Protective structure suitable for broken rock and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a protection structure suitable for a fractured rock surface and a construction method. The protection structure comprises a pre-stressed anchor cable, a steel anchor beam, an anchorage device, a tensioning base plate and gap filler. The steel anchor beam serves as an important force transmission device, one end is in contact with mountain rock and concrete, and the other end is connected with the anchorage device through the pre-stressed anchor cable. The anchorage device serves as a force transmission device and transmits the force of the pre-stressed anchor cable to the steel anchor box. The tensioning base plate is used for increasing the stress area and adjusting the included angle between the anchor cable and the anchorage device; the gap filler is filled in the gap between the steel anchor box and the uneven rock, and it is guaranteed that the steel anchor box and the uneven rock are jointly stressed. The method mainly solves the following problems in the following aspects: the profile steel anchor beams are additionally arranged above adjacent rocks by utilizing the trend of the rocks of the side slope, gaps between the profile steel and the rocks are filled with concrete, and finally, the prestress of the anchor cables is constructed, so that the anchor beams and the rocks act together to provide anchoring force for the side slope, and the stability and safety of the side slope in the construction process are ensured; slope excavation is reduced, equipment investment is saved, and the construction period is shortened while the environment is protected; the protection structure is flexible in arrangement, facilitates site construction and adapts to various uneven rock surfaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of slope protection implementation, and in particular to a protection structure and a construction method suitable for broken rock surfaces. Background Art

[0002] Slope protection mostly adopts active protection net protection, slope protection, and retaining structure protection. Such measures are mainly used to prevent the weathering and peeling of rocks on the excavated slope surface, as well as a small amount of falling rocks. However, this type of protection often excessively pursues strength and efficacy, and requires the flatness of the slope surface to be processed, which destroys the ecological nature. In the past, the construction method of slope protection was limited to the slope of the protected slope, and large equipment was required to excavate the slope surface, resulting in great economic waste. Summary of the invention

[0003] Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings, the present invention provides a protective structure and construction method suitable for broken rock surfaces. The following problems are mainly solved: (1) The high slope protection construction method uses the direction of the slope rock to add a steel anchor beam above the adjacent rock, fill the gap between the steel and the rock with concrete, and finally construct the anchor cable prestressing so that the anchor beam and the rock work together to provide anchoring force for the slope, ensuring the stability and safety of the slope during construction; (2) Reduce slope excavation, save equipment investment, and reduce the construction period while protecting the environment; (3) The protective structure is flexible in layout, convenient for on-site construction, and adaptable to various uneven rock surfaces; (4) Solve the problem of transporting materials for high and steep slopes; (5) Targeted single-point protection can be carried out without destroying the originally stable slope, and only unstable rocks are protected.

[0004] The present invention is implemented by constructing a protective structure suitable for a broken rock surface, characterized in that: the protective structure comprises a prestressed anchor cable, a steel anchor beam, an anchor, a tension pad, and a gap filler; Among them, the steel anchor beam is an important force transmission device, one end of which is in contact with the mountain rock and concrete, and the other end is connected to the anchor through a prestressed anchor cable; The anchor serves as a force transmission device to transmit the prestressed anchor cable force to the steel anchor box; The tension pad is used to increase the stress-bearing area and adjust the angle between the anchor cable and the anchor; The gap filler fills the gap between the steel anchor box and the uneven rock, ensuring that the steel anchor box and the uneven rock are stressed together.

[0005] A protective construction method applicable to a broken rock surface, wherein the protective structure of the broken rock surface is constructed as follows: (1) Determine the scope of the slope to be protected and, based on the distribution of broken rocks on site, determine whether the steel anchor beam should provide continuous protection or single-point protection. At the same time, measure the protection length on site to determine the anchor cable spacing; (2) Drilling: Use drilling equipment to drill holes according to design requirements; clean the holes after drilling is completed; (3) Anchor cable installation: Cut the anchor cables according to the designed length and number of anchor cables, and protect the free section of the anchor cables; (4) Anchor hole grouting: The grouting is carried out by the bottom grouting method, and the grouting process shall not be stopped; (5) Installation of steel anchor box: The anchor box can be installed as a whole by assembling individual components according to the site conditions. The length of the anchor box and the spacing between anchor holes need to be adjusted according to the distance of the anchor cables on site. After installation, temporary anchoring is performed. (6) Gap filling: Use gap filling to fill the gap between the steel anchor box and the uneven rock, so that the steel anchor box and the rock form a whole; (7) Anchor cable tensioning: The anchor cable is tensioned by tensioning equipment to transfer the anchoring force to the uneven rock surface; (8) Anchor sealing: After tensioning is completed, seal the anchor in time.

[0006] The present invention has the following advantages: (1) The present invention is suitable for various uneven slopes and slope protection of different slopes, and the slope anchoring structure is flexible in arrangement. The anchoring structure can be arranged continuously or intermittently, and can be flexibly adjusted during on-site construction; (2) The present invention does not require large-scale excavation of the slope, which reduces the investment in machinery and equipment, reduces economic costs, and protects the ecological environment; (3) The steel anchor box is composed of loose parts, which is convenient for construction personnel to transfer materials and solves the problem of transporting materials on high and steep slopes; (4) Targeted protection can be carried out according to the state of the broken rock, and single-point protection can be carried out where protection is needed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 Slope structure protection elevation layout drawing; Figure 2 , Schematic diagram of steel anchor box; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Figure 1-1 is a side view; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Figure 2-2 is a side view of the diagram.

[0008] Among them: 1—slope line; 2—uneven rock; 3—gap filler; 4—steel anchor box; 5—tension pad; 6—anchor; 7—prestressed anchor cable; 8—stiffening plate; 9—anchor hole; 10—steel section; 11—connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The following will be combined with the attached Figure 1-Figure 4The present invention is described in detail, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0010] The present invention provides a protective structure suitable for a broken rock surface, which can be implemented in the following manner as shown in the figure; the protective structure includes a prestressed anchor cable 7, a steel anchor beam, an anchor 6, a tension pad 5, and a gap filler 3; Among them, the steel anchor beam is an important force transmission device, one end of which is in contact with the mountain rock 2 and concrete, and the other end is connected to the anchor 6 through a prestressed anchor cable; The anchor 6 serves as a force transmission device to transmit the prestressed anchor cable force to the steel anchor box 4; The tension pad 5 is used to increase the force-bearing area and adjust the angle between the anchor cable and the anchor; The gap filler 3 fills the gap between the steel anchor box 4 and the uneven rock 2 to ensure that the steel anchor box 4 and the uneven rock 2 are subjected to force together.

[0011] A protective construction method applicable to a broken rock surface, wherein the protective structure of the broken rock surface is constructed as follows: (1) Determine the scope of the slope to be protected and, based on the distribution of broken rocks on site, determine whether the steel anchor beam should provide continuous protection or single-point protection. At the same time, measure the protection length on site to determine the anchor cable spacing; (2) Drilling: Use drilling equipment to drill holes according to design requirements; clean the holes after drilling is completed; (3) Anchor cable installation: Cut the anchor cables according to the designed length and number of anchor cables, and protect the free section of the anchor cables; (4) Anchor hole grouting: The grouting is carried out by the bottom grouting method, and the grouting process shall not be stopped; (5) Installation of steel anchor box: The anchor box can be installed as a whole by assembling individual components according to the site conditions. The length of the anchor box and the spacing between anchor holes need to be adjusted according to the distance of the anchor cables on site. After installation, temporary anchoring is performed. (6) Gap filling: Use gap filling to fill the gap between the steel anchor box and the uneven rock, so that the steel anchor box and the rock form a whole; (7) Anchor cable tensioning: The anchor cable is tensioned by tensioning equipment to transfer the anchoring force to the uneven rock surface; (8) Anchor sealing: After tensioning is completed, seal the anchor in time.

[0012] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; a protective structure and construction method suitable for broken rock surfaces, the main structure of which mainly includes prestressed anchor cables, steel anchor beams, anchors, tension pads, and gap fillers.

[0013] (1) Prestressed anchor cable: Determine the length of the prestressed anchor cable based on calculation.

[0014] (2) Steel anchor beam: An important force transmission device, one end of which is in contact with the mountain rock and concrete, and the other end is connected to the anchor through a prestressed anchor cable.

[0015] (3) Anchor: A force transmission device that transfers the force of the prestressed anchor cable to the steel anchor box.

[0016] (4) Tensioning pad: Increase the stress-bearing area and adjust the angle between the anchor cable and the anchor.

[0017] (5) Gap filler: fill the gap between the steel anchor box and the uneven rock to ensure that the steel anchor box and the uneven rock are subjected to the same force.

[0018] The protective structure construction of the broken rock surface is as follows: (1) Determine the scope of the slope to be protected and, based on the distribution of broken rocks on site, determine whether the steel anchor beam should provide continuous protection or single-point protection. At the same time, measure the protection length on site to determine the anchor cable spacing.

[0019] (2) Drilling: Use drilling equipment to drill holes according to design requirements. Clean the holes after drilling is completed.

[0020] (3) Anchor cable installation: Cut the anchor cables according to the designed length and number of anchor cables, and protect the free section of the anchor cables.

[0021] (4) Anchor hole grouting: The grouting is carried out by the bottom hole grouting method, and the grouting should not be stopped during the process.

[0022] (5) Installation of steel anchor box: The anchor box can be installed as a whole by assembling individual components according to the site conditions. The length of the anchor box and the spacing between anchor holes need to be adjusted according to the distance of the anchor cables on site. After installation, temporary anchoring is performed.

[0023] (6) Gap filler filling: Use gap fillers to fill the gap between the steel anchor box and the uneven rock, so that the steel anchor box and the rock become a whole.

[0024] (7) Anchor cable tensioning: The anchor cable is tensioned by tensioning equipment to transfer the anchoring force to the uneven rock surface.

[0025] (8) Anchor sealing: After tensioning is completed, seal the anchor in time.

[0026] This patent has the following advantages and beneficial effects: (1) The invention is suitable for various uneven slopes and slope protection of different slopes, and the slope anchoring structure is flexible in layout. The anchoring structure can be arranged continuously or intermittently, and the on-site construction can be flexibly adjusted; (2) The invention does not require large-scale excavation of the slope, which reduces the investment in machinery and equipment, reduces economic costs, and protects the ecological environment; (3) The steel anchor box is composed of loose parts, which is convenient for construction personnel to transfer materials and solves the problem of transporting materials on high and steep slopes; (4) Targeted protection can be carried out according to the state of broken rocks, and single-point protection can be carried out where protection is needed.

[0027] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A protective structure suitable for crushing rock surface, characterized in that; The protective structure comprises a prestressed anchor cable (7), a steel anchor beam, an anchor (6), a tension pad (5), and a gap filler (3); The steel anchor beam is an important force transmission device, one end of which is in contact with the mountain rock (2) and concrete, and the other end of which is connected to the anchor (6) through a prestressed anchor cable; The anchor (6) serves as a force transmission device to transmit the prestressed anchor cable force to the steel anchor box (4); The tension pad (5) is used to increase the force-bearing area and adjust the angle between the anchor cable and the anchor; The gap filler (3) fills the gap between the steel anchor box (4) and the uneven rock (2), ensuring that the steel anchor box (4) and the uneven rock (2) are subjected to force together.

2. A protective construction method suitable for broken rock surfaces, characterized in that; The protective structure construction of the broken rock surface is as follows: (1) Determine the scope of the slope to be protected and, based on the distribution of broken rocks on site, determine whether the steel anchor beam should provide continuous protection or single-point protection. At the same time, measure the protection length on site to determine the anchor cable spacing; (2) Drilling: Use drilling equipment to drill holes according to design requirements; clean the holes after drilling is completed; (3) Anchor cable installation: Cut the anchor cables according to the designed length and number of anchor cables, and protect the free section of the anchor cables; (4) Anchor hole grouting: The grouting is carried out by the bottom grouting method, and the grouting process shall not be stopped; (5) Installation of steel anchor box: The anchor box can be installed as a whole by assembling individual components according to the site conditions. The length of the anchor box and the spacing between anchor holes need to be adjusted according to the distance of the anchor cables on site. After installation, temporary anchoring is performed. (6) Gap filling: Use gap filling to fill the gap between the steel anchor box and the uneven rock, so that the steel anchor box and the rock form a whole; (7) Anchor cable tensioning: The anchor cable is tensioned by tensioning equipment to transfer the anchoring force to the uneven rock surface; (8) Anchor sealing: After tensioning is completed, seal the anchor in time.

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