Polishing head and polishing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of polishing machine tools, and discloses a polishing head and a polishing device.The polishing head comprises a main rod, a second rod, a third rod and a fourth rod, the piezoelectric actuator is connected into the mounting groove, the piezoelectric actuator is provided with a moving end capable of moving up and down, and the moving end is arranged downwards; the transmission part is connected to the moving end and downwards extends out of the mounting groove; the piezoelectric actuator is used for performing micro-motion control on the polishing disc, the movement of the polishing disc can be quickly and accurately controlled, so that the machining efficiency and quality of the polishing head are improved, the polishing disc can be well attached to the surface of a workpiece in the polishing machining process for the surface of the workpiece which is not in rotational symmetry, and the machining precision of the polishing head is improved. And in combination with a smooth track and dwell time controlled by a computer, the surface shape iteration efficiency is improved, so that the machining universality of the polishing head on different workpieces is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a polishing machine tool, in particular to a polishing head and a polishing device. Background Art

[0002] Computer-controlled optical surface shaping technology is an important branch of modern optical processing technology. Its core lies in using computers to accurately control the processing process and achieve high-precision shaping of the surface shape of optical components. The emergence of this technology is undoubtedly a revolution in the field of optical processing. It has greatly improved the production efficiency and quality of optical components, especially in mass production.

[0003] However, as mentioned above, computer-controlled optical surface shaping technology brings convenience, but also has certain limitations, the most notable of which is the generation of mid-frequency surface shape errors. Mid-frequency surface shape errors usually originate from factors such as vibration during processing, machine tool precision limitations, and processing strategies. For example, the vertical feed of the polishing head cannot be too fast during optical processing, otherwise it will affect the processing accuracy of the workpiece, but the slower feed speed will affect the overall processing efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a polishing head that can take into account both processing quality and processing efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a polishing head and a polishing device to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial choice or create conditions.

[0005] The solution of the present invention to solve its technical problem is: A polishing head comprises: a main rod, a mounting groove is arranged on the bottom side of which, and the mounting groove extends along the axial direction of the main rod; a piezoelectric actuator, which is connected to the mounting groove, and the piezoelectric actuator has a movable end that can move up and down, and the movable end is arranged downward; a transmission member, which is connected to the movable end and extends downward from the mounting groove; and a polishing disc, which is connected to the bottom end of the transmission member.

[0006] This technical solution has at least the following beneficial effects: the main rod is used to be installed on the external polishing equipment, so that the entire polishing head can be driven by the external equipment to the workpiece, and the polishing disk is used to abut against the surface of the workpiece to polish the workpiece. During operation, the piezoelectric actuator in the polishing head applies a voltage signal to control the lifting and lowering of the moving end, and the moving end drives the polishing disk up and down through the transmission member, so that the downward pressure of the polishing disk is basically the same when passing each point on the workpiece surface to be processed. In this way, the micro-motion control of the polishing disk by the piezoelectric actuator can achieve fast and accurate control of the polishing disk movement, thereby improving the processing efficiency and quality of the polishing head, and for non-rotationally symmetrical workpiece surfaces, the polishing disk can better fit the workpiece surface during the polishing process, combined with the computer-controlled smooth trajectory and dwell time, the surface shape iteration efficiency is improved, thereby further improving the versatility of the polishing head for processing different workpieces.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the transmission member includes an extension rod and a base, the top end of the extension rod is connected to the mobile end, the base is connected to the bottom end of the extension rod, and the polishing disc is connected to the bottom surface of the base. The extension rod is used to connect to the mobile end and extend the main rod to output power to the base. The base can be used to facilitate the installation of the polishing disc, increase the connection area between the polishing disc and the base, improve the stability of the installation of the polishing disc, and realize the stable output of the power of the piezoelectric actuator located in the main rod to the polishing disc.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a peripheral edge is connected to the outside of the base, the peripheral edge extends around the main rod, and the peripheral edge abuts against the outside of the main rod. The peripheral edge forms an annular limiting structure on the outside of the main rod, which can limit the up and down movement of the base relative to the main rod, effectively reducing the horizontal deviation of the base relative to the main rod, thereby further improving the stability of the polishing disc processing quality.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a limiting channel is provided on the outer side of the main rod, the limiting channel penetrates the main rod in the radial direction of the main rod, the limiting channel extends in the up-down direction, a limiting rod is inserted in the limiting channel, and the limiting rod passes through the extension rod in the radial direction of the extension rod. By passing the limiting rod through the extension rod, the two ends of the limiting rod are respectively inserted into the two ends of the limiting channel for limiting, which can effectively prevent the extension rod from being driven to produce horizontal deflection, and the limiting rod can move up and down in the limiting channel as the extension rod moves up and down, further improving the stability of the polishing disc movement.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a receiving groove is provided on the bottom side of the base, and a connecting screw is inserted into the receiving groove, and the connecting screw is connected to the bottom end of the extension rod. The base and the extension rod are detachable structures. When the two are assembled, the connecting screw is inserted into the receiving groove on the bottom side of the base and connected to the extension rod, so that the extension rod and the base are connected to each other, and the receiving groove is used to store the head of the connecting screw, so that the overall connection structure is more compact and can facilitate the subsequent maintenance or replacement of the polishing disc.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a plurality of first grooves are arranged at intervals along the front-to-back direction on the bottom side of the polishing disc, and a plurality of second grooves are arranged at intervals along the left-to-right direction on the bottom side of the polishing disc, and the plurality of first grooves and the plurality of second grooves are arranged crosswise with each other. The plurality of first grooves and the plurality of second grooves cross at the bottom side of the polishing disc to form a mesh-like groove structure, which can increase the friction when the bottom side of the polishing disc contacts the workpiece, and improve the polishing and smoothing effect of the polishing disc on the workpiece.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the bottom side of the polishing disc is provided with an annular groove and a third groove, the annular groove is arranged in a plurality of arrays spaced apart from the center of the polishing disc, the third groove extends radially along the polishing disc and passes through the plurality of annular grooves, and the third groove is arranged in a plurality of arrays circumferentially with the polishing disc as the center. The annular grooves arranged in a plurality of circumferentially spaced arrays and the plurality of radially arranged third grooves form a spider web-like groove structure, which can also increase the friction when the bottom side of the polishing disc contacts the workpiece, apply force evenly, and improve the polishing and smoothing effect of the polishing disc on the workpiece.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the polishing disc is made of asphalt. The asphalt polishing disc adopts a multi-microporous structure, which can store polishing powder particles, make the polishing rate more uniform, and improve the removal rate. The porous structure can also accommodate large-sized particles or polishing debris, effectively reducing the roughness of the polishing surface and the possibility of scratches during the polishing process, thereby further improving the quality of workpiece polishing.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the top of the main rod is connected with a connecting groove. When the main rod is connected to an external device, the connecting groove can cooperate with the connecting structure of the external device to quickly position and connect the main rod and the external device.

[0015] A polishing device comprises the above-mentioned polishing head.

[0016] This technical solution has at least the following beneficial effects: by installing the above-mentioned polishing head in this polishing device and utilizing the piezoelectric actuator to micro-control the polishing disk, it is possible to quickly and accurately control the movement of the polishing disk, thereby improving the processing efficiency and quality of the polishing head, and for non-rotationally symmetrical workpiece surfaces, the polishing disk can better fit the workpiece surface during the polishing process, and combined with the computer-controlled smooth trajectory and dwell time, the surface shape iteration efficiency is improved, thereby further improving the versatility of the polishing head for processing different workpieces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly describes the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other design solutions and drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a polishing head of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a front view of the polishing head of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the AA cross-section structure.

[0021] In the accompanying drawings: 1-main rod, 11-limiting channel, 12-limiting rod, 13-connecting groove, 2-piezoelectric actuator, 3-polishing disk, 31-first groove, 32-second groove, 41-extension rod, 42-base, 43-edge, 44-connecting screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention in combination with the embodiments and drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by technicians in this field without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, all the connection relationships mentioned in the text do not refer to the direct connection of components, but refer to the fact that a better connection structure can be formed by adding or reducing connecting accessories according to the specific implementation situation. The various technical features in the invention can be combined interchangeably without conflicting with each other.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3A polishing head comprises: a main rod 1, a mounting groove is arranged on the bottom side of which, and the mounting groove extends along the axial direction of the main rod 1; a piezoelectric actuator 2, which is connected in the mounting groove, and the piezoelectric actuator 2 has a movable end which can move up and down, and the movable end is arranged downward; a transmission member, which is connected to the movable end and extends downward from the mounting groove; a polishing disc 3, which is connected to the bottom end of the transmission member.

[0024] In this polishing head, the main rod 1 is used to be installed on the external polishing equipment, so that the entire polishing head can be driven by the external equipment to the workpiece, and the polishing disk 3 is used to abut against the surface of the workpiece to polish the workpiece. During operation, the piezoelectric actuator 2 in the polishing head applies a voltage signal to control the lifting and lowering of the moving end, and the moving end drives the polishing disk 3 to move up and down through the transmission member, so that the downward pressure of the polishing disk 3 is basically the same when passing each point of the workpiece surface to be processed. In this way, the micro-motion control of the polishing disk 3 by the piezoelectric actuator 2 can achieve fast and accurate control of the movement of the polishing disk 3, thereby improving the processing efficiency and quality of the polishing head, and for non-rotationally symmetrical workpiece surfaces, the polishing disk 3 can better fit the workpiece surface during the polishing process, combined with the computer-controlled smooth trajectory and dwell time, the surface shape iteration efficiency is improved, thereby further improving the versatility of the polishing head for processing different workpieces.

[0025] The transmission member is mainly used to connect the polishing disc 3 located outside the main rod 1, transmit power to the mobile end, and thus drive the processing activity of the polishing disc 3 to adjust. It can be a rod-shaped structural member. In this embodiment, the transmission member includes an extension rod 41 and a base 42. The top end of the extension rod 41 is connected to the mobile end, the base 42 is connected to the bottom end of the extension rod 41, and the polishing disc 3 is connected to the bottom surface of the base 42. The extension rod 41 is used to connect to the mobile end and extend out of the main rod 1, so as to output power to the base 42. The base 42 can be used to facilitate the installation of the polishing disc 3, increase the connection area between the polishing disc 3 and the base 42, improve the stability of the installation of the polishing disc 3, and realize the stable output of the power of the piezoelectric actuator 2 located in the main rod 1 to the polishing disc 3.

[0026] Furthermore, a peripheral edge 43 is connected to the outside of the base 42, and the peripheral edge 43 extends around the main rod 1, and the peripheral edge 43 abuts against the outside of the main rod 1. The peripheral edge 43 forms an annular limiting structure on the outside of the main rod 1, which can limit the up and down movement of the base 42 relative to the main rod 1, effectively reducing the horizontal deviation of the base 42 relative to the main rod 1, thereby further improving the stability of the processing quality of the polishing disc 3.

[0027] In order to better limit the displacement of the extension rod 41 during movement, in this embodiment, a limiting channel 11 is provided on the outer side of the main rod 1, the limiting channel 11 penetrates the main rod 1 in the radial direction of the main rod 1, the limiting channel 11 extends in the up-down direction, a limiting rod 12 is inserted in the limiting channel 11, and the limiting rod 12 penetrates the extension rod 41 in the radial direction of the extension rod 41. By passing the limiting rod 12 through the extension rod 41, the two ends of the limiting rod 12 are respectively inserted into the two ends of the limiting channel 11 for limiting, which can effectively prevent the extension rod 41 from being driven to produce horizontal deflection, and the limiting rod 12 can move up and down in the limiting channel 11 as the extension rod 41 moves up and down, further improving the stability of the movement of the polishing disc 3.

[0028] The extension rod 41 and the base 42 may be an integrally formed structure, or the two may be a detachable connection structure. Specifically, a receiving groove is provided on the bottom side of the base 42, and a connecting screw 44 is inserted into the receiving groove, and the connecting screw 44 is connected to the bottom end of the extension rod 41. The base 42 and the extension rod 41 are detachable structures. When the two are assembled, the connecting screw 44 is inserted into the receiving groove on the bottom side of the base 42 and connected to the extension rod 41, so that the extension rod 41 and the base 42 are connected to each other, and the receiving groove is used to store the head of the connecting screw 44, so that the overall connection structure is more compact, and it is convenient for the subsequent maintenance or replacement of the polishing disc 3.

[0029] By increasing the friction of the polishing disc 3, the polishing effect of the polishing disc 3 can be improved. In the first embodiment, the bottom side of the polishing disc 3 is provided with a plurality of first grooves 31 at intervals along the front-back direction, and the bottom side of the polishing disc 3 is provided with a plurality of second grooves 32 at intervals along the left-right direction, and the plurality of first grooves 31 and the plurality of second grooves 32 are arranged crosswise. The plurality of first grooves 31 and the plurality of second grooves 32 crosswise on the bottom side of the polishing disc 3 to form a mesh groove structure, which can increase the friction when the bottom side of the polishing disc 3 contacts the workpiece, and improve the polishing and smoothing effect of the polishing disc 3 on the workpiece.

[0030] In the second embodiment, the bottom side of the polishing disc 3 is provided with an annular groove and a third groove, the annular groove is arranged in a plurality of arrays spaced apart from the center of the polishing disc 3, the third groove extends in the radial direction of the polishing disc 3 and passes through the plurality of annular grooves, and the third groove is arranged in a plurality of arrays circumferentially with the polishing disc 3 as the center. The annular grooves arranged in a plurality of circumferentially spaced arrays and the plurality of radially arranged third grooves form a spider web-like groove structure, which can also increase the friction when the bottom side of the polishing disc 3 contacts the workpiece, apply force evenly, and improve the polishing and smoothing effect of the polishing disc 3 on the workpiece.

[0031] In some embodiments, the polishing disc 3 is made of asphalt. The asphalt polishing disc 3 adopts a multi-microporous structure, which can store polishing powder particles, make the polishing rate more uniform, and improve the removal rate. The porous structure can also accommodate large-size particles or polishing debris, effectively reducing the roughness of the polishing surface and reducing the possibility of scratches during the polishing process, thereby further improving the quality of the workpiece polishing.

[0032] In some embodiments, the top of the main rod 1 is connected with a connection groove 13. When the main rod 1 is connected to an external device, the connection groove 13 can be used to cooperate with the connection structure of the external device, so as to quickly position and connect the main rod 1 with the structure of the external device.

[0033] A polishing device comprises the above-mentioned polishing head.

[0034] The above-mentioned polishing head is installed in this polishing device, and the piezoelectric actuator 2 is used to micro-control the polishing disk 3, so that the movement of the polishing disk 3 can be quickly and accurately controlled, thereby improving the processing efficiency and quality of the polishing head. In addition, for non-rotationally symmetrical workpiece surfaces, the polishing disk 3 can better fit the workpiece surface during the polishing process. Combined with the computer-controlled smooth trajectory and dwell time, the surface shape iteration efficiency is improved, thereby further improving the versatility of the polishing head for processing different workpieces.

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are specifically described above, but the invention is not limited to the embodiments. Those skilled in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the invention. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A polishing head, characterized in that: include: A main rod (1), the bottom side of which is provided with a mounting groove, the mounting groove extending along the axial direction of the main rod (1); A piezoelectric actuator (2) connected to the mounting groove, the piezoelectric actuator (2) having a movable end that can move up and down, the movable end being arranged downward; A transmission member connected to the moving end and extending downwardly out of the mounting slot; A polishing plate (3) is connected to the bottom end of the transmission member.

2. A polishing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission member comprises an extension rod (41) and a base (42), the top end of the extension rod (41) is connected to the moving end, the base (42) is connected to the bottom end of the extension rod (41), and the polishing disc (3) is connected to the bottom surface of the base (42).

3. A polishing head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer side of the base (42) is connected to a peripheral edge (43), the peripheral edge (43) extends around the main rod (1), and the peripheral edge (43) abuts against the outer side of the main rod (1).

4. A polishing head according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting channel (11) is provided on the outer side of the main rod (1), the limiting channel (11) penetrates the main rod (1) in the radial direction of the main rod (1), the limiting channel (11) extends in the up-down direction, a limiting rod (12) is inserted into the limiting channel (11), and the limiting rod (12) passes through the extension rod (41) in the radial direction of the extension rod (41).

5. A polishing head according to claim 2, characterized in that: A storage groove is provided on the bottom side of the base (42), a connecting screw (44) is inserted into the storage groove, and the connecting screw (44) is connected to the bottom end of the extension rod (41).

6. A polishing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first grooves (31) are arranged at intervals on the bottom side of the polishing disc (3) along the front-to-back direction, and a plurality of second grooves (32) are arranged at intervals on the bottom side of the polishing disc (3) along the left-to-right direction, wherein the plurality of first grooves (31) and the plurality of second grooves (32) are arranged crosswise with each other.

7. A polishing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular groove and a third groove are provided on the bottom side of the polishing disc (3); a plurality of the annular grooves are arranged in an array spaced apart from the center of the polishing disc (3); the third grooves extend in a radial direction of the polishing disc (3) and pass through the plurality of the annular grooves; a plurality of the third grooves are arranged in a circular array with the polishing disc (3) as the center.

8. A polishing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing disc (3) is made of asphalt.

9. A polishing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the main rod (1) is connected with a connecting groove (13).

10. A polishing device, characterized in that: Comprising the polishing head according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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