Top-blown furnace and smelting method adopting same

Abstract

The invention discloses a top-blown furnace and a smelting method adopting the top-blown furnace. The top-blown furnace comprises a top-blown furnace body and a top-blown furnace cover, wherein a feeding hole is formed in the side part of the top-blown furnace body; the blowing device comprises a blowing device body, a containing space is defined in the blowing device body, a first discharging opening is formed in the top of the blowing device body, a first air inlet is formed in the side portion of the blowing device body, a first discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the blowing device body, and a control valve is arranged at the first discharging opening; and the discharging pipeline is located below the blowing device body, the side wall of the discharging pipeline is provided with a second discharging opening, the second discharging opening is connected with the first discharging opening, one end of the discharging pipeline is provided with a second discharging opening, and the second discharging opening is connected with the feeding opening. According to the top-blown furnace, the material handling capacity can be increased, the direct recovery rate of products is improved, and the dust collection amount is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal smelting, and in particular relates to a top-blown furnace and a smelting method using the same. Background Art

[0002] Pyrometallurgy is the main method for producing copper, which mainly processes sulfide ores. The traditional processes of pyrometallurgy include blast furnace smelting, reverberatory furnace smelting and electric furnace smelting, but there are problems such as low production efficiency and difficulty in effectively recovering flue gas. Therefore, modern copper smelting processes have gradually emerged. Modern copper smelting processes include flash furnace smelting and bath smelting, both of which originated in the 1970s. Among them, flash furnace smelting has more stringent requirements on the proportion of ingredients and impurities, while bath smelting is more adaptable to fluctuations in the proportion of ingredients and impurity components due to its lower reaction rate. Bath smelting can be divided into three methods: side blowing, top blowing and bottom blowing according to the different positions of the blast tuyere. The top-blowing bath smelting process technology has been developed to be a very mature technology. However, since the traditional top-blowing furnace is designed to feed materials from the top, which is opposite to the direction of the flue gas in the furnace, fine materials, dust, etc. are easily brought into the dust collection system by the flue gas, which will reduce the direct recovery rate of copper and increase the dust collection amount.

[0003] Therefore, the existing top-blown furnace still needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art to at least some extent. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a top-blown furnace and a smelting method using the same, which can increase the material processing capacity, improve the direct product recovery rate, and reduce the dust collection amount.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a top-blown furnace. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the top-blown furnace comprises:

[0006] A top-blown furnace body, wherein a feed inlet is provided on the side of the top-blown furnace body;

[0007] A blowing device, the blowing device comprising:

[0008] A blowing device body, wherein a accommodating space is defined in the blowing device body, a first material discharge port is provided at the top of the blowing device body, a first air inlet is provided at the side of the blowing device body, a first material discharge port is provided at the bottom of the blowing device body, and a control valve is provided at the first material discharge port;

[0009] A discharge pipe, the discharge pipe is located below the main body of the blowing device, a second discharge port is provided on the side wall of the discharge pipe, the second discharge port is connected to the first discharge port, a second discharge port is provided at one end of the discharge pipe, the second discharge port is connected to the feed port, and a second air inlet is provided at the other end of the discharge pipe.

[0010] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the top-blown furnace includes a top-blown furnace body and a blowing device, the blowing device includes a blowing device body and a discharge pipe, a accommodating space is defined in the blowing device body, a first discharge port is provided at the top of the blowing device body, a first air inlet is provided at the side of the blowing device body, a first discharge port is provided at the bottom of the blowing device body, a control valve is provided at the first discharge port, and materials can enter the accommodating space in the blowing device body through the first discharge port. Closing the control valve and introducing gas into the blowing device body through the first air inlet can make the blowing device body in a slightly positive pressure state, thereby facilitating the material to fall from the first discharge port; the discharge pipe is located below the blowing device body, and a second discharge port is provided on the side wall of the discharge pipe, and the second discharge port is connected to the first The top-blown furnace body is connected to a discharge port, a second discharge port is provided at one end of the discharge pipe, the second discharge port is connected to the feed port, a second air inlet is provided at the other end of the discharge pipe, the material falls from the first discharge port, falls into the discharge pipe through the second discharge port, and gas is introduced into the discharge pipe through the second air inlet, so that the material falling into the discharge pipe can be sprayed out from the second discharge port; a feed port is provided on the side of the top-blown furnace body, the second discharge port is connected to the feed port, the material sprayed from the second discharge port can be added to the top-blown furnace body through the feed port on the side of the top-blown furnace body. Compared with the traditional top unloading method, it can reduce the smoke generated in the top-blown furnace from bringing the material into the dust collection system during the rising process, thereby increasing the material processing capacity, and improving the direct recovery rate of the top-blown furnace products and reducing the dust collection amount.

[0011] In addition, the top-blown furnace according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between the feed port and the bottom of the top-blown furnace body is 4m to 8m, thereby reducing the smoke generated in the top-blown furnace from bringing materials into the dust collection system during the rising process, thereby increasing the material processing capacity, improving the direct recovery rate of the top-blown furnace products, and reducing the amount of dust collection.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the blowing device further includes: a first air inlet duct, the first air inlet duct includes an air inlet main pipe, a first air inlet branch pipe and a second air inlet branch pipe, the air inlet main pipe is respectively connected to the first air inlet branch pipe and the second air inlet branch pipe, the first air inlet branch pipe is connected to the first air inlet port, and the second air inlet branch pipe is connected to the second air inlet port.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the spraying device further comprises: an air spray pipe, the air spray pipe is arranged along the inner peripheral wall of the discharge pipe and extends to below the second discharge port, and the inner diameter of the air spray pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the second air inlet branch pipe. This facilitates the material to fall into the discharge pipe from the second discharge port, thereby preventing the second discharge port from being blocked and ensuring smooth discharge of the material.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the inner diameter of the second air inlet branch pipe to the inner diameter of the air injection pipe is (1-2):1.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the blowing device further includes: a second air inlet duct, the second air inlet duct is sleeved on the outside of one end of the discharge duct close to the second discharge port, a cooling chamber is formed between the second air inlet duct and the discharge duct, a third air inlet is provided on the side wall of the second air inlet duct, an air outlet is provided at one end of the second air inlet duct close to the second discharge port, and one end of the second air inlet duct away from the second discharge port is connected to the discharge duct. This is conducive to cooling the end of the discharge duct close to the second discharge port to prevent the discharge duct from overheating and burning.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, a pressure relief valve is provided on the spray device body, which is helpful to improve the safety of the spray device.

[0018] In a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a method for smelting using the top-blown furnace described in the above embodiment. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for smelting using the top-blown furnace comprises:

[0019] (1) adding the material into the blowing device body through the first feeding port, and closing the control valve at the first feeding port;

[0020] (2) introducing gas into the blowing device body through the first air inlet so that the material in the blowing device body falls into the discharge pipe;

[0021] (3) Gas is introduced into the discharge pipe through the second air inlet so that the material in the discharge pipe is sprayed into the top-blown furnace body from the feed inlet on the side of the top-blown furnace body.

[0022] According to the method for smelting using the top-blown furnace in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, the material is added into the blowing device body through the first discharge port, and the control valve at the first discharge port is closed, so that the first discharge port can be in a closed state; gas is introduced into the blowing device body through the first air inlet, so that the blowing device body can be in a slightly positive pressure state, which is conducive to the material in the blowing device body falling into the discharge pipe; gas is introduced into the discharge pipe through the second air inlet, so that the material falling into the discharge pipe can be sprayed into the top-blown furnace body from the feed port on the side of the top-blown furnace body. Compared with the traditional top discharge method, it can reduce the smoke generated in the top-blown furnace from carrying the material into the dust collection system during the rising process, thereby increasing the material processing capacity, and improving the direct recovery rate of the top-blown furnace products and reducing the dust collection amount.

[0023] In addition, the method for smelting using the top-blown furnace according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for smelting using the top-blown furnace further comprises: (4) supplying cooling air to the end of the discharge pipe close to the second discharge port, thereby facilitating cooling of the end of the discharge pipe close to the second discharge port, thereby preventing the discharge pipe from overheating or burning.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (3), the pressure of the gas is 0.2 MPa to 0.3 MPa.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, the water content of the material is not greater than 2 wt %.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a top-blown furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a blowing device according to an embodiment of the present invention:

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for smelting using a top-blown furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Reference numerals:

[0033] 10-top-blowing furnace body; 11-feeding port; 20-blowing device; 21-blowing device body; 211-accommodating space; 212-first discharge port; 213-first air inlet; 214-first discharge port; 215-control valve; 216-pressure relief valve; 217-butterfly valve; 218-discharge hopper; 22-discharge pipe; 221-second discharge port; 222-second discharge port; 223-second air inlet; 23-first air inlet pipe; 231-air inlet main pipe; 232-first air inlet branch pipe; 233-second air inlet branch pipe; 234-ball valve; 24-blowing pipe; 25-second air inlet pipe; 251-cooling chamber; 252-third air inlet; 253-air outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0036] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0037] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0039] In a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a top-blown furnace. According to an embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 The top-blown furnace comprises: a top-blown furnace body 10 and a blowing device 20.

[0040] The top-blown furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention is further described in detail below.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 A feed port 11 is provided on the side of the top-blown furnace body 10, and the blowing device 20 is connected to the feed port 11. Thus, the material sprayed by the blowing device 20 can be added to the top-blown furnace body 10 through the feed port 11 on the side of the top-blown furnace body 10. Compared with the traditional top feeding method, the smoke generated in the top-blown furnace can be reduced from bringing the material into the dust collection system during the rising process, thereby increasing the material processing capacity, improving the direct product recovery rate of the top-blown furnace, and reducing the dust collection amount.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 The distance h between the feed port 11 and the bottom of the top-blown furnace body 10 can be 4m to 8m, for example, 4m, 4.5m, 5m, 5.5m, 6m, 6.5m, 7m, 7.5m, 8m, etc. The inventors have found that if the distance between the feed port 11 and the bottom of the top-blown furnace body 10 is too large, the material will fall in the opposite direction of the flue gas flow in the top-blown furnace body 10 after being sprayed into the top-blown furnace body 10 (slight negative pressure in the top-blown furnace body 10). The flue gas generated in the top-blown furnace body 10 will bring more materials into the dust collection system during the rising process, and will not be able to fall into the top-blown furnace body 10, resulting in a decrease in the direct yield of the top-blown furnace product; if the distance between the feed port 11 and the bottom of the top-blown furnace body 10 is too small, the splashing generated by the molten pool reaction in the top-blown furnace body 10 will easily block the feed port 11, and the blowing device 20 will easily burn, causing a safety accident. Therefore, the present invention controls the distance h between the feed port 11 and the bottom of the top-blown furnace body 10 within the above range, which can not only reduce the flue gas generated in the top-blown furnace from bringing the material into the dust collection system during the rising process, thereby increasing the material processing capacity, and improving the direct yield of the top-blown furnace product, reducing the dust collection amount, but also improving the safety of the blowing device.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a bracket may be provided at the bottom of the blowing device 20, and the blowing device 20 is supported by the bracket, thereby improving the structural stability of the top-blown furnace.

[0044] According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2The blowing device 20 may include a blowing device body 21 and a discharge pipe 22. The blowing device body 21 defines a receiving space 211, a first discharge port 212 is provided at the top of the blowing device body 21, a first air inlet 213 is provided at the side of the blowing device body 21, a first discharge port 214 is provided at the bottom of the blowing device body 21, and a control valve 215 is provided at the first discharge port 212; the discharge pipe 22 is located below the blowing device body 21, a second discharge port 221 is provided on the side wall of the discharge pipe 22, the second discharge port 221 is connected to the first discharge port 214, a second discharge port 222 is provided at one end of the discharge pipe 22, the second discharge port 222 is connected to the feed port 11, and a second air inlet 223 is provided at the other end of the discharge pipe 22. Thus, the material can enter the containing space 211 inside the blowing device body 21 from the first discharge port 212, close the control valve 215, and introduce gas into the blowing device body 21 through the first air inlet 213, so that the blowing device body 21 is in a slightly positive pressure state, and the material falls from the first discharge port 214 under the dual effects of gravity and pressure; the material falling from the first discharge port 214 falls into the discharge pipe 22 through the second discharge port 221, and gas is introduced into the discharge pipe 22 through the second air inlet 223, so that the material falling into the discharge pipe 22 can be sprayed out from the second discharge port 222.

[0045] It should be noted that the material of the discharge pipe 22 is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can select it according to actual needs. For example, a stainless steel pipe can be used.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2 The blowing device body 21 may be provided with a pressure relief valve 216. The pressure relief valve 216 can relieve pressure, thereby facilitating the safety of the blowing device 20. Furthermore, the lower portion of the blowing device body 21 may be conical, thereby facilitating discharge.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2 A butterfly valve 217 may be provided at the first discharge port 214 , and the discharge flow rate and the opening and closing of the first discharge port 214 may be controlled by the butterfly valve 217 .

[0048] According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2 The blowing device body 21 further includes a lower hopper 218, the bottom of which is connected to the first material discharge port 212. Materials can be added to the blowing device body 21 through the lower hopper 218. Further, the lower hopper 218 can be trumpet-shaped, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the top of the lower hopper 218 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the bottom thereof, which is further conducive to adding materials to the blowing device body 21.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2The blowing device 20 may also include a first air inlet duct 23, which may include an air inlet main pipe 231, a first air inlet branch pipe 232 and a second air inlet branch pipe 233. The air inlet main pipe 231 is connected to the first air inlet branch pipe 232 and the second air inlet branch pipe 233 respectively. The first air inlet branch pipe 232 is connected to the first air inlet port 213, and the second air inlet branch pipe 233 is connected to the second air inlet port 223. When gas is introduced into the air inlet main pipe 231, the gas can enter the first air inlet branch pipe 232 and the second air inlet branch pipe 233 from the air inlet main pipe 231, and the gas entering the first air inlet branch pipe 232 enters the spraying device body 21 from the first air inlet port 213, so that the spraying device body 21 is in a slightly positive pressure state, which is conducive to the material falling from the first discharge port 214, and the gas entering the second air inlet branch pipe 233 enters the discharge pipe 22 from the second air inlet port 223, so that the material falling into the discharge pipe 22 is sprayed out from the second discharge port 222. Further, the first air inlet branch pipe 232 and the second air inlet branch pipe 233 can be respectively provided with ball valves 234, so that the flow of gas in the first air inlet branch pipe 232 and the second air inlet branch pipe 233 can be respectively controlled by the ball valves 234.

[0050] Specifically, the first air inlet branch pipe 232 can be connected to the first air inlet 213 through a flange, thereby facilitating disassembly, installation and maintenance.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2The spraying device 20 may further include a spray pipe 24, which is arranged along the inner circumferential wall of the discharge pipe 22 and extends to the bottom of the second discharge port 221 (one end of the spray pipe 24 is connected to the second air inlet branch pipe 233, and the other end of the spray pipe 24 extends to the bottom of the second discharge port 221), and the inner diameter of the spray pipe 24 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second air inlet branch pipe 233. Since the inner diameter of the spray pipe 24 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second air inlet branch pipe 233, the Venturi effect is used to increase the flow rate of the gas when it passes through the spray pipe 24, and low pressure is generated near the high-speed flowing gas, thereby generating an adsorption effect, which is conducive to the material falling from the second discharge port 221 into the discharge pipe 22, thereby preventing the second discharge port 221 from being blocked and ensuring the smooth discharge of the material. Further, the ratio of the inner diameter of the second air inlet branch pipe 233 to the inner diameter of the air jet pipe 24 can be (1-2):1, for example, it can be 1.1:1, 1.2:1, 1.3:1, 1.4:1, 1.5:1, 1.6:1, 1.7:1, 1.8:1, 1.9:1, 2:1, etc. The inventor found that if the ratio of the inner diameter of the second air inlet branch pipe 233 to the inner diameter of the air jet pipe 24 is too small, the adsorption effect is not obvious, and if the ratio of the inner diameter of the second air inlet branch pipe 233 to the inner diameter of the air jet pipe 24 is too large, the wind pressure is too large and the material cannot be sprayed normally. The present invention can further facilitate the material to fall from the second discharge port 221 into the discharge pipe 22 by controlling the ratio of the inner diameter of the second air inlet branch pipe 233 to the inner diameter of the air jet pipe 24 within the above range, thereby preventing the second discharge port 221 from being blocked and ensuring the smooth discharge of the material.

[0052] According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 2 The blowing device 20 may also include a second air inlet duct 25, which is sleeved on the outside of one end of the discharge duct 22 near the second discharge port 222, and a cooling chamber 251 is formed between the second air inlet duct 25 and the discharge duct 22. A third air inlet 252 is provided on the side wall of the second air inlet duct 25, and an air outlet 253 is provided at one end of the second air inlet duct 25 near the second discharge port 222. The end of the second air inlet duct 25 away from the second discharge port 222 is connected to the discharge duct 22. Thus, cooling air can be introduced into the cooling chamber 251 from the third air inlet 252 to cool the end of the discharge duct 22 near the second discharge port 222, thereby preventing the discharge duct 22 from overheating and burning. Furthermore, the air outlet 253 can be connected to the feed port 11, so that the cooling air ejected from the air outlet 253 can play a purging role to prevent the splashing materials in the top-blown furnace from blocking the second discharge port 222.

[0053] In the second aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a method for smelting using the top-blown furnace of the above embodiment. Figure 3 , the method comprising:

[0054] S100: Add the material into the spraying device through the first discharge port, and close the control valve at the first discharge port.

[0055] In this step, the material is added into the blowing device body through the first material discharge port, and the control valve at the first material discharge port is closed, so that the first material discharge port is in a closed state.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the water content of the material is not more than 2wt%. The inventors have found that if the water content of the material is too high, the material is likely to block the spraying device, and smooth feeding cannot be achieved. In the present invention, by controlling the water content of the above-mentioned material, the material can be prevented from blocking the spraying device and smooth feeding can be achieved.

[0057] S200: Introducing gas into the blowing device body through the first air inlet

[0058] In this step, gas (such as compressed air) is introduced into the blowing device body through the first air inlet, so that the accommodating space in the blowing device body is in a slightly positive pressure state, which is conducive to the material in the blowing device body falling into the discharge pipe.

[0059] S300: Introduce gas into the discharge pipe through the second air inlet

[0060] In this step, gas (such as compressed air) is introduced into the discharge pipe through the second air inlet, so that the material falling into the discharge pipe can be sprayed into the top-blown furnace body from the feed port on the side of the top-blown furnace body. Compared with the traditional top unloading method, it can reduce the smoke generated in the top-blown furnace from carrying the material into the dust collection system during the rising process, thereby increasing the material processing capacity, and improving the direct recovery rate of the top-blown furnace products and reducing the amount of dust collected.

[0061] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pressure of the gas introduced into the discharge pipe through the second air inlet can be 0.2MPa to 0.3MPa, for example, 0.2MPa, 0.22MPa, 0.24MPa, 0.26MPa, 0.28MPa, 0.3MPa. The inventors have found that if the pressure of the gas introduced into the discharge pipe through the second air inlet is too large or too small, the amount of material ejected will be too small, and the blowing distance will be short, and smooth feeding cannot be achieved. In the present invention, by controlling the pressure of the gas introduced into the discharge pipe through the second air inlet, a large amount of material can be ejected, and the blowing distance is far, thereby achieving smooth feeding.

[0062] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for smelting using the top-blown furnace may further include:

[0063] S400: Supply cooling air to the end of the discharge pipe close to the second discharge port

[0064] In this step, cooling air is supplied to one end of the discharge pipe close to the second discharge port, so that the end of the discharge pipe close to the second discharge port can be cooled to prevent the discharge pipe from overheating and burning.

[0065] The present invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that these embodiments are merely illustrative and do not limit the present invention in any way.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] This embodiment provides a top-blown furnace, referring to Figure 1 , comprising: a top-blown furnace body 10, a feed port 11 being provided on the side of the top-blown furnace body 10; a blowing device 20, the blowing device 20 comprising: a blowing device body 21, a accommodating space 211 being defined in the blowing device body 21, a first discharge port 212 being provided on the top of the blowing device body 21, a first air inlet 213 being provided on the side of the blowing device body 21, a first discharge port 214 being provided on the bottom of the blowing device body 21, and a control valve 215 being provided at the first discharge port 212; a discharge pipe 22, the discharge pipe 22 being located below the blowing device body 21, a second discharge port 221 being provided on the side wall of the discharge pipe 22, the second discharge port 221 being connected to the first discharge port 214, a second discharge port 222 being provided at one end of the discharge pipe 22, the second discharge port 222 being connected to the feed port 11, and a second air inlet 223 being provided at the other end of the discharge pipe 22. The distance between the feed port 11 and the bottom of the top-blown furnace body 10 is about 4m, the melt level in the furnace is about 2.5m, and the position of the feed port 11 is about 1.5m away from the melt level. A pressure relief valve 216 is provided on the blowing device body 21. A butterfly valve 217 is provided at the first discharge port 214. The blowing device body 21 also includes a lower hopper 218, and the bottom of the lower hopper 218 is connected to the first lower feed port 212. The blowing device 20 also includes a first air inlet duct 23, the first air inlet duct 23 includes an air inlet main pipe 231, a first air inlet branch pipe 232 and a second air inlet branch pipe 233, the air inlet main pipe 231 is connected to the first air inlet branch pipe 232 and the second air inlet branch pipe 233 respectively, the first air inlet branch pipe 232 is connected to the first air inlet 213, and the second air inlet branch pipe 233 is connected to the second air inlet 223. The spraying device 20 further includes a spray pipe 24, which is arranged along the inner circumferential wall of the discharge pipe 22 and extends to below the second discharge port 221. The ratio of the inner diameter of the second air inlet branch pipe 233 to the inner diameter of the spray pipe 24 is 2:1. The spraying device 20 further includes a second air inlet pipe 25, which is sleeved on the outer side of one end of the discharge pipe 22 close to the second discharge port 222, and a cooling chamber 251 is formed between the second air inlet pipe 25 and the discharge pipe 22. A third air inlet 252 is arranged on the side wall of the second air inlet pipe 25, and an air outlet 253 is arranged at one end of the second air inlet pipe 25 close to the second discharge port 222, and one end of the second air inlet pipe 25 away from the second discharge port 222 is connected to the discharge pipe 22.

[0068] Copper concentrate with a water content of 1wt% is added into the blowing device body 21 through the first feeding port 212, and the control valve 215 at the first feeding port 212 is closed, and compressed air (the pressure of the compressed air is 0.2MPa) is introduced into the blowing device body 21 through the first air inlet 213; compressed air (the pressure of the compressed air is 0.2MPa) is introduced into the discharge pipe 22 through the second air inlet 223; cooling air is supplied to one end of the discharge pipe 22 close to the second discharge port 222. The feeding conditions and the direct recovery rate of copper are shown in Table 1.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] The water content of the copper concentrate used was 1 wt %, the pressure of the compressed air was 0.25 MPa, and the rest was the same as in Example 1.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] The water content of the copper concentrate used was 2 wt %, the pressure of the compressed air was 0.3 MPa, and the rest was the same as in Example 1.

[0073] Comparative Example 1

[0074] The water content of the copper concentrate used was 3 wt %, the pressure of the compressed air was 0.3 MPa, and the rest was the same as in Example 1.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] The water content of the copper concentrate used was 1 wt %, the pressure of the compressed air was 0.1 MPa, and the rest was the same as in Example 1.

[0077] Comparative Example 3

[0078] The water content of the copper concentrate used was 1 wt %, the pressure of the compressed air was 0.15 MPa, and the rest was the same as in Example 1.

[0079] Comparative Example 4

[0080] The water content of the copper concentrate used was 1 wt %, the pressure of the compressed air was 0.35 MPa, and the rest was the same as in Example 1.

[0081] Comparative Example 5

[0082] The water content of the copper concentrate used was 1 wt %, the pressure of the compressed air was 0.4 MPa, and the rest was the same as in Example 1.

[0083] Table 1

[0084]

[0085] It can be seen from Examples 1-3 that by adopting the top-blown furnace of the present invention, by controlling the moisture content of the material within the range of no more than 2wt%, and maintaining the pressure of the gas introduced into the discharge pipe through the second air inlet at 0.2MPa-0.3MPa, it is possible to add material from the side of the top-blown furnace body; while Comparative Examples 1-5 cannot add material from the side of the top-blown furnace body. It can be seen that the method of smelting using the top-blown furnace of the present invention, compared with the traditional top unloading method, can reduce the smoke generated in the top-blown furnace from carrying the material into the dust collection system during the rising process, thereby improving the direct recovery rate of the product.

[0086] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0087] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A top-blown furnace, characterized in that: include: A top-blown furnace body, wherein a feed inlet is provided on the side of the top-blown furnace body; A blowing device, the blowing device comprising: A blowing device body, wherein a accommodating space is defined in the blowing device body, a first material discharge port is provided at the top of the blowing device body, a first air inlet is provided at the side of the blowing device body, a first material discharge port is provided at the bottom of the blowing device body, and a control valve is provided at the first material discharge port; A discharge pipe, the discharge pipe is located below the main body of the blowing device, a second discharge port is provided on the side wall of the discharge pipe, the second discharge port is connected to the first discharge port, a second discharge port is provided at one end of the discharge pipe, the second discharge port is connected to the feed port, and a second air inlet is provided at the other end of the discharge pipe.

2. The top-blown furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the feed port and the bottom of the top-blown furnace body is 4m to 8m.

3. The top-blown furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blowing device further comprises: A first air inlet duct, the first air inlet duct comprises an air inlet main pipe, a first air inlet branch pipe and a second air inlet branch pipe, the air inlet main pipe is connected to the first air inlet branch pipe and the second air inlet branch pipe respectively, the first air inlet branch pipe is connected to the first air inlet port, and the second air inlet branch pipe is connected to the second air inlet port.

4. The top-blown furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blowing device further comprises: An air spray pipe is arranged along the inner circumferential wall of the discharge pipe and extends to below the second discharge port, and the inner diameter of the air spray pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the second air inlet branch pipe.

5. The top-blown furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ratio of the inner diameter of the second air inlet branch pipe to the inner diameter of the air injection pipe is (1-2):

1.

6. The top-blown furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blowing device further comprises: A second air inlet duct, wherein the second air inlet duct is sleeved on the outside of one end of the discharge duct close to the second discharge port, a cooling chamber is formed between the second air inlet duct and the discharge duct, a third air inlet is provided on the side wall of the second air inlet duct, an air outlet is provided at one end of the second air inlet duct close to the second discharge port, and one end of the second air inlet duct away from the second discharge port is connected to the discharge duct.

7. The top-blown furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure relief valve is arranged on the main body of the spraying device.

8. A method for smelting using the top-blown furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: (1) adding the material into the blowing device body through the first feeding port, and closing the control valve at the first feeding port; (2) introducing gas into the blowing device body through the first air inlet so that the material in the blowing device body falls into the discharge pipe; (3) Gas is introduced into the discharge pipe through the second air inlet so that the material in the discharge pipe is sprayed into the top-blown furnace body from the feed inlet on the side of the top-blown furnace body.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that Further including: (4) Supply cooling air to one end of the discharge pipe close to the second discharge port.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that In step (3), the pressure of the gas is 0.2 MPa to 0.3 MPa; Optionally, the water content of the material is not greater than 2 wt%.

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