Permanent magnet speed reducer assembly suitable for portal crane hoisting mechanism

Abstract

The utility model discloses a permanent magnet speed reducer assembly suitable for a hoisting mechanism of a portal crane. The permanent magnet speed reducer assembly comprises a permanent magnet motor, a two-stage orthogonal shaft gear subassembly and a brake, the permanent magnet motor comprises a permanent magnet motor shell, and a motor stator and a motor rotor which are arranged in the permanent magnet motor shell; the two-stage orthogonal shaft gear subassembly comprises a large spiral bevel, an inner spline shaft, a sun gear, a planet gear, an inner gear ring and an input box body; the large spiral umbrella is arranged on the inner spline shaft and is meshed with the motor rotor through a tooth part; the inner spline shaft meshes with a sun gear; the planet gear is respectively meshed with the sun gear and the inner gear ring; the inner gear ring is fixedly connected to the input box body; the brake is connected with a tail end shaft body of the motor rotor, and a base of the brake is provided with a through hole used for being connected with a mounting plane. Compared with the prior art, the permanent magnet motor and gear transmission system integrated structure is adopted, the heating value is low, the overall efficiency is improved, parts are reduced, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the failure rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of portal cranes, and in particular relates to a permanent magnet reducer assembly suitable for a portal crane hoisting mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The gantry crane is an important port loading and unloading equipment. It consists of four major mechanisms: lifting, luffing, rotation and travel. It can lift vertically and carry heavy objects horizontally within a certain range. With the requirements of high efficiency, energy saving and intelligence in port operations, the driving form of the gantry crane lifting mechanism also needs to be continuously improved and innovated.

[0003] The traditional gantry crane lifting mechanism usually uses a reducer composed of an asynchronous motor, a coupling, a multi-stage parallel gearbox, a brake (11), etc. This driving method has the following problems:

[0004] 1. The gearbox generates a lot of heat and has a low transmission efficiency. According to statistics, the transmission efficiency of the gearbox is generally only 85%~95%, and with the wear of the gears and the aging of the lubricant, the transmission efficiency will be further reduced.

[0005] 2. The system has high vibration and noise. Since the meshing between gears is a rigid contact, impact, vibration, noise and wear will be generated during operation, affecting the stability and life of the equipment, and also causing noise pollution to the operator and the surrounding environment.

[0006] 3. Asynchronous motors consume a lot of electricity and have a low utilization rate of electricity. The power factor of asynchronous motors is generally only 0.8~0.9, and when running at low speed, the power factor will be even lower, resulting in a waste of electricity.

[0007] 4. The system transmission chain is long, there are many failure points, the reducer maintenance workload is large, and the repair and maintenance cost is high. Since the reducer is composed of multiple components, each component may fail, such as gear breakage, bearing damage, coupling looseness, brake failure, etc. These failures need to be detected and repaired in time, which increases the workload and cost of operation and maintenance personnel.

[0008] 5. The brake is installed on the side of the gearbox and cannot achieve zero-speed braking. The brake is an important safety device for the lifting mechanism. Its function is to brake the drum in time to prevent the cargo from falling when the motor stops or the power is off. However, since the brake is installed on the side of the gearbox instead of acting directly on the motor shaft, it cannot achieve zero-speed braking. That is, after the brake is applied, the motor shaft or drum will still have a certain inertia to rotate, causing the cargo to shake or fall, affecting the safety and accuracy of the operation. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet reducer assembly suitable for a door crane hoisting mechanism, which reduces the heating of a gear box, has high operating efficiency, low noise, and can achieve zero-speed braking.

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical method adopted by the present invention is as follows: the present invention discloses a permanent magnet reducer assembly suitable for a door crane hoisting mechanism, comprising a permanent magnet motor, a two-stage right-angle shaft gear assembly and a brake;

[0011] The permanent magnet motor comprises a permanent magnet motor housing and a motor stator and a motor rotor arranged in the permanent magnet motor housing;

[0012] The two-stage right-angle gear assembly includes a large spiral bevel, an internal spline shaft, a sun gear, a planetary gear, an internal gear ring and an input housing;

[0013] The large spiral bevel is arranged on the inner spline shaft, and the large spiral bevel meshes with the motor rotor through the teeth; the inner spline shaft meshes with the sun gear;

[0014] The planetary gears are meshed with the sun gear and the inner gear ring respectively; the inner gear ring is fixedly connected to the input housing;

[0015] The brake is connected to the rear end shaft body of the motor rotor, and a through hole for connecting to a mounting plane is provided on the base of the brake.

[0016] Furthermore, the large spiral bevel is interference connected with the internal spline shaft.

[0017] Furthermore, a flat key groove is provided on the contact surface between the large spiral bevel and the internal spline shaft, and a flat key is provided in the flat key groove to prevent the large spiral bevel and the internal spline shaft from generating axial displacement.

[0018] Furthermore, the internal spline shaft is meshed with the sun gear via splines.

[0019] Furthermore, the two-stage right-angle shaft gear assembly is a spiral bevel + planetary gear assembly, the large spiral bevel is a spiral bevel gear, and the sun gear, planetary gears and inner ring gear are planetary gears.

[0020] Furthermore, the tooth profiles of the spiral bevel gear and the planetary gear are involute tooth profiles.

[0021] Furthermore, the brake is connected to the shaft body at the tail end of the motor rotor via a flat key.

[0022] Furthermore, the brake is an electromagnetic brake, which includes a brake disc, a brake pad, a brake spring, a brake electromagnet and a brake frame.

[0023] Furthermore, the brake disc is fixed to the shaft body at the rear end of the motor rotor, and the brake pad is fixed to the brake frame;

[0024] The brake spring presses the brake pad against the brake disc, and the brake electromagnet attracts the brake frame when energized, so that the brake pad is separated from the brake disc.

[0025] Furthermore, the internal spline output rotating rack is connected to the sun gear via an internal spline shaft, and the rotation direction of the internal spline output rotating rack is opposite to that of the permanent magnet motor. Beneficial Effects

[0026] 1. Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts a permanent magnet motor to replace the asynchronous motor, cancels the coupling, and adopts a structure that integrates the permanent magnet motor and the gear transmission system. The overall speed is reduced, the oil stirring loss is reduced, the heat generation is low, the overall efficiency is improved, the parts are reduced, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the failure rate is reduced. In this way, stepless speed change can be achieved to adapt to different operating requirements, and the starting current is small, which will not cause impact on the power grid and save electricity. At the same time, the volume and weight of the gear box can be reduced, reducing the difficulty and cost of equipment installation.

[0027] 2. The present invention adopts a two-stage right-angle shaft (spiral bevel + planetary) gear assembly, which can achieve a high speed ratio, thereby reducing the motor speed and gearbox input speed, reducing oil stirring loss and heat generation. At the same time, due to the compact structure of the gear assembly, it can reduce vibration and noise, improve the stability and comfort of the equipment. At the same time, it can also avoid wear and damage of the gears and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0028] 3. The installation position of the brake is changed from the high-speed end of the reducer to the tail end of the motor shaft, achieving zero-speed braking, and greatly improving the overall reliability and safety of the equipment. In this application, the brake is installed at the tail end of the motor shaft to achieve zero-speed braking, that is, after the brake is actuated, the drum stops rotating immediately to prevent the goods from shaking or falling, improve the safety and accuracy of the operation, and also improve the reliability of the equipment and avoid the risk of brake failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a permanent magnet reducer assembly suitable for a door crane lifting mechanism in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0031] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention discloses a permanent magnet reducer assembly suitable for a door crane hoisting mechanism, comprising a permanent magnet motor, a two-stage right-angle shaft gear assembly and a brake, wherein: the permanent magnet motor comprises a motor housing 1, a motor stator 2 and a motor rotor 3, the motor housing 1 and the motor stator 2 are fixedly connected by bolts, and the magnetic fields of the motor stator 2 and the motor rotor 3 interact with each other to generate torque; the two-stage right-angle shaft gear assembly comprises a large spiral bevel 4, an inner spline shaft 5, a sun gear 6, a planetary gear 8, an inner gear ring 7 and an input box 10, the large spiral bevel 4 is connected by a bolt, and the magnetic fields of the motor stator 2 and the motor rotor 3 interact with each other to generate torque; the two-stage right-angle shaft gear assembly comprises a large spiral bevel 4, an inner spline shaft 5, a sun gear 6, a planetary gear 8, an inner gear ring 7 and an input box 10, and the large spiral bevel 4 is connected by a bolt. The tooth meshing transmits torque to the motor rotor 3, the large spiral bevel 4 transmits torque to the internal spline shaft 5 through a flat key + interference connection, the internal spline shaft 5 transmits torque to the sun gear 6 through spline meshing, the planetary gear 8 meshes with the sun gear 6 and the inner gear ring 7 respectively, and the inner gear ring 7 is fixed to the input box body 10 by bolts; the brake 11 is connected to the rear end shaft body of the motor rotor 3 through a flat key, and is fixed to the installation plane by bolts on the base hole; the permanent magnet reducer is fixed to the installation plane by the anchor bolts on the base of the permanent magnet motor housing 1.

[0032] In this embodiment, the permanent magnet motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the motor rotor 3 is a permanent magnet rotor. The permanent magnet synchronous motor has the advantages of high efficiency, high power density, high torque-to-inertia ratio, low noise, low vibration, etc., and is suitable for high-performance drive systems. The permanent magnet rotor uses permanent magnets as the magnetic source, and does not require external excitation current, which can reduce copper loss and iron loss and improve the efficiency and power factor of the motor.

[0033] In this embodiment, the two-stage right-angle shaft gear assembly is a spiral bevel + planetary gear assembly, the large spiral bevel 4 is a spiral bevel gear, and the sun gear 6, the planetary gear 8 and the inner ring gear 7 are planetary gears. The spiral bevel + planetary gear assembly is a commonly used industrial gearbox that can achieve a high speed ratio and high output torque and is suitable for heavy-duty applications such as port gantry cranes, mixing equipment, etc. The spiral bevel gear has the characteristics of smooth transmission, low noise, and strong load-bearing capacity, and the planetary gear has the characteristics of compact structure, high transmission efficiency, and good reliability.

[0034] In this embodiment, the tooth profiles of the spiral bevel gear and the planetary gear are involute tooth profiles. The involute tooth profile is a commonly used tooth profile, which has the advantages of smooth gear transmission, small tooth surface contact stress, high gear strength, high transmission efficiency, etc., and is widely used in various gear transmissions.

[0035] In this embodiment, the planetary gear 8 is supported on the planetary carrier through bearings, and the planetary carrier is connected to the sun gear 6 through the internal spline shaft 5. In this way, the relative movement between the planetary gear 8 and the sun gear 6 and the inner gear ring 7 can be realized, thereby achieving different transmission ratios and output torques. The planetary carrier can also play a supporting and positioning role to ensure the normal operation of the planetary gear 8.

[0036] In this embodiment, the brake 11 is an electromagnetic brake, which includes a brake disc, a brake pad, a brake spring, a brake electromagnet and a brake frame. The brake disc is fixed to the rear end shaft of the motor rotor 3, and the brake pad is fixed to the brake frame. The brake spring presses the brake pad onto the brake disc, and the brake electromagnet attracts the brake frame when power is turned on to separate the brake pad from the brake disc. The electromagnetic brake is a commonly used braking device with the characteristics of fast braking, sensitive response, and convenient control. It is suitable for high-speed and high-precision control systems. The electromagnetic brake can achieve zero-speed braking, that is, after the brake is actuated, the reel stops rotating immediately to prevent the goods from shaking or falling, thereby improving the safety and accuracy of the operation.

[0037] In this embodiment, the brake disc, brake pad and brake frame are made of wear-resistant materials. Wear-resistant materials are materials with high hardness, high wear resistance, high impact resistance and other characteristics, which can effectively resist the friction and impact force generated during braking, extend the service life of the brake and reduce maintenance costs.

[0038] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet reducer assembly suitable for a door crane lifting mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a permanent magnet motor, a two-stage right-angle gear assembly and a brake (11); The permanent magnet motor comprises a permanent magnet motor casing (1), and a motor stator (2) and a motor rotor (3) arranged in the permanent magnet motor casing (1); The two-stage right-angle shaft gear assembly comprises a large spiral bevel (4), an internal spline shaft (5), a sun gear (6), a planetary gear (8), an internal gear ring (7) and an input housing (10); The large spiral bevel (4) is arranged on the internal spline shaft (5), and the large spiral bevel (4) meshes with the motor rotor (3) through a tooth portion; the internal spline shaft (5) meshes with the sun gear (6); The planetary gears (8) are respectively meshed with the sun gear (6) and the inner gear ring (7); the inner gear ring (7) is fixedly connected to the input housing (10); The brake (11) is connected to the rear end shaft of the motor rotor (3), and a through hole for connecting to a mounting plane is provided on the base of the brake (11).

2. The permanent magnet reducer assembly suitable for the door crane lifting mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The large spiral bevel (4) is interference-connected with the internal spline shaft (5).

3. The permanent magnet reducer assembly suitable for the door crane lifting mechanism according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A flat keyway is provided on the contact surface between the large spiral bevel (4) and the internal spline shaft (5), and a flat key is provided in the flat keyway to prevent the large spiral bevel (4) and the internal spline shaft (5) from generating axial displacement.

4. The permanent magnet reducer assembly suitable for the door crane lifting mechanism according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The internal spline shaft (5) is meshed with the sun gear (6) via a spline.

5. The permanent magnet reducer assembly suitable for the door crane lifting mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two-stage right-angle shaft gear assembly is a spiral bevel + planetary gear assembly, the large spiral bevel (4) is a spiral bevel gear, and the sun gear (6), planetary gears (8) and inner gear ring (7) are planetary gears.

6. The permanent magnet reducer assembly suitable for the door crane lifting mechanism according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The tooth profiles of the spiral bevel gear and the planetary gear are involute tooth profiles.

7. The permanent magnet reducer assembly suitable for the hoisting mechanism of a door crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake (11) is connected to the rear end shaft of the motor rotor (3) via a flat key.

8. The permanent magnet reducer assembly suitable for the hoisting mechanism of a door crane according to claim 7, characterized in that: The brake (11) is an electromagnetic brake, which comprises a brake disc, a brake pad, a brake spring, a brake electromagnet and a brake frame.

9. The permanent magnet reducer assembly suitable for the hoisting mechanism of a door crane according to claim 8, characterized in that: The brake disc is fixed to the rear end shaft of the motor rotor (3), and the brake pad is fixed to the brake frame; The brake spring presses the brake pad against the brake disc, and the brake electromagnet attracts the brake frame when energized, so that the brake pad is separated from the brake disc.

10. The permanent magnet reducer assembly suitable for the hoisting mechanism of a door crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal spline output rotating rack (9) is connected to the sun gear (6) via an internal spline shaft (5), and the rotation direction of the internal spline output rotating rack (9) is opposite to that of the permanent magnet motor.

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