Polishing device of hub surface defect detection system

Abstract

The invention discloses a polishing device of a hub surface defect detection system, which comprises a front polishing mechanism for polishing when acquiring a front image of a hub, a side polishing mechanism for polishing when acquiring a side image of the hub, and a back polishing mechanism for polishing when acquiring an inner cavity image of the hub, the front lighting mechanism comprises a first light source and a plurality of area light sources, all the area light sources define a containing cavity for containing the first light source and the first camera, the first light source is a strip-shaped combined light source, and the first light source and the first camera are controlled by the robot to move. According to the lighting device of the hub surface defect detection system, the surface light source fixedly installed on the front face provides uniform background lighting, uniform light distribution is ensured, and reflected light and shadows are reduced; the strip-shaped combined light source can adjust the lighting position and posture along with the robot, the lighting requirements of different positions, different angles and different defects can be met, and the hub surface image collection quality and the defect detection accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wheel hub detection, and in particular relates to a polishing device for a wheel hub surface defect detection system. Background Art

[0002] In the manufacturing process of wheel hubs, a key automotive component, surface defect detection plays a pivotal role, which is directly related to the safety performance and service life of the product. Although the traditional manual visual inspection method is intuitive and easy to implement, its limitations cannot be ignored. Manual inspection is not only slow and difficult to adapt to the needs of large-scale production, but also prone to missed inspections or false inspections due to factors such as human eye fatigue, distraction, and subjective judgment differences, which seriously affects the reliability and consistency of inspections.

[0003] In recent years, with the rapid development of computer vision and artificial intelligence technology, automatic inspection systems based on machine vision have begun to emerge and gradually become a new choice for improving the efficiency and accuracy of wheel surface defect detection. Such systems use high-resolution cameras to capture wheel surface images, and then use advanced image processing algorithms to analyze these images, automatically identifying and marking various surface defects such as scratches, cracks, and dents, greatly improving the objectivity and efficiency of detection.

[0004] However, the effectiveness of machine vision systems is highly dependent on the quality of image acquisition, which is directly affected by lighting conditions. Ideal lighting can highlight surface features, making defects more obvious in the image, making it easier for algorithms to identify. On the contrary, uneven or unstable lighting can cause problems such as shadows and reflections, making defect areas unclear, increasing detection difficulties, and even leading to misjudgment.

[0005] As an important part of the vehicle's appearance, wheels not only play a key role in functionality, but are also increasingly valued for their aesthetics. Wheels come in many different colors, ranging from silver to black, and sometimes both silver and black, making it more difficult to photograph defects. In addition, some wheels use highly reflective materials to treat their surfaces, making defects even more difficult to photograph. In addition to the diversity in color, wheels come in a variety of surface shapes, and many wheels have a wide range of curved surface variations. Due to the combination of different colors, high reflectivity, and diverse surface shapes, lighting and photographing wheel surface defects is an important difficulty in defect detection.

[0006] The Chinese patent application number 201711329343.2 discloses an automobile wheel hub defect detection device based on image processing, including a controller, a bottom plate, a top plate, a front baffle, a rear baffle and a plurality of columns, wherein the rear baffle is provided with a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a first motor for driving a friction roller; a telescopic cylinder is fixed to the front baffle, a second motor is fixed to the movable end of the telescopic cylinder, a first rotating plate is fixed to the motor shaft of the second motor, a first mounting substrate and a second mounting substrate are fixed to the first rotating plate, a first light source and a first image acquisition device are installed on the first mounting substrate, and a first vacuum cleaner is installed on the second mounting substrate; a third motor is provided at the top plate, a second rotating plate is fixed to the motor shaft of the third motor, and a second light source, a second image acquisition device and a second vacuum cleaner are provided at the second rotating plate.

[0007] It is hoped to provide a wheel hub surface defect detection system polishing device, particularly with regard to how to improve the wheel hub surface image acquisition quality and defect detection accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a wheel hub surface defect detection system polishing device, the purpose of which is to improve the wheel hub surface image acquisition quality and defect detection accuracy.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a lighting device for a wheel hub surface defect detection system, including a front lighting mechanism for lighting when collecting a front image of the wheel hub, a side lighting mechanism for lighting when collecting a side image of the wheel hub, and a back lighting mechanism for lighting when collecting an inner cavity image of the wheel hub, the front lighting mechanism includes a first light source and multiple surface light sources, all of the surface light sources surround to form a receiving cavity for accommodating the first light source and the first camera, the first light source is a strip-shaped combined light source, and the first light source and the first camera are configured to be moved by a robot control.

[0010] The surface light source is arranged vertically.

[0011] The accommodating cavity is a rectangular cavity, and the surface light sources are arranged on all four sides of the accommodating cavity. During the shooting process of the first camera, the surface light sources on all four sides remain turned on.

[0012] The first light source is composed of 4 light-emitting units, which are strip-shaped light sources. The 4 light-emitting units form a square frame, and the first camera is placed at the center of the square frame. The light-emitting unit is connected to the first motor, and the first motor controls the light-emitting unit to rotate to adjust the lighting angle of the light-emitting unit.

[0013] The side lighting mechanism includes a second light source, and the second light source is a bar-shaped light source.

[0014] The side lighting mechanism also includes a motion adjustment mechanism for adjusting the lighting angle of the second light source, and the motion adjustment mechanism is connected to the second light source and the second camera.

[0015] The motion adjustment mechanism includes a column, a second bracket and a second motor arranged on the second bracket, a linear slide for controlling the second bracket to move linearly is arranged on the column, the linear slide is connected to the second bracket, and the second camera is installed on the second bracket; The second light source is connected to the second motor, and the second motor controls the second light source to rotate, thereby adjusting the lighting angle of the second light source.

[0016] The back lighting mechanism includes a third light source, which is a high-brightness line light source and is located below the wheel hub to be measured.

[0017] The back lighting mechanism also includes a motion lifting mechanism for adjusting the height of the third light source and the third camera, and the motion lifting mechanism is connected to the third light source and the third camera.

[0018] The third camera is a line scan camera.

[0019] The lighting device of the wheel hub surface defect detection system of the present invention uses a fixedly installed surface light source and a strip-shaped combined light source that moves with the robot for lighting on the front side. The fixedly installed surface light source provides uniform background lighting, ensures uniform light distribution, and reduces reflections and shadows. The strip-shaped combined light source can adjust the lighting position and posture with the robot, can adapt to the lighting requirements of different positions, different angles and different defects, and can improve the quality of wheel hub surface image acquisition and the accuracy of defect detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] This specification includes the following drawings, which show the following contents: Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the front lighting mechanism; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the side lighting mechanism; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the back lighting mechanism; Marked in the figure are: 1. first light source; 2. surface light source; 3. wheel hub to be measured; 4. robot; 5. motion adjustment mechanism; 6. second camera; 7. motion lifting mechanism; 8. second light source; 9. third light source; 10. third camera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are further explained in detail below by describing the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, with the aim of helping those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the concept and technical solution of the present invention and facilitating its implementation.

[0022] It should be noted that, in the following embodiments, the “first”, “second” and “third” mentioned do not represent an absolute distinction in structure and / or function, nor do they represent a sequence of execution, but are merely for the convenience of description.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a wheel hub surface defect detection system lighting device, including a front lighting mechanism for lighting when collecting a front image of the wheel hub, a side lighting mechanism for lighting when collecting a side image of the wheel hub, and a back lighting mechanism for lighting when collecting an inner cavity image of the wheel hub. Specifically, the front and back of the wheel hub are the opposite surfaces on the axial direction of the hub, the inner cavity of the hub refers to the circular cavity inside the hub, the side of the wheel hub refers to the outer cylindrical surface of the hub, and the tire is installed on the side of the wheel hub. In the present invention, different lighting methods are used for different areas of the front, side and back of the hub, which can better detect the characteristics of different areas of the hub; in the present invention, the lighting scheme used can adapt to the morphology of high-reflective paint surfaces of different colors, and the defect picture effect is better; in the present invention, for different curved surface change areas on the hub surface, not only the robot automatically plans and adjusts the position angle of the lighting, but also the actuator directly adjusts the angle of the light source and the color brightness of the light source to meet the lighting requirements of different defects.

[0024] The present invention aims to solve the lighting problem in the wheel hub surface automatic defect detection system and provide comprehensive and uniform lighting, thereby improving the wheel hub surface image acquisition quality and the accuracy of defect detection.

[0025] In the present invention, a dedicated light source structure is designed according to the different shape features of the front, side and back surfaces of the wheel hub, combined with a flexible camera arrangement to achieve high-precision, all-round defect detection.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the front lighting mechanism includes a first light source 1 and a plurality of surface light sources 2. All the surface light sources 2 surround a cavity for accommodating the first light source 1 and the first camera. The first light source 1 is a bar-shaped combined light source, and the first light source 1 and the first camera are configured to be controlled and moved by a robot 4. The first light source 1 and the first camera are mounted on the end effector of the robot 4. The robot 4 is a six-degree-of-freedom robot with a wide operating range, good flexibility, and high polishing efficiency. The industrial robot is used to adjust the position and posture of the first light source 1 and the first camera when collecting the front image of the wheel hub.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, the surface light source 2 is vertically arranged and mounted on the first bracket. The accommodating cavity is a rectangular cavity, and the surface light sources 2 are arranged around the accommodating cavity. After the measured wheel hub is moved to the bottom of the accommodating cavity, the front image of the measured wheel hub can be collected. During the shooting process of the first camera, the surface light sources 2 around remain turned on, and the measured wheel hub is in a horizontal state. At this time, the axis of the measured wheel hub is a vertical line, and the front is the top surface of the measured wheel hub.

[0028] In the front lighting mechanism, a large-area surface light source 2 and a strip-shaped combined light source are used. The size of the surface light source 2 is 800mm×800mm, which is installed around the dark box of the equipment to provide uniform background lighting. The surface light source 2 is covered with a diffuse reflection plate that matches the width of the dark box to ensure uniform light distribution and reduce reflections and shadows. The first light source 1 is a strip-shaped combined light source, which is composed of 4 light-emitting units with a size of 100mm×30mm. The light-emitting unit is a strip-shaped light source installed at the end of the robot 4. The 4 light-emitting units form a square frame (each light-emitting unit is located on one side of the square), and the first camera is placed at the center of the square frame, that is, the 4 light-emitting units are distributed around the first camera. Each light-emitting unit can independently adjust the brightness and color to adapt to the wheel hub surface of different shapes and colors. The first camera is fixed in the strip-shaped combined light source frame. The position and angle of the first camera and the strip-shaped combined light source can be flexibly adjusted through the robot 4 arm to shoot the defect position on the front of the wheel hub. During the shooting process, the surrounding surface light sources 2 remain turned on to provide a stable lighting environment, which can improve the wheel hub surface image acquisition quality and defect detection accuracy.

[0029] Preferably, the light-emitting unit constituting the first light source 1 is connected to the first motor, and the first motor controls the light-emitting unit to rotate, thereby adjusting the lighting angle of the light-emitting unit. Each light source can be adaptively adjusted according to different position angles and height changes of the hub surface, so as to collect better defect images for detection.

[0030] The color and brightness of the light-emitting unit can be adjusted. The light-emitting unit is connected to the light source controller, and the light source controller is connected to the host computer. The built-in control software of the host computer sends the control instructions to the light source controller through serial communication according to the detected wheel hub model and the photographed defect location. The light source controller adjusts the switch and voltage and current of the corresponding LED lamp beads in the light-emitting unit to control the brightness and color of the light source.

[0031] The position control of the first light source 1 is through the robot position and posture control. The first light source 1 is installed at the end of the robot 4. According to the position of the hub defect to be photographed, the upper computer software sends the planned robot position and posture to the robot 4, and the robot 4 moves to the specified position and posture.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, the side lighting mechanism includes a second light source 8, which is a bar light source. The size of the second light source 8 is 300mm×30mm. The second light source 8 is used to illuminate the side of the hub in an oblique direction, and the second light source 8 is set vertically. The light source supports simultaneous control of brightness and color to meet different detection requirements.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the side lighting mechanism also includes a motion adjustment mechanism 5 for adjusting the lighting angle of the second light source 8, and the motion adjustment mechanism 5 is connected to the second light source 8 and the second camera 6. The second light source 8 and the second camera 6 are facing the side of the measured hub. During the shooting process of the second camera 6, the second light source 8 remains turned on, the measured hub is in a horizontal state, and the axis of the measured hub is a vertical line, and the measured hub rotates around the axis.

[0034] Preferably, two second light sources 8 are provided, and the lighting angles of the two second light sources 8 can be adjusted simultaneously by the motion adjustment mechanism 5 to ensure that the light emitted by the second light source 8 can evenly cover the entire side of the measured wheel hub and reduce the shadow area.

[0035] The second camera 6 is also mounted on the motion adjustment mechanism 5, and the relative position of the second camera 6 and the second light source 8 remains unchanged. When the second camera 6 takes pictures, the wheel hub to be measured rotates, and the second camera 6 and the second light source 8 remain relatively still to take defect pictures of the entire side of the wheel hub.

[0036] The motion adjustment mechanism 5 includes a column, a second bracket and a second motor arranged on the second bracket. A linear slide for controlling the second bracket to move linearly is arranged on the column. The linear slide is connected to the second bracket, and the second camera 6 is installed on the second bracket. The linear slide controls the second bracket to move linearly, and the second bracket drives the second motor and the second light source 8 to move synchronously, so as to adjust the distance between the second motor and the second light source 8 and the side of the wheel hub. During the detection process, the host computer obtains the wheel hub diameter according to the wheel hub model, calculates the distance that the second light source 8 and the second camera 6 need to move, and sends the distance information to the PLC control system. The PLC control system controls the linear slide to work and moves the second light source 8 and the second camera 6 to the specified position.

[0037] Preferably, the second light source 8 is connected to the second motor, and the second motor controls the second light source 8 to rotate, so as to adjust the lighting angle of the second light source 8. Each light source can be adaptively adjusted according to different position angles and height changes of the hub surface, so as to collect better defect images for detection.

[0038] The color and brightness of the second light source 8 are adjustable. The second light source 8 is connected to the light source controller, and the light source controller is connected to the host computer. The built-in control software of the host computer sends the control instructions to the light source controller through serial port communication according to the detected wheel hub model and the photographed defect position. The light source controller adjusts the switch and voltage and current of the corresponding LED lamp beads in the second light source 8 to control the brightness and color of the light source.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the back lighting mechanism includes a third light source 9, which is a high-brightness line light source. The third light source 9 is located below the back of the wheel hub being measured. The third light source 9 is a high-brightness line light source: fixedly installed, providing high-intensity, linear lighting, used to illuminate the inner cavity of the wheel hub. The brightness and color of the light source can be fine-tuned according to the wheel hub material and background color to achieve the best lighting effect.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the back lighting mechanism also includes a motion lifting mechanism 7, which is used to adjust the height position of the third light source 9 and the third camera 10. The third camera 10 is a line scanning camera. The third camera 10 is fixedly installed and cooperates with the line light source to obtain a high-definition image of the inner cavity of the wheel hub through continuous scanning. The measured wheel hub rotates at a constant speed around its axis during the scanning process to ensure that the camera can capture the details of each position of the inner cavity of the wheel hub.

[0041] The third light source 9 and the third camera 10 are facing the inner cavity of the measured wheel hub, and the third light source 9 and the third camera 10 are located at the lower back of the measured wheel hub. During the shooting process of the third camera 10, the third light source 9 remains on, and the measured wheel hub is in a horizontal state. At this time, the axis of the measured wheel hub is a vertical line, and the measured wheel hub rotates around the axis.

[0042] Preferably, the motion lifting mechanism 7 includes a fixed frame, a third bracket and a third motor disposed on the third bracket, a driving mechanism for controlling the lifting of the third bracket is disposed on the fixed frame, and the third camera 10 is mounted on the third bracket. The third light source 9 is connected to the third motor, and the third motor controls the third light source 9 to rotate, so as to adjust the lighting angle of the third light source 9, and each light source can be adaptively adjusted according to different position angles and height changes of the hub surface, so as to collect better defect images for detection.

[0043] The color and brightness of the third light source 9 are adjustable. The third light source 9 is connected to the light source controller, and the light source controller is connected to the host computer. The built-in control software of the host computer sends the control instructions to the light source controller through serial port communication according to the detected wheel hub model and the photographed defect position. The light source controller adjusts the switch and voltage and current of the corresponding LED lamp beads in the third light source 9 to control the brightness and color of the light source.

[0044] In the present invention, by designing a dedicated light source structure and camera arrangement according to the different features of the front, side and back surfaces of the wheel hub, combined with a flexible mechanical adjustment structure and advanced image processing algorithms, all-round and high-precision defect detection of the wheel hub is achieved, effectively improving the detection efficiency and accuracy.

[0045] The wheel hub surface defect detection system polishing device of the above structure has the following advantages: The present invention achieves comprehensive and uniform lighting of the hub surface by optimizing the light source layout and adjustment mechanism, thereby improving the image acquisition quality and the accuracy of defect detection.

[0046] The light source unit has the advantages of adjustable position, angle, color, brightness, etc., and can adapt to defects of different types and shapes, reducing operating costs and maintenance costs.

[0047] The adjustment mechanism is driven by a motor, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the light source assembly during the adjustment process; the control system is integrated into the host computer software, which is intelligent and user-friendly, making it convenient for users to operate and monitor.

[0048] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned methods. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention; or the above-mentioned concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The wheel hub surface defect detection system polishing device is characterized by: It includes a front lighting mechanism for lighting when capturing a front image of the wheel hub, a side lighting mechanism for lighting when capturing a side image of the wheel hub, and a back lighting mechanism for lighting when capturing an inner cavity image of the wheel hub. The front lighting mechanism includes a first light source and multiple surface light sources. All the surface light sources surround a receiving cavity for accommodating the first light source and a first camera. The first light source is a strip-shaped combined light source, and the first light source and the first camera are configured to be moved by a robot.

2. The wheel hub surface defect detection system polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface light source is arranged vertically.

3. The wheel hub surface defect detection system polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The accommodating cavity is a rectangular cavity, and the surface light sources are arranged around the accommodating cavity. During the shooting process of the first camera, the surface light sources around the cavity remain in an on state.

4. The wheel hub surface defect detection system polishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first light source is composed of 4 light-emitting units, which are strip-shaped light sources. The 4 light-emitting units form a square frame, and the first camera is placed at the center of the square frame. The light-emitting unit is connected to the first motor, and the first motor controls the light-emitting unit to rotate to adjust the lighting angle of the light-emitting unit.

5. The wheel hub surface defect detection system polishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The side lighting mechanism includes a second light source, and the second light source is a bar-shaped light source.

6. The wheel hub surface defect detection system polishing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side lighting mechanism also includes a motion adjustment mechanism for adjusting the lighting angle of the second light source, and the motion adjustment mechanism is connected to the second light source and the second camera.

7. The wheel hub surface defect detection system polishing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The motion adjustment mechanism includes a column, a second bracket and a second motor arranged on the second bracket, a linear slide for controlling the second bracket to move linearly is arranged on the column, the linear slide is connected to the second bracket, and the second camera is installed on the second bracket; The second light source is connected to the second motor, and the second motor controls the second light source to rotate, thereby adjusting the lighting angle of the second light source.

8. The wheel hub surface defect detection system polishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The back lighting mechanism includes a third light source, which is a high-brightness line light source and is located below the wheel hub to be measured.

9. The wheel hub surface defect detection system polishing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The back lighting mechanism also includes a motion lifting mechanism for adjusting the height of the third light source and the third camera, and the motion lifting mechanism is connected to the third light source and the third camera.

10. The wheel hub surface defect detection system polishing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The third camera is a line scan camera.

Images