Electrochemical de-intercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lake

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium extraction from salt lakes, and discloses an electrochemical deintercalation device for lithium extraction from salt lakes, which comprises a connecting piece, a first pressing plate, a granular bed membrane stack component and a second pressing plate, the first pressing plate, the particle bed membrane stack assembly and the second pressing plate are tightly connected through connecting pieces; the particle bed membrane stack assembly comprises membrane stack monomers which are sequentially stacked in the first direction, each membrane stack monomer comprises an ionic membrane, two trough plates and two electrode plate frames, the two trough plates are arranged in the first direction in a spaced mode, the ionic membrane is arranged between the two trough plates in a clamped mode, and electrode cavities are defined by the ionic membranes and the two trough plates respectively. The two electrode plate frames are mounted in the two electrode cavities in a one-to-one correspondence manner; a liquid inlet hole and a liquid outlet hole are formed in the groove plate, and the liquid inlet hole, the electrode cavity and the liquid outlet hole in the same groove plate are communicated in sequence; the electrode plate frame comprises adsorbent particles, a graphite plate and a titanium mesh frame, the graphite plate and the titanium mesh frame define a filling cavity, and the adsorbent particles are arranged in the filling cavity. The lithium extraction device is convenient to assemble and can realize high-efficiency lithium extraction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium extraction from salt lakes, in particular to an electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes. Background Art

[0002] Salt lake electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction technology belongs to the emerging technology field. The technology is not mature yet, and there are few equipments that can be used for reference. The working principle of electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction equipment is similar to the charging and discharging principle of lithium iron phosphate batteries. The prepared iron phosphate (lithium iron phosphate) cathode (anode) side is placed in salt lake brine and pure water respectively. Under the drive of external current, the iron phosphate on the cathode side undergoes a reduction reaction to obtain an electron, and at the same time, lithium ions are adsorbed from the brine to become lithium iron phosphate. On the anode side, the lithium iron phosphate undergoes an oxidation reaction to lose an electron, and at the same time, lithium ions are released into the lithium-rich liquid (pure water at the beginning). When the reaction reaches a relatively saturated state, most of the cathode side is converted into lithium iron phosphate, and most of the anode side is converted into iron phosphate. At this time, the polarity of the power supply is reversed, and the brine and lithium-rich liquid are extracted and exchanged. The iron phosphate produced in the previous process continues to absorb lithium from the salt lake water, and the lithium iron phosphate continues to release lithium into the lithium-rich liquid. After several cycles, the lithium concentration in the lithium-rich liquid becomes higher and higher, thereby achieving the purpose of extracting lithium from the salt lake brine.

[0003] At present, the cathode and anode used in the common electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction methods exist in the form of a fixed bed of coated titanium mesh pole pieces; the preparation process of pole pieces that can be used for electric deintercalation and lithium extraction includes three processes: pulping, coating, and drying, which is a relatively cumbersome process; the thickness of the pole piece coating and the flatness and uniformity of the coating will affect the effect of lithium extraction; the disassembly and replacement of the pole plate after failure are time-consuming and laborious. In order to avoid the above problems, it is urgent to design an adsorption granulation method granular bed electro-deintercalation and lithium extraction device. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to design an electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes, which is easy to assemble and can efficiently extract lithium and can solve the above problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the utility model provides an electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from a salt lake, comprising: a connecting piece and a first pressing plate, a granular bed membrane stack assembly and a second pressing plate arranged in sequence along a first direction; the first pressing plate, the granular bed membrane stack assembly and the second pressing plate are tightly connected by the connecting piece;

[0006] The particle bed membrane stack assembly includes at least two membrane stack monomers stacked in sequence along the first direction, the membrane stack monomers include an ion membrane, two slot plates and two electrode plate frames, the two slot plates are spaced apart along the first direction and the ion membrane is sandwiched between the two slot plates, the ion membrane and the two slot plates are respectively enclosed to form two electrode cavities, the two electrode plate frames are installed in the two electrode cavities in a one-to-one correspondence; a liquid inlet hole and a liquid outlet hole are opened on the slot plate, and the liquid inlet hole, the electrode cavity and the liquid outlet hole on the same slot plate are connected in sequence;

[0007] The electrode plate frame includes adsorbent particles, a graphite plate and a titanium mesh frame. The graphite plate and the titanium mesh frame are surrounded and defined to form a filling cavity. The adsorbent particles are arranged in the filling cavity.

[0008] Further, the liquid inlet hole is provided on one side of the slot plate along the second direction, the electrode cavity is provided with an open opening on one side away from the liquid inlet hole along the second direction, the electrode plate frame is installed in the two electrode cavities in a one-to-one correspondence through the open opening, and the liquid outlet hole is provided on one side of the slot plate along the third direction;

[0009] The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0010] Furthermore, it comprises two of the granular bed membrane stack assemblies, the two granular bed membrane stack assemblies are arranged adjacent to each other along the third direction, and the liquid outlet is arranged on a side of the trough plate away from the adjacent granular bed membrane stack assembly along the third direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the adsorbent particles filled in the two electrode plate frames of the same membrane stack monomer are iron phosphate and lithium iron phosphate respectively; the electrode plate frame filled with iron phosphate is defined as a negative electrode plate, and the electrode plate frame filled with lithium iron phosphate is defined as a positive electrode plate, and the positive electrode plates are connected in series with each other, and the negative electrode plates are connected in series with each other.

[0012] Furthermore, the slot plate is provided with a blowing hole on the outer peripheral wall on one side in the third direction, and the blowing hole is arranged between the liquid outlet and the liquid inlet in the second direction; a plurality of ventilation holes connected with the blowing hole are provided on the inner peripheral wall of the slot plate, and the blowing hole, the ventilation hole and the electrode cavity are connected in sequence.

[0013] Furthermore, the membrane stack monomer also includes a water distribution sponge, which is arranged in the electrode cavity and located on a side of the electrode plate frame along the second direction toward the liquid inlet hole.

[0014] Furthermore, a positioning step is protruded on one side of the trough plate along the first direction toward the ion membrane, and the positioning step extends along the third direction and is arranged between the water distribution sponge and the electrode plate frame.

[0015] Furthermore, a sealing groove is formed on one side of the slot plate along the first direction toward the ion membrane, the sealing groove is surrounded by the electrode cavity, and a sealant is provided in the sealing groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the connecting member is a screw, both ends of which are connected to the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate respectively, and the particle bed membrane stack assembly is clamped between the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate.

[0017] Furthermore, a support frame is included, and the support frame is provided on a side of the first pressing plate and / or the second pressing plate away from the open opening along the second direction.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes in the embodiment of the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to the embodiment of the utility model adopts a titanium mesh frame and a graphite plate to form an electrode plate frame, and adsorbent particles made of lithium iron phosphate / iron phosphate slurry are filled into the frame to form a membrane stack monomer. A plurality of membrane stack monomers are stacked to form a particle bed membrane stack assembly. Compared with coating, the slurry can be greatly promoted to actually participate in the electrical deintercalation process, thereby improving the lithium extraction efficiency; and the electrode plate frame is more convenient for disassembly, replacement and assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from a salt lake according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a membrane stack monomer in an electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from a salt lake according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a membrane stack monomer in an electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from a salt lake according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the decomposition of a membrane stack monomer in an electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from a salt lake according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode plate frame in the electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from a salt lake according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slot plate in the electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0027] In the figure, 1, connecting piece; 2, first pressure plate; 3, second pressure plate; 4, particle bed membrane stack assembly; 5, membrane stack monomer; 50, electrode cavity; 501, open mouth; 51, ion membrane; 52, slot plate; 521, liquid inlet hole; 522, liquid outlet hole; 523, blowing hole; 524, ventilation hole; 525, positioning step; 526, sealing groove; 53, electrode plate frame; 530, filling cavity; 531, graphite plate; 532, titanium mesh frame; 54, sealant; 55, water distribution sponge; 6, support frame; x, first direction; y, second direction; z, third direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is a further detailed description of the specific implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like used in the present invention to indicate the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, or a welding connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] The present invention uses the terms "first", "second", etc. to describe various information, but these information should not be limited to these terms, which are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the "first" information may also be referred to as the "second" information, and similarly, the "second" information may also be referred to as the "first" information.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, an electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from a salt lake according to a preferred embodiment of the utility model comprises: a connector 1 and a first pressing plate 2, a granular bed membrane stack assembly 4 and a second pressing plate 3 arranged in sequence along a first direction x; the first pressing plate 2, the granular bed membrane stack assembly 4 and the second pressing plate 3 are tightly connected through the connector 1. Specifically, the first pressing plate 2 and the second pressing plate 3 sandwich the granular bed membrane stack assembly 4 in the middle, and the first pressing plate 2 and the second pressing plate 3 are connected through the connector 1; or the connector 1 connects the first pressing plate 2, the granular bed membrane stack assembly 4 and the second pressing plate 3 in sequence.

[0033] The particle bed membrane stack assembly 4 includes at least two membrane stack monomers 5 stacked in sequence along the first direction x, the membrane stack monomer 5 includes an ion membrane 51, two slot plates 52 and two electrode plate frames 53, the two slot plates 52 are spaced apart along the first direction x and the ion membrane 51 is sandwiched between the two slot plates 52, the ion membrane 51 and the two slot plates 52 are respectively enclosed to form two electrode cavities 50, and the two electrode plate frames 53 are installed in the two electrode cavities 50 in a one-to-one correspondence; the slot plates 52 are provided with a liquid inlet 521 and a liquid outlet 522, and the liquid inlet 521, the electrode cavity 50 and the liquid outlet 522 on the same slot plate 52 are sequentially connected;

[0034] The electrode plate frame 53 includes adsorbent particles, a graphite plate 531 and a titanium mesh frame 532 . The graphite plate 531 and the titanium mesh frame 532 are surrounded and defined to form a filling cavity 530 . The adsorbent particles are disposed in the filling cavity 530 .

[0035] The adsorbent particles are prepared by making iron phosphate / lithium iron phosphate slurry into particles with a diameter of about 2 to 3 mm, and placed in an electrode plate frame 53 made of a graphite plate 531 and a titanium mesh frame 532, respectively forming a positive and negative electrode plate frame, which are inserted into two electrode cavities 50 to form a membrane stack monomer 5; brine and lithium-rich liquid enter the membrane stack monomer 5 from the liquid inlet hole 521 of the slot plate 52 to perform the task of adsorbing and extracting lithium, and then are discharged through the liquid outlet hole 522.

[0036] The positive and negative electrodes of the prior art are plates made in the form of slurry coating, and the lithium iron phosphate / iron phosphate slurry coated on the side of the plate is covered by the outer layer and cannot fully contact the reaction liquid, affecting the efficiency of electric deintercalation and lithium extraction. The electrode plate frame 53 of the present application is composed of a titanium mesh frame 532 and a graphite plate 531. The lithium iron phosphate / iron phosphate slurry is made into adsorbent particles and filled into the frame, which can ensure that the adsorbent particles are in full contact with the liquid and improve the efficiency of electric deintercalation and lithium extraction. In addition, graphite materials have good electrical conductivity and are affordable, while titanium mesh materials are relatively expensive. The electrode plate frame 53 of the present application uses a graphite plate 531 on one side and a titanium mesh frame 532 on the other side, which can save material costs compared to using titanium mesh on both sides.

[0037] Specifically, the titanium mesh frame 532 is bent and joined with the graphite plate 531 to form a rectangular electrode plate frame 53 with an unclosed top, and an external current is added to the pole ear at the graphite plate 531; the titanium mesh frame 532 and the graphite plate 531 can be joined by driving countersunk titanium screws on the graphite plate 531 and then welding the titanium screws to the titanium mesh frame 532, and the specific joining form is uncertain; the adsorbent particles are filled from the top of the cavity enclosed by the titanium mesh frame 532 and the graphite plate 531, and in order to prevent the adsorbent particles from overflowing, it can be sealed after the particles are filled.

[0038] In some improved schemes of the present utility model, the liquid inlet hole 521 is opened on one side of the slot plate 52 along the second direction y, and an open port 501 is provided on the side of the electrode cavity 50 away from the liquid inlet hole 521 along the second direction y. The electrode plate frame 53 is installed in the two electrode cavities 50 in a one-to-one correspondence through the open port 501, and the liquid outlet hole 522 is opened on one side of the slot plate 52 along the third direction z, wherein the first direction x, the second direction y and the third direction z are perpendicular to each other.

[0039] Specifically, the second direction y is defined as the up-down direction of the electrochemical deintercalation device, the first direction x can be defined as the front-back direction of the electrochemical deintercalation device, and the third direction z is defined as the left-right direction of the electrochemical deintercalation device. Brine and lithium-rich liquid can enter the membrane stack monomer 5 from the lower liquid inlet hole 521 and then flow out from the side liquid outlet hole 522; the electrode plate frame 53 can be easily taken out through the upper open port 501.

[0040] When replacing the electrode in the coated electrode form, it is usually necessary to disassemble the entire membrane stack and take out the titanium mesh electrode for replacement, which is a cumbersome process. However, the electrode plate frame 53 in the membrane stack monomer 5 of the utility model can be directly pulled out from the electrode cavity 50 formed by the slot plate 52 through the open port 501, so that the electrode can be quickly replaced, and plug-and-play and easy installation can be achieved.

[0041] In some improved schemes of the utility model, two of the granular bed membrane stack assemblies 4 are included, and the two granular bed membrane stack assemblies 4 are arranged adjacent to each other along the third direction z, and the liquid outlet 522 is provided on the side of the trough plate 52 away from the adjacent granular bed membrane stack assembly 4 along the third direction z.

[0042] In this specific embodiment, the electrochemical deintercalation device includes two groups of granular bed membrane stack assemblies 4, each group includes 8 membrane stack monomers 5, that is, there are a total of 2 rows and 8 columns of 16 membrane stack monomers 5, so that the device can realize the operation of single or multiple granulated membrane stack monomers 5, and each membrane stack monomer 5 does not interfere with each other and is independent of each other, and the electrical deintercalation process can be carried out as needed.

[0043] In some improved schemes of the utility model, the adsorbent particles filled in the two electrode plate frames 53 of the same membrane stack monomer 5 are iron phosphate and lithium iron phosphate respectively; the electrode plate frame 53 filled with iron phosphate is defined as a negative electrode plate, and the electrode plate frame 53 filled with lithium iron phosphate is defined as a positive electrode plate, and the positive plates are connected in series with each other, and the negative plates are connected in series with each other.

[0044] The positive electrodes and negative electrodes of each membrane stack monomer 5 are connected in series in sequence to ensure the uniformity of the current flowing through each membrane stack monomer 5, and the adsorption and lithium extraction tasks can be performed in parallel. Specifically, the electrode plate frame 53 is connected through the pole ears set on the graphite plate 531, the positive plate is connected to the positive plate pole ear, and the negative plate is connected to the negative plate pole ear, to ensure the uniformity of the current of all membrane stacks in the entire device, that is, the external electric field applied during the electrical deintercalation process is consistent, which can ensure that the membrane stack can achieve similar lithium extraction effects; in addition, the positive and negative pole wiring process can be simplified, and the current is kept flowing in and out from only one wire to reduce redundancy.

[0045] In some improved schemes of the utility model, the slot plate 52 is provided with a blowing hole 523 on the outer peripheral wall on one side in the third direction z, and the blowing hole is arranged between the liquid outlet hole 522 and the liquid inlet hole 521 in the second direction y; a plurality of ventilation holes 524 connected to the blowing hole 523 are provided on the inner peripheral wall of the slot plate 52, and the blowing holes 523, the ventilation holes 524 and the electrode cavity 50 are connected in sequence.

[0046] By providing the air blowing holes 523 on the side plates of the slot plate 52 and the plurality of air vents 524 inside, the contact area between the brine / lithium-rich liquid and the adsorbent particles can be increased, thereby improving the lithium extraction efficiency.

[0047] When the blowing hole 523 is not provided, after the liquid enters the electrode cavity 50 and the filling cavity 530 from the liquid inlet hole 521, the particles are stationary and easily compacted and bulged, resulting in a limited effective contact area between the adsorbent particles and the liquid, and a small number of particles actually undergoing the electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction process, resulting in low lithium extraction efficiency. Blowing air into the blowing hole 523 in the middle of the side of the slot plate 52, and using multiple vents 524 to transport gas with a certain air pressure into the electrode cavity 50, can force the adsorbent particles in contact with the liquid to move, increase the effective contact area between the liquid and the adsorbent particles, and intensify the electrochemical deintercalation and lithium extraction process. Different from the form of directly coating the slurry on the titanium mesh pole piece fixed bed, the adsorbent particles move in the electrode plate frame 53, increasing the effective contact area of ​​the reaction and forming a moving particle bed.

[0048] In some improved solutions of the present invention, the membrane stack monomer 5 further includes a water distribution sponge 55 , which is disposed in the electrode cavity 50 and located on a side of the electrode plate frame along the second direction y toward the liquid inlet hole 521 .

[0049] The water distribution sponge 55 is arranged to distribute liquid into the electrode plate frame 53, so that the liquid distribution inside the electrode plate frame 53 is more uniform. Compared with directly introducing liquid into the electrode plate frame 53 through the liquid inlet hole 521, the compressed water distribution sponge 55 can achieve uniform liquid distribution.

[0050] In some improved solutions of the present invention, a positioning step 525 is protruded from one side of the slot plate 52 toward the ion membrane 51 along the first direction x. The positioning step 525 extends along the third direction z and is arranged between the water distribution sponge 55 and the electrode plate frame 53 .

[0051] Specifically, the position of the positioning step 525 in the second direction y determines the size of the water distribution sponge 55 below, and further determines the size of the electrode plate frame 53, and controls the flow rate of the filling cavity 530 filled with the granulation membrane stack, so the positioning step 525 can achieve the control of the flow rate of the filling cavity 530. A supporting step extending along the second direction y is also provided between the two positioning steps 525, and the supporting step plays the role of supporting the empty electrode plate frame 53 of the frame 6.

[0052] like Figure 7 As shown, in some improved schemes of the present invention, a sealing groove 526 is formed on one side of the slot plate 52 along the first direction x toward the ion membrane 51 , the sealing groove 526 is surrounded by the electrode cavity 50 , and a sealant 54 is provided in the sealing groove 526 .

[0053] The processed PVC slot plate 52 is prone to dimensional deviation, which may cause gaps after installation. Once there is a gap, the liquid will flow along the gap to the opposite chamber, and each chamber cannot be independently operated with water. In this embodiment, a sealing groove 526 is provided on the slot plate 52, and the sealing groove 526 is arranged around the electrode cavity 50 to form a U shape. Fluororubber is used as a sealant 54 and filled in the sealing groove 526. After the sealant 54 is installed, there is a protrusion of about 0-0.5mm. After the pressing screw is pressed on the pressing plate, the sealant 54 is deformed and embedded in the sealing groove 526 to fill the gap, so that the two slot plates 52 can be tightly fitted, which is convenient to install and has reliable sealing.

[0054] In some improved solutions of the utility model, the connecting member 1 is a screw, and the two ends of the screw are respectively connected to the first pressing plate 2 and the second pressing plate 3, and the particle bed membrane stack assembly 4 is sandwiched between the first pressing plate 2 and the second pressing plate 3. The first pressing plate 2 and the second pressing plate 3 can be supported by aluminum alloy materials, and the particle bed membrane stack assembly 4 is pressed by the screw on the pressing plate to ensure the tightness between the membrane stack monomers 5 to prevent leakage.

[0055] In some improved solutions of the utility model, a support frame 6 is further included, and the first pressing plate 2 and / or the second pressing plate 3 are provided with the support frame 6 on the side away from the open port 501 along the second direction y. Specifically, the support frame 6 is fixed by screws to the side of the first pressing plate 2 and the second pressing plate 3 away from the particle bed membrane stack assembly 4 along the first direction x, so that the entire device stands upright.

[0056] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in the embodiment of the utility model, the structure and working principle of the particle bed membrane stack monomer 5 are as follows: two PVC slot plates 52 with two liquid inlet holes 521 arranged at the bottom, liquid outlet holes 522 arranged at the upper side, and air blowing holes 523 arranged in the middle of the side and the ion membrane 51 constitute the membrane stack monomer 5; a titanium mesh with a thickness of about 0.3 mm is bent into a frame to form a titanium mesh frame 532, so that its upper side is set at 2 / 3 of the height of the graphite plate 531, the titanium mesh frame 532 is connected to the graphite plate 531 by countersunk titanium screws, and the prepared adsorbent particles are placed in the titanium mesh frame 532 to form the electrode plate frame 53 of the electrochemical deintercalation device. A groove is provided in the PVC slot plate 52 to enclose the ion membrane 51 to form an electrode cavity 50, and a positioning and supporting step is provided in the electrode cavity 50, and the electrode plate frame 53 and the water distribution sponge 55 are placed therein.

[0057] When the liquid enters the electrode cavity 50 from the lower liquid inlet hole, the liquid first enters the water distribution sponge 55, and then enters the filling cavity 530 of the electrode plate frame 53 through the water distribution sponge 55 and the titanium mesh frame 532. After the positive and negative electrodes are powered on, the iron phosphate particles on the cathode side undergo a reduction reaction to obtain an electron, and at the same time absorb lithium ions from the brine to become lithium iron phosphate. The lithium iron phosphate particles on the anode side undergo an oxidation reaction to lose an electron, and at the same time release lithium ions into the lithium-rich liquid, completing a round of lithium extraction tasks.

[0058] At the same time, in order to ensure the closedness of the electrode cavity 50, sealing grooves 526 are opened around the slot plate 52, and fluororubber is embedded therein and pressed to achieve a sealing effect; in order to increase the effective reaction area between the adsorbent particles and the brine / lithium-rich liquid, a blowing hole 523 is opened in the middle of the side of the slot plate 52 for blowing, and the adsorbent particles in the electrode plate frame 53 are moved through the air vents 524, thereby increasing the force area between the particles and the liquid and improving the lithium extraction efficiency of the membrane stack.

[0059] In summary, the present invention provides an electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes, which has the following advantages:

[0060] 1. The electrode plate frame 53 is prepared by using a graphite plate 531 and a titanium mesh frame 532, and adsorbent particles are filled in, which can greatly promote the slurry to substantially participate in the electrical deintercalation process and improve the lithium extraction efficiency;

[0061] 2. The slot plate 52 is provided with a side blowing hole 523, which can increase the contact area between the brine / lithium-rich liquid and the adsorbent particles, intensify the electro-deintercalation and lithium extraction reaction, and improve the lithium extraction efficiency;

[0062] 3. Use the water distributing sponge 55 to distribute liquid into the electrode plate frame 53, so that the liquid inside the titanium mesh frame 532 is more evenly distributed;

[0063] 4. The groove plate 52 is provided with a sealing groove 526, which adopts a fluororubber sealing design, so that the two groove plates 52 can fit tightly, which is convenient for installation and reliable in sealing;

[0064] 5. The positive and negative electrode plate frames 53 of the membrane stack monomer 5 are easy to install, disassemble and replace;

[0065] 6. Each membrane stack monomer 5 can operate simultaneously, and the membrane stack monomers 5 are independent of each other;

[0066] 7. In the granular bed membrane stack assembly 4, the pole ears of the same sex are connected in sequence to ensure the uniformity of the current of all granular bed membrane stack assemblies 4 of the entire device, that is, the external electric field applied during the electrical deintercalation process is consistent, which can ensure that each membrane stack monomer 5 can achieve a similar lithium extraction effect.

[0067] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes, characterized in that: include: A connecting member (1) and a first pressing plate (2), a particle bed membrane stack assembly (4) and a second pressing plate (3) arranged in sequence along a first direction (x); the first pressing plate (2), the particle bed membrane stack assembly (4) and the second pressing plate (3) are tightly connected via the connecting member (1); The particle bed membrane stack assembly (4) comprises at least two membrane stack monomers (5) stacked in sequence along the first direction (x), the membrane stack monomers (5) comprising an ion membrane (51), two slot plates (52) and two electrode plate frames (53), the two slot plates (52) being spaced apart along the first direction (x) and the ion membrane (51) being sandwiched between the two slot plates (52), the ion membrane (51) and the two slot plates (52) respectively enclosing two electrode cavities (50), the two electrode plate frames (53) being installed in the two electrode cavities (50) in a one-to-one correspondence; the slot plates (52) are provided with a liquid inlet hole (521) and a liquid outlet hole (522), the liquid inlet hole (521), the electrode cavity (50) and the liquid outlet hole (522) on the same slot plate (52) being connected in sequence; The electrode plate frame (53) comprises adsorbent particles, a graphite plate (531) and a titanium mesh frame (532); the graphite plate (531) and the titanium mesh frame (532) are bounded to form a filling cavity (530); and the adsorbent particles are disposed in the filling cavity (530).

2. The electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet hole (521) is provided on one side of the slot plate (52) along the second direction (y); an open opening (501) is provided on one side of the electrode cavity (50) away from the liquid inlet hole (521) along the second direction (y); the electrode plate frame (53) is installed in the two electrode cavities (50) in a one-to-one correspondence through the open opening (501); and the liquid outlet hole (522) is provided on one side of the slot plate (52) along the third direction (z); The first direction (x), the second direction (y) and the third direction (z) are perpendicular to each other.

3. The electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 2, characterized in that: It comprises two granular bed membrane stack assemblies (4), which are arranged adjacent to each other along the third direction (z), and the liquid outlet (522) is provided on the side of the trough plate (52) away from the adjacent granular bed membrane stack assembly (4) along the third direction (z).

4. The electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adsorbent particles filled in the two electrode plate frames (53) of the same membrane stack monomer (5) are iron phosphate and lithium iron phosphate respectively; the electrode plate frame (53) filled with iron phosphate is defined as a negative electrode plate, and the electrode plate frame (53) filled with lithium iron phosphate is defined as a positive electrode plate, and the positive electrode plates are connected in series with each other, and the negative electrode plates are connected in series with each other.

5. The electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The groove plate (52) is provided with a blowing hole (523) on the outer peripheral wall on one side in the third direction (z), and the blowing hole (523) is arranged between the liquid outlet hole (522) and the liquid inlet hole (521) in the second direction (y); a plurality of ventilation holes (524) connected to the blowing hole (523) are provided on the inner peripheral wall of the groove plate (52), and the blowing hole (523), the ventilation hole (524) and the electrode cavity (50) are connected in sequence.

6. The electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The membrane stack monomer (5) further comprises a water distribution sponge (55), wherein the water distribution sponge (55) is arranged in the electrode cavity (50) and is located on a side of the electrode plate frame (53) along the second direction (y) toward the liquid inlet hole (521).

7. The electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 6, characterized in that: A positioning step (525) is protrudingly provided on one side of the slot plate (52) toward the ion membrane (51) along the first direction (x), and the positioning step (525) extends along the third direction (z) and is arranged between the water distribution sponge (55) and the electrode plate frame (53).

8. The electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slot plate (52) is provided with a sealing groove (526) on one side thereof facing the ion membrane (51) along the first direction (x); the sealing groove (526) is arranged around the electrode cavity (50); and a sealing glue (54) is provided in the sealing groove (526).

9. The electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting member (1) is a screw, and the two ends of the screw are respectively connected to the first pressing plate (2) and the second pressing plate (3), and the particle bed membrane stack assembly (4) is clamped between the first pressing plate (2) and the second pressing plate (3).

10. The electrochemical deintercalation device for extracting lithium from salt lakes according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also comprises a support frame (6), and the support frame (6) is provided on a side of the first pressing plate (2) and / or the second pressing plate (3) away from the open opening (501) along the second direction (y).

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