Marine electronic tag and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a marine electronic tag and a using method thereof, and relates to the technical field of marine monitoring, and the marine electronic tag comprises a friction nanometer generator and / or a piezoelectric nanometer generator, an energy management unit, an information acquisition and processing unit, a flexible sensor, a signal transmitting unit and a flexible packaging layer. The friction nano-generator and / or the piezoelectric nano-generator are / is provided with a flexible substrate layer; the energy management unit is arranged on the flexible substrate layer; the electric energy collection module is used for collecting and distributing electric energy generated by the friction nano-generator and / or the piezoelectric nano-generator; the information acquisition and processing unit is arranged on the flexible substrate layer; the signal transmitting unit is arranged on the flexible substrate layer; the friction nanometer generator and / or the piezoelectric nanometer generator, the energy management unit, the information collecting and processing unit, the signal transmitting unit and the flexible sensor are coated with the flexible packaging layer. According to the invention, interference on movement and health of marine animals can be avoided, and long-term service of equipment can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ocean monitoring technology, and in particular to an ocean electronic tag and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] Marine wearable devices are an important means of conducting marine environmental monitoring and marine biological research. However, the marine wearable devices currently developed are mainly aimed at large animals (such as dolphins, sharks, turtles, etc.). The devices are relatively hard and bulky, and have poor adaptability to the soft surface stress of the animals' skin, which can easily interfere with the movement and health of marine animals. In addition, most marine wearable devices are powered by lithium batteries, and their service life is limited by the battery capacity, making it difficult to achieve long-term continuous marine monitoring, and there is a risk of environmental pollution. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a marine electronic tag and a method of using the same, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, avoid interference with the movement and health of marine animals, and realize long-term service of the equipment.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a marine electronic tag, comprising:

[0006] A triboelectric nanogenerator and / or a piezoelectric nanogenerator having a flexible substrate layer;

[0007] An energy management unit, disposed on the flexible substrate layer, for collecting and distributing the electrical energy generated by the friction nanogenerator and / or the piezoelectric nanogenerator;

[0008] An information collection and processing unit is disposed on the flexible base layer;

[0009] A flexible sensor is disposed on the flexible base layer;

[0010] A signal transmitting unit is arranged on the flexible base layer;

[0011] The flexible packaging layer is coated on the friction nanogenerator and / or the piezoelectric nanogenerator, the energy management unit, the information collection and processing unit, the signal transmission unit and the flexible sensor.

[0012] Preferably, it comprises a friction nanogenerator and a piezoelectric nanogenerator; the friction nanogenerator and the piezoelectric nanogenerator share a common flexible substrate layer.

[0013] Preferably, the friction nanogenerator and the piezoelectric nanogenerator are respectively arranged on the front and back sides of the flexible substrate layer.

[0014] Preferably, the flexible sensor is provided in plurality, including at least a temperature sensor, a stress sensor, a conductivity sensor and a depth sensor.

[0015] Preferably, the signal transmitting unit is a PZT piezoelectric acoustic transmitter.

[0016] Preferably, the friction nanogenerator comprises a first support layer, a first electrode layer, a first friction layer, a spacer layer, a second friction layer, a second electrode layer and the flexible substrate layer stacked in sequence;

[0017] The piezoelectric nanogenerator comprises the flexible substrate layer, the third electrode layer, the first silver electrode layer, the PVDF film layer, the second silver electrode layer, the fourth electrode layer and the second support layer which are stacked in sequence.

[0018] Preferably, the energy management unit stores the collected energy in a storage capacitor and releases the energy on demand through logic control. When the voltage of the storage capacitor reaches a high preset voltage, the energy management unit releases electrical energy to power the system; when the voltage of the storage capacitor drops to a low preset voltage, the energy management unit cuts off the release of electrical energy until the storage capacitor is charged to the high preset voltage.

[0019] Preferably, the marine electronic tag is used to be attached to the tail of a fish.

[0020] Preferably, the flexible sensor is manufactured using a micro-electromechanical machining process.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for using the marine electronic tag, which includes sticking the marine electronic tag on the tail of a fish.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention uses friction nanogenerators and / or piezoelectric nanogenerators to generate electricity, which can effectively collect energy from fish movement and realize self-powered operation of marine electronic skin.

[0024] 2. The present invention can adapt to the changes in the body shape of marine animals due to movement and growth within a certain limit.

[0025] 3. The present invention adopts a miniaturized and flexible design and can be attached to the surface of the fish body in an adaptive manner, thereby reducing the burden on the fish body.

[0026] 4. The present invention adopts acoustic telemetry technology to achieve long-distance underwater wireless communication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a marine electronic tag provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 An exploded diagram of the structure of the flexible TENG-PENG composite nanogenerator and the flexible packaging layer in the marine electronic tag provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flexible sensor array;

[0031] Figure 4 A system block diagram of a marine electronic tag provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sound transmitter;

[0033] In the figure: 1-flexible encapsulation layer; 2-flexible TENG-PENG composite nanogenerator; 3-flexible sensor array; 4-integrated circuit of energy management unit and information acquisition processing unit; 5-acoustic emitter; 201-first support layer; 202-first electrode layer; 203-first friction layer; 204-spacer layer; 205-second friction layer; 206-second electrode layer; 207-flexible substrate layer; 208-third electrode layer; 209-first silver electrode layer; 210-PVDF film layer; 211-second silver electrode layer; 212-fourth electrode layer; 213-second support layer. 301-temperature sensor; 302-stress sensor; 303-conductivity sensor; 304-depth sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] A continuous energy supply is essential for the long-term monitoring of marine electronic tags. Currently, wearable electronic devices for marine organisms are bulky and have limited battery capacity, which makes it difficult to effectively supply energy for a long time. This seriously affects the service life and widespread deployment of electronic devices, and increases the economic cost of marine environmental monitoring and biological research. Friction nanogenerators and piezoelectric nanogenerators can effectively convert various tiny mechanical energies in the environment into electrical energy, making them ideal for building self-powered systems. Considering the application scenarios of marine wearable devices, using energy harvesting technology to convert the energy of marine animal movement (such as fish tail swinging) into electrical energy to drive sensors will be a feasible energy supply solution.

[0037] Combine the following Figures 1 to 5 , describing an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] The present invention provides a marine electronic tag, comprising: a friction nanogenerator and / or a piezoelectric nanogenerator, an energy management unit, an information collection and processing unit, a flexible sensor, a signal transmitting unit and a flexible packaging layer 1. The friction nanogenerator and / or the piezoelectric nanogenerator has a flexible substrate layer 207; the energy management unit is arranged on the flexible substrate layer 207; the energy management unit is used to collect and distribute the electric energy generated by the friction nanogenerator and / or the piezoelectric nanogenerator; the information collection and processing unit is arranged on the flexible substrate layer 207; the flexible sensor is arranged on the flexible substrate layer 207; the signal transmitting unit is arranged on the flexible substrate layer 207; and the flexible packaging layer 1 is coated on the friction nanogenerator and / or the piezoelectric nanogenerator, the energy management unit, the information collection and processing unit, the signal transmitting unit and the flexible sensor.

[0039] When in use, the prepared marine electronic tag is attached to the skin of the fish, especially the tail. The friction nanogenerator and / or piezoelectric nanogenerator can effectively collect the energy of the fish's movement to achieve self-powered operation of the marine electronic skin. This embodiment adopts a flexible design and can be conformably attached to the surface of the fish to reduce the burden on the fish.

[0040] The marine electronic tag provided by the present invention is a lightweight independent wireless multi-sensor device. By integrating sensors with different functions into flexible materials, it can be attached to the surface of marine animal skin in a conformable manner, reducing the invasiveness and burden on marine animals, and realizing highly sensitive monitoring of different marine environmental parameters. At the same time, it can also adapt to the changes in the body shape of marine animals due to movement and growth within a certain limit. By using flexible electronic technology to integrate multiple sensors on demand and develop multifunctional marine animal electronic skin, marine environmental monitoring can be customized, miniaturized, and standardized. Marine electronic tags are of great significance for realizing long-term marine environmental monitoring.

[0041] In some embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention include a friction nanogenerator and a piezoelectric nanogenerator to form a flexible TENG-PENG composite nanogenerator 2; the friction nanogenerator and the piezoelectric nanogenerator share a flexible substrate layer 207. Specifically, the friction nanogenerator and the piezoelectric nanogenerator are respectively arranged on the front and back of the flexible substrate layer 207.

[0042] In this embodiment, two types of generators are used simultaneously to generate electricity to improve the efficiency and stability of power generation. In addition, in some examples, a friction nanogenerator or a piezoelectric nanogenerator can be set on both the front and back sides of the flexible substrate layer 207, that is, in these examples, the product includes two piezoelectric nanogenerators or two friction nanogenerators.

[0043] More specifically, the friction nanogenerator includes a first support layer 201, a first electrode layer 202, a first friction layer 203, a spacer layer 204, a second friction layer 205, a second electrode layer 206 and a flexible substrate layer 207 which are stacked in sequence;

[0044] The first friction layer 203 and the second friction layer 205 are made of two different materials (such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and nylon). When the two different materials come into contact and separate, due to the different electron affinities between them, electrons are transferred, causing the two materials to carry positive and negative charges respectively. The charges accumulate on the electrodes, forming a potential difference, thereby generating current. In some examples, the first friction layer 203 and the second friction layer 205 can also be other polymer materials. The metal required for the friction layer of the friction nanogenerator can be a copper film or other metal materials other than copper film.

[0045] The piezoelectric nanogenerator comprises a sequentially stacked flexible substrate layer 207, a third electrode layer 208, a first silver electrode layer 209, a PVDF film layer 210, a second silver electrode layer 211, a fourth electrode layer 212 and a second support layer 213. The PVDF film layer 210 is a polyvinylidene fluoride film.

[0046] When external force acts on the PVDF film layer 210, the crystal structure inside the PVDF film layer 210 changes, resulting in the separation of positive and negative charge centers, thereby accumulating positive and negative charges on its two end surfaces, respectively. These charges can be collected by an external circuit and converted into electrical energy.

[0047] The friction nanogenerator and the piezoelectric nanogenerator are stacked together and share a base layer. The AC output generated by the friction nanogenerator and the piezoelectric nanogenerator is converted into a DC output through two low-loss full-wave rectifier bridges and then output in parallel. In some examples, the piezoelectric material layer of the piezoelectric nanogenerator can also be other piezoelectric materials, such as PZT, etc. PZT is a lead zirconate titanate film.

[0048] In some embodiments, a plurality of flexible sensors are provided, including at least a temperature sensor 301 , a stress sensor 302 , a conductivity sensor 303 , and a depth sensor 304 , to form a flexible sensor array 3 .

[0049] Specifically, the temperature sensor 301 and the stress sensor 302 use platinum (Pt) as a sensing material and detect temperature and strain by measuring the resistance change thereof.

[0050] The conductivity sensor 303 adopts an interdigitated electrode structure and can monitor the change of liquid conductivity caused by different salinity levels by measuring the change of resistance value between electrodes.

[0051] The depth sensor 304 is implemented by a conventional sandwich design capacitive sensor, where the application of external pressure changes the distance between the plates, causing a corresponding change in the capacitance value.

[0052] The above-mentioned multiple sensor arrays are arranged and prepared by microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) processing, with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) having excellent mechanical strength and flexibility being used as a substrate and packaging material.

[0053] The sensor array in the present invention has a substrate itself, which is PDMS. The substrate of the sensor array is fixedly arranged on the flexible substrate layer 207 and then packaged by the flexible packaging layer 1, which is PDMS.

[0054] In some embodiments, the signal transmitting unit is a PZT piezoelectric acoustic transmitter. In some examples, the PZT piezoelectric acoustic transmitter uses an eccentric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectric ceramic tube, the PZT piezoelectric ceramic tube has an outer diameter of 2.54 mm, an inner diameter of 1.8 mm, a length of 1.75 mm, an inner center offset of 0.15 mm, and can generate a 416.7 kHz signal, and the underwater signal transmission distance can reach 400 m.

[0055] The embodiment of the present invention adopts acoustic telemetry technology to achieve long-distance underwater wireless communication.

[0056] In some embodiments, the energy management unit stores the collected energy in a storage capacitor and releases the energy on demand through logic control. When the voltage of the storage capacitor reaches a high preset voltage, the energy management unit releases electrical energy to power the system; when the voltage of the storage capacitor drops to a low preset voltage, the energy management unit cuts off the release of electrical energy until the storage capacitor is charged to the high preset voltage.

[0057] The core of the information acquisition and processing unit is a microcontroller unit (MCU) with a strong peripheral function set. The sensor signals are collected and processed through customized circuits and analog front ends. Data transmission is achieved using a reasonably designed PZT piezoelectric acoustic transmitter and a customized drive circuit for long-range underwater wireless communication.

[0058] In some embodiments, the marine electronic tag is used to be attached to the tail of the fish. In some examples, the marine electronic tag is attached to the tail of the fish using biological glue. The biological glue model can be 1469SB, Vetbond Tissue Adhesive, 3M.

[0059] The present invention also provides a method for using the marine electronic tag, which includes sticking the marine electronic tag to the tail of a fish so that one side of the marine electronic tag is in close contact with the skin of the fish.

[0060] This embodiment has all the advantages of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0061] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine electronic tag, characterized in that: include: A triboelectric nanogenerator and / or a piezoelectric nanogenerator having a flexible substrate layer; An energy management unit is disposed on the flexible substrate layer; Used to collect and distribute the electrical energy generated by the friction nanogenerator and / or the piezoelectric nanogenerator; An information collection and processing unit is disposed on the flexible base layer; A flexible sensor is disposed on the flexible base layer; A signal transmitting unit is arranged on the flexible base layer; The flexible packaging layer is coated on the friction nanogenerator and / or the piezoelectric nanogenerator, the energy management unit, the information collection and processing unit, the signal transmission unit and the flexible sensor.

2. The marine electronic tag according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a friction nanogenerator and a piezoelectric nanogenerator; the friction nanogenerator and the piezoelectric nanogenerator share a flexible substrate layer.

3. The marine electronic tag according to claim 2, characterized in that: The friction nanogenerator and the piezoelectric nanogenerator are respectively arranged on the front side and the back side of the flexible substrate layer.

4. The marine electronic tag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible sensors are provided in plurality, including at least a temperature sensor, a stress sensor, a conductivity sensor and a depth sensor.

5. The marine electronic tag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal transmitting unit is a PZT piezoelectric acoustic transmitter.

6. The marine electronic tag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction nanogenerator comprises a first support layer, a first electrode layer, a first friction layer, a spacer layer, a second friction layer, a second electrode layer and the flexible substrate layer stacked in sequence; The piezoelectric nanogenerator comprises the flexible substrate layer, the third electrode layer, the first silver electrode layer, the PVDF film layer, the second silver electrode layer, the fourth electrode layer and the second support layer which are stacked in sequence.

7. The marine electronic tag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy management unit stores the collected energy in a storage capacitor and releases the energy on demand through logic control. When the voltage of the storage capacitor reaches a high preset voltage, the energy management unit releases electrical energy to power the system; when the voltage of the storage capacitor drops to a low preset voltage, the energy management unit cuts off the release of electrical energy until the storage capacitor is charged to the high preset voltage.

8. The marine electronic tag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The marine electronic tag is used to be attached to the tail of a fish.

9. The marine electronic tag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible sensor is manufactured by using a micro-electromechanical machining process.

10. A method for using a marine electronic tag, characterized in that: The marine electronic tag is pasted on the tail of the fish.

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