Charging protection circuit of lithium battery management system and lithium battery management system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a charging protection circuit of a lithium battery management system and the lithium battery management system, and solves the problem that in the prior art, a battery protection board usually performs charging protection based on fixed voltage setting, which may cause overcharging of a lithium battery with reduced full charge voltage. The invention discloses a charging protection circuit of a lithium battery management system and the lithium battery management system. The charging protection circuit comprises an integrated circuit, an oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, a resistor, a capacitor and a fuse, by monitoring the voltage of the battery in real time and rapidly cutting off the charging or discharging loop when the voltage exceeds the preset safety range, the battery is effectively prevented from being damaged due to over-charging or over-discharging, even serious safety accidents such as fire, explosion and the like, the system can monitor the current and the temperature in real time, and the safety of the battery is ensured once abnormality is detected. And measures are immediately taken to limit current or reduce temperature, so that the battery is prevented from being damaged due to overheating or overlarge current, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, and in particular to a charging protection circuit of a lithium battery management system and a lithium battery management system. Background Art

[0002] The lithium battery management system is a comprehensive system designed specifically for lithium batteries. It aims to monitor and manage the operating status of lithium batteries and ensure the safe, stable and efficient operation of the battery system. The lithium battery management system integrates sophisticated electronic components such as sensors, controllers and complex algorithms to achieve accurate monitoring and intelligent control of batteries. It usually includes two parts: hardware and software. The hardware part is mainly composed of sensors, controllers and interfaces connected to the battery pack, which are used to collect various data of the battery in real time. The software part is responsible for data processing, algorithm operation and decision control. Through the analysis and processing of data, the battery system can be optimized. The charging protection circuit refers to a circuit designed in the circuit system to protect the battery for automatic charging, discharging, protection and other functions. It is mainly composed of battery management IC, MOS circuit, fuse, temperature sensor and other parts, aiming to avoid adverse conditions such as overcharging, over-discharging, over-current, over-temperature, etc. during the charging process, thereby improving the safety of charging equipment. The charging protection circuit monitors key parameters such as battery voltage, current, temperature, etc. When these parameters exceed the preset safety range, the circuit will automatically take measures such as cutting off the charging current, reducing the charging voltage or issuing an alarm to prevent battery damage or causing safety accidents.

[0003] In the prior art, the output voltage difference of lithium batteries when fully charged and fully discharged may exceed 30%. The protection circuit needs to work stably under such a large voltage variation range, which poses a huge challenge to circuit design. With the popularization of power lithium batteries, the output voltage of batteries and battery packs is getting higher and higher. The protection circuit must fully consider its voltage resistance characteristics. Current protection usually samples current through sampling resistors and converts it into voltage signals. Sampling resistors will produce non-negligible power loss in high-power and high-current application scenarios. During the charging process, power spikes may accelerate circuit aging or directly break down the previous circuit, posing a serious threat to the safety of lithium batteries. The health of lithium batteries will gradually decrease with the increase of usage time, and its full-charge voltage will also decrease accordingly. However, the existing battery protection board usually performs charging protection based on a fixed voltage setting, which may lead to overcharging of lithium batteries with reduced full-charge voltage, increasing the risk of fire and explosion, which is extremely inconvenient. Therefore, a charging protection circuit and a lithium battery management system of a lithium battery management system are urgently needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a charging protection circuit and a lithium battery management system for a lithium battery management system, which solves the problem in the prior art that the battery protection board usually performs charging protection based on a fixed voltage setting, which may lead to overcharging of lithium batteries with reduced full-charge voltage, increasing the risk of fire and explosion.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A charging protection circuit of a lithium battery management system and a lithium battery management system, comprising an integrated circuit, a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, a resistor, a capacitor, and a fuse. The protection IC monitors the state of the battery in real time through a built-in voltage, current and temperature detection circuit. When the protection IC detects that the battery parameters are abnormal, it sends a signal to the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor to turn it off, thereby cutting off the charging current. Conversely, when the battery parameters are normal, the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor remains in an on state, allowing the charging current to pass. The resistor and the capacitor are used in combination to filter out high-frequency noise in the charging current, limit the size of the charging current, and provide the protection IC with a necessary delay function. When the current in the charging circuit exceeds the rated current of the fuse, the fuse will quickly blow, thereby cutting off the charging current.

[0007] Preferably, it includes initialization, status monitoring, charging control, implementation of protection strategy, data recording and analysis, communication and remote monitoring. When the system starts, it first performs initialization operations, including detecting the battery connection status and reading battery parameters. The system monitors the battery voltage, current, temperature and charging status in real time. According to the current status of the battery and user needs, the system controls the output current and voltage of the charger. When the system detects abnormal battery parameters, such as overcharging, over-discharging, overcurrent or overtemperature, it will immediately implement a protection strategy. The system records the battery usage history and charging process data, and analyzes and processes them to optimize the charging strategy and improve the battery life. The system is connected to the remote monitoring device or cloud platform through the communication interface to realize remote transmission and monitoring of data.

[0008] Preferably, the initialization operation is performed by a microcontroller or a dedicated battery management chip, and the results are stored in memory for subsequent use. Through sensors and monitoring equipment connected to the battery, the battery parameters are transmitted in real time to the lithium battery management system for processing and analysis. The system will judge the status of the battery based on these parameters and make corresponding adjustments.

[0009] Preferably, the charging current and voltage are controlled by adjusting the output parameters of the charger and the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal. The system will formulate a suitable charging strategy according to the actual situation of the battery and user needs, and realize precise charging control through the charger. Through the synergistic effect of components such as protection IC and metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, the charging circuit is quickly cut off or the charging parameters are adjusted to protect the battery from damage. At the same time, the system will also notify the user of abnormal battery status through display screen or sound, so that the user can take timely measures to deal with it.

[0010] Preferably, the battery parameters and charging process data are recorded and analyzed through the built-in data storage and processor. The system will optimize the charging strategy based on these data to improve the battery life and performance. At the same time, these data can also be used for fault diagnosis and maintenance purposes.

[0011] Preferably, the battery parameters and charging process data are transmitted in real time to a remote monitoring device or cloud platform through communication interfaces such as CAN, Ethernet, and Wi-Fi. The remote monitoring device or cloud platform can process and analyze these data, and provide users with a visual monitoring interface and alarm function, so as to remotely control the charging process and manage the battery pack through the remote monitoring device or cloud platform.

[0012] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The present invention monitors the voltage of the battery in real time and quickly cuts off the charging or discharging circuit when the voltage exceeds the preset safety range, effectively preventing the battery from being damaged due to overcharging or over-discharging, or even serious safety accidents such as fire and explosion. The system can monitor the current and temperature in real time. Once an abnormality is detected, it immediately takes measures to limit the current or reduce the temperature, thereby avoiding damage to the battery due to overheating or excessive current and extending the service life of the battery. As the last protective barrier, the fuse quickly melts and cuts off the power supply when a serious fault occurs in the circuit, providing additional safety protection for the battery and the entire system. The system intelligently adjusts the output current and voltage of the charger according to the current state of the battery and user needs, adopts the most suitable charging mode, and achieves high The system can charge the battery efficiently and quickly, while avoiding damage to the battery caused by overcharging. The system records the battery usage history and charging process data in detail, and optimizes the charging strategy by analyzing these data, such as adjusting the charging current, voltage and charging time, thereby improving the charging efficiency and service life of the battery. The system can monitor the battery status in real time, and promptly notify the user of battery status information such as power, charging progress, abnormal alarms, etc. through display screens and sounds, so that users can understand the battery status at any time and take timely measures. By connecting to remote monitoring equipment or cloud platforms, users can realize remote monitoring and control of the battery, and can always grasp the battery status wherever they are, and perform necessary operations and management.

[0014] The system uses high-quality electronic components and advanced protection technology to ensure the stability and reliability of the system. Even in harsh working environments, the system can maintain normal operation and provide continuous and stable protection and management for the battery. The system has a fault self-diagnosis function that can automatically detect and identify the type of fault. In some fault situations, the system can also automatically recover, reducing maintenance costs and the need for manual intervention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0016] Embodiment 1

[0017] It includes integrated circuits, metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors, resistors, capacitors, and fuses. The protection IC monitors the status of the battery in real time through built-in voltage, current and temperature detection circuits. When the protection IC detects that the battery parameters are abnormal, it will send a signal to the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor to turn it off, thereby cutting off the charging current. Conversely, when the battery parameters are normal, the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor remains on, allowing the charging current to pass. The resistors and capacitors are used in combination to filter out high-frequency noise in the charging current, limit the size of the charging current, and provide the necessary delay function for the protection IC. When the current in the charging circuit exceeds the rated current of the fuse, the fuse will quickly blow, thereby cutting off the charging current.

[0018] The present invention monitors the voltage of the battery in real time and quickly cuts off the charging or discharging circuit when the voltage exceeds the preset safety range, effectively preventing the battery from being damaged due to overcharging or over-discharging, or even serious safety accidents such as fire and explosion. The system can monitor the current and temperature in real time. Once an abnormality is detected, it immediately takes measures to limit the current or reduce the temperature, thereby avoiding damage to the battery due to overheating or excessive current and extending the service life of the battery. As the last protective barrier, the fuse quickly melts and cuts off the power supply when a serious fault occurs in the circuit, providing additional safety protection for the battery and the entire system. The system intelligently adjusts the output current and voltage of the charger according to the current state of the battery and user needs, adopts the most suitable charging mode, and achieves high The system can charge the battery efficiently and quickly, while avoiding damage to the battery caused by overcharging. The system records the battery usage history and charging process data in detail, and optimizes the charging strategy by analyzing these data, such as adjusting the charging current, voltage and charging time, thereby improving the charging efficiency and service life of the battery. The system can monitor the battery status in real time, and promptly notify the user of battery status information such as power, charging progress, abnormal alarms, etc. through display screens and sounds, so that users can understand the battery status at any time and take timely measures. By connecting to remote monitoring equipment or cloud platforms, users can realize remote monitoring and control of the battery, and can always grasp the battery status wherever they are, and perform necessary operations and management.

[0019] Embodiment 2

[0020] It includes initialization, status monitoring, charging control, implementation of protection strategies, data recording and analysis, communication and remote monitoring. When the system starts, it first performs initialization operations, including detecting the battery connection status and reading battery parameters. The system monitors the battery voltage, current, temperature and charging status in real time. According to the current status of the battery and user needs, the system controls the output current and voltage of the charger. When the system detects abnormal battery parameters, such as overcharging, over-discharging, over-current or over-temperature, it will immediately implement a protection strategy. The system records the battery usage history and charging process data, and analyzes and processes them to optimize the charging strategy and improve the battery life. The system connects to the remote monitoring device or cloud platform through the communication interface to realize remote transmission and monitoring of data.

[0021] Embodiment 3

[0022] The initialization operation is performed by a microcontroller or a dedicated battery management chip, and the results are stored in the memory for subsequent use. Through the sensors and monitoring equipment connected to the battery, the battery parameters are transmitted to the lithium battery management system in real time for processing and analysis. The system will judge the battery status based on these parameters and make corresponding adjustments.

[0023] Embodiment 4

[0024] By adjusting the output parameters of the charger and the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal, the charging current and voltage are controlled. The system will formulate a suitable charging strategy based on the actual situation of the battery and user needs, and achieve precise charging control through the charger. Through the synergy of components such as protection IC and metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, the charging circuit is quickly cut off or the charging parameters are adjusted to protect the battery from damage. At the same time, the system will also notify the user of abnormal battery status through display screen or sound, so that the user can take timely measures to deal with it.

[0025] Embodiment 5

[0026] The battery parameters and charging process data are recorded and analyzed through the built-in data storage and processor. The system will optimize the charging strategy based on this data to improve the battery life and performance. At the same time, this data can also be used for fault diagnosis and maintenance purposes.

[0027] Embodiment 6

[0028] Through CAN, Ethernet, Wi-Fi and other communication interfaces, the battery parameters and charging process data are transmitted in real time to the remote monitoring device or cloud platform, which can process and analyze the data and provide users with a visual monitoring interface and alarm function, so as to remotely control the charging process and manage the battery pack.

[0029] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A charging protection circuit for a lithium battery management system, comprising an integrated circuit, a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, a resistor and a capacitor, and a fuse. The protection IC monitors the state of the battery in real time through a built-in voltage, current and temperature detection circuit. When the protection IC detects that the battery parameters are abnormal, it will send a signal to the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor to turn it off, thereby cutting off the charging current. Conversely, when the battery parameters are normal, the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor remains on, allowing the charging current to pass. The resistor and the capacitor are used in combination to filter out high-frequency noise in the charging current, limit the size of the charging current, and provide the protection IC with a necessary delay function. When the current in the charging circuit exceeds the rated current of the fuse, the fuse will quickly blow, thereby cutting off the charging current.

2. A lithium battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes initialization, status monitoring, charging control, implementation of protection strategies, data recording and analysis, communication and remote monitoring. When the system starts, it first performs initialization operations, including detecting the battery connection status and reading battery parameters. The system monitors the battery voltage, current, temperature and charging status in real time. According to the current status of the battery and user needs, the system controls the output current and voltage of the charger. When the system detects abnormal battery parameters, such as overcharging, over-discharging, over-current or over-temperature, it will immediately implement a protection strategy. The system records the battery usage history and charging process data, and analyzes and processes them to optimize the charging strategy and improve the battery life. The system connects to the remote monitoring device or cloud platform through the communication interface to realize remote transmission and monitoring of data.

3. A lithium battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The initialization operation is performed through a microcontroller or a dedicated battery management chip, and the results are stored in the memory for subsequent use. The battery parameters are transmitted to the lithium battery management system in real time for processing and analysis through sensors and monitoring equipment connected to the battery. The system will judge the status of the battery based on these parameters and make corresponding adjustments.

4. A lithium battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The charging current and voltage are controlled by adjusting the output parameters of the charger and the duty cycle of the pulse width modulation signal. The system will formulate a suitable charging strategy according to the actual situation of the battery and user needs, and realize precise charging control through the charger. Through the synergistic effect of components such as protection IC and metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, the charging circuit is quickly cut off or the charging parameters are adjusted to protect the battery from damage. At the same time, the system will also notify the user of abnormal battery status through display screen or sound, so that the user can take timely measures to deal with it.

5. A lithium battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery parameters and charging process data are recorded and analyzed through the built-in data storage and processor. The system will optimize the charging strategy based on these data to improve the battery life and performance. At the same time, these data can also be used for fault diagnosis and maintenance purposes.

6. A lithium battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery parameters and charging process data are transmitted in real time to a remote monitoring device or cloud platform through communication interfaces such as CAN, Ethernet, and Wi-Fi. The remote monitoring device or cloud platform can process and analyze these data, and provide users with a visual monitoring interface and alarm function, so as to remotely control the charging process and manage the battery pack through the remote monitoring device or cloud platform.