Testing device for detecting surface defects of photovoltaic panel

Abstract

The invention discloses a testing device for photovoltaic panel surface defect detection, and relates to the field of photovoltaic panels, the testing device comprises a base and a frame, a sliding plate is slidably arranged in the base, a clamping bottom plate is rotatably arranged at the top of the sliding plate, a first insertion rod is elastically connected to the clamping bottom plate, a clamping plate is arranged on the inner side of the clamping bottom plate, and a second insertion rod is elastically connected to the clamping plate. A clamping top plate is connected to the other end of the first inserting rod, an adjusting pulley is rotationally arranged at the top of the clamping top plate, a special-shaped groove is formed in the inner side of the frame, and tooth blocks are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the base. Under the action of a special-shaped groove and an adjusting pulley, a clamping top plate conducts limiting clamping on a photovoltaic panel in the vertical direction, limiting clamping in the horizontal direction is conducted under the cooperation of a first inserting rod and a second inserting rod, and the photovoltaic panel is driven to rotate by 90 degrees under the cooperation of a transmission mechanism; and the two sides of the photovoltaic panel are cleaned under the cooperation of the controller and the nozzles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic panels, and in particular to a testing device for detecting surface defects of photovoltaic panels. Background Art

[0002] As the main source of energy on the earth, solar energy has attracted much attention due to its clean, safe, abundant and renewable characteristics. The development and utilization of solar photovoltaic panels have made a considerable contribution to the protection of the earth's environment. The application of solar photovoltaic panels developed based on solar energy is becoming more and more extensive. Solar photovoltaic panels are the core part of the solar power generation system. Their function is to convert solar energy into electrical energy, or send it to batteries for storage, or drive loads.

[0003] In the actual production process, existing solar photovoltaic panels need to pass the quality inspection before they can be shipped out of the factory. There are often some cracks in the production and transportation of photovoltaic panels. These cracks are usually caused by stress in the manufacturing process or mechanical impact during transportation and installation. They may cause the efficiency of photovoltaic cells to decrease, seriously affect the electrical performance, and even cause battery failure. Therefore, detecting cracks on the surface of photovoltaic panels is a very critical step in the quality control of photovoltaic panels, especially small cracks, because they may have a significant impact on the performance of photovoltaic cells. Most of the existing defect detection devices are performed through optical scanning components, and cracks are detected by changes in reflected light. The light reflection characteristics at the crack are different from those in the normal area, so the position and shape of the crack can be detected. However, in the actual operation, in order to prevent the photovoltaic panel itself from being displaced during the detection process, it is usually necessary for the staff to manually limit the photovoltaic panel. After the optical scanning component completes the single-sided detection of the photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel is flipped after the limit clamp is disassembled, and then the limit clamp is performed again until both sides of the photovoltaic panel are inspected.

[0004] In summary, the above structure requires the staff to disassemble and assemble the photovoltaic panel many times during actual use, which greatly reduces the overall detection efficiency and increases the workload of the staff. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a testing device for detecting surface defects of photovoltaic panels, so as to solve the technical problem that during actual use, workers are required to disassemble and assemble photovoltaic panels back and forth many times, which greatly reduces the overall detection efficiency and increases the workload of workers.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a test device for detecting surface defects of photovoltaic panels, comprising a base and a frame, a sliding plate is slidably arranged in the base, a clamping base plate is rotatably arranged on the top of the sliding plate, a first plug rod is elastically connected to the clamping base plate, a clamping plate cooperating with the first plug rod is slidably and symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the clamping base plate, and a clamping top plate is connected to the other end of the first plug rod, an adjusting pulley is rotatably arranged on the top of the clamping top plate, and a special-shaped groove cooperating with the adjusting pulley is provided on the inner side of the frame, a tooth block is symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the base, and a fixed gear is located in the sliding plate and meshed with the tooth block, one end of the fixed gear is connected to a rotating shaft through a transmission mechanism, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to the clamping base plate, and an array nozzle is arranged on the top of the sliding plate at the clamping base plate.

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, under the action of the special-shaped groove and the adjusting pulley, the clamping top plate moves downward to limit the clamping of the photovoltaic panel in the vertical direction. At the same time, under the cooperation of the first plug rod and the second plug rod, the clamping plate limits the clamping of the bottom of the photovoltaic panel in the horizontal direction. Through the cooperation with the transmission mechanism, the clamping bottom plate and the clamping top plate drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate 90 degrees. Under the cooperation of the controller and the nozzle, both sides of the photovoltaic panel are cleaned, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the subsequent optical scanning component on the photovoltaic panel. After the detection is completed, it is reset under the action of another set of gear blocks, and the nozzle is sealed again.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that a slide groove is provided on the inner side of the base, and a rodless cylinder cooperating with the sliding plate is installed in the slide groove.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the speed at which the sliding plate is driven to slide back and forth in the base is achieved under the action of the rodless cylinder, thereby improving the overall detection efficiency of the device.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: a piston cylinder cooperating with the nozzle is installed in the sliding plate, a piston is slidably arranged in the piston cylinder, and a push plate is elastically connected to one end of the piston, one end of the push plate passes through the piston cylinder and is rotatably connected to a rotating wheel, and a corrugated groove cooperating with the rotating wheel is arranged on the other side of the tooth block in the sliding groove.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, in the process of the sliding plate sliding through the rodless cylinder, the rotating wheel will drive the push plate to slide back and forth through the action of the corrugated groove. In this process, the piston completes the reciprocating motion in the piston cylinder, thereby realizing the cleaning work of the surface of the photovoltaic panel by the nozzle. In this process, there is no need for manual control of the start and stop of the nozzle, which reduces the overall detection cost and improves the detection efficiency.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that a second plug rod is symmetrically arranged on one side of the clamping plate, and the connection between the second plug rod and one end of the first plug rod is arranged in an arc shape.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, one end of the first plug rod will contact the second plug rod during the downward movement of the first plug rod. Since the contact surfaces of the two are both arc-shaped, the second plug rod is squeezed during the sliding process, so that the clamping plate slides inward for clamping.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that a limiting plate is detachably provided on the inner wall of the clamping top plate, and the outer wall of the limiting plate is provided in an opening shape.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the limit plate itself is made of flexible material. During the insertion of the photovoltaic panel, the limit plate can ensure that the photovoltaic panel is in a vertical state and is located on the inner side of the clamping top plate. The open setting facilitates the photovoltaic panel to slide smoothly to the inner side of the limit plate, thereby completing the subsequent clamping work.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that the transmission mechanism includes a driving disk, a transmission belt and a driven disk, the driving disk and the driven disk are connected by a transmission belt, one end of the fixed gear is connected to the driving disk, and the other end of the driven disk is connected to a rotating shaft.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the fixed gear is driven to rotate under the action of the tooth block, the active disk on the transmission mechanism will follow and rotate, and the driven disk will rotate together under the action of the transmission belt, thereby achieving the rotation of the top shaft during the sliding of the sliding plate.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that mounting blocks are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the first insertion rod, and a return spring is connected to the bottom of the mounting block.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the first insertion rod slides downward through the clamping top plate, the mounting block will squeeze the reset spring so that the reset spring itself is set in a compressed state. Then, when the other end of the special-shaped groove of the sliding plate of the clamping top plate is reached, the first insertion rod is reset and slides upward under the reset action of the reset spring itself, thereby releasing the limiting work on the photovoltaic panel.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that a nozzle is connected to one end of the piston cylinder, and an air inlet is provided at the bottom thereof, and a one-way valve is provided in both the nozzle and the air inlet.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the piston slides inward, the one-way valve in the nozzle opens and the one-way valve in the exhaust port closes, so that the internal gas will be blown to the surface of the photovoltaic panel through the nozzle. At the same time, when the piston slides outward to return to its original position, the one-way valve in the nozzle closes and the one-way valve in the exhaust port opens, at which time the outside air can be re-drawn into the piston cylinder.

[0022] The present invention is further configured such that a damping structure is provided on the contact surface between the rotating shaft and the sliding plate.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution and setting the damping structure, it is prevented that the rotating shaft itself is rotated due to external vibration during the sliding process of the sliding plate.

[0024] The present invention is further configured such that a protective sleeve is provided on the inner wall of the clamping plate.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the protective cover can prevent the card board from directly contacting the photovoltaic panel, reduce the wear of the card board on the outer wall of the photovoltaic panel during the clamping process, and reduce the failure rate of the overall detection.

[0026] In summary, the present invention mainly has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The present invention provides a sliding plate on the inner side of the base for sliding, so that the worker can slide the photovoltaic panel to the inner side of the clamping bottom plate and the clamping top plate under the action of the base, and then the sliding plate slides inward, and at this time, under the action of the special-shaped groove and the adjusting pulley, the clamping top plate moves downward to limit the photovoltaic panel in the vertical direction, and at the same time, under the cooperation of the first plug rod and the second plug rod, the clamping plate clamps the bottom of the photovoltaic panel in the horizontal direction, and the worker does not need to clamp manually in this process, which greatly reduces the overall workload of the worker, and after the inspection is completed, the adjusting pulley slides to the other end of the special-shaped groove, and at this time, the clamping top plate and the clamping plate will release the limiting work on the photovoltaic panel, so that the worker can quickly disassemble the photovoltaic panel after the inspection is completed;

[0028] 2. The present invention partially and symmetrically arranges tooth blocks in the slide groove. After the clamping top plate and the card plate are clamped on the photovoltaic panel to be inspected, the sliding plate continues to slide. At this time, the fixed gear in the sliding plate is rotated 90 degrees under the action of the tooth blocks. The clamping bottom plate and the clamping top plate drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate 90 degrees through the cooperation with the transmission mechanism. At this time, the clamping bottom plate will release the sealing work of the nozzle on the sliding plate. Under the cooperation of the controller and the nozzle, both sides of the photovoltaic panel are cleaned, and the detection accuracy of the subsequent optical scanning component on the photovoltaic panel is improved. After the detection is completed, it is reset under the action of another set of tooth blocks, and the nozzle is re-sealed, and it is convenient for the staff to disassemble the photovoltaic panel after the detection is completed;

[0029] 3. The present invention provides a corrugated groove on the inner side of the slide groove, and a piston cylinder is installed in the sliding plate. When the sliding plate slides through the rodless cylinder, the rotating wheel drives the push plate to slide back and forth under the action of the corrugated groove. In this process, the piston completes the reciprocating motion in the piston cylinder, thereby realizing the cleaning work of the surface of the photovoltaic panel by the nozzle. In this process, there is no need to manually control the start and stop of the nozzle, thereby reducing the overall detection cost and improving the detection efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic panel special-shaped groove structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is a side view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the piston cylinder of the present invention:

[0037] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the bottom plate of the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of middle;

[0039] Fig.10 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of middle B;

[0040] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1. base; 2. frame; 3. optical scanning assembly; 4. slide groove; 5. sliding plate; 6. clamping bottom plate; 7. first plug rod; 8. clamping top plate; 9. rodless cylinder; 10. tooth block; 11. special-shaped groove; 12. adjusting pulley; 13. limit plate; 14. clamping plate; 15. rotating shaft; 16. nozzle; 17. transmission mechanism; 18. fixed gear; 19. piston cylinder; 20. piston; 21. push plate; 22. rotating wheel; 23. second plug rod; 24. corrugated groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0043] The following describes an embodiment of the present invention based on its overall structure.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] A test device for detecting surface defects of photovoltaic panels, such as Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, it includes a base 1, a frame 2, an optical scanning component 3, a cleaning mechanism, a transmission mechanism 17 and a limiting mechanism. A slide groove 4 is arranged on the inner side of the base 1, and a rodless cylinder 9 cooperating with the sliding plate 5 is installed in the slide groove 4. Under the action of the rodless cylinder 9, the sliding plate 5 is driven to slide back and forth in the base 1 at a speed to improve the overall detection efficiency of the device. At the same time, a clamping bottom plate 6 and a clamping top plate 8 are installed on the top of the sliding plate 5. In the initial state, the clamping bottom plate 6 and the clamping top plate 8 are vertical to the base 1. At this time, the photovoltaic panel is slid into the clamping bottom plate 6 and the clamping top plate 8 through the base 1. Under the action of the base 1, the carrying burden of the staff is reduced. Then the rodless cylinder 9 will drive the sliding plate 5 to slide to one side of the base 1. Since an adjusting pulley 12 is rotatably arranged on the top of the clamping top plate 8, and a special-shaped groove 11 cooperating with the adjusting pulley 12 is opened on the inner side of the frame 2;

[0046] When the clamping top plate 8 drives the adjusting pulley 12 to slide in the special-shaped groove 11, the adjusting pulley 12 will drive the clamping top plate 8 to slide downward under the action of the special-shaped groove 11. At this time, the clamping top plate 8 will limit the position of the photovoltaic panel in the vertical direction, and the clamping bottom plate 6 and the clamping top plate 8 are connected by the first plug rod 7. One end of the first plug rod 7 is elastically arranged in the clamping bottom plate 6. At the same time, a clamping plate 14 is symmetrically arranged in the clamping bottom plate 6, and a second plug rod 23 is symmetrically arranged on one side of the clamping plate 14, and the second plug rod 23 is symmetrically arranged on the second plug rod 2 3 and one end of the first plug rod 7 are both arc-shaped. When the first plug rod 7 moves downward under the action of the clamping top plate 8, one end of the first plug rod 7 will contact the second plug rod 23. Since the contact surfaces of the two are both arc-shaped, the second plug rod 23 is squeezed during the sliding process, so that the clamping plate 14 slides inwardly for clamping, and the clamping plate 14 clamps the bottom of the photovoltaic panel in the horizontal direction, so as to prevent the photovoltaic panel from being offset during the subsequent scanning and detection process of the optical scanning assembly 3.

[0047] At the same time, a tooth block 10 is symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the slide groove 4, and a fixed gear 18 is located in the sliding plate 5 and meshed with the tooth block 10. One end of the fixed gear 18 is connected to the rotating shaft 15 through a transmission mechanism 17, and the other end of the rotating shaft 15 is connected to the clamping base plate 6. After the photovoltaic panel is clamped, the sliding plate 5 continues to slide under the action of the rodless cylinder 9. At this time, the tooth block 10 will drive the fixed gear to rotate. Under the cooperation of the transmission mechanism 17 and the rotating shaft 15, the clamping base plate 6 is rotated 90 degrees, and the photovoltaic panel as a whole is in a straight line with the base 1. The sliding plate 5 is arranged in parallel, and an array of nozzles 16 is arranged on the clamping base plate 6 at the top of the sliding plate 5, so that the clamping base plate 6 releases the seal of the nozzle 16, and the two sides of the photovoltaic panel are cleaned under the cooperation of the controller and the nozzle 16, so as to improve the detection accuracy of the subsequent optical scanning component 3 on the photovoltaic panel. After the detection is completed, the clamping base plate 6 is reset under the action of another group of tooth blocks 10, and the nozzle 16 is re-sealed, so as to prevent dust particles from clogging the nozzle 16 during the transportation of the photovoltaic panel, and facilitate the staff to disassemble the photovoltaic panel after the detection is completed.

[0048] See also Figure 4 A limit plate 13 is detachably provided on the inner wall of the clamping top plate 8, and the outer wall of the limit plate 13 is set in an open shape. The limit plate 13 itself is made of flexible material. During the photovoltaic panel insertion process, the limit plate 13 can ensure that the photovoltaic panel is in a vertical state and is located on the inner side of the clamping top plate 8. The open-shaped setting facilitates the photovoltaic panel to slide smoothly to the inner side of the limit plate 13, thereby completing the subsequent clamping work.

[0049] See also Figure 6 , wherein the transmission mechanism 17 includes a driving disk, a transmission belt and a driven disk, and the driving disk and the driven disk are connected by a transmission belt, a driving disk is connected to one end of a fixed gear 18, and a rotating shaft 15 is connected to the other end of the driven disk. When the fixed gear 18 is driven to rotate under the action of the tooth block 10, the driving disk on the transmission mechanism will rotate accordingly, and the driven disk will rotate together under the action of the transmission belt, thereby realizing that the rotating shaft 15 at the top will be driven to rotate during the sliding process of the sliding plate 5.

[0050] See also Figure 8 , mounting blocks are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the first plug rod 7, and a return spring is connected to the bottom of the mounting block. When the first plug rod 7 slides downward through the clamping top plate 8, the mounting block will squeeze the return spring, so that the return spring itself is set in a compressed state. Subsequently, when the other end of the sliding plate special-shaped groove 11 of the clamping top plate 8 is reached, the first plug rod 7 is reset and slid upward by the reset action of the reset spring itself, thereby releasing the limiting work on the photovoltaic panel.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] like Figure 7 and Fig.10 The test device shown in the figure is used for detecting surface defects of photovoltaic panels. Its overall structure is similar to that of the first embodiment, wherein a piston cylinder 19 cooperating with a nozzle is installed in the sliding plate 5, a piston 20 is slidably arranged in the piston cylinder 19, and a push plate 21 is elastically connected to one end of the piston 20, one end of the push plate 21 passes through the piston cylinder 19 and is rotatably connected to a rotating wheel 22, and a corrugated groove 24 cooperating with the rotating wheel 22 is arranged on one side of the tooth block 10 in the slide groove 4. When the sliding plate 5 slides through the rodless cylinder 9, the rotating wheel 22 moves to the corrugated groove 24, the rotating wheel 22 will be reciprocated by the action of the corrugated groove 24, thereby driving the push plate 21 to slide back and forth. In this process, the piston 20 completes the reciprocating motion in the piston cylinder 19, thereby realizing the cleaning work of the photovoltaic panel surface by the nozzle 16, and there is no need to manually control the start and stop of the nozzle 16 in this process, thereby reducing the overall detection cost and improving the detection efficiency.

[0053] See also Figure 7 One end of the piston cylinder 19 is connected to the nozzle 16, and an air inlet is opened at its bottom. Both the nozzle 16 and the air inlet are provided with a one-way valve. When the piston 20 slides inward, the one-way valve in the nozzle 16 opens and the one-way valve in the exhaust port closes, so that the internal gas is blown to the surface of the photovoltaic panel through the nozzle 16. At the same time, when the piston 20 slides outward to return to its original position, the one-way valve in the nozzle 16 closes and the one-way valve in the exhaust port opens, so that the outside air can be re-drawn into the piston cylinder 19.

[0054] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when in use, the photovoltaic panel to be inspected is placed on one side of the base 1, and then the photovoltaic panel is slid into the clamping bottom plate 6 and the clamping top plate 8 through the base 1. The carrying burden of the staff is reduced under the action of the base, and at the same time, the rodless cylinder 9 drives the sliding plate 5 to slide to one side. At this time, the adjusting pulley 12 moves the clamping top plate 8 downward under the action of the special-shaped groove 11, completing the clamping work of the photovoltaic panel in the vertical direction. At the same time, the bottom end of the photovoltaic panel is clamped horizontally under the action of the first plug rod 7 and the second plug rod 23, thereby completing the position limitation of the photovoltaic panel to prevent the photovoltaic panel from being displaced in the subsequent scanning and detection process;

[0055] Then the sliding plate 5 continues to slide, and since the tooth blocks 10 are symmetrically arranged in the slide groove 4, the fixed gear 18 in the sliding plate 5 will rotate under the action of the tooth blocks 10, and the clamping base plate 6 drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate ninety degrees through the cooperation of the transmission mechanism 17. At this time, the clamping base plate 6 releases the sealing work of the nozzle 16, and the two sides of the photovoltaic panel are cleaned under the action of the nozzle 16, so as to facilitate the subsequent improvement of the detection accuracy of the subsequent optical scanning component 3. After the subsequent detection is completed, the sliding plate 5 continues to rotate ninety degrees under the action of another set of tooth blocks 10, thereby re-sealing the nozzle 16 to prevent dust particles from clogging the nozzle 16 during the transportation of the photovoltaic panel, and the staff disassembles the photovoltaic panel after the inspection under the action of the base 1.

[0056] Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, this specific embodiment is only an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the invention. The specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions and variations to the embodiments without creative contribution as needed without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A testing device for detecting surface defects of a photovoltaic panel, comprising a base (1) and a frame (2), characterized in that: A sliding plate (5) is slidably arranged inside the base (1), a clamping bottom plate (6) is rotatably arranged on the top of the sliding plate (5), a first plug rod (7) is elastically connected to the clamping bottom plate (6), a clamping plate (14) cooperating with the first plug rod (7) is slidably symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the clamping bottom plate (6), and a clamping top plate (8) is connected to the other end of the first plug rod (7), an adjusting pulley (12) is rotatably arranged on the top of the clamping top plate (8), and the adjusting pulley (12) is located at the frame (2). A special-shaped groove (11) is provided on the inner side thereof to cooperate with the adjusting pulley (12); a tooth block (10) is symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the base (1); and a fixed gear (18) is located inside the sliding plate (5) and meshed with the tooth block (10); one end of the fixed gear (18) is connected to a rotating shaft (15) through a transmission mechanism (17), and the other end of the rotating shaft (15) is connected to a clamping base plate (6); and an array of nozzles (16) is arranged on the top of the sliding plate (5) at the clamping base plate (6).

2. A test device for detecting surface defects of photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide groove (4) is provided on the inner side of the base (1), and a rodless cylinder (9) matched with the sliding plate (5) is installed in the slide groove (4).

3. A test device for detecting surface defects of photovoltaic panels according to claim 2, characterized in that: A piston cylinder (19) cooperating with the nozzle (16) is installed in the sliding plate (5), a piston (20) is slidably arranged in the piston cylinder (19), and a push plate (21) is elastically connected to one end of the piston (20), one end of the push plate (21) passes through the piston cylinder (19) and is rotatably connected to a rotating wheel (22), and a corrugated groove (24) cooperating with the rotating wheel (22) is arranged on the other side of the gear block (10) in the sliding groove (4).

4. A test device for detecting surface defects of photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second insertion rod (23) is symmetrically arranged on one side of the clamping plate (14), and the connection between the second insertion rod (23) and one end of the first insertion rod (7) is arranged in an arc shape.

5. The test device for detecting surface defects of photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the clamping top plate (8) is detachably provided with a limiting plate (13), and the outer wall of the limiting plate (13) is provided in an open shape.

6. A test device for detecting surface defects of photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (17) comprises a driving disc, a transmission belt and a driven disc, wherein the driving disc and the driven disc are connected via a transmission belt, one end of the fixed gear (18) is connected to the driving disc, and the other end of the driven disc is connected to a rotating shaft (15).

7. A test device for detecting surface defects of photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the first insertion rod (7) is symmetrically provided with mounting blocks, and a return spring is connected to the bottom of the mounting block.

8. A test device for detecting surface defects of photovoltaic panels according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the piston cylinder (19) is connected to a nozzle (16), and an air inlet is provided at the bottom thereof. Both the nozzle (16) and the air inlet are provided with a one-way valve.

9. A test device for detecting surface defects of photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surface between the rotating shaft (15) and the sliding plate (5) is provided with a damping structure.

10. A test device for detecting surface defects of photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the clamping plate (14) is provided with a protective sleeve.

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