of microorganisms. In addition, the fermentation bed performed well in terms of air permeability and stability, avoiding the reduction of microbial activity due to compaction.

[0055] In Example 4, by adjusting the ratio of bentonite and diatomaceous earth, the waste decomposition rate of the fermentation bed was slightly reduced, and about 85% of the waste was decomposed within 30 days, which was slightly slower than the 90% in Example 3. The odor was reduced by 70%, and the ammonia emissions were reduced by 60%. The effect was weakened compared with Example 3, but there was still a significant improvement. The humidity was stabilized between 60% and 65%, and this humidity range was also beneficial to the fermentation process. The temperature rose to 48°C and remained stable, which was slightly lower than Example 3, but the activity of the microorganisms was still maintained. Overall, the improved formula is slightly inferior to the conventional formula in waste treatment and odor control, but it still effectively improves the environment.

[0056] The fermentation bed carrier in Comparative Example 4 removed bentonite, and the results showed that the waste decomposition rate was significantly slowed down, and about 80% of the waste required 40 days to decompose, which was much lower than the 90% decomposition rate achieved within 30 days in Example 3 and Example 4. The odor removal effect was also poor, only reducing 60% of the odor, and the ammonia emission was only reduced by 40%. The humidity stability was poor, only maintained between 50% and 55%, and the lower humidity may have affected the activity of the microorganisms. The temperature rose to 45°C, and the lower temperature may have limited the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. Therefore, the carrier without bentonite is obviously not as good as the carrier containing bentonite in humidity regulation and harmful gas adsorption.

[0057] In Comparative Example 5, the fermentation bed carrier without diatomaceous earth showed better waste decomposition effect, and about 85% of the waste was decomposed within 35 days, which was close to the result of Example 4. The odor was reduced by 75%, the odor control effect was improved, and the ammonia emission was reduced by 55%, which was better than Comparative Example 4, but still not as good as the effects of Examples 3 and 4. The humidity was maintained between 55% and 60%, and the good humidity stability helped maintain the activity of the microorganisms. The temperature rose to 47°C, which was slightly lower than Example 3, but still effectively promoted the growth of microorganisms. After removing the diatomaceous earth, the aeration and stability of the fermentation bed were improved, and the temperature and humidity fluctuated less.

[0058] It can be seen from the above experimental data that the addition of bentonite significantly improves the humidity regulation and gas adsorption capacity of the fermentation bed carrier. The bentonite-containing formula in Example 3 showed the best results in waste decomposition, odor control and ammonia emission. In contrast, the carrier without bentonite was significantly inferior in odor control and waste decomposition speed, especially the waste decomposition took longer and the humidity regulation was unstable.

[0059] At the same time, the addition of diatomaceous earth increases the stability of the carrier, especially plays an important role in improving ventilation, preventing compaction and maintaining microbial activity. Removing diatomaceous earth (Comparative Example 5) will lead to a decrease in the temperature and humidity regulation ability of the carrier. Although it can still effectively decompose waste, the overall effect is not as good as the formula containing diatomaceous earth.

[0060] Therefore, this method for preparing the fermentation bed carrier has two significant advantages: first, the addition of bentonite can effectively adjust the humidity and absorb harmful gases, thus improving the environment of the fermentation bed; second, the addition of diatomaceous earth enhances the stability and anti-caking ability of the carrier, thus ensuring good ventilation and microbial activity of the fermentation bed. These advantages make this preparation method have better waste treatment and environmental improvement effects in practical applications.

[0061] Fermentation bed preparation method: Step 1: Prepare a fermentation bed carrier according to the above ratio: Use non-toxic, harmless, impure corn meal, wheat bran or sawdust as bedding, make sure the bedding is dry and free of moisture, and avoid excessive impurities in the bedding.

[0062] Step 2: Prepare microbial strains according to the above ratio and dilute them: Dilute the fermentation bed bio-treatment agent in a ratio of 1:5 between microbial strains and wheat sugar, wheat bran or corn flour, and mix well with other auxiliary materials. Depending on the size and thickness of the cushion layer, one kilogram of bio-treatment agent can cover 15-20 square meters of the fermentation bed.

[0063] Step 3, laying the fermentation bed carrier: Lay bedding in the cleaned pen. The thickness of the bedding should be determined according to the needs of different animals: the thickness of the fermented bedding for large animals such as cattle, sheep, and pigs should not be less than 50 cm; the thickness of the bedding for small animals such as chickens, rabbits, and snakes should not be less than 40 cm.

[0064] Step 4: Uniform spreading of microbial strains: During the laying process of the litter, spread the biological treatment agent while laying the litter to ensure that the bacteria are evenly distributed in the litter. When spreading the bacteria on each layer of litter, be sure to keep it free of water to avoid affecting the activity of the bacteria.

[0065] In cold seasons or low-temperature areas, fresh manure can be buried in the bedding layer and covered with sawdust for a quick start, which will accelerate the activity of microorganisms and ensure that the fermentation bed is put into use quickly.

[0066] During the use of the fermentation bed, the bedding should be turned over regularly to increase its air permeability and maintain appropriate humidity. If necessary, new bedding and biological treatment agents should be added according to the decomposition of the bedding to ensure the continuous fermentation process and maintain a good microbial environment.

[0067] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biological treatment agent for a fermentation bed, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components, calculated by weight: 65-75 parts of microbial strains, 10-20 parts of enzyme preparations, 5-15 parts of adsorbents and 3-8 parts of additives; The microbial strains are composed of the following components by weight percentage: 30-40% lactic acid bacteria, 10-20% bacillus, 10-15% yeast, 10-15% actinomycetes, 10-20% acidophilic lactic acid bacteria, and 10% Aspergillus niger; The enzyme preparation is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 30-50% cellulase, 10-20% amylase, 10-20% protease, 2-5% catalase, and 2-5% superoxide dismutase; The adsorbent is composed of the following components by weight: activated carbon accounts for 40-80%, zeolite accounts for 10-25%, and plant activated carbon accounts for 10-25%; The additives are composed of the following ingredients in weight percentage: urea accounts for 20-30%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate accounts for 20-30%, selenium accounts for 3-10%, zinc accounts for 2-4%, molybdenum accounts for 3-10%, vitamin C accounts for 2-6%, and vitamin E accounts for 4-10%.

2. A method for preparing a biological fermentation bed, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, preparing a fermentation bed carrier, the fermentation bed carrier is composed of the following components in weight percentage: a main carrier material accounts for 50-80%, bentonite accounts for 20-25%, and diatomaceous earth accounts for 20-25%, wherein the main carrier material is any one of corn flour, wheat bran or sawdust, and a non-toxic, harmless, impure main carrier material is used as a bedding during preparation to ensure that the bedding is dry and free of moisture to avoid excessive impurities in the bedding; Step 2, preparing a biotreatment agent for a fermentation bed as claimed in claim 1, diluting the biotreatment agent for the fermentation bed with a ratio of 1:5 of microbial strains to wheat sugar, wheat bran or corn flour, and uniformly mixing with other auxiliary materials, wherein the other auxiliary materials are enzyme preparations, adsorbents and additives; Step 3: Lay a fermentation bed carrier to form a cushion layer. Lay the cushion material in the cleaned pen. The thickness of the fermentation bed carrier should be determined according to the needs of different animals. Step 4: Evenly spread the microbial strains. During the laying of the fermentation bed carrier, spread the biological treatment agent while laying the bedding to ensure that the strains are evenly distributed in the bedding.

3. A method for preparing a biological fermentation bed according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 3, the thickness of the fermentation bed for cattle, sheep and pigs should be no less than 50 cm; the thickness of the fermentation bed for chickens, rabbits and snakes should be no less than 40 cm.

4. A method for preparing a biological fermentation bed according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 4, when spreading the fungus on each layer of bedding, be sure to keep it dry to avoid affecting the activity of the fungus.

5. A method for preparing a biological fermentation bed according to claim 2, characterized in that: In cold seasons or low-temperature areas, fresh manure can be buried in the bedding layer and covered with sawdust for a quick start, which will accelerate the activity of microorganisms and ensure that the fermentation bed is put into use quickly.

6. A method for preparing a biological fermentation bed according to claim 2, characterized in that: Turn the litter regularly to increase its air permeability and maintain appropriate humidity. Add new litter and biological treatment agents according to the decomposition of the litter to ensure that the fermentation process continues and maintain a good microbial environment.

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