Compound plant essential oil nano microemulsion for long-acting repelling and killing of ticks and preparation method of compound plant essential oil nano microemulsion

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound plant essential oil nano microemulsion for long-acting repelling and killing of ticks and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of antibiotic-substituted veterinary herbal medicines, and the compound plant essential oil nano microemulsion is prepared from the following materials (for preparation of 100g) by weight: 3% of illicium verum essential oil, 3% of chaulmoogratree seed essential oil, 21.6-27% of absolute ethyl alcohol, 21.6-27% of tween-80, and the balance of distilled water. 21.6 g of Tween-80 and 21.6 g of absolute ethyl alcohol are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution, the long-acting compound plant essential oil nano microemulsion for expelling and killing the ticks is in the form of suspended particles of 20-80 nm, the particles are small in particle size, uniform in distribution and good in stability, oil-water separation is avoided after long-time placement, the long-acting compound plant essential oil nano microemulsion can be directly sprayed to the body surfaces of livestock and pets during use, attack of the ticks can be repelled in a long-acting mode, and the long-acting tick expelling and killing effect is achieved. The composition can kill ticks on the body surfaces of animals, has small irritation to the animals, can improve the bioavailability of effective active ingredients of the medicine, does not have the problems of medicine resistance and residue, and is extremely friendly to the ecological environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of antibiotic alternative veterinary medicines, and in particular to a long-acting compound plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for repelling and killing ticks and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ticks are a type of obligate blood-sucking ectoparasite that lives on the surface of animals and is widely distributed throughout the world. Tick bites can cause emaciation, anemia, paralysis, and growth retardation in host animals, and can also spread a variety of zoonotic pathogens, such as piriformis, anaplasma, Brucella, Bunyavirus, and other pathogens. The widespread spread of tick infections not only poses a huge threat to the health of livestock and poultry, but also brings huge economic losses and burdens to the global animal husbandry industry and human public health security.

[0003] At present, tick control relies on a large number of chemical drugs, mainly cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, ivermectin, etc. In some areas, due to the serious harm caused by ticks, farmers often use a variety of chemical drugs in combination, which leads to drug resistance in the insect body and continuous environmental pollution. The long-term use of large amounts of chemical drugs and environmental accumulation will cause irreversible harm to the ecological environment. Therefore, it is not clear whether the current tick control is a green and sustainable way. In order to achieve scientific control of ticks, without drug resistance, drug environmental residues, and side effects on animals, it is urgent to develop a green and environmentally friendly alternative product that can kill ticks for a long time, so as to further alleviate the environmental pollution caused by chemical drugs and the problems of tick resistance. Therefore, a composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for killing ticks for a long time and a preparation method thereof are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the drawbacks of the prior art and the problems raised in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical scheme: a long-term compound plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for repelling and killing ticks and a preparation method thereof, wherein a material composed of the following components in weight percentage is selected (preparing 100g): 3% star anise essential oil, 3% cycas repens essential oil, 21.6% to 27% anhydrous ethanol, 21.6% to 27% Tween-80, the content of the co-surfactant and the surfactant is 1 to 1, and the balance is distilled water.

[0006] Preferably, 21.6 g of Tween-80 and 21.6 g of anhydrous ethanol are mixed evenly to obtain a mixed solution.

[0007] Preferably, 3 g of star anise essential oil and 3 g of cycas repens essential oil are added to the mixed solution obtained in the above steps, and the mixture is stirred at a uniform speed of 1200 r / min. 50.8 g of distilled water is slowly added while stirring, and stirred for 30 minutes to obtain a transparent clear solution.

[0008] Preferably, after completing the above steps, the obtained solution is transferred to a high-speed shearing machine at 26000 r / min and sheared for 30 minutes to obtain a stable nano-microemulsion.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] (1) The long-term tick-killing composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion is in the form of suspended particles of 20 to 80 nm, with a small particle size, uniform distribution, good stability, and no oil-water separation after long-term storage. When used, it can be directly sprayed on the body surface of livestock and pets, which can repel tick attacks for a long time and kill ticks on the animal surface. It has little irritation to animals, can improve the bioavailability of the effective active ingredients of the drug, and will not cause drug resistance and residue problems, and is extremely friendly to the ecological environment.

[0011] (2) Compared with traditional tick repellents, this long-acting plant essential oil nano-microemulsion uses water-in-oil preparation technology, which not only ensures rapid efficacy, effectively improves drug utilization, drug storage and duration of effectiveness, but also reduces drug costs and ensures ecological and environmental safety. It has economic, social and environmental benefits and is an excellent choice for alternative antibiotics and insecticides.

[0012] (3) The long-lasting compound plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for killing ticks has the plant essential oil completely wrapped by a surfactant, and a safe, stable and effective plant essential oil nano-microemulsion can be obtained. The obtained product can have a toxic and repellent effect on ticks, and can effectively prolong the effective period of the plant essential oil nano-microemulsion.

[0013] (4) The long-acting plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for killing ticks has a layer of water molecules on the surface of the drug, which prevents the drug from being directly exposed to the environment, and will not have an impact on the environment or be toxic to non-target organisms.

[0014] (5) The long-lasting compound plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for repelling and killing ticks and its preparation method, the plant essential oil can be completely wrapped by the surfactant, so as to obtain a safe, stable and effective plant essential oil nano-microemulsion, the obtained product can have a toxic and repellent effect on ticks, and effectively prolong the effective period of the plant essential oil nano-microemulsion, the preparation process greatly shortens the preparation production time, improves the production efficiency, but the physical properties and quality of the preparation remain unchanged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the repellency rate change curve after medication of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 The data are for the therapeutic effect of essential oils on sheep infested with high density of ticks. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present invention, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a long-term compound plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for killing ticks and a preparation method thereof. Based on the needs of the frontline of breeding, the inventor screened and evaluated the effects of various insect-resistant plant extracts, screened effective drugs for formulation, and conducted preparation research to obtain a compound essential oil microemulsion preparation with ideal effects, as follows:

[0020] Embodiment 1

[0021] The nanoemulsion of this embodiment is composed of the following components in weight percentage: 3% star anise essential oil, 3% cycas revoluta essential oil, 21.6% anhydrous ethanol, 21.6% Tween-80, and 50.2% distilled water.

[0022] The preparation method of the composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for long-term tick repelling and killing comprises the following steps:

[0023] ①, mix Tween-80 and anhydrous ethanol evenly to obtain a mixture;

[0024] ②, add star anise essential oil and cycas dahurica essential oil to the mixture obtained in step ① at the same time, mix well, add distilled water while stirring until a uniform and transparent system is formed, and then stir at 1200r / min for 12h.

[0025] Furthermore, after the above steps, the plant essential oil can be completely wrapped by the surfactant, thereby obtaining a safe, stable and effective plant essential oil nano-microemulsion. The product obtained in this step can have a toxic and repellent effect on ticks, and can effectively prolong the effective period of the plant essential oil nano-microemulsion.

[0026] Embodiment 2

[0027] The nanoemulsion of this embodiment is composed of the following components in weight percentage: 3% star anise essential oil, 3% cycas revoluta essential oil, 21.6% anhydrous ethanol, 21.6% Tween-80, and 50.2% distilled water.

[0028] The preparation method of the composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for long-term tick repelling and killing comprises the following steps:

[0029] ①, mix Tween-80 and anhydrous ethanol evenly to obtain a mixture;

[0030] ②, add star anise essential oil and cycas fasciata essential oil to the mixture obtained in step ① at the same time and mix well, then add distilled water while stirring until a uniform and transparent system is formed, and stir at 1200 r / min for 30 min to form a transparent liquid.

[0031] ③ Transfer the transparent liquid obtained in step ② to a high-speed shearing machine and stir at 26000r / min for 30min.

[0032] Furthermore, after the above steps, the plant essential oil can be completely wrapped by the surfactant, thereby obtaining a safe, stable and effective plant essential oil nano-microemulsion, and the product obtained in this step can have a toxic and repellent effect on ticks, and effectively prolong the effective period of the plant essential oil nano-microemulsion. This preparation process greatly shortens the preparation production time and improves the production efficiency, but the physical properties and quality of the preparation remain unchanged.

[0033] Furthermore, we conducted an effect detection test

[0034] Effect detection test example 1 (repellent test), the application example of this preparation is to detect the repellent activity of the compound essential oil nanoemulsion obtained in Example 2 on ticks. The test method is as follows:

[0035] Experimental subjects: 25 naturally tick-infected grazing goats were divided into 5 groups, 5 in each group;

[0036] Blank (water) group: spray 30mL to 40mL of tap water on each mouse;

[0037] Star anise essential oil microemulsion group: spray 30mL to 40mL of the drug on each mouse;

[0038] Fructus sylvestris essential oil microemulsion group: spray 30mL to 40mL of the drug on each mouse;

[0039] Compound essential oil nano-microemulsion group: spray 30mL to 40mL of the drug on each mouse;

[0040] Positive drug group (15% DEET): spray 30mL to 40mL of drug on each mouse;

[0041] Medication: Make sure the drug is fully soaked, rub the sprayed area after spraying to increase the drug adhesion time;

[0042] Frequency of use: Once every five days, two doses of medication;

[0043] Grazing: Before the experiment, ticks were removed from the test sheep. After the test sheep were grouped and marked, all the sheep were mixed and grazed in the same group and at the same location. The number of hard ticks on the sheep was recorded every day after grazing, and compared with the control group, and the repellency rate was calculated. After recording, the hard ticks on the sheep were removed, and the experiment started on the next day. The repellency rate was calculated based on the obtained data and the average value was taken;

[0044] Counting parts: limbs, armpits, ears, neck, face;

[0045] Repellency rate (PR) = (1-number of hard ticks in the treatment group / number of hard ticks in the control group) 100%;

[0046] Furthermore, the test results: Figure 1 It can be seen that the control effect of the compound essential oil microemulsion on ticks is roughly similar to that of the positive drug (the difference is not significant), and it can effectively repel ticks, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting individual animals.

[0047] Furthermore, compared with experimental positive drugs, this product has the following advantages: ① Effectively reduce drug costs. The price of experimental positive drugs is 5 times the cost of compound plant nano essential oils; ② Low toxicity. When used, there is no pungent smell of control positive drugs, and it will not cause toxic effects on animals; ③ No drug residue. Due to the particularity of traditional Chinese medicine products with multiple components and multiple targets, there is no drug residue after use, and it will not cause ticks to develop drug resistance. It can increase the effective use cycle of drugs and ensure biological safety; ④ Environmentally friendly. When the drug is released into the environment, it will not have toxic side effects on non-target organisms and various animals and plants in the environment, and will not damage the environmental biodiversity.

[0048] Effect detection test example 2 (treatment test), this test example is to detect the repellent and killing activity of the compound essential oil nanoemulsion obtained in Example 2 on ticks. The test method is as follows:

[0049] The animals were divided into 5 groups: (1) blank (water) control group (3 mice);

[0050] (2) Positive (15% DEET) control group (3 animals),

[0051] (3) Star anise essential oil microemulsion (3 pieces),

[0052] (4) Psoralea corylifolia essential oil microemulsion (3 pieces),

[0053] (55) Essential oil microemulsion in the compound group (3).

[0054] This experiment selected sheep with extremely high ear tick infection for treatment. The ear ticks were counted before the experiment, and then the medicine was used. The ear ticks were counted again 24 hours later. The medicine was used twice in succession, 5 to 7 mL each time. The reduction in the number of ear ticks in the test sheep was calculated to evaluate the treatment effect.

[0055] Treatment rate = (1-number of hard ticks after medication / number of hard ticks before medication) 100%, please refer to Table 1 for details.

[0056] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that when grazing sheep are infected with a large number of ticks, spraying the compound essential oil microemulsion can effectively repel and kill ticks, and the repelling and killing effect can reach more than 90%.

[0057] Furthermore, compared with traditional tick repellents, this product utilizes water-in-oil preparation technology, which not only ensures rapid efficacy, effectively improves drug utilization and drug storage and duration of effectiveness, but also reduces drug costs and ensures ecological environmental safety. It combines economic, social, and environmental benefits, and is an excellent choice for current alternative insecticides.

[0058] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A long-term tick-killing composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion and a preparation method thereof, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Select the composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion material for standby use; S2: Use a stirring device to mix and stir related materials; S3: Perform secondary filling mixing and stirring on the material ingredients; S4: Put all the mixed and stirred related material liquids into the high-speed shearing machine for stirring; S5: After mixing and standing, a composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion is obtained.

2. The long-acting composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for killing ticks according to claim 1 and its preparation method, characterized in that: The composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion material based on S1 and its weight percentage components are: 3% star anise essential oil, 3% cycas repens essential oil, 21.6%-27% co-surfactant, 21.6%-27% surfactant, the content of co-surfactant and surfactant is 1:1, and the balance is distilled water.

3. The long-acting composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for killing ticks according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the S2, 21.6% of the surfactant and 21.6% of the co-surfactant are mixed uniformly.

4. The long-acting composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for killing ticks according to claim 3 and its preparation method, characterized in that: Based on S3, 3% star anise essential oil and 3% cycas scoparia essential oil are added to the obtained mixture at the same time, and a stirring and mixing operation is performed at a uniform speed. The speed of the stirring device is 1200 r / min, and 50.8% distilled water is added while stirring.

5. The long-acting composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for killing ticks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mixed transparent liquid obtained in S4 and S5 is added into a high-speed shearing machine to obtain a uniform and stable nano-microemulsion.

6. The long-acting composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for killing ticks according to claim 3 and its preparation method, characterized in that: The surfactant is Tween-80, and the co-surfactant is anhydrous ethanol.

7. The long-acting composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for killing ticks according to claim 5, characterized in that: The compound plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for repelling and killing ticks obtained in S5 has its own suspended particles of 20 to 80 nm, small particle size, uniform distribution, good stability, and no oil-water separation phenomenon when placed for a long time.

8. The long-acting composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for killing ticks according to claim 4 and its preparation method, characterized in that: Star anise essential oil and cycas revoluta essential oil are added to the mixture at the same time and the mixing time ranges from 30 minutes to 12 hours.

9. The long-acting composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for killing ticks according to claim 5, characterized in that: The high-speed shearing machine was kept stirring at a speed of 26000 r / min for 30 min.

10. The long-acting composite plant essential oil nano-microemulsion for killing ticks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The star anise essential oil comes from star anise which is both a medicine and a food, and is non-toxic and harmless. The cyperus rotundus essential oil comes from the traditional Chinese medicine cyperus rotundus, which has the effects of dispelling wind and dampness, attacking toxins and killing insects when applied externally.

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