Multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system of electric vehicle lithium battery

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for an electric vehicle lithium battery, and the system comprises a vehicle lithium battery box, a thermal insulation protection module, a lithium battery fire composite detector, a lithium battery electrical parameter collection module, a lithium battery operation environment monitoring and management module, and a lithium battery fire suppression system. A plurality of lithium battery cell units are arranged in the automobile lithium battery box, the lithium battery cell units are separated through a thermal barrier protection module in the automobile lithium battery box, and a lithium battery fire composite detector used for detecting the internal environment of the automobile lithium battery box is installed in the automobile lithium battery box. According to the invention, multi-dimensional protection of the lithium battery cell unit in the automobile lithium battery box is realized, so that good fire prevention and control are achieved, and the safety is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fire safety technology for electric vehicle lithium batteries, and in particular to a multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for electric vehicle lithium batteries. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the environmental problems caused by traditional internal combustion engine vehicles and the shortage of oil resources have made people turn their attention to new energy vehicles. Pure electric vehicles have become an important development direction for electric vehicles because they can truly achieve "zero emissions". Lithium-ion batteries have become the ideal power source for the new generation of electric vehicles due to their excellent performance.

[0003] In the use of lithium electric vehicles, we found that how to ensure the safety of lithium electric vehicles has become the focus of technical personnel. At present, in the fire prevention and control of automobile lithium battery boxes, the methods used are relatively simple and incomplete, which can easily lead to delays and affect fire rescue, bringing hidden dangers to safety and property. In order to better solve this problem, we propose a multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for electric vehicle lithium batteries. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for electric vehicle lithium batteries.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for lithium batteries of electric vehicles, comprising a lithium battery box, a thermal barrier protection module, a lithium battery fire composite detector, a lithium battery electrical parameter acquisition module, a lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module, and a lithium battery fire suppression system, wherein a plurality of lithium battery cell units are arranged inside the lithium battery box, the lithium battery cell units are separated inside the lithium battery box by the thermal barrier protection module, a lithium battery fire composite detector for detecting the internal environment of the lithium battery box is installed inside the lithium battery box, a lithium battery electrical parameter acquisition module for measuring electrical parameters of the lithium battery cell units is installed inside the lithium battery box, the lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module is used to receive information from the lithium battery fire composite detector and the lithium battery electrical parameter acquisition module, and a lithium battery fire suppression system is installed inside the lithium battery box.

[0007] Preferably, the lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module is equipped with a high-efficiency intelligent data analysis module.

[0008] Preferably, the lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module is connected to a lithium battery vehicle central control module, and the lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module transmits the collected information to the lithium battery vehicle central control module.

[0009] Preferably, the lithium battery vehicle central control module is connected to a fire rescue center via a wireless communication module, and the fire rescue center is a 119 rescue center.

[0010] Preferably, the thermal barrier protection module includes a battery box thermal barrier module and a lithium battery cell unit thermal barrier module, the battery box thermal barrier module covers the top of the lithium battery cell unit, and the lithium battery cell unit thermal barrier module is located between adjacent lithium battery cell units.

[0011] Preferably, the lithium battery fire composite detector includes a temperature detection module, a smoke detection module, a combustible gas concentration detection module, and an electrolyte concentration detection module.

[0012] Preferably, the lithium battery electrical parameter acquisition module includes a lithium battery voltage acquisition module and a lithium battery current acquisition module.

[0013] Preferably, the lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module is connected to an audible and visual alarm module.

[0014] Preferably, the lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module is used to control a lithium battery fire suppression system.

[0015] Preferably, the lithium battery fire suppression system includes an inerting protection module and a fire suppression module. The inerting protection module inertates the interior of the vehicle lithium battery box by releasing inert gas inside the vehicle lithium battery box, and the fire suppression module cools the internal space and battery cells of the vehicle lithium battery box by quickly releasing efficient and clean fire extinguishing agent.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. In the present invention, the lithium battery fire composite detector integrates multiple sensors, and has the ability to detect the temperature, smoke, combustible gas, electrolyte, etc. generated in the automobile lithium battery box, and transmit the relevant information to the lithium battery operation environment monitoring and management module in real time. The lithium battery fire composite detector has the characteristics of miniaturization, high sensitivity, stability and reliability, low power consumption, etc. It is built into the interior of the automobile lithium battery box and hardly occupies the layout space of the lithium battery cell unit;

[0018] 2. In the present invention, the lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module is built with an efficient and intelligent data analysis module, which can obtain data such as the temperature, temperature change rate and voltage change of the lithium battery cell unit, and can also receive real-time information on the change of the internal environmental gas of the automobile lithium battery box fed back by the lithium battery fire composite detector. After making a comprehensive judgment on the information based on multiple parameters, the inert gas is released inside the automobile lithium battery box in a timely manner to inertize and protect the interior of the automobile lithium battery box. When necessary, the fire suppression module can quickly release efficient and clean fire extinguishing agents to cool down the internal space of the automobile lithium battery box and the lithium battery cell unit, and at the same time, the sound and light alarm module can sound an alarm to remind the occupants to escape in time.

[0019] 3. In the present invention, the battery box thermal barrier module is made of thermal insulation material, which can be customized according to the depth of the structure of the automobile lithium battery box, and completely covers the top of the lithium battery cell unit, effectively isolating the heat of the lithium battery cell unit from being transferred into the vehicle, and inhibiting the heat generated when the lithium battery cell unit is thermally runaway from causing the items in the vehicle to burn; the lithium battery cell unit thermal barrier module is made of thermal insulation material, which can be customized according to the depth of the structure of the lithium battery cell unit, and fully wraps the outside of the lithium battery cell unit, effectively isolating the heat transfer between the lithium battery cell units, and inhibiting the thermal runaway expansion generated when the lithium battery cell unit is thermally runaway from the source;

[0020] 4. In the present invention, when a lithium battery cell unit has a very early thermal runaway, the lithium battery fire suppression system receives an inertization protection instruction and releases an inert gas inside the automobile lithium battery box through the inertization protection module to inertize the interior of the automobile lithium battery box, thereby reducing the occurrence of fire or explosion in the automobile lithium battery box when the lithium battery cell unit has a thermal runaway. When the thermal runaway of the lithium battery cell unit further develops, the lithium battery fire suppression system receives a fire suppression instruction and quickly releases a highly efficient and clean fire extinguishing agent through the fire suppression module to cool the internal space of the automobile lithium battery box and the lithium battery cell unit, thereby preventing or reducing the expansion process of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery cell unit, and buying more time for the evacuation of personnel after the thermal runaway of the lithium battery cell unit.

[0021] In summary, the present invention realizes multi-dimensional protection of the lithium battery cell units in the automobile lithium battery box, thereby achieving good fire prevention and control with high safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a logic block diagram of a multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for electric vehicle lithium batteries proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the composition of a thermal barrier protection module of a multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for lithium batteries of electric vehicles proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A block diagram of the composition of a lithium battery fire composite detector of a multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for lithium batteries of electric vehicles proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the composition of a lithium battery electrical parameter acquisition module of a multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for lithium batteries of electric vehicles proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a block diagram of the composition of a lithium battery fire suppression system of a multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for electric vehicle lithium batteries proposed by the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: automotive lithium battery box 1, thermal barrier protection module 2, battery box thermal barrier module 21, lithium battery cell unit thermal barrier module 22, lithium battery fire composite detector 3, temperature detection module 31, smoke detection module 32, combustible gas concentration detection module 33, electrolyte concentration detection module 34, lithium battery electrical parameter acquisition module 4, lithium battery voltage acquisition module 41, lithium battery current acquisition module 42, lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module 5, lithium battery fire suppression system 6, inerting protection module 61, fire suppression module 62, lithium battery automotive central control module 7, fire rescue center 8, sound and light alarm module 9, lithium battery cell unit 10 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0029] Reference Figure 1A multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for lithium batteries of electric vehicles, comprising a lithium battery box 1, a thermal barrier protection module 2, a lithium battery fire composite detector 3, a lithium battery electrical parameter acquisition module 4, a lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module 5, and a lithium battery fire suppression system 6. A plurality of lithium battery cell units 10 are arranged inside the lithium battery box 1. The lithium battery cell units 10 are separated from each other by the thermal barrier protection module 2. A lithium battery fire composite detector 3 for detecting the internal environment of the lithium battery box 1 is installed inside the lithium battery box 1. The lithium battery fire composite detector 3 integrates multiple sensors. The sensor has the function of detecting the temperature, smoke, combustible gas, electrolyte, etc. generated in the automobile lithium battery box 1, and transmitting the relevant information to the lithium battery operation environment monitoring and management module 5 in real time. The lithium battery fire composite detector 3 has the characteristics of miniaturization, high sensitivity, stability and reliability, low power consumption, etc. It is built into the interior of the automobile lithium battery box 1 and hardly occupies the layout space of the lithium battery cell unit 10. The interior of the automobile lithium battery box 1 is equipped with a lithium battery electrical parameter acquisition module 4 for measuring the electrical parameters of the lithium battery cell unit 10. The lithium battery operation environment monitoring and management module 5 is used to receive the lithium battery fire composite detector 3 and the lithium battery electrical parameter acquisition module 4. The information of the module 4 is collected, a lithium battery fire suppression system 6 is installed inside the automobile lithium battery box 1, and the lithium battery operation environment monitoring and management module 5 is built-in with an efficient and intelligent data analysis module, which can obtain the temperature, temperature change rate and voltage change data of the lithium battery cell unit 10, and can also receive the internal environmental gas change information of the automobile lithium battery box 1 fed back by the lithium battery fire composite detector 3 in real time. After making a comprehensive judgment on the information with multiple parameters, the inert gas is released inside the automobile lithium battery box 1 in a timely manner to inertize and protect the inside of the automobile lithium battery box 1. When necessary, the fire suppression module 62 is used to quickly release an efficient and clean fire extinguishing agent to The internal space of the automobile lithium battery box 1 and the lithium battery cell unit 10 are cooled, and an alarm is sounded through the sound and light alarm module 9 to remind the occupants to escape in time. The lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module 5 is connected to the lithium battery automobile central control module 7. The lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module 5 transmits the collected information to the lithium battery automobile central control module 7. The lithium battery automobile central control module 7 is connected to the fire rescue center 8 through the wireless communication module. The fire rescue center 8 is the 119 rescue center. The lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module 5 is connected to the sound and light alarm module 9. The lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module 5 is used to control the lithium battery fire suppression system 6.

[0030] Reference Figure 2The thermal barrier protection module 2 includes a battery box thermal barrier module 21 and a lithium battery cell unit thermal barrier module 22. The battery box thermal barrier module 21 covers the top of the lithium battery cell unit 10. The battery box thermal barrier module 21 is made of thermal insulation material and can be customized according to the structural depth of the automotive lithium battery box 1. It completely covers the top of the lithium battery cell unit 10, effectively isolates the heat of the lithium battery cell unit 10 from transferring into the vehicle, and inhibits the heat generated when the lithium battery cell unit 10 runs away from the vehicle and causes the items in the vehicle to burn. The lithium battery cell unit thermal barrier module 22 is located between adjacent lithium battery cell units 10. The lithium battery cell unit thermal barrier module 22 is made of thermal insulation material and can be customized according to the structural depth of the lithium battery cell unit 10. It fully wraps the outside of the lithium battery cell unit 10, effectively isolates the heat transfer between the lithium battery cell units 10, and inhibits the thermal runaway expansion generated when the lithium battery cell unit 10 runs away from the source.

[0031] Reference Figure 3 The lithium battery fire composite detector 3 includes a temperature detection module 31 , a smoke detection module 32 , a combustible gas concentration detection module 33 , and an electrolyte concentration detection module 34 .

[0032] Reference Figure 4 The lithium battery electrical parameter acquisition module 4 includes a lithium battery voltage acquisition module 41 and a lithium battery current acquisition module 42 .

[0033] Reference Figure 5 The lithium battery fire suppression system 6 includes an inertization protection module 61 and a fire suppression module 62. The inertization protection module 61 releases inert gas inside the automobile lithium battery box 1 to inertize the interior of the automobile lithium battery box 1. The fire suppression module 62 quickly releases an efficient and clean fire extinguishing agent to cool down the interior space and battery cells of the automobile lithium battery box 1. When the lithium battery cell unit 10 has an extremely early thermal runaway, the lithium battery fire suppression system 6 receives the inertization protection instruction and releases inert gas inside the automobile lithium battery box 1 to cool down the automobile lithium battery box 1 through the inertization protection module 61. The internal inerting protection is carried out to reduce the occurrence of fire or explosion in the automobile lithium battery box 1 when the lithium battery cell unit 10 has thermal runaway; when the thermal runaway of the lithium battery cell unit 10 further develops, the lithium battery fire suppression system 6 receives the fire suppression command and quickly releases the efficient and clean fire extinguishing agent through the fire suppression module 62 to cool the internal space of the automobile lithium battery box 1 and the lithium battery cell unit 10, thereby preventing or reducing the expansion process of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery cell unit 10, and buying more time for the evacuation of personnel after the thermal runaway of the lithium battery cell unit 10.

[0034] Working principle: The lithium battery fire composite detector 3 integrates multiple sensors, and can detect the temperature, smoke, combustible gas, electrolyte, etc. generated in the automobile lithium battery box 1, and transmit the relevant information to the lithium battery operation environment monitoring and management module 5 in real time. The lithium battery fire composite detector 3 has the characteristics of miniaturization, high sensitivity, stability and reliability, and low power consumption. It is built into the interior of the automobile lithium battery box 1 and hardly occupies the layout space of the lithium battery cell unit 10; the lithium battery operation environment monitoring and management module 5 has a built-in efficient and intelligent data analysis module, which can obtain the temperature, temperature change rate, voltage change and other data of the lithium battery cell unit 10, and can also realize The battery fire composite detector 3 receives the information of the change of the internal environment gas of the automobile lithium battery box 1 fed back by the automobile lithium battery fire composite detector 3, and after making a comprehensive judgment on the information based on multiple parameters, the inert gas is released in the automobile lithium battery box 1 to inertize the interior of the automobile lithium battery box 1 in a timely manner. When necessary, the fire suppression module 62 quickly releases an efficient and clean fire extinguishing agent to cool down the internal space of the automobile lithium battery box 1 and the lithium battery cell unit 10, and at the same time, the sound and light alarm module 9 sends an alarm to remind the occupants to escape in time; the battery box thermal barrier module 21 is made of heat-insulating material and can be customized according to the structural depth of the automobile lithium battery box 1, completely covering the lithium battery cell unit 10, effectively isolating the heat of the lithium battery cell unit 10 from transferring into the vehicle, and inhibiting the heat generated when the lithium battery cell unit 10 runs away from the vehicle from causing the items in the vehicle to burn; the lithium battery cell unit thermal barrier module 22 is made of heat insulating material, which can be customized according to the structural depth of the lithium battery cell unit 10, fully wrapping the outside of the lithium battery cell unit 10, effectively isolating the heat transfer between the lithium battery cell units 10, and inhibiting the thermal runaway expansion generated when the lithium battery cell unit 10 runs away from the source; when the lithium battery cell unit 10 has an extremely early thermal runaway, the lithium battery fire suppression system 6 receives the inerting protection instruction, and the inerting protection module 61 The inert gas released from the interior of the automobile lithium battery box 1 is used to inertify and protect the interior of the automobile lithium battery box 1, thereby reducing the possibility of fire or explosion in the automobile lithium battery box 1 when the lithium battery cell unit 10 has thermal runaway. When the thermal runaway of the lithium battery cell unit 10 further develops, the lithium battery fire suppression system 6 receives the fire suppression instruction and quickly releases a highly efficient and clean fire extinguishing agent through the fire suppression module 62 to cool down the internal space of the automobile lithium battery box 1 and the lithium battery cell unit 10, thereby preventing or reducing the expansion process of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery cell unit 10, and buying more time for the evacuation of personnel after the thermal runaway of the lithium battery cell unit 10.

[0035] It should be noted that the lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module 5 can be configured with a series of functions such as visual automatic inspection diagnosis, fault alarm, CAN communication, remote data storage and viewing, online software upgrade, etc. under certain conditions.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for lithium batteries of electric vehicles, comprising a lithium battery box (1), a thermal barrier protection module (2), a lithium battery fire composite detector (3), a lithium battery electrical parameter acquisition module (4), a lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module (5), and a lithium battery fire suppression system (6), wherein a plurality of lithium battery cell units (10) are arranged inside the lithium battery box (1), characterized in that: The interior of the automobile lithium battery box (1) is separated into lithium battery cell units (10) by a heat-blocking protection module (2); a lithium battery fire composite detector (3) for detecting the internal environment of the automobile lithium battery box (1) is installed inside the automobile lithium battery box (1); a lithium battery electrical parameter acquisition module (4) for measuring electrical parameters of the lithium battery cell units (10) is installed inside the automobile lithium battery box (1); the lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module (5) is used to receive information from the lithium battery fire composite detector (3) and the lithium battery electrical parameter acquisition module (4); and a lithium battery fire suppression system (6) is installed inside the automobile lithium battery box (1).

2. A multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for electric vehicle lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module (5) is equipped with a high-efficiency intelligent data analysis module.

3. A multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for electric vehicle lithium batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module (5) is connected to a lithium battery vehicle central control module (7), and the lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module (5) transmits the collected information to the lithium battery vehicle central control module (7).

4. A multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for electric vehicle lithium batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lithium battery automobile central control module (7) is connected to a fire rescue center (8) via a wireless communication module, and the fire rescue center (8) is a 119 rescue center.

5. The multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for electric vehicle lithium batteries according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thermal barrier protection module (2) comprises a battery box thermal barrier module (21) and a lithium battery cell unit thermal barrier module (22); the battery box thermal barrier module (21) covers the top of the lithium battery cell unit (10); and the lithium battery cell unit thermal barrier module (22) is located between adjacent lithium battery cell units (10).

6. The multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for electric vehicle lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium battery fire composite detector (3) comprises a temperature detection module (31), a smoke detection module (32), a combustible gas concentration detection module (33), and an electrolyte concentration detection module (34).

7. The multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for electric vehicle lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium battery electrical parameter acquisition module (4) comprises a lithium battery voltage acquisition module (41) and a lithium battery current acquisition module (42).

8. The multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for electric vehicle lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module (5) is connected to an audible and visual alarm module (9).

9. The multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for electric vehicle lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium battery operating environment monitoring and management module (5) is used to control the lithium battery fire suppression system (6).

10. A multi-dimensional fire prevention and control system for electric vehicle lithium batteries according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lithium battery fire suppression system (6) comprises an inerting protection module (61) and a fire suppression module (62), wherein the inerting protection module (61) performs inerting protection on the interior of the vehicle lithium battery box (1) by releasing inert gas inside the vehicle lithium battery box (1), and the fire suppression module (62) performs cooling on the interior space and battery cells of the vehicle lithium battery box (1) by quickly releasing an efficient and clean fire extinguishing agent.

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