Breeding method and application of rust-resistant brewing and eating dual-purpose wheat variety

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop variety innovation, and particularly relates to a breeding method and application of a rust-resistant brewing and eating dual-purpose wheat variety. The method comprises the following steps: hybridizing a variety with high yield, good rust disease resistance, high grain volume weight, high crude starch content and high wet gluten content as a female parent and a variety with low grain hardness index as a male parent to obtain F1 seeds; planting F1 plants, and performing mixed harvesting in a mature period to obtain F2 seeds; planting F2 single plants, carrying out single plant selection from F2, selecting single plants with good rust disease resistance and low cutin rate, and continuously carrying out generation-adding planting until single plant plots are stable and consistent; screening stable single plant plots with good rust resistance and low cutin rate for mixed harvesting, and performing indoor identification to screen out the rust-resistant brewing and eating dual-purpose wheat variety. The wheat variety bred by the method is good in rust disease and gibberellic disease resistance, high in volume weight and hardness index of less than or equal to 45, and can meet the requirements of eating and white spirit brewing, and the content of protein and wet gluten reaches the standard of medium-strength gluten wheat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop variety innovation, and specifically relates to a method for breeding a rust-resistant wheat variety for both brewing and food use and its application. Background Art

[0002] Wheat is the second largest grain crop in my country, and it plays an important role in people's food consumption and food industry. In recent years, with the development of economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people's requirements for wheat quality have become more and more diversified. On the one hand, industrialization and urbanization have led to an increasing demand for wheat in the food industry, especially the brewing industry, and the requirements for its quality have been continuously improved to meet the saccharification, fermentation and aroma in the brewing process. On the other hand, people have also put forward higher pursuits for the quality of edible wheat. Wheat varieties with good taste and rich nutrition are more favored by consumers. For example, high-gluten wheat is suitable for making pasta such as bread, medium-gluten wheat is suitable for making steamed buns, noodles, etc., and low-gluten wheat can be used for the production of foods such as cakes. However, most of the wheat varieties on the market currently focus on a single purpose, either mainly used for food production or for specific industries such as bread and cakes. There is a lack of wheat varieties that can meet the needs of brewing and are suitable for consumption.

[0003] In addition, wheat is vulnerable to various diseases and pests during the production process. Wheat rust can cause wheat leaves to dry up, plants to die, and grains to become thin and barren, which can reduce production by 5% to 25% or even cause total crop failure in severe cases. Relying on spraying chemical agents to prevent and control rust in production will not only increase planting costs, but also bring about problems such as pesticide residues, environmental pollution, and increased resistance of pathogens. Therefore, breeding and promoting rust-resistant wheat varieties for both brewing and eating is not only the most economical and effective means to prevent and control the epidemic hazards of wheat rust, but also can transform the gap in grain use while ensuring absolute food safety, meet the diversified needs of food processing industries such as the brewing industry, and promote the sustainable development of agricultural production. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for breeding rust-resistant wheat varieties for both brewing and eating and its application. The wheat varieties bred by the method are not only rust-resistant and ergot-resistant, but also have protein and wet gluten contents that meet the standards for medium-strong gluten wheat. Moreover, the wheat varieties have high bulk density and a hardness index of ≤45, and can meet the needs of both eating and brewing liquor.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for breeding rust-resistant wheat varieties for both brewing and edible purposes, comprising the following steps:

[0006] The wheat varieties with yield ≥500kg / mu, rust resistance, grain bulk density ≥790g / L, crude starch content ≥60% and wet gluten content ≥28.5% are used as female parents and the wheat varieties with grain hardness index ≤45 are used as male parents for hybridization, and the F1 seeds are mixed and harvested at maturity;

[0007] Planting F1 individual plants, harvesting them at maturity to obtain F2 seeds, planting F2 individual plants, selecting individual plants from F2, selecting individual plants that are rust-resistant, meet agronomic and yield trait standards, and have a corneum rate of ≤10% in each individual plant separation plot, and continuing to plant in generations until the individual plant plots are stable and consistent; the stable and consistent means that the individual plant plots are stable and consistent in terms of rust resistance, meet agronomic and yield trait standards, and have a corneum rate of ≤10%;

[0008] Collect the seeds of the single-plant plots that are stable and consistent and continue to plant, select the stable single-plant plots that are rust-resistant, meet the agronomic and yield trait standards, and have a corneous rate of ≤10% for mixed harvesting, measure the quality performance of the mixed harvested seeds, and select the stable lines that meet the quality performance measurement indicators;

[0009] Identification and variety comparison tests were carried out on the stable lines to screen out varieties that met the comprehensive agronomic trait standards, were resistant to rust and ergot and had a yield of ≥620kg / mu, thus obtaining the rust-resistant wheat variety for both brewing and eating.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the female parent includes Qianmai No. 2, and the male parent includes Huapei No. 5.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the rust disease includes stripe rust, stem rust and leaf rust.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the stripe rust resistance identification is carried out according to the technical regulation "NY / T 2953-2016"; the leaf rust resistance identification is carried out according to the technical regulation "NY / T 1443.2-2007"; the stem rust resistance identification is carried out according to the technical regulation "NY / T 1443.3-2007".

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the resistance to fusarium wilt is identified in accordance with the technical regulations of "NY / T 2954-2016".

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the agronomic and yield trait standards include: 64 cm ≤ plant height ≤ 80 cm, number of effective ears per plant ≥ 5, ear length ≥ 7 cm, number of fruiting spikelets ≥ 14, number of grains per ear ≥ 30 grains / ear and 200-grain weight ≥ 7 g.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the method for screening individual plants with a corneous rate ≤10% is: after the seeds are harvested at maturity, they are dried and 100 seeds are randomly selected from individual plants, the middle is cut cross-sectionally, and the percentage of the transparent part of the cross section is observed to screen out individual plants with a corneous rate ≤10%.

[0016] As a preferred solution, the quality performance measurement indicators include: grain bulk density ≥790g / L, hardness index ≤45, crude protein content 13%≤≤16%, crude starch content ≥60% and wet gluten content ≥28.5%.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the comprehensive agronomic trait standard includes agronomic trait performance standards, yield and related trait performance standards and quality performance standards.

[0018] As a preferred solution, the agronomic trait performance standards include: seedling habit is semi-creeping, full growth period ≤ 220 days, 64 cm ≤ plant height ≤ 80 cm, plant type is semi-compact, spike type is spindle type, spike length ≥ 9 cm and ≥ 15 strong spikelets;

[0019] As a preferred solution, the yield and related trait performance standards include: effective ear number ≥ 420,000 ears / mu, number of grains per ear ≥ 36 grains / ear, 1,000-grain weight ≥ 45g and yield ≥ 620kg / mu.

[0020] As a preferred solution, the quality performance standards include: grain bulk density ≥800g / L, hardness index ≤43, crude protein content 13%≤≤16%, crude starch content ≥64% and wet gluten content ≥34%.

[0021] The present invention also provides the use of the rust-resistant wheat variety for brewing and eating obtained by the breeding method in brewing and eating.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method for breeding rust-resistant wheat varieties for both brewing and eating. The method uses a variety with high yield, good rust resistance, high grain bulk density, crude starch and wet gluten content as the female parent, and a variety with a low grain hardness index as the male parent for hybridization to obtain F1 seeds; plant F1 plants, and harvest them together at maturity to obtain F2 seeds; plant F2 individual plants, and start individual plant selection from F2, and select individual plants with good rust and ergot resistance and low keratin rate to continue to plant for generations until the individual plant plots are stable and consistent; screen stable individual plant plots with good rust and ergot resistance and low keratin rate for mixed harvesting, and identify and select rust-resistant wheat varieties for both brewing and eating by indoor identification. The wheat varieties bred by the method of the present invention not only have good rust and ergot resistance, and the protein and wet gluten content meet the standards of medium-strong gluten wheat, but also have high bulk density and a hardness index of ≤45, which can take into account the needs of both eating and liquor brewing.

[0023] JD799 bred by the method of the present invention is early-maturing, short-stalked, has a large spikelet type (spindle-shaped), a large number of fruitful spikelets (15.8 fruitful spikelets) and effective spikelets (425,000 effective spikelets / mu), a high number of grains per spike (36.1 grains per spike) and a high thousand-grain weight (45.2 g); has resistance to fusarium head blight, stripe rust, leaf rust and stem rust, a bulk density of 805 g / L, and meets the first-class wheat quality requirements (GB 1351-2008 wheat); low grain hardness index (grain hardness index is 42.2) and high crude starch content (crude starch content is 64.8%). When the grains are crushed, the amount of fine particles and coarse skin is large, which is conducive to the fermentation of Daqu and improving the wine yield; the crude protein content is 14.3% and the wet gluten content is 34.6%, which meet the crude protein and wet gluten content requirements of strong gluten varieties, not only improving the quality of noodles and steamed bread, providing an important source of nutrition for people's consumption, but also promoting the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and the production of various enzymes. At the same time, it is conducive to the production of Maillard reaction in the process of liquor brewing, and promotes the production of fragrant and flavorful substances of liquor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention provides a method for breeding rust-resistant wheat varieties for both brewing and edible purposes, comprising the following steps:

[0025] The wheat varieties with yield ≥500kg / mu, rust resistance, grain bulk density ≥790g / L, crude starch content ≥60% and wet gluten content ≥28.5% are used as female parents and the wheat varieties with grain hardness index ≤45 are used as male parents for hybridization, and the F1 seeds are mixed and harvested at maturity;

[0026] Planting F1 individual plants, harvesting them at maturity to obtain F2 seeds, planting F2 individual plants, selecting individual plants from F2, selecting individual plants that are rust-resistant, meet agronomic and yield trait standards, and have a corneum rate of ≤10% in each individual plant separation plot, and continuing to plant in generations until the individual plant plots are stable and consistent; the stable and consistent means that the individual plant plots are stable and consistent in terms of rust resistance, meet agronomic and yield trait standards, and have a corneum rate of ≤10%;

[0027] Collect the seeds of the single-plant plots that are stable and consistent and continue to plant, select the stable single-plant plots that are rust-resistant, meet the agronomic and yield trait standards, and have a corneous rate of ≤10% for mixed harvesting, measure the quality performance of the mixed harvested seeds, and select the stable lines that meet the quality performance measurement indicators;

[0028] Identification and variety comparison tests were carried out on the stable lines to screen out varieties that met the comprehensive agronomic trait standards, were resistant to rust and ergot and had a yield of ≥620kg / mu, thus obtaining the rust-resistant wheat variety for both brewing and eating.

[0029] As a specific embodiment, the yield of the female parent can be 500kg / mu, 501kg / mu, 502kg / mu, 503kg / mu, 504kg / mu, 505kg / mu, 506kg / mu, 507kg / mu, 508kg / mu, 509kg / mu, 510kg / mu, 511kg / mu, 512kg / mu, 513kg / mu, 514kg / mu, 515kg / mu, 516kg / mu, 517kg / mu, 518kg / mu, 519kg / mu, 520kg / mu, 521kg / mu, 522kg / mu, 523kg / mu, 524kg / mu, 525kg / mu, 526kg / mu, 527kg / mu, 528kg / mu, 529kg / mu, 530kg / mu, 531kg / mu, 532kg / mu, 533kg / mu, 534kg / mu, 535kg / mu, 536kg / mu, 537kg / mu, 538kg / mu, 539kg / mu, 540kg / mu, 541kg / mu, 542kg / mu, 543kg / mu, 544kg / mu, 545kg / mu, 546kg / mu, 547kg / mu, 548kg / mu, 549kg / mu or 550kg / mu; As a specific embodiment, the grain bulk density of the female parent can be 790g / L, 791g / L, 792g / L, 793g / L, 794g / L, 795g / L, 796g / L , 797g / L, 798g / L, 799g / L, 800g / L, 801g / L, 802g / L, 803g / L, 804g / L, 805g / L, 806g / L, 807g / L, 808g / L, 809g / L, 810g / L, 811g / L, 812g / L, 813g / L, 814g / L, 815g / L, 816g / L, 817g / L, 818g / L, 819g / L, 820g / L, 821g / L, 822g / L, 823g / L, 824g / L, 825g / L, 826g / L, 827g / L, 828g / L, 829g / L or 830g / L; As a specific embodiment, The crude starch content of the mother parent can be 60.0%, 60.1%, 60.2%, 60.3%, 60.4%, 60.5%, 60.6%, 60.7%, 60.8%, 60.9%, 61.0%, 61.1%, 61.2%, 61.3%, 61.4%, 61.5%, 61.6%, 61.7%, 61.8%, 61.9%, 62.0%, 62.1%, 62.2%, 62.3%, 62.4%, 62.5%, 62.6%, 62.7%, 62.8%, 62.9%, 63.0%, 63.1%, 63.2%, 63.3%, 63.4%, 63.5%, 63.6%, 63.7%, 63.8%, 63.9%, 64.0%, 64.1%, 64.2%, 64.3%, 64.4%, 64.5%, 64.6%, 64.7%, 64.8%, 64.9%, 65.0%, 65.1%, 65.2%, 65.3%, 65.4%, 65.5%, 65.6%, 65.7%, 65.8%, 65.9%, 66.0%, 66.1%, 66.2%, 66.3%, 66.4%, 66.5%, 66.6%, 66.7%, 66.8%, 66.9%, 67.0%, 67.1%, 67.2%, 67.3%, 67.4%, 67.5%, 67.6%, 67.7%, 67.8%, 67.9%, 68.9%, 64.0%, 64.1%, 64.2%, 64.3%, 64.4%, 64.5%, 64.6%, 64.7%, 64.8%, 64.9%, 65.0%, 65.1%, 65.2%, 65.3%, 65.4%, 65.5%, 65.6%, 65.7%, 65.8%, 65.9%, 66.0%, 66.1%, 66.2%, 66.3%, 66.4%, 66.5%, 66.6%, 66.7%, 66.8%, 66.9% or 67.0%; as a specific implementation The wet gluten content of the mother stock can be 28.5%, 28.6%, 28.7%, 28.8%, 28.9%, 29.0%, 29.1%, 29.2%, 29.3%, 29.4%, 29.5%, 29.6%, 29.7%, 29.8%, 29.9%, 30.0%, 30.1%, 30.2%, 30.3%, 30.4%, 30.5%, 30.6%, 30.7%, 30.8%, 30.9%, 31.0%, 31.1%, 31.2%, 31.3%, 31.4%, 31.6%, 31.7%, 31.8%, 31.9%, 32.0%, 32.1%, 32.2%, 32.3%, 32.4%, 32.5%, 32.6%, 32.7%, 32.8%, 32.9%, 33.0%, 33.1%, 33.2%, 33.3%, 33.4%, 33.5%, 33.6%, 33.7%, 33.8%, 33.9%, 34.1%, 34.2%, 34.4%, 34.5%, 34.6%, 34.7%, 34.8%, 34.9%, 35. 1.5%, 31.6%, 31.7%, 31.8%, 31.9%, 32.0%, 32.1%, 32.2%, 32.3%, 32.4%, 32.5%, 32.6%, 32.7%, 32.8%, 32.9%, 33.0%, 33.1%, 33.2%, 33.3%, 33.4%, 33.5%, 33.6%, 33.7%, 33.8%, 33.9%, 34.0%, 34.1%, 34.2%, 34.3%, 34.4%, 34.5%, 34.6%, 34.7%, 34.8%, 34.9%, 35.0%, 35.1%, 35.2%, 35.3%, 35.4%, 35.5%, 35.6%, 35.7%, 35.8%, 35.9%, 36.0%, 36.1%, 36.2%, 36.3%, 36.4%, 36.5%, 36.6%, 36.7%, 36.8%, 36.9% or 37%; as a specific embodiment, the female parent can be Qianmai 2 (Huang Daojun et al., Breeding and high-yield cultivation technology of new wheat variety Qianmai 2, Jiangsu Agricultural Science, 2011). .

[0030] As a specific embodiment, the grain hardness index of the male parent can be 45, 44, 43, 42, 41, 40, 39, 38, 37, 36 or 35; as a specific embodiment, the male parent can be Huapei No. 5 (Kang Minghui et al., Breeding and Characteristics of the Nationally Approved New Wheat Variety "Huapei No. 5", Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2009).

[0031] The present invention hybridizes the female parent and the male parent and collects F1 seeds at maturity, plants F1 plants, and collects F2 seeds at maturity. From F2, plant selection is performed, and plants that are rust-resistant, meet agronomic and yield trait standards, and have a keratin rate of ≤10% are selected in each plant separation plot and continue to be planted for generations until the plant plot is stable and consistent; the stable and consistent means that the rust-resistant, agronomic and yield trait standards, and keratin rate of ≤10% of the plant plot are stable and consistent.

[0032] As a specific embodiment, the keratin rate can be 10.0%, 9.9%, 9.8%, 9.7%, 9.6%, 9.5%, 9.4%, 9.3%, 9.2%, 9.1%, 9.0%, 8.9%, 8.8%, 8.7%, 8.6%, 8.5%, 8.4%, 8.3%, 8.2%, 8.1%, 8.0%, 7.9%, 7.8%, 7.7%, 7.6%, 7.5%, 7.4%, 7.3%, 7.2%, 7.1%, 7.0%, 6.9%, 6.8%, 6.7%, 6.6%, 6.5%, 6.4%, 6.3%, 6.2%, 6.1% or 6.0%. The screening method of the individual plant with a keratin rate of ≤10% of the present invention is to randomly select 100 seeds from the seeds harvested at maturity, cut them in half in the middle, observe the percentage of the transparent part of the cross section, and screen out the individual plant with a keratin rate of ≤10%.

[0033] The rust diseases described in the present invention include stripe rust, stem rust and leaf rust. The stripe rust resistance identification described in the present invention is identified in accordance with the technical specification "NY / T 2953-2016"; the leaf rust resistance identification is identified in accordance with the technical specification "NY / T 1443.2-2007"; the stem rust resistance identification is identified in accordance with the technical specification "NY / T1443.3-2007"; as a specific implementation method, the stripe rust, stem rust and leaf rust resistance can be identified through field resistance identification.

[0034] The resistance identification of fusarium head blight described in the present invention is carried out according to the technical regulations of "NY / T 2954-2016"; as a specific implementation method, single flower drip inoculation can be used to carry out resistance identification of fusarium head blight.

[0035] The agronomic and yield trait standards of the present invention include: 64 cm ≤ plant height ≤ 80 cm, the number of effective ears per plant ≥ 5, the ear length ≥ 7 cm, the number of fruiting spikelets ≥ 14, the number of grains per ear ≥ 30 grains / ear and the 200-grain weight ≥ 7 g; as a specific embodiment, the plant height can be 64 cm, 65 cm, 66 cm, 67 cm, 68 cm, 69 cm, 70 cm, 71 cm, 72 cm, 73 cm, 74 cm, 75 cm, 76 cm, 77 cm, 78 cm, 79 cm or 80 cm; as a specific embodiment, the number of effective ears per plant can be 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9; the ear length can be 7.0 cm, 7 .1cm, 7.2cm, 7.3cm, 7.4cm, 7.5cm, 7.6cm, 7.7cm, 7.8cm, 7.9cm, 8.0cm, 8.1cm, 8.2cm, 8.3cm, 8.4cm, 8.5cm, 8.6cm, 8.7cm, 8.8cm, 8.9cm, 9. 0cm, 9.1cm, 9.2cm, 9.3cm, 9.4cm, 9.5cm, 9.6cm, 9.7cm, 9.8cm, 9.9cm, 10.0cm, 10.1cm, 10.2cm, 10.3cm, 10.4cm, 10.5cm, 10.6cm, 10.7cm, 10 .8cm, 10.9cm or 11.0cm; as a specific embodiment, the number of fruiting spikelets can be 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20; as a specific embodiment, the number of grains per ear can be 30 grains / ear, 31 grains / ear, 32 grains / ear, 33 grains / ear, 34 grains / ear, 35 grains / ear, 36 grains / ear, 37 grains / ear, 38 grains / ear, 39 grains / ear, 40 grains / ear, 41 grains / ear or 42 grains / ear; as a specific embodiment, the weight of 200 grains can be 7.0g, 7.1g, 7.2g, 7.3g, 7.4g, 7.5g, 7.6g, 7.7g, 7.8g, 7.9g, 8.0g, 8.1g, 8.2g, 8.3g, 8.4g, 8.5g, 8.6g, 8.7g, 8.8g, 8.9g, 9.0g, 9.1g, 9.2g, 9.3g, 9.4g, 9.5g, 9.6g, 9.7g, 9.8g, 9.9g, 10.0g, 10.1 g, 10.2g, 10.3g, 10.4g, 10.5g, 10.6g, 10.7g, 10.8g, 10.9g, 11.0g, 11.1g, 11.2g, 11.3g, 11.4g, 11.5g, 11.6g, 11.7g, 11.8g, 11.9g or 12.0g.

[0036] Until the rust resistance, agronomic and yield trait standards, and horny rate ≤10% of the single plant plot are stable and consistent, the present invention collects the stable and consistent seeds of the single plant plot for continued planting, screens the stable single plant plots that are rust resistant, meet the agronomic and yield trait standards, and have a horny rate ≤10% for mixed harvesting, and performs a quality performance test on the mixed harvested seeds to screen out stable strains that meet the quality performance test indicators. The screening criteria for rust resistance, meeting the agronomic and yield trait standards, and horny rate ≤10% are consistent with the above scheme and are not repeated here.

[0037] The quality performance measurement indicators of the present invention include: grain bulk density ≥790g / L, hardness index ≤45, crude protein content 13% ≤ ≤16% (meeting the medium and strong gluten quality requirements), crude starch content ≥60% and wet gluten content ≥28.5% (meeting the medium and strong gluten quality requirements); as a specific embodiment, the grain bulk density can be 790g / L, 791g / L, 792g / L, 793g / L, 794g / L, 795g / L, 796g / L, 797g / L, 798g / L, 799g / L, 800g / L, 801g / L, 802g / L, 803g / L, 804g / L, 805g / L, 806g / L, 807g / L, 808g / L, 809g / L, 810g / L, 811g / L, 812g / L, 813g / L, 814g / L, 815g / L, 816g / L, 817g / L, 818g / L, 819g / L, 820g / L, 821g / L, 822g / L, 823g / L, 824g / L, 825g / L, 826g / L, 827g / L, 828g / L, 829g / L or 830g / L; as a specific embodiment, the hardness index can be 45, 44, 43, 42, 41, 40, 39, 38, 37, 36 or 35; as a specific embodiment, the crude protein content can be 13.0%, 13.1%, 13.2%, 13.3%, 13. 4%, 13.5%, 13.6%, 13.7%, 13.8%, 13.9%, 14.0%, 14.1%, 14.2%, 14.3%, 14.4%, 14.5%, 14.6%, 14.7%, 14.8%, 14.9%, 15.0%, 15.1%, 15.2%, 15.3%, 15.4%, 15.5%, 15.6%, 15.7%, 15.8%, 15.9% or 16.0%; as a specific embodiment, the crude starch content can be 60.0%, 60.1%, 60.2%, 60.3%, 60.4%, 60.5%, 60.6%, 60.7%, 60.8%, 60.9%, 61.0%, 61.1%, 61.2%, 61.3%, 61.4%, 61.5%, 61.6%, 61.7%, 61.8%, 61.9%, 62.0%, 62.1%, 62.2%, 62.3%, 62.4%, 62.5%, 62.6%, 62.7%, 62.8%, 62.9%, 63.0%, 63.1%, 63. %, 61.2%, 61.3%, 61.4%, 61.5%, 61.6%, 61.7%, 61.8%, 61.9%, 62.0%, 62.1%, 62.2%, 62.3%, 62.4%, 62.5%, 62.6%, 62.7%, 62.8%, 62.9%, 63.0%, 63.1%, 63.2%, 63.3%, 63.4%, 63.5%, 63.6%, 63.7%, 63.8%, 63.9%, 64.0%, 64.1%, 64.2%, 64.3%, 64.4%, 64.5%, 64.6%, 64.7%, 64.8%, 64.9%, 65.0%, 65.1%, 65.2%, 65.3%, 65.4%, 65.5%, 65.6%, 65.7%, 65.8%, 65.9%, 66.0%, 66.1%, 66.2%, 66.3%, 66.4%, 66.5%, 66.6%, 66.7%, 66.8%, 66.9% or 67.0%; as a specific embodiment, the wet gluten content can be 28.5%, 28.6%, 28.7%, 28.8%, 28.9%, 29.0 %, 29.1%, 29.2%, 29.3%, 29.4%, 29.5%, 29.6%, 29.7%, 29.8%, 29.9%, 30.0%, 30.1%, 30.2%, 30.3%, 30.4%, 30.5%, 30.6%, 30.7%, 30.8%, 30.9%, 31.0%, 31.1%, 31.2%, 31.3%, 31.4%, 31.5%, 31.6%, 31. 7%, 31.8%, 31.9%, 32.0%, 32.1%, 32.2%, 32.3%, 32.4%, 32.5%, 32.6%, 32.7%, 32.8%, 32.9%, 33.0%, 33.1%, 33.2%, 33.3%, 33.4%, 33.5%, 33.6%, 33.7%, 33.8%, 33.9%, 34.0%, 34.1%, 34.2%, 34.3%, 3 4.4%, 34.5%, 34.6%, 34.7%, 34.8%, 34.9%, 35.0%, 35.1%, 35.2%, 35.3%, 35.4%, 35.5%, 35.6%, 35.7%, 35.8%, 35.9%, 36.0%, 36.1%, 36.2%, 36.3%, 36.4%, 36.5%, 36.6%, 36.7%, 36.8%, 36.9% or 37.0%. As a specific embodiment, the bulk density of the grain can be measured indoors using the GHCS-1000 grain electronic bulk density meter produced by Zhejiang Top Cloud Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., the hardness index of the grain can be measured using the BLH-1100 wheat hardness index tester produced by Zhejiang Bethlehem Instrument Co., Ltd., and the crude protein content, crude starch content and wet gluten content of the grain can be measured using the FOSS1241 near-infrared grain quality analyzer produced by Denmark Foss Analytical Instruments. .

[0038] After screening out stable strains that meet the quality performance measurement indicators, the present invention conducts identification and variety comparison tests on the stable strains, screens out varieties that meet the comprehensive agronomic trait standards, are resistant to rust and ergot, and have a yield of ≥620 kg / mu, and obtains the rust-resistant wheat variety for both brewing and eating.

[0039] The comprehensive agronomic trait standard of the present invention includes agronomic trait performance standards, yield and related trait performance standards and quality performance standards.

[0040] The agronomic trait performance standards of the present invention include seedling habit of semi-creeping, full growth period ≤ 220 days, 64 cm ≤ plant height ≤ 80 cm, semi-compact plant type, spindle type spike type, spike length ≥ 9 cm and ≥ 15 fruiting spikelets; as a specific embodiment, the full growth period can be 220 days, 219 days, 218 days, 217 days, 216 days, 215 days, 214 days, 213 days, 212 days, 211 days, 210 days, 209 days, 208 days days, 207 days, 206 days, 205 days, 204 days, 203 days, 202 days, 201 days or 200 days; as a specific embodiment, the plant height can be 64cm, 65cm, 66cm, 67cm, 68cm, 69cm, 70cm, 71cm, 72cm, 73cm, 74cm, 75cm, 76cm, 77cm, 78cm, 79cm or 80cm; as a specific embodiment, the ear length can be It is 9.0cm, 9.1cm, 9.2cm, 9.3cm, 9.4cm, 9.5cm, 9.6cm, 9.7cm, 9.8cm, 9.9cm, 10.0cm, 10.1cm, 10.2cm, 10.3cm, 10.4cm, 10.5cm, 10.6cm, 10.7cm, 10.8cm, 10.9cm, 11.0cm, 11.1cm, 11.2cm, 11.3cm, 1 As a specific embodiment, the number of the fruiting spikelets can be 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20.

[0041] The yield and related trait performance standards of the present invention include effective ear number ≥ 420,000 ears / mu, ear number ≥ 36 grains / ear, 1,000-grain weight ≥ 45 g and yield ≥ 620 kg / mu; as a specific implementation manner, the effective ear number can be 420,000 ears / mu, 421,000 ears / mu, 422,000 ears / mu, 423,000 ears / mu, 424,000 ears / mu, 425,000 ears / mu, 426,000 ears / mu, 427,000 ears / mu, 428,000 ears / mu, 429,000 ears / mu, 430,000 ears / mu, 431,000 ears / mu, 432,000 ears / mu, 433,000 ears / mu, 434,000 ears / mu, 435,000 ears / mu, 436,000 ears / mu, 437,000 ears / mu, 438,000 ears / mu, 439,000 ears / mu, 440,000 ears / mu, 441,000 ears / mu, 442,000 ears / mu, 443,000 ears / mu, 444,000 ears / mu, 445,000 ears / mu, 446,000 ears / mu, 447,000 ears / mu, 448,000 ears / mu, 449,000 ears / mu or 450,000 ears / mu; as a specific embodiment, the number of grains per ear can be 36.0 grains / ear, 36.1 grains / ear, 36.2 grains / ear, 36.3 grains / ear, 36.4 grains / ear, 36.5 grains / ear, 36.6 grains / ear, 36.7 grains / ear, 36.8 grains / ear, 36.9 grains / ear, 37.0 grains / ear, 37.1 grains / ear, 37.2 grains / ear, 37 .3 grains / ear, 37.4 grains / ear, 37.5 grains / ear, 37.6 grains / ear, 37.7 grains / ear, 37.8 grains / ear, 37.9 grains / ear, 38.0 grains / ear, 38.1 grains / ear, 38.2 grains / ear, 38.3 grains / ear, 38.4 grains / ear, 38.5 grains / ear, 38.6 grains / ear, 38.7 grains / ear, 38.8 grains / ear, 38.9 grains / ear, 39.0 grains / ear, 39.1 grains / ear, 39.2 grains / ear, 39.3 grains / ear, 39.4 grains / ear, 39.5 grains / ear, 39.6 grains / ear, 39.7 grains / ear, 39.8 grains / ear, 39.9 grains / ear or 40.0 grains / ear; as a specific embodiment, the thousand-grain mass can be 45.0g, 45.1g, 45.2g, 45.3g, 45.4g, 45.5g, 45.6g, 45.7g, 45.8g, 45.9g, 46.0g, 46.1g, 46.2g, 46.3g, 46.4g, 46.5g, 46.6g, 46.7g, 46.8g, 46.9g, 4 7.0g, 47.0g, 47.2g, 47.3g, 47.4g, 47.5g, 47.6g, 47.7g, 47.8g, 47.9g, 48 .0g, 48.1g, 48.2g, 48.3g, 48.4g, 48.5g, 48.6g, 48.7g, 48.8g, 48.9g or 49.0g; As a specific embodiment, the yield can be 620kg / mu, 621kg / mu, 622kg / mu, 623kg / mu, 624kg / mu, 625kg / mu, 626kg / mu, 627kg / mu, 628kg / mu, 629kg / mu, 630kg / mu, 631kg / mu, 632kg / mu, 633kg / mu, 634kg / mu, 635kg / mu, 636kg / mu, 637kg / mu, 638kg / mu, 639kg / mu or 640kg / mu. .

[0042] The quality performance standards of the present invention include grain bulk density ≥800g / L, hardness index ≤43, crude protein content ≤16% from 13%, crude starch content ≥64% and wet gluten content ≥34%; as a specific embodiment, the grain bulk density can be 800g / L, 801g / L, 802g / L, 803g / L, 804g / L, 805g / L, 806g / L, 807g / L, 808g / L, 809g / L, 810g / L, 811g / L, 812g / L, 813g / L, 814g / L, 815g / L, 816g / L, 817g / L, 818g / L, 819g / L, 820g / L, 821g / L, 822g / L, 823g / L, 824g / L, 825g / L, 826g / L, 827g / L, 828g / L, 829g / L or 830g / L; as a specific embodiment, the hardness index can be 43, 42, 41, 40, 39, 38, 37, 36 or 35; the crude protein content can be 13.0%, 13.1%, 13.2%, 13.3%, 13.4%, 13.5%, 13.6%, 13.7%, 13.8%, 13.9%, 14.0%, 14.1%, 14.2%, 14.3%, 14.4%, 14.5%, 14.6%, 14.7%, 14.8%, 14. 9%, 15.0%, 15.1%, 15.2%, 15.3%, 15.4%, 15.5%, 15.6%, 15.7%, 15.8%, 15.9% or 16%; as a specific embodiment, the crude starch content can be 64.0%, 64.1%, 64.2%, 64.3%, 64.4%, 64.5%, 64.6%, 64.7%, 64.8%, 64.9%, 65.0%, 65.1%, 65.2%, 65.3%, 65.4%, 65.5%, 65.6%, 65.7%, 65.8%, 65.9%, 66.0%, 66.1%, 66.2%, 66.3%, 66.4%, 66.5%, 66.6%, 66.7%, 66.8%, 66.9%, 67.0%, 67.1%, 67.2%, 67.3%, 67.4%, 67.5%, 67.6%, 67.7%, 67.8%, 67.9%, 68.0%, 68.1%, 68.2%, 68.3%, 68.4%, 68.5%, 68.6%, 68.7%, 68.8%, 68.9%, 69.0%, 69.1%, 69.2%, 69.3%, 69.4%, 69.5%, 69.6%, 69.7%, 69.8%, 69.9%, As a specific embodiment, the wet gluten content can be 34.0%, 34.1%, 34.2%, 34.3%, 34.4%, 34.5%, 34.6%, 34.7%, 34.8%, 34.9%, 35.0%, 35.1%, 35.2%, 35.3%, 35.4%, 35.5%, 35.6%, 35.7%, 35.8%, 35.9%, 36.0%, 36.1%, 36.2%, 36.3%, 36.4%, 36.5%, 36.6%, 36.7%, 36.8%, 36.9% or 37%.

[0043] The present invention also provides the use of the rust-resistant wheat variety for brewing and eating obtained by the breeding method in brewing and eating.

[0044] JD799 bred by the method of the present invention is early-maturing, short-stalked, has a large spikelet type (spindle-shaped), a large number of fruitful spikelets (15.8 fruitful spikelets) and effective spikelets (425,000 effective spikelets / mu), a high number of grains per spike (36.1 grains per spike) and a high thousand-grain weight (45.2 g); has resistance to fusarium head blight, stripe rust, leaf rust and stem rust, a bulk density of 805 g / L, and meets the first-class wheat quality requirements (GB 1351-2008 wheat); low grain hardness index (grain hardness index is 42.2) and high crude starch content (crude starch content is 64.8%). When the grains are crushed, the amount of fine particles and coarse skin is large, which is conducive to the fermentation of Daqu and improving the wine yield; the crude protein content is 14.3% and the wet gluten content is 34.6%, which meet the crude protein and wet gluten content requirements of strong gluten varieties, not only improving the quality of noodles and steamed bread, providing an important source of nutrition for people's consumption, but also promoting the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and the production of various enzymes. At the same time, it is conducive to the Maillard reaction in the process of liquor brewing and promotes the production of liquor aroma and flavor substances.

[0045] To further illustrate the present invention, a method for breeding a rust-resistant wheat variety for both brewing and edible purposes and its application provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Unless otherwise specified, the present invention has no special requirements for the preparation raw materials, and commercially available products known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0047] Example JD799 breeding process

[0048] (1) The wheat variety Qianmai 2 (Huang Daojun et al., Breeding and high-yield cultivation technology of the new wheat variety Qianmai 2, Jiangsu Agricultural Science, 2011) with a yield of ≥500 kg / mu, rust resistance, grain bulk density ≥790 g / L, crude starch content ≥60% and wet gluten content ≥28.5% was used as the female parent, and the wheat variety Huapei 5 (Kang Minghui et al., Breeding and characteristics of the new national wheat variety "Huapei 5" with a grain hardness index ≤45) was used as the male parent for hybridization, and F1 seeds were harvested at maturity.

[0049] (2) Plant 90 F1 plants and harvest them at maturity to obtain F2 seeds.

[0050] (3) 1440 F2 plants were planted and identified for resistance to rust (stripe rust, leaf rust and stem rust) and ergot. Thirty-five plants that were resistant to rust and met the agronomic and yield trait standards (64 cm ≤ ≤ 80 cm plant height, number of effective spikelets per plant ≥ 5, spike length ≥ 7 cm, number of fruiting spikelets ≥ 14, number of grains per spike ≥ 30 grains / spike and 200-grain weight ≥ 7 g) were selected. These 35 plants were harvested at maturity to obtain F3 seeds. After drying, 100 seeds were randomly selected from each plant, cut in the middle, and the percentage of the transparent part of the cross section was observed. The average value was taken as the cutin rate of the plant. Thirteen plants with a cutin rate ≤ 10% were selected. The test results of various traits are shown in Table 1.

[0051] Table 1 Test results of various traits of F2 single plant plot

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] (4) Planting F3-F5 plots individually, planting the seeds of the individual plants selected in Table 1 to obtain F3 individual plants, planting the seeds of the individual plants selected in Table 2 to obtain F4 individual plants, and planting the seeds of the individual plants selected in Table 3 to obtain F5 individual plants. Select individual plants from plots that are rust-resistant and meet the agronomic and yield trait standards (64 cm ≤ plant height ≤ 80 cm, number of effective spikelets per plant ≥ 5, spike length ≥ 7 cm, number of fruiting spikelets ≥ 14, number of grains per spike ≥ 30 grains / ear, and 200-grain weight ≥ 7 g), and collect seeds respectively. After drying, randomly select 100 grains per plant, cut the middle cross-section, observe the percentage of the transparent part of the cross section, and select individual plants with a keratin rate ≤ 10% for continued planting. Among them, the test results of various traits of the F3 individual plant plot are shown in Table 2, the test results of various traits of the F4 individual plant plot are shown in Table 3, and the test results of various traits of the F5 individual plant plot are shown in Table 4.

[0055] Table 2 Results of various traits testing in F3 single plant plot

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] Table 3 Results of various trait tests in F4 single plant plot

[0059]

[0060] Table 4 Results of various trait tests in F5 single plant plot

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] (5) Nineteen F6 single-plant plots were planted and identified for resistance to rust and ergot. Seven stable plots were selected with plants of uniform growth, resistance to rust, and meeting agronomic and yield trait standards (64 cm ≤ plant height ≤ 80 cm, number of effective spikelets per plant ≥ 5, spike length ≥ 7 cm, number of fruiting spikelets ≥ 14, number of grains per spike ≥ 30 grains / ear, and 200-grain weight ≥ 7 g), and a corneous rate ≤ 10% (the test results of various traits of the seven stable plots are shown in Table 5). The plots were mixed harvested at maturity.

[0064] Table 5 Results of various trait tests in F6 single plant plot

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] (6) The bulk density of the grains in the seven plots was measured indoors using the GHCS-1000 grain electronic bulk density meter produced by Zhejiang Top Cloud Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., the hardness index of the grains in the seven plots was measured using the BLH-1100 wheat hardness index tester produced by Zhejiang Bethlehem Instruments Co., Ltd., and the crude protein content, crude starch content and wet gluten content of the grains in the seven plots were measured using the FOSS1241 near-infrared grain quality analyzer produced by Denmark Foss Analytical Instruments. Based on the test results, four stable plots with bulk density ≥790g / L, hardness index ≤45, crude protein content 13% ≤ ≤16% (meeting the medium-strong gluten quality requirements), crude starch content ≥60%, and wet gluten content ≥28.5 (meeting the medium-strong gluten quality requirements) were selected.

[0068] (7) Four stable plots were used for identification and variety comparison tests, with the test numbers JD796, JD797, JD798, and JD799. Huaimai 20 (Gu Zhengzhong et al., High-yield cultivation population index and optimization regulation technology of Huaimai 20, Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2006) was used as the control. Rust and fusarium head blight resistance were also identified. The specific identification methods were in accordance with NY / T 2954-2016 (single flower drip inoculation, fusarium head blight), NY / T 2953-2016 (field resistance identification, stripe rust), NY / T 1443.2-2007 (field resistance identification, leaf rust), and NY / T1443.3-2007 (field resistance identification, stem rust). Grains from each identification plot were harvested at maturity, and yield, bulk density, hardness index, crude protein content, crude starch content, and wet gluten content were measured indoors. The agronomic performances of JD796, JD797, JD798 and JD799 are shown in Table 6, the yield and its related performances are shown in Table 7, the disease resistance performances are shown in Table 8, and the quality performances are shown in Table 9. JD796, JD797 and JD799 were selected based on the agronomic performances, yield and its related performances, disease resistance performances and quality performances.

[0069] Table 6 Agronomic traits

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] Table 7 Yield and its related traits

[0073]

[0074] Table 8 Disease resistance traits

[0075] Test No. Fusarium head blight Stripe rust Leaf rust Stem rust JD796 Medium anti- Zhongkang Zhongkang JD797 Zhongkang Zhongkang anti- anti- JD798 Medium Zhongkang High resistance Zhongkang JD799 Zhongkang anti- High resistance High resistance Huaimai 20(ck) Medium Medium Medium Zhongkang

[0076] Table 9 Quality performance

[0077] Test No. Bulk density / (g / L) Hardness Index Crude protein content / % Crude starch content / % Wet gluten content / % JD796 793 43.5 13.6 61.5 29.0 JD797 801 44.0 14.0 63.5 31.7 JD798 802 44.4 14.5 64.3 32.1 JD799 805 42.2 14.3 64.8 34.6 Huaimai 20(ck) 852 64.3 14.2 63.4 34.3

[0078] (8) Based on comprehensive agronomic trait standards such as plant height, growth period, number of effective ears, number of grains per ear, and 1000-grain weight (comprehensive agronomic trait standards include agronomic trait performance standards, yield and related trait performance standards, and quality performance standards. Agronomic trait performance standards are semi-creeping seedling habits, full growth period ≤ 224 days, 64 cm ≤ plant height ≤ 80 cm, semi-compact plant type, spindle-shaped ear type, ear length ≥ 9 cm, and 15 or more fruitful spikelets; yield and related trait performance standards are effective ear number ≥ 420,000 ears / mu, number of grains per ear ≥ 36 grains / ear, 1000-grain weight ≥ 45 g, yield ≥ 620 kg / mu, and yield increase ≥ 8% compared with the control; quality The performance standards are grain bulk density ≥800g / L, hardness index ≤43, crude protein content 13%≤≤16%, crude starch content ≥64% and wet gluten content ≥34%), and JD799 was selected. JD799 is early-maturing, short-stalked, has a large spikelet type (spindle-shaped), a large number of fruit spikelets (15.8 fruit spikelets) and effective spikelets (425,000 effective spikelets / mu), a high number of grains per spike (36.1 grains per spike) and a thousand-grain weight (45.2g); it is resistant to fusarium head blight, stripe rust, leaf rust and stem rust, has a bulk density of 805g / L, and meets the first-class wheat quality requirements (GB 1351-2008 wheat); low grain hardness index (grain hardness index is 42.2) and high crude starch content (crude starch content is 64.8%). When the grains are crushed, the amount of fine particles and coarse skin is large, which is conducive to the fermentation of Daqu and improves the wine yield (Feng Yu, The influence of wheat softness and hardness on high temperature Daqu, Brewing, 2019; Wang Hairong et al., Research on the quality characteristics of wheat starch for brewing koji, Plant Height Brewing, 2023); crude protein content is 14.3%, wet gluten content is 34.6%, reaching the crude protein and wet gluten content of strong gluten varieties The gluten content requirements [National Standards for the Approval of Major Crops] can not only improve the quality of noodles and steamed buns and provide an important source of nutrition for people's consumption, but also promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and the production of various enzymes. At the same time, it is beneficial to the Maillard reaction in the brewing process of liquor, and promotes the production of aromatic and flavor substances of liquor (Niu Liya et al., Influence of Wheat Quality Traits and Yield Traits on the Scoring of Steamed Breads and Noodles, Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022; Wang Hairong et al., Research on Quality Characteristics of Wheat Grains for Brewing, Journal of Wheat Crops, 2024).

[0079] It can be seen that the wheat variety bred by the method of the present invention not only has good resistance to rust and ergot, and its protein and wet gluten contents meet the standards of medium-strong gluten wheat, but also has a high bulk density and a hardness index of ≤45, which can take into account the needs of both consumption and liquor brewing.

[0080] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding rust-resistant wheat varieties for both brewing and eating, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The wheat varieties with yield ≥500kg / mu, rust resistance, grain bulk density ≥790g / L, crude starch content ≥60% and wet gluten content ≥28.5% are used as female parents and the wheat varieties with grain hardness index ≤45 are used as male parents for hybridization, and the F1 seeds are mixed and harvested at maturity; Planting F1 individual plants, harvesting them at maturity to obtain F2 seeds, planting F2 individual plants, selecting individual plants from F2, selecting individual plants that are rust-resistant, meet agronomic and yield trait standards, and have a corneum rate of ≤10% in each individual plant separation plot, and continuing to plant in generations until the individual plant plots are stable and consistent; the stable and consistent means that the individual plant plots are stable and consistent in terms of rust resistance, meet agronomic and yield trait standards, and have a corneum rate of ≤10%; Collect the seeds of the single-plant plots that are stable and consistent and continue to plant, select the stable single-plant plots that are rust-resistant, meet the agronomic and yield trait standards, and have a corneous rate of ≤10% for mixed harvesting, measure the quality performance of the mixed harvested seeds, and select the stable lines that meet the quality performance measurement indicators; Identification and variety comparison tests were carried out on the stable lines to screen out varieties that meet the comprehensive agronomic trait standards, are resistant to rust and ergot and have a yield of ≥620kg / mu, thereby obtaining the rust-resistant wheat variety for both brewing and eating.

2. The breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The female parent includes Qianmai No. 2, and the male parent includes Huapei No.

5.

3. The breeding method according to claim 2, characterized in that The rust diseases include stripe rust, stem rust and leaf rust.

4. The breeding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stripe rust resistance identification is carried out in accordance with the "NY / T2953-2016" technical regulations; the leaf rust resistance identification is carried out in accordance with the "NY / T1443.2-2007" technical regulations; the stem rust resistance identification is carried out in accordance with the "NY / T1443.3-2007" technical regulations.

5. The breeding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The resistance to fusarium scabiei is identified in accordance with the technical regulations of "NY / T2954-2016".

6. The breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that The agronomic and yield trait standards include: 64cm≤plant height≤80cm, number of effective ears per plant≥5, ear length≥7cm, number of fruiting spikelets≥14, number of grains per ear≥30 grains / ear and 200-grain weight≥7g.

7. The breeding method according to claim 6, characterized in that The screening method for the single plant with a keratin rate of ≤10% is as follows: after drying the seeds harvested at maturity, 100 seeds are randomly selected from the single plant, the middle is cross-cut, the percentage of the transparent part of the cross section is observed, and the single plant with a keratin rate of ≤10% is screened out.

8. The breeding method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The quality performance measurement indicators include: grain bulk density ≥790g / L, hardness index ≤45, crude protein content 13%≤≤16%, crude starch content ≥60% and wet gluten content ≥28.5%.

9. The breeding method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The comprehensive agronomic trait standards include agronomic trait performance standards, yield and related trait performance standards and quality performance standards; The agronomic trait performance standards include: seedling habit is semi-creeping, full growth period ≤ 220 days, 64 cm ≤ plant height ≤ 80 cm, plant type is semi-compact, spike type is spindle type, spike length ≥ 9 cm and fruit spikelets ≥ 15; The yield and related trait performance standards include: effective ear number ≥ 420,000 ears / mu, ear number ≥ 36 grains / ear, thousand-grain weight ≥ 45g and yield ≥ 620kg / mu; The quality performance standards include: grain bulk density ≥800g / L, hardness index ≤43, crude protein content 13%≤≤16%, crude starch content ≥64% and wet gluten content ≥34%.

10. Use of the rust-resistant wheat variety for brewing and eating obtained by the breeding method described in any one of claims 1 to 9 in brewing and eating.

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