Unmanned aerial vehicle tourist photography automatic control system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control, in particular to an unmanned aerial vehicle tourism photography automatic control system which comprises a light and climate monitoring module, a photography configuration adjusting module, a scenic spot coverage planning module and a real-time shooting execution module. According to the invention, environmental data is collected and analyzed in real time, the photographing parameters, including aperture, exposure time and ISO, of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be rapidly adjusted to adapt to the rapidly changing external environment, the flight path is dynamically calculated and optimized by means of the GIS technology, the energy consumption efficiency and coverage of the photographing task of the unmanned aerial vehicle are maximized, and the photographing efficiency of the unmanned aerial vehicle is improved. Through the automatic adjusting function of the real-time shooting execution module, the unmanned aerial vehicle can adjust the flight height and the camera angle according to actual climate conditions, the automation degree of operation and the adaptability of the system are remarkably improved, the response speed and the environment adaptability are remarkably improved, errors caused by manual operation delay are reduced, and the shooting quality and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of automatic control technology, and in particular to an automatic control system for unmanned aerial vehicle tourism photography. Background Art

[0002] Automatic control technology is an engineering discipline that involves operating and managing machines and equipment through automated systems. It is mainly used in many fields such as industrial automation, aerospace, robotics, transportation and intelligent buildings. Automatic control systems use sensors and actuators to automatically adjust operating parameters according to preset programs or through real-time data feedback to optimize system performance. In modern technology, automatic control not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of operations, but also greatly reduces manpower requirements and operational risks. The core includes the comprehensive application of control theory, system dynamics analysis, signal processing, and artificial intelligence.

[0003] Among them, the UAV tourism photography automatic control system is a technical solution designed to improve the tourism experience. Through the integrated automatic control technology, the UAV can perform complex shooting tasks without manual operation. The main uses include automatic tracking shooting, automatic route planning, real-time video streaming, etc. It can automatically adjust the flight route and photography parameters according to the terrain and specific landscape features, effectively capture high-quality visual content, and thus provide tourists with a unique perspective and memory recording.

[0004] Existing drone automatic control systems are often unable to adapt to sudden changes in weather and light conditions in real time, resulting in reduced shooting quality. For example, if the aperture or ISO is not adjusted quickly due to sudden changes in light, the image will be overexposed or underexposed. In addition, old flight planning technology does not consider real-time energy consumption optimization, which will cause drones to frequently return to replace power supplies, affecting mission efficiency, limiting the performance and scope of use of drones in complex environments, and reducing user experience and economic efficiency of operations. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings in the prior art and to propose an automatic control system for unmanned aerial vehicle tourism photography.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an automatic control system for unmanned aerial vehicle tourism photography comprises: The light and climate monitoring module measures the light intensity, temperature, humidity and wind speed data of the shooting location through environmental sensors, and sends them to the central processing unit in real time through the wireless network to record, analyze and summarize the comprehensive status of the current environment and generate climate monitoring data; The photography configuration adjustment module receives the climate monitoring data, captures the light changes and temperature fluctuations in the data, analyzes the effects of light and temperature on image exposure, adjusts the aperture size and exposure time of the drone photography device according to the image exposure impact analysis results, and simultaneously adjusts the ISO value to match the light intensity, thereby generating adjustment configuration data; The scenic spot coverage planning module extracts and analyzes the location information of the scenic spots stored in the GIS based on the adjustment configuration data, calculates the shortest flight path between the scenic spots, and dynamically plans the flight route to fully cover the scenic spots according to the shortest flight path calculation result, combined with the flight continuity and energy consumption of the UAV, and generates flight planning data; The real-time shooting execution module controls the UAV to fly along the planned route according to the flight planning data, automatically adjusts the flight altitude and camera angle according to the real-time climate change and the position of the UAV, monitors the status of the UAV photography equipment according to the flight altitude and camera angle adjustment results, determines that each scenic spot is photographed according to the predetermined requirements, and generates real-time photography records.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of acquiring the climate monitoring data is: Deploy environmental sensors in the target shooting area to measure and record the light intensity, temperature, humidity and wind speed data of the scenic area to generate a real-time environmental data set; Based on the real-time environmental data set, the data is instantly transmitted to the central processing unit via a wireless network, and the central processing unit receives and performs data cleaning and standardization, verifies the data accuracy and consistency, and generates standardized environmental status data; Based on the standardized environmental status data, trend analysis, anomaly detection and environmental quality assessment are carried out on the data to fully reveal the current environmental conditions and generate climate monitoring data.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps of analyzing the impact of image exposure are: Receive the climate monitoring data, extract real-time data of light intensity and temperature; perform preliminary screening and preprocessing, exclude abnormal values, and generate real-time light and temperature monitoring data; Calculate the rate of change of light and temperature based on the real-time light and temperature monitoring data and , get the analysis results of light and temperature changes; Using the analysis results of the light and temperature changes, the impact on the exposure of drone photography images is comprehensively evaluated using the formula: ; Calculate image exposure impact index , generate image exposure impact analysis results.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of obtaining the adjustment configuration data is: Based on the image exposure impact analysis result, the actual impact of the illumination change on the image quality is analyzed, the aperture adjustment requirement is determined through the exposure difference index, the exposure time is adjusted to compensate for the impact of the illumination change, and the aperture and exposure time adjustment records are obtained; According to the aperture and exposure time adjustment records, the ISO value is adjusted synchronously, the optimal adjustment amount of the aperture and exposure time and the matching value of the ISO are determined, and the ISO adjustment record is output; The aperture and exposure time adjustment records and the ISO adjustment records are combined to record new aperture settings, exposure time and ISO values, and are synchronously updated to the photography equipment of the drone to generate adjustment configuration data.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps of calculating the shortest flight path are: According to the adjustment configuration data, spatial query is performed in combination with the scenic spot data in the GIS system, the scenic spots meeting the conditions are screened, and the geographical location information is extracted to obtain the geographical information of the scenic spots; Based on the scenic spot geographic information, coordinate conversion is performed to convert the geographic coordinates in the scenic spot geographic information into universal GPS coordinates, verify the consistency of the data, and generate standardized location information; According to the standardized position information, combined with the flight capability parameters of the UAV, the formula is adopted: ; Calculate and determine the shortest flight distance between all attractions , generate the shortest flight path data, where The GPS coordinates of the starting point. Represents the GPS coordinates of the target point of interest.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of acquiring the flight planning data is: Extract the maximum flight time and battery capacity according to the technical specifications of the drone, analyze the expected energy consumption of each flight segment in combination with the shortest flight path data, and generate a flight endurance analysis report; According to the flight endurance analysis report, the flight route of the drone is optimized, and the formula is used to combine the flight energy consumption, speed limit, distance between scenic spots and priority of the drone: ; Calculate the total cost of the difference flight paths , select the flight path with the lowest cost and covering all scenic spots, and generate optimized flight route data, Indicates The distance of flight, For the estimated flight time, is the expected energy consumption; The optimized flight route data is converted into navigation instructions executable by the UAV, the flight route is decomposed into actual waypoints and intermediate stops, flight safety management measures are integrated, and flight planning data is generated.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps of adjusting the flight height and the camera angle are: Based on the flight planning data, control the UAV to start and take off along a predetermined planned route, monitor the initial flight performance of the UAV through a real-time data link, and generate initial flight parameters of the UAV; The actual wind speed data of the scenic area and the GPS location information of the drone are collected in real time, and combined with the preliminary flight parameters of the drone, the formula is used: ; Calculate new flight altitude , generate the flight altitude adjustment result, where, Represents the actual wind speed value of the scenic area obtained from the weather station. represents the expected flight altitude of the drone, Represents the current GPS latitude position of the drone; Based on the preliminary flight parameters of the UAV and combined with the real-time camera position information, the formula is used: ; Calculate the new camera angle , generate the camera angle adjustment result, where Represents the current GPS longitude position of the drone, represents the desired camera angle of the drone, Represents the current wind speed level; According to the flight altitude adjustment result and the camera angle adjustment result, the drone settings are automatically configured, the heading and flight speed settings are updated, the flight altitude and camera angle are accurately adjusted, and a flight execution record is generated.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps of obtaining the real-time photographic record are: Based on the flight execution record, monitor the status of the drone's photographic equipment in real time, and generate a device status monitoring report by detecting focus adjustment capability, exposure setting response time, and image stability; Based on the equipment status monitoring report and the current location of the drone, a shooting plan for each scenic spot is planned, the drone is automatically triggered to shoot, and a shooting execution record is generated; The shooting execution record is transmitted to the ground station in real time via the data link carried by the drone, the incoming images are preliminarily screened and processed, the image quality is evaluated, the shooting time and location of each scenic spot are recorded, and post-processing is performed to generate a real-time photography record.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: In the present invention, by real-time collection and analysis of environmental data, the photography parameters of the drone, including aperture, exposure time and ISO, can be quickly adjusted to adapt to the rapidly changing external environment. With the help of GIS technology, the flight path is dynamically calculated and optimized, thereby maximizing the energy efficiency and coverage of the drone shooting task. Through the automatic adjustment function of the real-time shooting execution module, the drone can adjust the flight altitude and camera angle according to actual climatic conditions, significantly improving the degree of automation of operation and the adaptability of the system, significantly improving the response speed and environmental adaptability, reducing errors caused by human operation delays, and improving shooting quality and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a system flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flow chart for obtaining climate monitoring data of the present invention; Figure 3 The flowchart of the analysis of the image exposure effect of the present invention; Figure 4 A flowchart for obtaining configuration data for adjusting the present invention; Figure 5 is a calculation flow chart of the shortest flight path of the present invention; Figure 6 A flowchart for obtaining flight planning data of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flow chart of adjusting the flight altitude and camera angle of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a flow chart of obtaining real-time photography records of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0018] See also Figure 1 , an automatic control system for unmanned aerial vehicle tourism photography includes: The light and climate monitoring module measures the light intensity, temperature, humidity and wind speed data of the shooting location through environmental sensors, and sends them to the central processing unit in real time through the wireless network to record, analyze and summarize the comprehensive status of the current environment and generate climate monitoring data; The photography configuration adjustment module receives climate monitoring data, captures the light changes and temperature fluctuations in the data, analyzes the impact of light and temperature on image exposure, adjusts the aperture size and exposure time of the drone photography equipment according to the image exposure impact analysis results, and simultaneously adjusts the ISO value to match the light intensity to generate adjustment configuration data; The scenic spot coverage planning module extracts and analyzes the location information of scenic spots stored in GIS based on the adjustment configuration data, calculates the shortest flight path between scenic spots, and dynamically plans the flight route to fully cover the scenic spots based on the shortest flight path calculation results, combined with the flight sustainability and energy consumption of the drone, and generates flight planning data; The real-time shooting execution module controls the UAV to fly along the planned route according to the flight planning data, automatically adjusts the flight altitude and camera angle according to the real-time climate changes and the position of the UAV, monitors the status of the UAV photography equipment according to the flight altitude and camera angle adjustment results, ensures that each scenic spot is photographed according to the predetermined requirements, and generates real-time photography records.

[0019] Climate monitoring data includes ambient temperature data, relative humidity data, wind direction and speed data, and light intensity data; adjustment configuration data includes aperture adjustment value, exposure adjustment value, and ISO adjustment value; flight planning data includes dynamic flight routes and coverage areas; real-time photography records include shooting timestamp, shooting location, and image clarity.

[0020] See also Figure 2 , the steps for obtaining climate monitoring data are: Deploy environmental sensors in the target shooting area to measure and record the light intensity, temperature, humidity and wind speed data of the scenic area to generate a real-time environmental data set; After the environmental sensors are deployed in the target shooting scenic area, the sensors begin to continuously monitor the light intensity, temperature, humidity and wind speed. The specific operations include: the sensors set monitoring thresholds for each environmental variable and capture data outside the normal range in real time; for the measurement data of each parameter, the sensor performs preliminary data formatting inside, such as converting the light intensity from photocurrent to standard light units, and converting temperature data from resistance change to degrees Celsius. The conversion process ensures the consistency and comparability of the data; the sensor also sets the data sending frequency to ensure real-time data updating.

[0021] Based on the real-time environmental data set, it is instantly transmitted to the central processing unit through the wireless network. The central processing unit receives and performs data cleaning and standardization, verifies the data accuracy and consistency, and generates standardized environmental status data; After receiving the data from the sensor, the central processing unit immediately starts the data processing program, which first performs format check and error detection on the received data, and standardizes the data, such as converting all temperature readings into readings under standard pressure relative to sea level to eliminate the influence of altitude on temperature readings; in addition, the central processing unit will also calculate the environmental quality index based on the various environmental parameter data received. The index is evaluated by analyzing the historical data and current readings of each parameter, and can automatically adjust the data processing parameters according to environmental changes to ensure the accuracy of environmental assessment.

[0022] Based on standardized environmental status data, trend analysis, anomaly detection and environmental quality assessment are carried out to comprehensively reveal the current environmental status and generate climate monitoring data; After the central processing unit completes the initial standardization and cleaning of the received environmental data, it enters the stage of detailed data analysis and environmental status assessment. The data sets of light intensity, temperature, humidity and wind speed are evaluated separately. Through time series analysis, outliers and mutation points in the data are identified, indicating rapid changes in environmental conditions or sensor failures. The evaluation results are then integrated, and the magnitude of changes in each parameter and its sensitivity to environmental quality are compared. Different parameters are assigned different weights according to their impact importance, and a comprehensive environmental status index is synthesized to generate a climate monitoring report, which provides current environmental data and trend analysis based on historical data, supports environmental management decisions, and provides strategic recommendations, ensuring that every aspect of the data is fully utilized and providing comprehensive observation and response to environmental changes.

[0023] See also Figure 3 , the analysis steps of image exposure effect are: Receive climate monitoring data and extract real-time data on light intensity and temperature; perform preliminary screening and preprocessing, exclude abnormal values, and generate real-time light and temperature monitoring data; Receive climate monitoring data, extract real-time data on light and temperature in the target shooting area, record light intensity and temperature readings every minute, conduct preliminary analysis on the data collected every minute, screen out abnormal data that obviously deviates from the normal range, such as light intensity suddenly jumping to an impossible high value or temperature readings abnormally lower than the value of the possible state of the environment, and then use the moving average method to smooth these data to reduce the impact of environmental noise and ensure the reliability and effectiveness of the data obtained in subsequent analysis; in this process, the data smoothing method used is to update the reading of the current minute by calculating the average value within five consecutive minutes, which can effectively filter short-term fluctuations and retain trend changes on a longer time scale. The data finally generated will directly affect the decision support system of the UAV system and provide a solid data foundation for the analysis of light and temperature changes.

[0024] Calculate the rate of change of light and temperature based on real-time light and temperature monitoring data and , get the analysis results of light and temperature changes; In the above content, when calculating the rate of change of light and temperature, it is assumed that the monitored light intensity increases from 100 lux to 150 lux within 5 minutes, and the temperature increases from 20°C to 25°C, and the time interval is set to 300 seconds, then: ; ; The results show that during the studied time period, the average rates of change of light intensity and temperature were 0.167 lux / s and 0.0167°C / s, respectively.

[0025] Using the analysis results of light and temperature changes, the impact on the exposure of drone photography images is comprehensively evaluated using the formula: ; Calculate image exposure impact index , generating image exposure impact analysis results; According to the above calculation, the rate of change of illumination and temperature change rate , substitute the value into the formula to calculate: ; ; The results show that at a given rate of change, the image exposure impact index is very small, at 0.000523. This index reflects the minimal impact of the combined changes in light and temperature on the exposure of UAV photography images under current environmental conditions, indicating that at this rate of change, the UAV's photography system may not need to make large exposure adjustments.

[0026] See also Figure 4 , the steps to obtain the adjustment configuration data are: Based on the image exposure impact analysis results, analyze the actual impact of illumination changes on image quality, determine the aperture adjustment requirements through the exposure difference index, adjust the exposure time to compensate for the impact of illumination changes, and obtain the aperture and exposure time adjustment records; Based on the results of the image exposure impact analysis, the aperture adjustment requirements are first determined. By analyzing the impact of lighting changes on image quality, the exposure difference index is calculated. This index measures the deviation of image exposure under current lighting conditions. When the exposure difference index is higher than a specific threshold, the system automatically recommends reducing the aperture to reduce the amount of light entering the camera; conversely, if the index is lower than the threshold, the system will recommend increasing the aperture to increase the amount of light received. This process ensures that the drone photography equipment can capture balanced images under different lighting conditions, thereby ensuring consistency in image quality.

[0027] According to the aperture and exposure time adjustment records, the ISO value is adjusted synchronously, the optimal adjustment amount of the aperture and exposure time and the matching value of ISO are determined, and the ISO adjustment record is output; After adjusting the aperture size, it is crucial to adjust the exposure time and ISO value simultaneously. The process involves the careful regulation of the photographic equipment to ensure that each shot can adapt to changes in ambient light. In specific operations, the system adjusts the ISO value through a real-time feedback mechanism based on the light intensity data collected from the environmental sensor to match the current light intensity. The system uses a preset response curve that automatically calculates the ideal ISO setting based on changes in light intensity. When the light intensity suddenly increases, the ISO value will be automatically lowered to avoid overexposure; when the light decreases, the ISO value will be increased accordingly to ensure that the image will not be darkened due to insufficient light. This dynamic adjustment strategy enables the drone to adjust shooting parameters in real time during flight to cope with rapidly changing external environments.

[0028] Comprehensive aperture and exposure time adjustment records and ISO adjustment records, record new aperture settings, exposure time and ISO values, and synchronously update them to the drone's photography equipment to generate adjustment configuration data; All new setting parameters, such as aperture size, exposure time and ISO value, are synchronized to the drone's photography control system. The update of these parameters is performed by the drone's central processing unit, which is responsible for distributing the new photography settings to the relevant hardware components. In addition, the system also stores these settings in the configuration file of the flight mission so that these settings remain consistent throughout the mission. In this way, the drone can automatically adjust its photography parameters according to the predetermined exposure configuration during the next flight. This automated parameter adjustment process ensures that the drone can capture high-quality images regardless of the lighting conditions, greatly improving the efficiency of the mission and the reliability of image acquisition.

[0029] See also Figure 5 , the calculation steps of the shortest flight path are: According to the adjustment configuration data, spatial query is performed in combination with the scenic spot data in the GIS system, the scenic spots that meet the conditions are screened, and the geographical location information is extracted to obtain the geographical information of the scenic spots; According to the adjustment configuration data, high-level spatial query of scenic spot data in the GIS system is performed. The process includes extracting scenic spot records that meet specific conditions from the database. First, the query conditions are entered through the interface, such as the geographical area boundaries (latitude and longitude range) of the scenic spot, the type of scenic spot or the visiting time period. The data is formatted as an SQL query statement. Then, the database engine processes the query statement and executes the corresponding data retrieval operation. During this period, spatial indexes are used to accelerate the query efficiency of geographic location data. Once the data is retrieved, the system will also perform preliminary sorting and filtering on the data to remove data items that do not meet user needs. For example, it will screen out scenic spots that are closed for the season or inaccessible for maintenance. Finally, the query results will be organized into a list or map form and displayed to the user for further analysis and use to obtain the geographic information of the scenic spot.

[0030] Based on the geographical information of scenic spots, coordinate conversion is performed to convert the geographical coordinates in the geographical information of scenic spots into universal GPS coordinates, verify the consistency of data, and generate standardized location information; Apply the coordinate conversion algorithm to convert the geographic coordinate system in the scenic spot's geographic information into a universal GPS coordinate system. This operation involves multiple calculation steps. First, the system needs to read the original geographic coordinates of each scenic spot. The coordinates may come from different geographic coordinate systems, such as WGS84 or GCJ02. Each system has its own specific ellipsoid and coordinate offset definition. The conversion tool in the system first identifies the coordinate system of the original data, and then uses predefined algorithms and parameters to convert these coordinates into GPS standard coordinates. This usually involves complex mathematical operations, such as trigonometric functions and vector operations, to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the conversion. At the same time, the algorithm must also handle potential data anomalies or errors, such as coordinates that exceed the valid range, and perform appropriate error handling or data correction on the anomalies to ensure that each converted coordinate can be accurately used for subsequent path calculation and navigation tasks to generate standardized location information.

[0031] Based on the standardized position information and combined with the flight capability parameters of the drone, the formula is used: ; Calculate and determine the shortest flight distance between all attractions , generate the shortest flight path data, where The GPS coordinates of the starting point. The GPS coordinates representing the target attraction; The coordinates of the first scenic spot are (100, 200, 50), and the coordinates of the second scenic spot are (150, 250, 75). The calculation process is as follows: ; ; ; ; ; The results show that the shortest flight distance from the first attraction to the second attraction is 75 units in length. This distance will be used to plan the flight route of the drone to ensure that the drone covers all attractions along the shortest route.

[0032] See also Figure 6 , the steps to obtain flight planning data are: Extract the maximum flight time and battery capacity based on the drone's technical specifications, combine the shortest flight path data, analyze the expected energy consumption of each flight segment, and generate a flight endurance analysis report; The maximum flight time and battery capacity of the drone are obtained from its technical specifications, and detailed data analysis is performed. This includes extracting data from the technical manuals and product test reports provided by the manufacturer, analyzing the charging cycle of the battery capacity, the energy consumption ratio and the power consumption in different operating modes, and combining the flight speed and flight conditions of the drone, such as the influence of wind speed and wind direction, to further estimate the energy consumption changes that the drone may encounter when performing flight missions. Taking into account possible emergencies that may occur in actual flights, such as unexpectedly increased loads or sudden weather changes, it is predicted how often the battery needs to be charged or replaced before completing a complete mission. These analysis results will be used to formulate maintenance and operation plans for the drone and generate flight endurance analysis reports.

[0033] According to the flight endurance analysis report, the flight route of the drone is optimized, combined with the flight energy consumption, speed limit, distance between scenic spots and priority of the drone, using the formula: ; Calculate the total cost of the difference flight paths , select the flight path with the lowest cost and covering all scenic spots, and generate optimized flight route data, Indicates The distance of flight, For the estimated flight time, is the expected energy consumption; The drone flew in three stages, and the specific data for each stage are as follows: , minute, .

[0034] , minute, .

[0035] , minute, .

[0036] The cost calculation of the first flight: ; Second leg flight cost calculation: ; The cost calculation of the third flight: ; Total cost: ; The results show that with the current parameter settings, the estimated total cost of a drone to complete a flight mission covering all scenic spots is 45.225 units, which is helpful for flight plan optimization and cost control, thereby ensuring that the drone's flight coverage is maximized while maintaining cost-effectiveness.

[0037] According to the optimized flight route data, it is converted into navigation instructions that can be executed by the drone, the flight route is decomposed into actual waypoints and intermediate stops, and flight safety management measures are integrated to generate flight planning data; The optimized detailed flight route plan is converted into navigation instructions that can be executed by the drone, including converting the start and end points of each flight route into GPS coordinates, defining the flight altitude and dwell time of the waypoints, considering flight safety, analyzing possible flight risks, such as nearby no-fly zones and common high-risk weather conditions, setting emergency landing points and possible backup routes. This process also involves real-time data exchange with the ground control system to ensure that the drone can adjust the flight path according to real-time weather and airspace conditions. The final flight planning data will be directly uploaded to the drone's navigation system as a direct guide for executing the flight mission.

[0038] See also Figure 7 , the adjustment steps of flight altitude and camera angle are: Based on the flight planning data, the drone is controlled to start and take off along the planned route, the initial flight performance of the drone is monitored through real-time data links, and the initial flight parameters of the drone are generated; Based on the flight planning data, the operator starts the drone and takes off along the predetermined route. After takeoff, the drone collects flight data in real time through its multi-sensor system. These data include but are not limited to the drone's airspeed, altitude, attitude and GPS coordinates. The data processing unit on the drone monitors the drone's flight status and location information in real time and conducts a preliminary analysis of the flight data. During this process, the flight control system automatically adjusts the drone's thrust and rudder according to real-time data to maintain flight stability and move along the predetermined path. At the same time, the drone's heading adjustment and speed change are also continuously recorded to provide data support for subsequent flight analysis. The preliminary flight parameters of the drone generated during the entire process include flight trajectory, speed log and altitude change. The data is saved in the flight recorder for subsequent mission analysis and adjustment.

[0039] Collect the actual wind speed data of the scenic area and the GPS location information of the drone in real time, combine the preliminary flight parameters of the drone, and use the formula: ; Calculate new flight altitude , generate the flight altitude adjustment result, where, Represents the actual wind speed value of the scenic area obtained from the weather station. represents the expected flight altitude of the drone, Represents the current GPS latitude position of the drone; Represents the real-time wind speed condition data obtained from the weather station, for example, the measured wind speed is 15m / s.

[0040] Represents the expected flight altitude of the drone, set to 1000m.

[0041] Represents the current GPS latitude of the drone, which is 0.75.

[0042] Calculate the absolute difference: ; Calculate the square root and denominator: ; ; Calculate the new flight altitude: ; The results show that according to the current wind speed conditions and GPS position, the flight altitude of the drone needs to be adjusted to about 18 meters to adapt to the current environment. This altitude adjustment is based on the latest climate data and location information to ensure that the drone maintains stable flight in unstable climate conditions. At the same time, this altitude can help the drone avoid possible low-altitude obstacles and ensure flight safety.

[0043] Based on the preliminary flight parameters of the drone and combined with the real-time camera position information, the formula is used: ; Calculate the new camera angle , generate the camera angle adjustment result, where Represents the current GPS longitude position of the drone, represents the desired camera angle of the drone, Represents the current wind speed level; Represents the current GPS longitude position of the drone, which is 0.95.

[0044] Represents the desired camera angle of the drone, set to 45 degrees.

[0045] Represents the current wind speed level, which is 3 (light wind level).

[0046] Calculate the absolute difference: ; Calculate the square root and denominator: ; ; Calculate the new camera angle: ; The result shows that the camera angle needs to be adjusted to about 1.66 degrees based on the current position of the drone and wind speed conditions. This helps the drone to better focus and capture images of the target location during actual flight. Due to the low wind speed, the camera angle adjustment is smaller to maintain stable image capture performance and avoid image blur caused by excessive adjustment.

[0047] According to the flight altitude adjustment results and camera angle adjustment results, automatically configure the drone settings, update the heading and flight speed settings, accurately adjust the flight altitude and camera angle, and generate a flight execution record; After the flight altitude and camera angle are recalculated and adjusted, the flight control system of the drone receives the latest parameter settings, and the flight management software inside the system immediately updates the flight configuration of the drone according to the adjustment results, including adjusting the flight altitude and modifying the camera angle. The process involves the coordinated work of the drone's heading control system and the camera control module. The heading control system adjusts the pitch angle of the drone according to the new flight altitude parameters to accurately reach the set flight altitude. At the same time, the camera control module controls the direction of the camera according to the adjusted angle parameters to ensure that the best photographic perspective can be captured. All flight dynamics of the drone and adjustments of the camera angle are carried out under the real-time monitoring of the flight control center to ensure that each adjustment is accurate. All parameter changes and actual effects during the adjustment process will be recorded by the system and fed back to the control center to ensure the successful completion of the flight mission.

[0048] See also Figure 8 , the steps for obtaining real-time photography records are: Based on the flight execution record, the status of the drone's photographic equipment is monitored in real time, and a device status monitoring report is generated by detecting the focus adjustment capability, exposure setting response time, and image stability; Based on the flight altitude of the drone and the camera angle adjustment results, the inspection process is initiated. First, the status of the photographic equipment is evaluated. Through the multiple sensors installed on the drone, the reaction speed and accuracy of the focus adjuster are comprehensively monitored to ensure that the focus can be adjusted quickly and accurately at different flight altitudes; next, check whether the exposure mechanism can quickly adapt to changes in ambient light, especially when passing through clouds or in environments with sudden changes in light; finally, determine whether the image jitter caused by vibration or wind speed changes during flight can be effectively offset. Each detection step is executed through specific sensor data and fed back to the ground control room in real time. Based on the data, an equipment status monitoring report is generated. The report records the status of various functions of the equipment in detail to ensure that the photographic equipment maintains optimal performance when performing flight missions. Based on the equipment status monitoring report and the current location of the drone, the shooting plan for each scenic spot is planned, the drone is automatically triggered to shoot, and the shooting execution record is generated; After obtaining the equipment status monitoring report, the drone automatically formulates a specific shooting plan for each scenic spot based on the report and the real-time location information of the drone, adjusts the flight path of the drone to approach the scenic spot in the best way, and triggers shooting at the most appropriate time. In addition, the camera aperture and shutter speed are automatically adjusted according to the flight altitude and specific location to adapt to the current lighting conditions and depth of field requirements. At the same time, a preliminary analysis of the real-time captured images is performed, and the color balance and contrast are automatically adjusted to ensure that each frame of the image captured meets the preset quality standards. Detailed shooting parameters and image quality evaluation results are recorded, and accurate shooting task execution records are generated, providing complete data support for subsequent image processing and analysis.

[0049] The shooting execution records are transmitted to the ground station in real time through the data link carried by the drone, and the incoming images are preliminarily screened and processed, the image quality is evaluated, the shooting time and location of each scenic spot are recorded, and post-processed to generate real-time photography records; After completing the shooting mission, the drone transmits the image data to the ground station in real time through its high-speed data link system. The ground station's receiving system immediately performs a preliminary screening of the incoming data, uses advanced image recognition software to quickly evaluate the quality of each image, screens out low-quality images due to improper exposure or misfocus, and further classifies and labels qualified images. The ground processing team uses professional image processing software to perform color correction, brightness adjustment and detail enhancement on the selected images. The results of each processing are recorded in detail, including processing time, operator and specific processing parameters, forming part of the real-time photography record and providing important data for the final report and analysis of the project.

[0050] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical contents disclosed above to change or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic control system for drone tourism photography, characterized in that: The system comprises: The light and climate monitoring module measures the light intensity, temperature, humidity and wind speed data of the shooting location through environmental sensors, and sends them to the central processing unit in real time through the wireless network to record, analyze and summarize the comprehensive status of the current environment and generate climate monitoring data; The photography configuration adjustment module receives the climate monitoring data, captures the light changes and temperature fluctuations in the data, analyzes the effects of light and temperature on image exposure, adjusts the aperture size and exposure time of the drone photography device according to the image exposure impact analysis results, and simultaneously adjusts the ISO value to match the light intensity, thereby generating adjustment configuration data; The scenic spot coverage planning module extracts and analyzes the location information of the scenic spots stored in the GIS based on the adjustment configuration data, calculates the shortest flight path between the scenic spots, and dynamically plans the flight route to fully cover the scenic spots according to the shortest flight path calculation result, combined with the flight continuity and energy consumption of the UAV, and generates flight planning data; The real-time shooting execution module controls the UAV to fly along the planned route according to the flight planning data, automatically adjusts the flight altitude and camera angle according to the real-time climate change and the position of the UAV, monitors the status of the UAV photography equipment according to the flight altitude and camera angle adjustment results, determines that each scenic spot is photographed according to the predetermined requirements, and generates real-time photography records.

2. The automatic control system for drone tourism photography according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the climate monitoring data are as follows: Deploy environmental sensors in the target shooting area to measure and record the light intensity, temperature, humidity and wind speed data of the scenic area to generate a real-time environmental data set; Based on the real-time environmental data set, the data is instantly transmitted to the central processing unit via a wireless network, and the central processing unit receives and performs data cleaning and standardization, verifies the data accuracy and consistency, and generates standardized environmental status data; Based on the standardized environmental status data, trend analysis, anomaly detection and environmental quality assessment are carried out on the data to fully reveal the current environmental conditions and generate climate monitoring data.

3. The automatic control system for drone tourism photography according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The analysis steps of the image exposure effect are: Receive the climate monitoring data, extract real-time data of light intensity and temperature; perform preliminary screening and preprocessing, exclude abnormal values, and generate real-time light and temperature monitoring data; Calculate the rate of change of light and temperature based on the real-time light and temperature monitoring data and , get the analysis results of light and temperature changes; Using the analysis results of the light and temperature changes, the impact on the exposure of drone photography images is comprehensively evaluated using the formula: ； Calculate image exposure impact index , generate image exposure impact analysis results.

4. The automatic control system for drone tourism photography according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the adjustment configuration data are: Based on the image exposure impact analysis result, the actual impact of the illumination change on the image quality is analyzed, the aperture adjustment requirement is determined through the exposure difference index, the exposure time is adjusted to compensate for the impact of the illumination change, and the aperture and exposure time adjustment records are obtained; According to the aperture and exposure time adjustment records, the ISO value is adjusted synchronously, the optimal adjustment amount of the aperture and exposure time and the matching value of the ISO are determined, and the ISO adjustment record is output; The aperture and exposure time adjustment records and the ISO adjustment records are combined to record new aperture settings, exposure time and ISO values, and are synchronously updated to the photography equipment of the drone to generate adjustment configuration data.

5. The automatic control system for drone tourism photography according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The calculation steps of the shortest flight path are: According to the adjustment configuration data, spatial query is performed in combination with the scenic spot data in the GIS system, the scenic spots meeting the conditions are screened, and the geographical location information is extracted to obtain the geographical information of the scenic spots; Based on the scenic spot geographic information, coordinate conversion is performed to convert the geographic coordinates in the scenic spot geographic information into universal GPS coordinates, verify the consistency of the data, and generate standardized location information; According to the standardized position information, combined with the flight capability parameters of the UAV, the formula is adopted: ； Calculate and determine the shortest flight distance between all attractions , generate the shortest flight path data, where The GPS coordinates of the starting point. Represents the GPS coordinates of the target point of interest.

6. The automatic control system for drone tourism photography according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the flight planning data are as follows: Extract the maximum flight time and battery capacity according to the technical specifications of the drone, analyze the expected energy consumption of each flight segment in combination with the shortest flight path data, and generate a flight endurance analysis report; According to the flight endurance analysis report, the flight route of the drone is optimized, and the formula is used to combine the flight energy consumption, speed limit, distance between scenic spots and priority of the drone: ； Calculate the total cost of the difference flight paths , select the flight path with the lowest cost and covering all scenic spots, and generate optimized flight route data, Indicates The distance of flight, For the estimated flight time, is the expected energy consumption; The optimized flight route data is converted into navigation instructions executable by the UAV, the flight route is decomposed into actual waypoints and intermediate stops, flight safety management measures are integrated, and flight planning data is generated.

7. The automatic control system for UAV tourism photography according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps for adjusting the flight altitude and camera angle are as follows: Based on the flight planning data, control the UAV to start and take off along a predetermined planned route, monitor the initial flight performance of the UAV through a real-time data link, and generate initial flight parameters of the UAV; The actual wind speed data of the scenic area and the GPS location information of the drone are collected in real time, and combined with the preliminary flight parameters of the drone, the formula is used: ； Calculate new flight altitude , generate the flight altitude adjustment result, where, Represents the actual wind speed value of the scenic area obtained from the weather station. represents the expected flight altitude of the drone, Represents the current GPS latitude position of the drone; Based on the preliminary flight parameters of the UAV and combined with the real-time camera position information, the formula is used: ； Calculate the new camera angle , generate the camera angle adjustment result, where Represents the current GPS longitude position of the drone, represents the desired camera angle of the drone, Represents the current wind speed level; According to the flight altitude adjustment result and the camera angle adjustment result, the drone settings are automatically configured, the heading and flight speed settings are updated, the flight altitude and camera angle are accurately adjusted, and a flight execution record is generated.

8. The automatic control system for drone tourism photography according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps of obtaining the real-time photography record are: Based on the flight execution record, monitor the status of the drone's photographic equipment in real time, and generate a device status monitoring report by detecting focus adjustment capability, exposure setting response time, and image stability; Based on the equipment status monitoring report and the current location of the drone, a shooting plan for each scenic spot is planned, the drone is automatically triggered to shoot, and a shooting execution record is generated; The shooting execution record is transmitted to the ground station in real time via the data link carried by the drone, the incoming images are preliminarily screened and processed, the image quality is evaluated, the shooting time and location of each scenic spot are recorded, and post-processing is performed to generate a real-time photography record.

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