Water turbine and hydropower station

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a water turbine and a hydropower station. The water turbine comprises a water turbine body, an air supply pipe, an air supply system, an electric control valve and a pressure tester. The water turbine body comprises a volute and a draft tube communicated with the volute, and the draft tube is provided with an air supply port; the air supplementing pipe is provided with an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the air outlet end of the air supplementing pipe is connected with the air supplementing opening, and the air inlet end of the air supplementing pipe is communicated with the air supplementing system; the electric control valve and the pressure measuring instrument are both arranged on the air supply pipe, the pressure measuring instrument is arranged on the air supply pipe so as to measure the air pressure in the water turbine body, the electric control valve is used for measuring through the pressure measuring instrument, and the electric control valve is a normally closed electric control valve. The monitoring system is electrically connected with the electric control valve and the pressure measuring instrument. Therefore, the water turbine has the advantages of being good in air supply effect and capable of reducing the working pressure of the water turbine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power generation equipment, in particular to a water turbine and a hydropower station with the water turbine. Background Art

[0002] Mixed-flow turbines are generally prone to water vortexes in the tailwater pipe when the rated output is 30% to 60%, causing cavity cavitation and turbine body vibration. In addition, the vacuum at the lower end of the volute is too large, which can easily cause cavitation on the turbine blades, loosening of the fixed parts of the turbine body or cracking of the welds, etc. In severe cases, it may even affect the safe operation of the entire turbine body. In related technologies, a top-opening check valve spring is usually used to control the opening and closing of the valve. The check valve spring of the air supply valve can only be opened when the negative pressure in the tailwater pipe is large enough. However, when the negative pressure in the tailwater pipe is small or fluctuates up and down at the critical point, the air supply device cannot be opened in time and effectively to supply air. Summary of the invention

[0003] The utility model aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, the embodiment of the utility model provides a water turbine. The water turbine has the advantages of good air replenishment effect and reduced working pressure of the water turbine.

[0004] The embodiment of the utility model also provides a hydropower station.

[0005] The water turbine of the embodiment of the utility model comprises a water turbine body, an air supply pipe, an air supply system, an electric control valve, a pressure measuring instrument, a power detection device and a monitoring system.

[0006] The turbine body includes a volute and a tailwater pipe connected to the volute, the tailwater pipe has an air supply port; the air supply pipe has an air inlet end and an exhaust end, the exhaust end of the air supply pipe is connected to the air supply port, and the air inlet end of the air supply pipe is connected to the air supply system; the electric control valve and the pressure measuring instrument are both arranged on the air supply pipe, the pressure measuring instrument is arranged on the air supply pipe to measure the air pressure in the turbine body, the electric control valve is opened or closed according to the measurement of the pressure measuring instrument, the electric control valve is a normally closed electric control valve, the monitoring system is electrically connected to the electric control valve and the pressure measuring instrument, and the power detection device is used to detect the output power of the turbine.

[0007] The turbine of the utility model embodiment is provided with an electric control valve and a pressure measuring instrument on the air supply pipe, so that the electric control valve can be opened or closed timely according to the pressure suitability in the tailwater pipe, thereby achieving the effect of automatic air supply, thereby reducing the vibration of the turbine body, reducing the destructive effect of the vibration on the turbine body, effectively avoiding the cavitation of the blades of the turbine body due to excessive vacuum in the tailwater pipe, and extending the service life of the turbine blades. Timely and effectively reduce or weaken vibration.

[0008] At the same time, the tailwater pipe can be automatically replenished with air, and there is no need to frequently replenish air manually, which reduces the workload of power station inspection personnel. The relevant detection components can be linked to track the operating conditions of the turbine body, which is convenient for the automatic input and output of the air replenishment device. On the premise of meeting the air replenishment function of the tailwater pipe of the turbine body, it greatly reduces the workload of the operation and maintenance personnel, improves the efficiency of air replenishment work, and can effectively save the use of compressed air and increase economic benefits.

[0009] Therefore, the water turbine of the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages of good air replenishment effect and reduced working pressure of the water turbine.

[0010] In some embodiments, the turbine body has a plurality of air supply ports, the air supply pipe includes an air supply pipe section, a main pipe section and a plurality of air supply pipe segments connected in sequence, the electric control valve is arranged on the air supply pipe section, the pressure measuring instrument is arranged on the air supply pipe segment, one end of each of the air supply pipe segments is connected to the main pipe section, and the other end of each of the air supply pipe segments is connected to the air supply port, the plurality of air supply ports are evenly arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the turbine body, and the plurality of air supply ports are connected to the plurality of air supply pipe segments one by one.

[0011] In some embodiments, the water turbine further includes a one-way valve, and the one-way valve and the electric control valve are sequentially arranged on the air supply pipe along the direction from the exhaust end to the intake end.

[0012] In some embodiments, the water turbine further includes a first ball valve and a second ball valve, wherein the first ball valve, the one-way valve, the electrically controlled valve and the second ball valve are sequentially arranged on the air supply pipe along the direction from the exhaust end to the intake end, and the first ball valve and the second ball valve are both normally open ball valves.

[0013] In some embodiments, the air supply system is a low-pressure air system of the original power station, and the first ball valve, the one-way valve, and the electric control valve are sequentially arranged on the air supply pipe section, one end of each of the air supply pipe segments is connected to the main pipe section, and the other end of each of the air supply pipe segments is connected to the air supply port.

[0014] In some embodiments, the main pipe section is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped main pipe section is arranged around the outer circumference of the tailwater pipe, and a plurality of air supply pipe sections are evenly connected to the main pipe section along the circumference of the tailwater pipe.

[0015] In some embodiments, a runner, a water retaining portion, and a rear cover plate are disposed in the volute, the runner is disposed on the main shaft of the volute, the rear cover plate is disposed on the runner, the water retaining portion is disposed on the rear cover plate, and the water retaining portion is disposed between the tailwater pipe and the bottom of the lower ring of the runner, the tailwater pipe is connected to the air inlet end, and the pipe mouth of the tailwater pipe is disposed lower than the runner.

[0016] In some embodiments, the gas replenishment system includes a gas generating device and a controller, the gas generating device has an output end, the controller is electrically connected to the gas generating device, the gas generating device is connected to the air inlet end, and the controller is electrically connected to the monitoring system.

[0017] The hydropower station of the embodiment of the utility model comprises a water supply component and a water turbine according to any one of the above, wherein the water supply component is connected to the volute. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a layout diagram of the tailwater pipe, air supply pipe and valve coordination in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0019] Reference numerals:

[0020] Air supply pipe section 11; main pipe section 12; air supply pipe subsection 13;

[0021] A first ball valve 21; a one-way valve 22; an electric control valve 23; a second ball valve 24;

[0022] Tailwater pipe 3;

[0023] The low-pressure gas system of the original power station 4;

[0024] The original computer monitoring system of the hydropower station5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0026] Reference below Figure 1 The water turbine and the hydropower station according to the embodiments of the present utility model are described.

[0027] The water turbine of the embodiment of the utility model comprises a water turbine body, an air supply pipe, an air supply system, an electric control valve 23, a power detection device and a pressure measuring instrument.

[0028] The turbine body includes a volute and a tailwater pipe 3 connected to the volute, the tailwater pipe 3 has an air supply port; the air supply pipe has an air inlet end and an exhaust end, the exhaust end of the air supply pipe is connected to the air supply port, and the air inlet end of the air supply pipe is connected to the air supply system; the electric control valve 23 and the pressure measuring instrument are both arranged on the air supply pipe, the pressure measuring instrument is arranged on the air supply pipe to measure the air pressure in the turbine body, the electric control valve 23 is opened or closed according to the measurement situation of the pressure measuring instrument, the electric control valve 23 is a normally closed electric control valve 23, the power detection device is used to detect the output power of the turbine, the monitoring system is electrically connected to each of the electric control valve, the power detection device and the pressure measuring instrument, and the electric control valve is opened or closed according to the measurement situation of the pressure measuring instrument.

[0029] The turbine of the utility model embodiment is provided with an electric control valve 23 and a pressure measuring instrument on the air supply pipe, so that the electric control valve 23 can be opened or closed timely according to the pressure suitability in the tailwater pipe 3, so as to achieve the effect of automatic air supply, thereby reducing the vibration of the turbine body, reducing the destructive effect of the vibration on the turbine body, effectively avoiding the cavitation of the blades of the turbine body due to excessive vacuum in the tailwater pipe 3, and extending the service life of the turbine blades. Timely and effectively reduce or weaken vibration.

[0030] At the same time, the tailwater pipe 3 can be automatically replenished with air, and there is no need to frequently replenish air manually, which reduces the workload of power station inspection personnel. The relevant detection elements can be linked to track the operating conditions of the turbine body, which is convenient for the automatic input and output of the air replenishment device. On the premise of meeting the air replenishment function of the tailwater pipe 3 of the turbine body, the work intensity of the operation and maintenance personnel is greatly reduced, the air replenishment work efficiency is improved, and at the same time, the compressed air consumption can be effectively saved, and the economic benefits are increased.

[0031] Therefore, the water turbine of the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages of good air replenishment effect and reduced working pressure of the water turbine.

[0032] Furthermore, the monitoring system can be the original computer monitoring system 5 of the hydropower station, and the electric control valve 23 is correspondingly connected to the original computer monitoring system 5 of the hydropower station, and a logic criterion is added to the original power station monitoring system and a signal is output. The control system does not need to be added separately, which reduces the cost of equipment improvement.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the turbine body has multiple air supply ports, the air supply pipe includes an air supply pipe section 11, a main pipe section 12 and multiple air supply pipe segments 13 connected in sequence, the electric control valve 23 is arranged on the air supply pipe section 11, the pressure measuring instrument is arranged on the air supply pipe segment 13, one end of each air supply pipe segment 13 is connected to the main pipe section 12, and the other end of each air supply pipe segment 13 is connected to the air supply port, the multiple air supply ports are evenly arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the turbine body, and the multiple air supply ports are connected to the multiple air supply pipe segments 13 one by one.

[0034] The turbine of the utility model embodiment divides the air supply pipe into an air supply pipe section 11, a main pipe section 12 and a plurality of air supply pipe sections 13, and a plurality of air supply ports are evenly arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the turbine body, and the plurality of air supply ports are connected to the plurality of air supply pipe sections 13 one by one, so that the uniformity and efficiency of air supply can be achieved, and the uniformity of air supply is helpful to reduce the occurrence of cavitation. Therefore, it has the advantage of reducing the vibration of the turbine body.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the turbine of the utility model embodiment further includes a one-way valve 22, and the one-way valve 22 and the electric control valve 23 are sequentially arranged on the air supply pipe along the direction from the exhaust end to the intake end. That is, the one-way valve 22 is arranged close to the volute.

[0036] The water turbine of the utility model embodiment can prevent the water in the volute from flowing back to the air supply system when the electric control valve 23 is opened, thereby affecting the normal operation of the water turbine, by sequentially arranging the one-way valve 22 and the electric control valve 23 on the air supply pipe along the direction from the exhaust end to the air intake end. Because when the water turbine is running, once the water flow forms a vortex in the tailwater pipe 3, the rotating water flow will impact the air supply pipe. At this time, the one-way valve 22 on the air supply port on the upstream surface of the air supply pipe is automatically closed, and the valve plate on the negative pressure surface is automatically opened for air supply, thereby weakening the strength of the rotating water flow on the side wall of the tailwater pipe 3, thereby quickly and effectively destroying the vortex, improving the flow state of the tailwater pipe 3, eliminating or even reducing the pressure pulsation in the tailwater pipe 3, and achieving the purpose of timely reducing the vibration of the water turbine body.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the turbine of the embodiment of the utility model further includes a first ball valve 21 and a second ball valve 24. The first ball valve 21, the one-way valve 22, the electric control valve 23 and the second ball valve 24 are sequentially arranged on the air supply pipe along the direction from the exhaust end to the intake end. The first ball valve 21 and the second ball valve 24 are both normally open ball valves.

[0038] The water turbine of the embodiment of the utility model is provided with the first ball valve 21 and the second ball valve 24, and both the first ball valve 21 and the second ball valve 24 are normally open ball valves, so that when the water turbine fails, the ball valve can be used to close the part, thereby facilitating the convenience of equipment failure inspection and repair.

[0039] The air supply system is the low-pressure air system 4 of the original power station. The first ball valve 21, the one-way valve 22, and the electric control valve 23 are sequentially arranged on the air supply pipe section 11. One end of each air supply pipe segment 13 is connected to the main pipe section 12, and the other end of each air supply pipe segment 13 is connected to the air supply port. It can be understood that the low-pressure air system 4 of the original power station is connected to the turbine body.

[0040] The turbine of the utility model embodiment connects the air supply pipe of the turbine to the low-pressure air system 4 of the original power station. When the air supply system is added, the existing equipment of the original power station can be used. In the improvement process, relatively less new equipment is added and the investment is relatively low.

[0041] Furthermore, the gas pressure of the low-pressure gas system 4 of the original power station may be 0.8 MPa.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the main pipe section 12 is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped main pipe section 12 is arranged around the outer circumference of the tailwater pipe 3 , and a plurality of air supply pipe sections 13 are evenly connected to the main pipe section 12 along the circumference of the tailwater pipe 3 .

[0043] The turbine of the present invention has an arc-shaped main pipe section 12 and surrounds the outer periphery of the tailwater pipe 3, so as to facilitate the arrangement of the air supply pipe sections 13. Therefore, the turbine has the advantages of simple structure and high installation convenience.

[0044] A runner, a water retaining part and a rear cover plate are arranged in the volute. The runner is arranged on the main shaft of the volute, the rear cover plate is arranged on the runner, the water retaining part is arranged on the rear cover plate, and the water retaining part is arranged between the tailwater pipe 3 and the bottom of the lower ring of the runner. The tailwater pipe 3 is connected to the air inlet end, and the pipe mouth of the tailwater pipe 3 is arranged lower than the runner.

[0045] The gas supply system includes a gas generating device and a controller, the gas generating device has an output end, the controller is electrically connected to the gas generating device, the gas generating device is connected to the air inlet end, and the controller is electrically connected to the monitoring system. As a result, the turbine has the advantages of simple structure and high degree of automation. Furthermore, the controller can be connected to the monitoring system by electrical signals.

[0046] The hydropower station of the embodiment of the utility model comprises a water supply component and a water turbine according to any one of the above, wherein the water supply component is connected to the volute.

[0047] The hydropower station of the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages of good air replenishment effect and reduced working pressure of the turbine.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0049] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0050] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0052] In the present utility model, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0053] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water turbine, characterized in that: include: A water turbine body, the water turbine body comprising a volute and a tailwater pipe connected to the volute, the tailwater pipe having an air supply port; An air supply pipe and an air supply system, wherein the air supply pipe has an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the air outlet end of the air supply pipe is connected to the air supply port, and the air inlet end of the air supply pipe is connected to the air supply system; An electric control valve, a power detection device, and a pressure measuring instrument. The electric control valve and the pressure measuring instrument are both arranged on the air supply pipe. The pressure measuring instrument is arranged on the air supply pipe to measure the air pressure in the turbine body. The electric control valve is a normally closed electric control valve. The power detection device is used to detect the output power of the turbine. A monitoring system is electrically connected to each of the electric control valve, the power detection device and the pressure measuring instrument. The electric control valve is opened or closed according to the measuring condition of the pressure measuring instrument.

2. The water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbine body has a plurality of air supply ports, the air supply pipe includes an air supply pipe section, a main pipe section and a plurality of air supply pipe segments connected in sequence, the electric control valve is arranged on the air supply pipe section, the pressure measuring instrument is arranged on the air supply pipe segment, one end of each of the air supply pipe segments is connected to the main pipe section, and the other end of each of the air supply pipe segments is connected to the air supply port, the plurality of air supply ports are evenly arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the turbine body, and the plurality of air supply ports are connected to the plurality of air supply pipe segments one by one.

3. The water turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a one-way valve, and the one-way valve and the electric control valve are sequentially arranged on the air supply pipe along the direction from the exhaust end to the intake end.

4. The water turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a first ball valve and a second ball valve. The first ball valve, the one-way valve, the electric control valve and the second ball valve are arranged in sequence on the air supply pipe along the direction from the exhaust end to the intake end. The first ball valve and the second ball valve are both normally open ball valves.

5. The water turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air supply system is the low-pressure air system of the original power station. The first ball valve, the one-way valve, and the electric control valve are sequentially arranged on the air supply pipe section, and one end of each of the air supply pipe sections is connected to the main pipe section.

6. The water turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The monitoring system is a monitoring system of a hydropower station.

7. The water turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main pipe section is arc-shaped and is arranged around the outer circumference of the tailwater pipe. A plurality of air supply pipe sections are evenly connected to the main pipe section along the circumference of the tailwater pipe.

8. The water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A runner, a water retaining part, and a rear cover plate are arranged in the volute, the runner is arranged on the main shaft of the volute, the rear cover plate is arranged on the runner, the water retaining part is arranged on the rear cover plate, and the water retaining part is arranged between the tailwater pipe and the bottom of the lower ring of the runner, the tailwater pipe is connected to the air inlet end, and the pipe mouth of the tailwater pipe is arranged lower than the runner.

9. The water turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The gas replenishment system includes a gas generating device and a controller, wherein the gas generating device has an output end, the controller is electrically connected to the gas generating device, the gas generating device is connected to the air inlet end, and the controller is electrically connected to the monitoring system.

10. A hydropower station, characterized in that: The invention comprises a water supply component and a water turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the water supply component is communicated with the volute.

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