Urban construction waste winnowing separation system

Abstract

The invention discloses a winnowing separation system for urban construction waste. The winnowing separation system comprises the following steps that S1, materials are added, specifically, to-be-sorted construction waste materials are poured into a material storage frame, and the total mass of the materials in the batch is recorded through a pressure sensor on a limiting plate; s2, compression and mixing: when a compression mechanism works, recording the descending height of a compression plate, and synchronously working a stirring mechanism to finish homogeneous stirring of the materials; s3, conveying and winnowing are carried out, wherein after mixing is finished, a conveying mechanism starts to work, the mixed materials are crushed and conveyed, the crushed materials are discharged, and sorting is carried out in the falling process; and S4, dynamic adjustment is conducted, specifically, in the winnowing process, the follow-up sorting quality is evaluated and measured according to the current sorting effect in combination with previous data, and the wind speed is dynamically adjusted further in combination with the evaluation result so as to improve the analysis effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material sorting, in particular to an air sorting and separation system for urban construction waste. Background Art

[0002] Winnowing separation of urban construction waste is a technology that uses wind power to separate light and heavy materials in construction waste. This system uses wind power to blow away light materials (such as plastic bags, cloth, etc.), while heavy materials (such as bricks, stones, wood, etc.) settle to the collection device below due to gravity.

[0003] After searching, the Chinese patent with publication number CN116273877B includes a casing, a negative pressure suction mechanism and an air shut-off mechanism arranged in the casing, a feed port is arranged at the top of the casing and above the air shut-off mechanism, a heavy material discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the casing, the casing includes a heavy material drop-off part, a feed part corresponding to the air shut-off mechanism and a discharge part located on one side of the air shut-off mechanism, the discharge part includes a first discharge part and a second discharge part, each outlet of the first discharge part and the second discharge part is connected to the negative pressure suction mechanism and is an outlet for light materials, the feed. The decoration waste or demolition waste receiving and sorting equipment of the present invention is provided with a first discharge part and a second discharge part, and the negative pressure double channels formed by them are convenient for separating light materials from heavy materials in the mixture, which greatly improves the light material separation efficiency and separation effect.

[0004] However, the above patent does not describe the influence of the output power of the centrifugal fan on the sorting results, that is, the wind speed requirements for sorting construction waste with different proportions of light and heavy materials. When the proportion of light materials in the garbage is relatively large, a lower wind speed is required to avoid blowing up the heavy materials. When the proportion of heavy materials in the garbage is relatively large, a higher wind speed is required to effectively separate the light materials. Therefore, the wind speed of fixed power is difficult to meet the sorting wind speed requirements of construction waste with different mixed proportions. At the same time, since most of the heavy materials in the construction waste are materials with solidification ability such as concrete, some light materials may adhere to and solidify together with the unsolidified heavy materials after contact. At this time, this part of the mixed material is difficult to be effectively blown away, which makes it difficult for the equipment to achieve the expected sorting effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wind separation system for urban construction waste, which has the advantages of mixed crushing and dynamic balance and solves the problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a system for separating urban construction waste by air separation, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Material addition: pour the construction waste materials to be sorted into the storage frame and record the total mass of this batch of materials through the pressure sensor on the limit plate, then turn the control lever clockwise to control the compression mechanism and mixing mechanism to start working;

[0008] S2, compression and mixing: the compression mechanism starts to descend when working until the bottom of the compression plate contacts the material to be sorted on the limit plate, and the descending height of the compression plate is recorded. During this process, the stirring mechanism works synchronously to complete the homogenous stirring of the material to keep the light and heavy materials in the material fully mixed;

[0009] S3, conveying and air separation: after the mixing is completed, turn the control lever counterclockwise, and the conveying mechanism starts to work and crushes and conveys the mixed materials. The crushed materials are discharged and are blown by the air separation component during the falling process to start the sorting operation;

[0010] S4. Dynamic adjustment: During the air separation process, the current sorting effect is combined with past data to evaluate and calculate the subsequent sorting quality, and the wind speed is further adjusted dynamically based on the evaluation results to improve the analysis effect.

[0011] Preferably, it includes a sorting frame and a feeding component, a mixing component and a wind selection component, the feeding component includes a compression mechanism for completing the material adding process and a control mechanism for completing the regulating process, the mixing component includes a stirring mechanism for completing the material mixing process and a conveying mechanism for crushing the material.

[0012] Preferably, the compression mechanism comprises a fixed sleeve arranged in a fixed state, an inverted L-groove is provided on the outer surface of the fixed sleeve, a limiting ring is fixedly connected to the inner contour of the bottom end of the fixed sleeve, a connecting rod is sleeved on the outer contour of the fixed sleeve, the axis of the other end of the connecting rod is vertically penetrated and fixedly connected to a fixing rod, the bottom end of the fixing rod is fixedly connected to a compression plate, the bottom end of the connecting rod is penetrated and transmission-connected to a transmission block, the transmission block extends through the inverted L-groove to the inside of the fixed sleeve and is fixedly connected to a threaded ring, and the threaded ring is limitedly slidably connected to the inner contour of the fixed sleeve;

[0013] The control mechanism includes a threaded shaft that vertically penetrates and is threadedly connected to the axis of the threaded ring, and the threaded shaft vertically penetrates and is connected to the limiting rotation with the limiting ring, the bottom end of the threaded shaft is fixedly connected to an upper toothed disc, the bottom end of the upper toothed disc is meshed and transmission connected to a driving wheel, the bottom end of the driving wheel is meshed and transmission connected to a lower toothed disc, and the lower toothed disc is connected to a fixed sleeve for limiting rotation, and a control rod is fixedly connected to the axis of the lower toothed disc, and the control rod penetrates the fixing sleeve and extends outward.

[0014] Preferably, the stirring mechanism comprises a material storage frame with an inner diameter size adapted to the compression plate, a T-shaped shaft is penetrated through the axis center of the bottom end of the material storage frame and is connected to limited rotation, telescopic rollers are fixedly connected to the two sides of the upper surface of the T-shaped shaft, a transmission wheel 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the T-shaped shaft, a chain is meshed and transmission-connected on the outer contour of the transmission wheel 1, a transmission wheel 2 is meshed and transmission-connected on the inner side of the other end of the chain, and the transmission wheel 2 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lower toothed disc, a transmission wheel 3 is fixedly connected on the outer contour of the middle section of the T-shaped shaft, and an extrusion groove adapted to the cam is provided on the side surface of the bottom end of the material storage frame;

[0015] The conveying mechanism includes a gear ring that is meshed and transmission-connected to the three outer contours of the transmission wheel, an opening and closing plate is fixedly connected to the outer contour of the gear ring, a limiting plate is rotatably connected to the outer contour of the gear ring, and the limiting plate is rotationally connected to the inner contour of the storage frame, a cam is provided at the bottom end of the limiting plate, and the cam is penetrated and fixedly connected to the outer contour of the T-shaped shaft.

[0016] Preferably, the air selection component includes a fan that passes through and is connected to one side of the inner contour of the sorting frame for limited rotation, a guide wheel is provided on one side of the fan and the guide wheel passes through and is connected to the middle section of the inner contour of the sorting frame for limited rotation, the fan is fixedly connected to a blowing channel and the blowing channel points to the top of the guide wheel, the bottom end of the guide wheel abuts against a partition and the partition is fixedly connected to the inner contour of the bottom end of the sorting frame, a conveyor belt is provided on the side of the guide wheel away from the fan and the conveyor belt passes through and is connected to the inner contour of the sorting frame for limited rotation.

[0017] Preferably, the compression mixing process of S2 includes the following steps:

[0018] S21, compression limit: record the weight of the material stacked on the upper surface of the limit plate, then turn the control rod clockwise to control the compression plate to descend toward the inside of the storage frame until it contacts the material to be sorted stacked on the upper surface of the limit plate, and record the descending height of the compression plate inside the storage frame at this time;

[0019] S22. Data analysis: Substitute the data recorded in S21 into the formula to analyze the material density of this batch of construction waste. The calculation formula for material density is: ρ = m / [πr 2 *(h-h1)], where:

[0020] m: the total mass of this batch of construction waste;

[0021] r: effective radius of the limit plate;

[0022] h: The vertical length between the upper surface of the limit plate and the top of the storage frame;

[0023] h1: The vertical length between the lower surface of the compression plate and the top of the storage frame when it is inside the storage frame.

[0024] Preferably, the conveying and air separation process in S3 includes the following steps:

[0025] S31, crushing and conveying: rotate the control lever counterclockwise to control the opening and closing plate to retract back into the limit plate, and the materials to be sorted piled on the upper surface of the limit plate will naturally fall down and be crushed and continuously extruded and conveyed by the cam, and record the weight change and duration of the materials piled on the upper surface of the limit plate during this process;

[0026] S32, data analysis: Substitute the data recorded in S31 into the formula to analyze the material flow of the system at this time. The calculation formula of the material flow is: Q = (m-m1) / t, where:

[0027] m1: The weight of the material piled on the upper surface of the limit plate after conveying;

[0028] t: The conveying time of this material.

[0029] Preferably, the data obtained in S2 and S3 are combined and substituted into the evaluation formula to calculate the optimal sorting wind speed for the construction waste material. The sorting purity judgment formula is specifically as follows: in:

[0030] k: confidence coefficient;

[0031] A: The cross-sectional area of ​​the extrusion slot at the bottom of the material storage frame.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The present invention sets a feeding component, which completes the addition of construction waste materials by opening and closing, while controlling the synchronous operation of the mixing component, thereby improving the degree of automation of the equipment; at the same time, it records the initial data of this batch of materials and its data changes during the air selection process.

[0034] 2. The present invention arranges a mixing component to homogenously mix and continuously convey the construction waste materials before air separation to ensure that the light and heavy materials in the materials are fully mixed and thus improve the air separation quality; and records the flow data of the materials per unit time while conveying.

[0035] 3. The present invention provides an air selection component and a control system, and while completing the air selection process of the material, dynamically adjusts the output wind speed and the size of the material flow according to the material type, thereby improving the air selection quality and effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the main structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is an explosion schematic diagram of the compression mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the control mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the stirring mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the air selection component of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the air selection component of the present invention;

[0044] Fig. 9 It is the overall workflow diagram of the present invention.

[0045] In the figure: 1. sorting frame; 2. fixing sleeve; 21. inverted L groove; 22. limiting ring; 23. connecting rod; 24. fixing rod; 25. compression plate; 26. transmission block; 27. threaded ring; 3. threaded shaft; 31. upper gear plate; 32. driving wheel; 33. lower gear plate; 34. control lever; 4. material storage frame; 41. T-shaped shaft; 42. telescopic roller; 43. transmission wheel one; 44. chain; 45. transmission wheel two; 46. transmission wheel three; 5. gear ring; 51. opening and closing plate; 52. limiting plate; 53. cam; 6. fan; 61. blowing channel; 62. guide wheel; 63. conveyor belt; 64. partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Embodiment 1:

[0048] See also Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a wind separation system for urban construction waste, comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1. Material addition: pour the construction waste materials to be sorted into the storage frame 4 and record the total mass of this batch of materials through the pressure sensor on the limit plate 52, then turn the control rod 34 clockwise to control the compression mechanism and the mixing mechanism to start working;

[0050] S2, compression and mixing: the compression mechanism starts to descend when working until the bottom of the compression plate 25 contacts the material to be sorted on the limit plate 52, and the descending height of the compression plate 25 is recorded. During this process, the stirring mechanism works synchronously to complete the homogenous stirring of the material to keep the light and heavy materials in the material fully mixed;

[0051] S3, conveying and air separation: after the mixing is completed, the control rod 34 is turned counterclockwise, and the conveying mechanism starts to work and crushes and conveys the mixed materials. The crushed materials are discharged and are blown by the air separation component during the falling process to start the sorting operation;

[0052] S4. Dynamic adjustment: During the air separation process, the current sorting effect is combined with past data to evaluate and calculate the subsequent sorting quality, and the wind speed is further adjusted dynamically based on the evaluation results to improve the analysis effect.

[0053] It includes a sorting frame 1 and a feeding component, a mixing component and a wind selection component. The feeding component includes a compression mechanism for completing the material adding process and a control mechanism for completing the regulating process. The mixing component includes a stirring mechanism for completing the material mixing process and a conveying mechanism for crushing the material.

[0054] In the present system, the addition of construction waste materials is completed by opening and closing the feeding component, while the storage space of the materials is compressed to improve the mixing effect of the subsequent mixing operation. Furthermore, the materials are stirred by the mixing component to ensure that the light and heavy materials in the materials are evenly mixed to ensure that the recorded data samples are representative; then, the mixed material is squeezed, crushed and continuously extruded by the conveying mechanism under the regulation of the control mechanism, and the extruded material is blown by the air separation component during the falling process to complete the separation process of the light and heavy materials.

[0055] Embodiment 2:

[0056] See also Figure 3-Figure 4 This embodiment further illustrates the following on the basis of the first embodiment:

[0057] The compression mechanism includes a fixed sleeve 2 set in a fixed state, an inverted L-groove 21 is provided on the outer surface of the fixed sleeve 2, a limit ring 22 is fixedly connected to the inner contour of the bottom end of the fixed sleeve 2, a connecting rod 23 is sleeved on the outer contour of the fixed sleeve 2, a fixing rod 24 is vertically penetrated and fixedly connected to the axis of the other end of the connecting rod 23, a compression plate 25 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixing rod 24, a transmission block 26 is penetrated and transmission-connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod 23, the transmission block 26 extends to the inside of the fixed sleeve 2 through the inverted L-groove 21 and is fixedly connected to a threaded ring 27, and the threaded ring 27 is limitedly slidably connected to the inner contour of the fixed sleeve 2;

[0058] The control mechanism includes a threaded shaft 3 that vertically penetrates and is screwed to the axis of the threaded ring 27, and the threaded shaft 3 vertically penetrates and is connected to the limiting ring 22 for limited rotation. The bottom end of the threaded shaft 3 is fixedly connected to an upper toothed disc 31, and the bottom end of the upper toothed disc 31 is meshed and transmission-connected to a driving wheel 32. The bottom end of the driving wheel 32 is meshed and transmission-connected to a lower toothed disc 33, and the lower toothed disc 33 is connected to the fixed sleeve 2 for limited rotation. A control rod 34 is fixedly connected to the axis of the lower toothed disc 33, and the control rod 34 penetrates the fixed sleeve 2 and extends outward.

[0059] After the construction waste materials are added into the storage frame 4 and stacked on the upper surface of the limit plate 52, the control rod 34 drives the driving wheel 32 to rotate clockwise. At this time, the upper gear plate 31 and the lower gear plate 33 rotate synchronously and in opposite directions. The upper gear plate 31 further drives the threaded shaft 3 to rotate synchronously, while the transmission block 26 is restricted by the threaded ring 27 and the inverted L-groove 21 and cannot rotate synchronously with the threaded shaft 3. At this time, the transmission block 26 drives the threaded ring 27 and further pulls the connecting rod 23, the fixing rod 24 and the compression plate 25 to descend synchronously. The compression plate 25 gradually extends into the interior of the storage frame 4 and gradually contacts the materials stacked on the upper surface of the limit plate 52. In this process, the stacking space in the storage frame 4 is gradually compressed, thereby limiting the displacement of the stacked materials on the limit plate 52 during the mixing process to improve the mixing effect.

[0060] It should be noted that since the threaded ring 27 is restricted by the shape of the inverted L-groove 21, when the transmission block 26 drives the threaded ring 27 to rise to the top along the inverted L-groove 21, the inverted L-groove 21 further prevents the threaded ring 27 from continuing to rise. At this time, the threaded shaft 3 will drive the transmission block 26, the threaded ring 27 and the connecting rod 23 to rotate synchronously, and the fixed rod 24 and the compression plate 25 are also deflected just above the material storage frame 4, that is, the material storage frame 4 is in an open state at this time, thereby realizing the function of adding materials to the inside of the material storage frame 4. When the threaded shaft 3 drives the transmission block 26 to descend, the transmission block 26 and the threaded ring 27 first rotate synchronously until the compression plate 25 re-closes the material storage frame 4, and then the transmission block 26 and the threaded ring 27 start the descending process and drive the compression plate 25 to gradually extend into the interior of the material storage frame 4.

[0061] Embodiment three:

[0062] See also Figure 5-Figure 6 This embodiment further illustrates the following on the basis of the second embodiment:

[0063] The stirring mechanism includes a material storage frame 4 whose inner diameter size is adapted to the compression plate 25, a T-shaped shaft 41 is penetrated through the axis center of the bottom end of the material storage frame 4 and is connected to limit rotation, telescopic rollers 42 are fixedly connected to the two sides of the upper surface of the T-shaped shaft 41, a transmission wheel 1 43 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the T-shaped shaft 41, a chain 44 is meshed and transmission-connected on the outer contour of the transmission wheel 1 43, a transmission wheel 2 45 is meshed and transmission-connected on the inner side of the other end of the chain 44, and the transmission wheel 2 45 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lower toothed disc 33, a transmission wheel 3 46 is fixedly connected on the outer contour of the middle section of the T-shaped shaft 41, and an extrusion groove adapted to the cam 53 is provided on the side surface of the bottom end of the material storage frame 4;

[0064] The conveying mechanism includes a gear ring 5 that is meshed and transmission-connected to the outer contour of the transmission wheel three 46, an opening and closing plate 51 is fixedly connected to the outer contour of the gear ring 5, a limiting plate 52 is rotatably connected to the outer contour of the gear ring 5, and the limiting plate 52 is rotationally connected to the inner contour of the storage frame 4, a cam 53 is provided at the bottom end of the limiting plate 52, and the cam 53 is penetrated and fixedly connected to the outer contour of the T-shaped shaft 41.

[0065] When the compression plate 25 extends into the interior of the material storage frame 4 and contacts the stacked materials on the limit plate 52, stop rotating the control rod 34 clockwise and record the extension length of the compression plate 25 at this time, then rotate the control rod 34 counterclockwise, the lower gear plate 33 drives the transmission wheel 2 45, the chain 44, the transmission wheel 1 43 and the T-shaped shaft 41 to rotate synchronously, the transmission wheel 3 46 further drives the opening and closing plate 51 to rotate synchronously, and the limit plate 52 is affected by the friction of the material storage frame 4, and it does not rotate synchronously with the opening and closing plate 51 at the beginning, until the opening and closing plate 51 shrinks into the interior of the limit plate 52, and then the opening and closing plate 51 resists and drives the limit plate 52 to rotate synchronously, during this process, the opening and closing plate 51 releases the blocking of the limit plate 52, and the stacked materials on the limit plate 52 fall into the bottom of the limit plate 52.

[0066] Subsequently, the T-shaft 41 drives the cam 53 to rotate synchronously. At this time, the rotational contact between the cam 53 and the inner wall of the storage frame 4 will continuously squeeze the material dropped from the limiting plate 52, thereby causing the material to be fully crushed, and the crushed material is further pushed by the cam 53 until it is pushed out along the extrusion groove on the storage frame 4, thereby completing the crushing and conveying process of the material.

[0067] It should be noted that during the forward and reverse rotation of the control rod 34, the lower gear plate 33 will drive the T-shaped shaft 41 and the telescopic roller 42 to rotate synchronously through the transmission wheel 2 45, the chain 44 and the transmission wheel 1 43. The forward rotation of the telescopic roller 42 can effectively realize the mixing and stirring operation of the materials stacked on the limit plate 52, and at the same time, its telescopic mechanism can further reduce the resistance encountered by the compression plate 25 in the process of extending into the material storage frame 4; at the same time, the reverse rotation of the telescopic roller 42 can effectively push the stacked materials on the limit plate 52, thereby causing them to fall and completing the crushing and conveying operation of the cam 53.

[0068] Embodiment 4:

[0069] See also Figure 7-Figure 8 This embodiment further illustrates the following on the basis of the third embodiment:

[0070] The air separation component includes a fan 6 that passes through and is connected to one side of the inner contour of the sorting frame 1 for limited rotation. A guide wheel 62 is provided on one side of the fan 6 and the guide wheel 62 passes through and is connected to the middle section of the inner contour of the sorting frame 1 for limited rotation. The fan 6 is fixedly connected to a blowing channel 61 and the blowing channel 61 points to the top of the guide wheel 62. The bottom end of the guide wheel 62 abuts against a partition 64 and the partition 64 is fixedly connected to the inner contour of the bottom end of the sorting frame 1. A conveyor belt 63 is provided on the side of the guide wheel 62 away from the fan 6 and the conveyor belt 63 passes through and is connected to the inner contour of the sorting frame 1 for limited rotation.

[0071] The crushed material begins to fall naturally after passing through the extrusion slot on the storage frame 4. At this time, the wind direction blown out by the storage frame 4 is restricted by the T-shaped shaft 41 and then directly contacts the material in the falling process, thereby completing the separation process of light and heavy materials in the material. The light material is blown to the surface of the guide wheel 62 and is thrown out by the rotation of the guide wheel 62 and further falls to the surface of the conveyor belt 63. Then, under the downward conveying action of the conveyor belt 63, the light material is gradually accumulated inside the sorting frame 1; while the heavy material is difficult to be blown, it will continue to fall and accumulate inside the sorting frame 1, and the light and heavy materials are separated by the partition 64.

[0072] Embodiment five:

[0073] See also Fig. 9 This embodiment further illustrates the following on the basis of the fourth embodiment:

[0074] The compression mixing process of S2 includes the following steps:

[0075] S21, compression limit: record the weight of the material stacked on the upper surface of the limit plate 52, then rotate the control rod 34 clockwise to control the compression plate 25 to descend toward the inside of the storage frame 4 until it contacts the material to be sorted stacked on the upper surface of the limit plate 52, and record the descending height of the compression plate 25 inside the storage frame 4 at this time;

[0076] S22. Data analysis: Substitute the data recorded in S21 into the formula to analyze the material density of this batch of construction waste. The calculation formula for material density is: ρ = m / [πr 2 *(h-h1)], where:

[0077] m: the total mass of this batch of construction waste;

[0078] r: effective radius of the limit plate 52;

[0079] h: the vertical length between the upper surface of the limiting plate 52 and the top of the material storage frame 4;

[0080] h1: The vertical length between the lower surface of the compression plate 25 and the top of the material storage frame 4 when the lower surface is inside the material storage frame 4.

[0081] The conveying and air separation process of S3 includes the following steps:

[0082] S31, crushing and conveying: the control rod 34 is rotated counterclockwise to control the opening and closing plate 51 to retract into the limiting plate 52, and the materials to be sorted piled on the upper surface of the limiting plate 52 fall naturally and are crushed and continuously extruded and conveyed by the cam 53, and the weight change and duration of the materials piled on the upper surface of the limiting plate 52 are recorded during this process;

[0083] S32, data analysis: Substitute the data recorded in S31 into the formula to analyze the material flow of the system at this time. The calculation formula of the material flow is: Q = (m-m1) / t, where:

[0084] m1: the weight of the material piled on the upper surface of the limit plate 52 after conveying;

[0085] t: The conveying time of this material.

[0086] Combining the data obtained in S2 and S3, the optimal wind speed for sorting construction waste materials is calculated by substituting them into the evaluation formula. The specific formula for judging the sorting purity is: in:

[0087] k: confidence coefficient;

[0088] A: The cross-sectional area of ​​the extrusion slot at the bottom of the material storage frame 4.

[0089] Due to the different proportions of light and heavy materials in different construction waste materials, when the proportion of light materials in the waste is large, a lower wind speed is required to avoid blowing up the heavy materials. When the proportion of heavy materials in the waste is large, a higher wind speed is required to effectively separate the light materials. In other words, the wind speed needs to be dynamically adjusted according to the density of the material to be sorted in order to fully ensure the sorting efficiency and quality of the air separation operation.

[0090] Therefore, the density of the material to be sorted is analyzed through step S2, and the proportion of light and heavy materials in the material can be further calculated through the density. The more light materials account for, the lower the material density is, and the lower the corresponding optimal sorting wind speed requirement is; the smaller the proportion of light materials is, the higher the material density is, and the greater the corresponding optimal sorting wind speed requirement is.

[0091] It should be noted that the total mass m of the material has been measured. When the compression plate 25 extends into the storage frame 4, gradually descends and contacts the stacked materials on the upper surface of the limit plate 52, the space occupied by the material is the part of the storage frame 4 between the compression plate 25 and the limit plate 52. The vertical distance from the limit plate 52 to the top of the storage frame 4 is a fixed value, and the size of the limit plate 52 is also a fixed value, that is, the values ​​of r and h do not change, and the vertical distance h1 from the compression plate 25 to the top of the storage frame 4 is the descending height of the compression plate 25, which is measured synchronously, so that the density of this batch of materials can be further calculated according to the formula.

[0092] Furthermore, since the opening size of the extrusion slot on the storage frame 4 is a fixed value, that is, the value of A does not change, it can be seen from the calculation process of the evaluation formula that the smaller the proportion of lightweight materials, the smaller ρ, and the optimal sorting wind speed v is reduced; similarly, the slower the rotation speed of the T-shaft 41, the smaller the reduction in the mass of the stacked materials on the limit plate 52 per unit time, that is, the smaller the value of m-m1, the smaller Q, and the optimal sorting wind speed v is reduced synchronously.

[0093] It should be noted that the value of k in the evaluation formula is calculated using the previous sorting purity data combined with the autoregressive model. The current sorting quality is analyzed based on the current sorting purity and the value of k in the subsequent evaluation formula is dynamically adjusted.

[0094] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wind separation system for urban construction waste, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, material addition: pour the construction waste materials to be sorted into the material storage frame (4) and record the total mass of this batch of materials through the pressure sensor on the limit plate (52), and then turn the control rod (34) clockwise to control the compression mechanism and the mixing mechanism to start working; S2, compression and mixing: the compression mechanism starts to descend when working until the bottom of the compression plate (25) contacts the material to be sorted on the limit plate (52), and the descending height of the compression plate (25) is recorded. During this process, the stirring mechanism works synchronously to complete the homogenous stirring of the material to keep the light and heavy materials in the material fully mixed; S3, conveying and air separation: after the mixing is completed, the control lever (34) is turned counterclockwise, and the conveying mechanism starts to work and crushes and conveys the mixed materials. The crushed materials are discharged and are blown by the air separation component during the falling process to start the sorting operation; S4. Dynamic adjustment: During the air separation process, the current sorting effect is combined with past data to evaluate and calculate the subsequent sorting quality, and the wind speed is further adjusted dynamically based on the evaluation results to improve the analysis effect.

2. The urban construction waste air separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a sorting frame (1) and a feeding component, a mixing component and a wind selection component. The feeding component comprises a compression mechanism for completing a material adding process and a control mechanism for completing a regulating process. The mixing component comprises a stirring mechanism for completing a material mixing process and a conveying mechanism for crushing the material.

3. The urban construction waste air separation system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The compression mechanism comprises a fixed sleeve (2) arranged in a fixed state, the outer surface of the fixed sleeve (2) is provided with an inverted L-shaped groove (21), a limiting ring (22) is fixedly connected to the inner contour of the bottom end of the fixed sleeve (2), a connecting rod (23) is sleeved on the outer contour of the fixed sleeve (2), a fixing rod (24) is vertically penetrated and fixedly connected to the axis of the other end of the connecting rod (23), a compression plate (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixing rod (24), a transmission block (26) is penetrated and transmission-connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod (23), the transmission block (26) passes through the inverted L-shaped groove (21) and extends to the inside of the fixed sleeve (2) and is fixedly connected to a threaded ring (27), and the threaded ring (27) is limitedly slidably connected to the inner contour of the fixed sleeve (2); The control mechanism comprises a threaded shaft (3) vertically penetrating and screwed to the axis of the threaded ring (27), and the threaded shaft (3) vertically penetrates and is connected to the limiting ring (22) for limited rotation, the bottom end of the threaded shaft (3) is fixedly connected to an upper toothed disc (31), the bottom end of the upper toothed disc (31) is meshed and transmission-connected to a driving wheel (32), the bottom end of the driving wheel (32) is meshed and transmission-connected to a lower toothed disc (33), and the lower toothed disc (33) is connected to the fixed sleeve (2) for limited rotation, and a control rod (34) is fixedly connected to the axis of the lower toothed disc (33), and the control rod (34) penetrates the fixed sleeve (2) and extends outward.

4. The urban construction waste air separation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism comprises a material storage frame (4) whose inner diameter size is adapted to the compression plate (25); a T-shaped shaft (41) is penetrated through the axis center of the bottom end of the material storage frame (4) and is connected to the limited rotation; telescopic rollers (42) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the upper surface of the T-shaped shaft (41); a transmission wheel 1 (43) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the T-shaped shaft (41); a chain (44) is meshed and transmission-connected on the outer contour of the transmission wheel 1 (43); a transmission wheel 2 (45) is meshed and transmission-connected on the inner side of the other end of the chain (44); and the transmission wheel 2 (45) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lower toothed disc (33); a transmission wheel 3 (46) is fixedly connected on the outer contour of the middle section of the T-shaped shaft (41); and an extrusion groove adapted to the cam (53) is provided on the side surface of the bottom end of the material storage frame (4); The conveying mechanism comprises a gear ring (5) meshing with and drivingly connected to the outer contour of the transmission wheel three (46); an opening and closing plate (51) is fixedly connected to the outer contour of the gear ring (5); a limiting plate (52) is rotatably connected to the outer contour of the gear ring (5), and the limiting plate (52) is rotatably connected to the inner contour of the material storage frame (4); a cam (53) is provided at the bottom end of the limiting plate (52), and the cam (53) is penetrated and fixedly connected to the outer contour of the T-shaped shaft (41).

5. The urban construction waste air separation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air selection component comprises a fan (6) that penetrates and is connected to one side of the inner contour of the sorting frame (1) in a limited rotation manner; a guide wheel (62) is provided on one side of the fan (6) and the guide wheel (62) penetrates and is connected to the middle section of the inner contour of the sorting frame (1) in a limited rotation manner; the fan (6) is fixedly connected to a blowing channel (61) and the blowing channel (61) points to the top of the guide wheel (62); the bottom end of the guide wheel (62) abuts against a partition (64) and the partition (64) is fixedly connected to the inner contour of the bottom end of the sorting frame (1); a conveyor belt (63) is provided on the side of the guide wheel (62) away from the fan (6) and the conveyor belt (63) penetrates and is connected to the inner contour of the sorting frame (1) in a limited rotation manner.

6. The urban construction waste air separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression mixing process of S2 includes the following steps: S21, compression limit: record the weight of the material stacked on the upper surface of the limit plate (52), then rotate the control rod (34) clockwise to control the compression plate (25) to descend toward the inside of the storage frame (4) until it contacts the material to be sorted stacked on the upper surface of the limit plate (52), and record the descending height of the compression plate (25) inside the storage frame (4) at this time; S22. Data analysis: Substitute the data recorded in S21 into the formula to analyze the material density of this batch of construction waste. The calculation formula for material density is: ρ = m / [πr 2 *(h-h1)], where: m: the total mass of this batch of construction waste; r: effective radius of the limiting plate (52); h: the vertical length between the upper surface of the limiting plate (52) and the top of the material storage frame (4); h1: The vertical length between the lower surface of the compression plate (25) and the top of the material storage frame (4) when the lower surface is inside the material storage frame (4).

7. The urban construction waste air separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying and air separation process of S3 includes the following steps: S31, crushing and conveying: the control rod (34) is rotated counterclockwise to control the opening and closing plate (51) to retract into the inside of the limiting plate (52), and the materials to be sorted piled on the upper surface of the limiting plate (52) naturally fall down and are crushed and continuously extruded and conveyed by the cam (53), and the weight change and duration of the materials piled on the upper surface of the limiting plate (52) are recorded during this process; S32, data analysis: Substitute the data recorded in S31 into the formula to analyze the material flow of the system at this time. The calculation formula of the material flow is: Q = (m-m1) / t, where: m1: the weight of the material piled on the upper surface of the limit plate (52) after conveying; t: The conveying time of this material.

8. The urban construction waste air separation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Combining the data obtained in S2 and S3, the optimal wind speed for sorting construction waste materials is calculated by substituting them into the evaluation formula. The specific formula for judging the sorting purity is: in: k: confidence coefficient; A: The cross-sectional area of ​​the extrusion slot at the bottom of the material storage frame (4).

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