Secondary locking mechanism, locking device and electric automobile

Abstract

The utility model provides a secondary locking mechanism, a locking device and an electric automobile, the secondary locking mechanism comprises a lock base, a spring bolt and a lock rod, the lock base is provided with an opening and a cavity extending from the opening to the inside of the lock base, and the opening is used for allowing a locking piece installed on a battery pack to enter the cavity; the spring bolt is located in the cavity, and the spring bolt can rotate relative to the lock base to open or close the opening so as to change between an unlocking state and a locking state; one end of the lock rod is rotationally connected to the spring bolt, the lock rod is provided with a guide part and an unlocking part, and when external force acts on the unlocking part, the lock rod moves along a moving path guided by the guide part so as to drive the spring bolt to rotate relative to the lock base to open the opening. The lock rod is beneficial for increasing the maximum rotation angle of the spring bolt, the force application position of external force and the arrangement of the spring bolt are more flexible and diversified, the guide part is beneficial for improving the accuracy of rotation of the spring bolt, and the situation that the spring bolt cannot rotate due to the fact that the lock rod deviates from a correct moving path is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a secondary locking mechanism, a locking device and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, new energy vehicles have developed rapidly. Electric vehicles that rely on batteries as driving energy have the advantages of zero emissions and low noise. As the market share and usage frequency of electric vehicles are increasing, electric commercial vehicles among electric vehicles, such as electric heavy trucks and electric light trucks, are also beginning to appear in their respective application scenarios.

[0003] In the prior art, in order to improve the locking safety of the battery pack and the electric vehicle, the battery pack is locked by using a primary locking mechanism and a secondary locking mechanism respectively. The unlocking of the secondary locking mechanism usually uses an unlocking device to directly act on the lock tongue, which is not convenient for controlling the rotation direction and rotation degree of the lock tongue. In addition, the primary locking mechanism and the secondary locking mechanism in the prior art need to occupy a large space and cannot be applied to situations where space is limited. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art and to provide a two-level locking mechanism, a locking device and an electric vehicle.

[0005] The utility model solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A secondary locking mechanism, the secondary locking mechanism comprising:

[0007] A lock base, wherein the lock base is provided with an opening and a cavity extending from the opening to the interior of the lock base, wherein the opening is used for a locking member installed on the battery pack to enter the cavity;

[0008] A lock tongue, the lock tongue being located in the cavity, the lock tongue being arranged to be rotatable relative to the lock base to open or close the opening, so as to change between an unlocked state and a locked state;

[0009] A locking rod, one end of which is rotatably connected to the locking tongue, and the locking rod is provided with a guiding portion and an unlocking portion. When an external force acts on the unlocking portion, the locking rod moves along a moving path guided by the guiding portion to drive the locking tongue to rotate relative to the lock base to open the opening.

[0010] In this solution, by providing a lock rod and an unlocking portion on the lock rod, an external force acts on the unlocking portion of the lock rod to indirectly drive the lock tongue to rotate, so that the secondary locking mechanism changes between the unlocking state and the locking state. Compared with the external force directly acting on the lock tongue to drive it to rotate, the lock rod increases the transmission relationship between the external force and the lock tongue, which is beneficial to increase the maximum rotation angle of the lock tongue driven by the external force on the one hand, thereby ensuring that the lock tongue can open or close the opening, and on the other hand, it makes the force application position of the external force and the setting of the lock tongue more flexible and diverse, thereby minimizing the space occupied by the secondary locking mechanism and the unlocking device providing the external force through reasonable layout. At the same time, the lock rod is also provided with a guide portion. When the external force acts on the unlocking portion, the lock rod will move along the moving path guided by the guide portion, thereby improving the moving accuracy of the lock rod, thereby improving the accuracy of the lock tongue when rotating, avoiding the situation where the lock rod deviates from the correct moving path and causes the lock tongue to be unable to rotate, and ensuring that the secondary locking mechanism can be unlocked or locked smoothly.

[0011] Preferably, the secondary locking mechanism also includes a guide matching structure, which is fixed relative to the lock base. When external force acts on the unlocking part, the unlocking part drives the guide part to slide relative to the guide matching structure to limit the moving path and / or extreme moving position of the locking rod.

[0012] In this solution, a relatively fixed guide matching structure is used to cooperate with the guide part to limit the moving path of the locking rod, which is beneficial to ensure the guiding effect and stability during guiding.

[0013] Preferably, the guide portion is arc-shaped, and the guide portion is configured so that when a vertical external force acts on the unlocking portion, one end of the lock rod connected to the lock tongue can be displaced in a tangential direction of the rotation direction of the lock tongue;

[0014] And / or, the guide portion is a long waist-shaped guide groove, the lock tongue and the lock rod are rotatably connected via a rotating shaft, the guide groove passes through the two side surfaces of the lock rod along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the guide matching structure passes through the guide groove, the guide matching structure is a guide rod, and the guide groove slides relative to the guide rod.

[0015] In this solution, when the guide portion is set to an arc shape, a vertical force or a horizontal force applied to the unlocking portion of the lock rod can achieve displacement of the lock rod in the tangential direction of the rotation direction of the lock tongue, so that the unlocking portion of the lock rod and the unlocking device providing the external force can be arranged at more positions, which increases the diversity of the positions that can be arranged, and is conducive to minimizing the occupied space through reasonable layout;

[0016] The structural feature of the groove structure allows the guide part to be set by using the lock rod itself, without the need to set an additional guide part on the outer wall of the lock rod, which is conducive to improving space utilization and further reducing the space occupied by the secondary locking mechanism. At the same time, the guide groove runs through the two sides of the lock rod, so that the guide matching structure can pass through the guide groove, and then the two ends of the guide matching structure can be located on both sides of the lock rod, which is conducive to improving the balance of the lock rod when moving.

[0017] Preferably, the secondary locking mechanism further comprises a mounting seat, the mounting seat is fixedly mounted on the lock base or an external fixed structure, and the end of the guide matching structure is connected to the mounting seat to be fixed relative to the lock base.

[0018] In this solution, the mounting seat provides convenience for fixing the guide matching structure.

[0019] Preferably, the locking rod includes a connecting portion, which is connected to the unlocking portion and extends toward the lock tongue. One end of the connecting portion is rotatably connected to the lock tongue. The unlocking portion extends from the other end of the connecting portion away from the lock tongue in a direction toward the bottom of the lock base. The unlocking portion is located outside the lock base. When the unlocking device acts on the unlocking portion, the locking rod drives the lock tongue to rotate to open the opening.

[0020] In this solution, the unlocking portion extends toward the outside of the lock base and toward the bottom of the lock base, so that the unlocking portion will protrude outward relative to the lock base and be located near the bottom of the lock base. This is particularly suitable for the case where the unlocking device is arranged below the lock base, so that the distance between the unlocking device and the unlocking portion is closer, which is conducive to shortening the unlocking path of the unlocking device. On the other hand, it also provides a setting space for the guide part, which is conducive to ensuring the adaptability of the size of the arc-shaped guide part and the rotation angle of the lock tongue.

[0021] Preferably, the unlocking portion is provided with an abutment surface facing the unlocking device, the extension direction of the abutment surface is the same as the extension direction of the connecting portion, the abutment surface is used for the unlocking device to abut against and move along the abutment surface, when the unlocking device changes from abutting against one end of the abutment surface to abutting against the other end of the abutment surface, the locking rod moves toward the direction close to the lock tongue to drive the lock tongue to open the opening; preferably, the abutment surface is planar, square, arc, triangle or prism-shaped; preferably, the abutment surface is higher than the bottom surface of the lock base.

[0022] In this solution, when the unlocking device applies a force toward the abutting surface, the connecting portion can be displaced in the tangential direction of the rotation direction of the lock tongue during the sliding process of the unlocking device along the abutting surface, thereby driving the lock tongue to rotate to open or close the opening, making the unlocking process more reliable. In addition, the extension direction of the abutting surface is the same as the extension direction of the connecting portion. During the unlocking process, the unlocking device can move on the abutting surface without getting stuck at a certain position on the abutting surface, thereby improving the unlocking stability of the secondary locking mechanism. At the same time, when the locking member of the battery pack moves along the cavity of the lock base, the top of the unlocking device can always rest against the abutting surface and maintain the vertical position of the unlocking portion, so that the lock tongue remains in an open state to avoid unlocking errors.

[0023] The unlocking device applies force on the abutting surface and moves along the extension direction of the connecting part on the horizontal plane without being stuck in a certain position. The unlocking stability is high. The abutting surface is a horizontal plane, which has greater fault tolerance. In the case of alignment deviation of the unlocking device or a torsion angle, it can always remain in the abutting surface. At the same time, the structure is simple and easy to process. The abutting surface is a concave square, which can limit the unlocking device so that the unlocking device cannot be separated from the abutting surface during the unlocking process. The abutting surface is a concave arc, a concave triangle or a concave prism, which can form an optimal unlocking line with the unlocking device and have appropriate fault tolerance, so that the unlocking device moves along the length direction of the lock connecting rod in the abutting surface and facilitates the stay of the unlocking device.

[0024] Among them, the abutment surface is higher than the bottom surface of the lock base, so that when the locking piece of the battery pack enters the cavity of the secondary locking mechanism, the battery pack and the locking rod will not interfere with each other, which is conducive to ensuring that the locking piece of the battery pack smoothly enters the secondary locking mechanism.

[0025] Preferably, the unlocking portion is recessed on one side of the lock base toward a direction away from the lock base.

[0026] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to avoid interference between the unlocking part and the lock base during the movement of the lock rod, which is conducive to ensuring the smooth movement of the lock rod, and also ensuring that the lock tongue can smoothly open or close the opening.

[0027] Preferably, the secondary locking mechanism also includes a reset component, which is configured to be able to undergo elastic deformation, and whose two ends are respectively connected to the locking rod and an external fixed structure. The reset component acts on the locking rod to drive the lock tongue to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state.

[0028] In this solution, the lock rod and the external fixing structure are connected by an elastic reset component. When the external force applied to the lock rod by the unlocking device is released, the lock rod can automatically return to the position in the locked state under the elastic force of the reset component without manual reset. On the other hand, the reset component can ensure that the lock tongue is always in a state of closing the opening in the absence of external force, which can prevent the locking piece of the battery pack from sliding off the opening and improve stability.

[0029] Preferably, the lock rod is provided with a first identification element, which is configured to move with the lock rod and is used to cooperate with a first detection element on the electric vehicle to obtain whether the lock tongue is in a locked state; preferably, a protrusion is provided at one end of the lock rod away from the lock base, the protrusion protrudes in a direction away from the lock base, and the first identification element is arranged on the protrusion.

[0030] In this solution, the user can know whether the lock tongue is in a locked state through the signal obtained and sent by the first detection element, and then obtain the battery replacement process of the electric vehicle to ensure the smooth progress of the battery replacement; the protrusion is used to raise the setting position of the first identification element, and the first detection element is correspondingly set at a higher position, so that when the lock rod is moving, the first detection element will not interfere with the lock rod, which is conducive to ensuring the smooth movement of the lock rod.

[0031] A locking device comprises a primary locking mechanism and a secondary locking mechanism as described above, wherein the primary locking mechanism is used for primary locking of a battery pack, and the secondary locking mechanism is used for secondary locking of the battery pack.

[0032] In this solution, the battery pack is locked using the primary locking mechanism and the secondary locking mechanism respectively, so that the locking function of the battery pack can be enhanced. If the primary locking mechanism is accidentally unlocked, the secondary locking mechanism can ensure that the battery pack will not fall from the electric vehicle, which is beneficial to improving the safety and integrity of the battery pack.

[0033] Preferably, both ends of the reset component of the secondary locking mechanism are respectively connected to the locking rod and the primary locking mechanism; preferably, the primary locking mechanism includes a primary lock base, and the reset component is connected to the primary lock base close to the locking rod;

[0034] Alternatively, two ends of the reset component of the secondary locking mechanism are respectively connected to the locking rod and the external fixed structure.

[0035] In this solution, when the two ends of the reset component are respectively connected to the locking rod and the primary locking mechanism, the primary locking mechanism and the secondary locking mechanism are integrated into one, thereby improving the space utilization of the locking device and being suitable for situations where the space at the connection between the electric vehicle and the battery pack is limited.

[0036] Preferably, the primary locking mechanism includes a locking rod, at least one primary lock tongue, and at least one primary lock base, the primary lock base is provided with a primary opening and a primary cavity extending from the primary opening, the primary opening is used for allowing a primary locking member installed on the battery pack to enter the primary cavity, the locking rod is rotatably connected to at least one primary lock tongue, and is used to drive the primary lock tongue to rotate under the action of an external force, so that the primary lock tongue can rotate relative to the primary lock base to change between a primary unlocking state and a primary locking state, and when the primary lock tongue is in the primary locking state, the primary lock tongue can prevent the primary locking member from leaving the primary cavity through the primary opening.

[0037] Preferably, the primary locking mechanism further comprises at least two elastic members, at least two of the elastic members are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the lock link, and both ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the lock link and the primary lock base or the battery mounting base; preferably, the primary locking mechanism comprises at least two primary lock bases, and the elastic member is located between any two of the primary lock bases;

[0038] And / or, an unlocking block is provided on one side of the lock link facing the bottom of the primary lock base, the unlocking block is a protrusion formed outward from the lock link, the unlocking block is provided with a primary abutting surface for abutment of an unlocking device, and the primary abutting surface faces the same direction as the abutting surface of the lock rod;

[0039] And / or, the lock link includes two rods, both of which have abutment surfaces extending along their length directions and facing each other, the two rods are connected to each other via the abutment surfaces, and both of which are connected to the primary lock tongue, and the outer peripheral edges of the two rods are bent away from each other to form a bending portion.

[0040] In this solution, two elastic members are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lock link, so that the lock link will not deviate to one side during the reset process under the action of elastic force, which is conducive to ensuring the force balance of the lock link. Specifically, the elastic member is located between any two of the first-level lock bases, and the space between the two first-level lock bases is reasonably used to arrange the elastic member, which improves the space utilization rate on the one hand, and allows the elastic member to be located in a relatively middle position on the other hand, so that the overall movement trajectory of the lock link is the same, which ensures that the rotation degree of the two lock tongues is the same;

[0041] The primary abutment surface of the primary lock base faces the same direction as the abutment surface of the secondary lock base, so that the unlocking stroke of the unlocking device when unlocking the primary locking mechanism and the secondary locking mechanism is consistent, which is conducive to improving the convenience of unlocking. On the other hand, the setting position and setting direction of the unlocking hole for the unlocking device to pass through the primary locking mechanism and the secondary locking mechanism can be the same, which is conducive to improving the orderliness of the structure;

[0042] The lock link is configured as a structure composed of two rods. Compared with a lock link that is integral and hollow in the middle, the structure composed of two rods facilitates setting a bending portion on the outer peripheral edge of the rod, which is beneficial to increasing the overall structural strength of the lock link. Compared with a lock link that is integral and solid in the middle, the structure composed of two rods can ensure light weight, that is, the lock link can take into account both light weight and structural strength.

[0043] Preferably, the primary locking mechanism and / or the secondary locking mechanism is provided with a second identification element, and the second identification element is used to cooperate with a second detection element on the battery exchange device to detect whether the primary locking mechanism and / or the secondary locking mechanism is in a locked state.

[0044] In this solution, the second identification element and the second detection element allow the user to know the internal locking status from the outside, and the user can monitor the locking status in real time, which is conducive to ensuring the smooth battery replacement of the electric vehicle.

[0045] An electric vehicle comprises the locking device as described above.

[0046] In this solution, when the electric vehicle uses the above-mentioned locking device to achieve the connection between the battery pack and the electric vehicle, since the above-mentioned locking device occupies a smaller space, there will be more free space to set up the battery pack, thereby improving the battery capacity and endurance of the electric vehicle.

[0047] The positive and progressive effects of the utility model are:

[0048] The utility model provides a lock rod and an unlocking part on the lock rod, and an external force acts on the unlocking part of the lock rod to indirectly drive the lock tongue to rotate, so that the secondary locking mechanism changes between the unlocking state and the locking state. Compared with the external force directly acting on the lock tongue to drive it to rotate, the lock rod increases the transmission relationship between the external force and the lock tongue, which is beneficial to increase the maximum rotation angle of the lock tongue driven by the external force on the one hand, thereby ensuring that the lock tongue can open or close the opening, and on the other hand, the force application position of the external force and the setting of the lock tongue are more flexible and diverse, thereby minimizing the space occupied by the secondary locking mechanism and the unlocking device providing the external force through reasonable layout. At the same time, the lock rod is also provided with a guide part. When the external force acts on the unlocking part, the lock rod will move along the moving path guided by the guide part, thereby improving the moving accuracy of the lock rod, thereby improving the accuracy of the lock tongue when rotating, avoiding the situation that the lock rod deviates from the correct moving path and causes the lock tongue to be unable to rotate, and ensuring that the secondary locking mechanism can be smoothly unlocked or locked. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the secondary locking mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0050] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a secondary locking mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0051] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a locking device of a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a primary locking mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0053] Figure 5 It is a top view of the primary locking mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0054] Figure 6 Another structural schematic diagram of the lock link of a preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0055] Description of Reference Numerals

[0056] Secondary locking mechanism 1

[0057] Lock base 11

[0058] Opening 111

[0059] Cavity 112

[0060] Lock tongue 12

[0061] Locking rod 13

[0062] Guide portion 131

[0063] Unlocking unit 132

[0064] Abutment surface 1321

[0065] Connection part 133

[0066] First identification element 134

[0067] Protrusion 135

[0068] Guide matching structure 14

[0069] Mounting Block 15

[0070] Reset component 16

[0071] Primary locking mechanism 2

[0072] Lock link 21

[0073] Unlock block 211

[0074] Rod 212

[0075] Bending portion 213

[0076] Primary contact surface 2111

[0077] First level lock tongue 22

[0078] Primary lock base 23

[0079] Level 1 opening 231

[0080] Primary cavity 232

[0081] Elastic member 24

[0082] Second identification element 3 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] A preferred embodiment is given below, and the present invention is described more clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0084] like Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, this embodiment discloses a two-level locking mechanism 1, which includes a lock base 11, a lock tongue 12 and a lock rod 13. The lock base 11 is provided with an opening 111 and a cavity 112 extending from the opening 111 to the interior of the lock base 11, and the opening 111 is used for a locking member installed on the battery pack to enter the cavity 112; the lock tongue 12 is located in the cavity 112, and the lock tongue 12 is configured to be rotatable relative to the lock base 11 to open or close the opening 111, so as to change between an unlocked state and a locked state; one end of the lock rod 13 is rotatably connected to the lock tongue 12, and the lock rod 13 is provided with a guide portion 131 and an unlocking portion 132. When an external force acts on the unlocking portion 132, the lock rod 13 moves along the moving path guided by the guide portion 131 to drive the lock tongue 12 to rotate relative to the lock base 11 to open the opening 111.

[0085] By providing a lock rod 13 and providing an unlocking portion 132 on the lock rod 13, an external force acts on the unlocking portion 132 of the lock rod 13 to indirectly drive the lock tongue 12 to rotate, so that the secondary locking mechanism 1 changes between the unlocked state and the locked state. Compared with the external force directly acting on the lock tongue 12 to drive it to rotate, this embodiment increases the transmission relationship between the external force and the lock tongue 12 through the lock rod 13. On the one hand, it is beneficial to increase the maximum rotation angle of the lock tongue 12 driven by the external force, and then it is beneficial to ensure that the lock tongue 12 can open or close the opening 111. On the other hand, it makes the force application position of the external force and the setting of the lock tongue 12 more flexible and diverse, and then it is beneficial to minimize the space occupied by the secondary locking mechanism 1 and the unlocking device providing the external force through reasonable layout. At the same time, the locking rod 13 is also provided with a guide portion 131. When an external force acts on the unlocking portion 132, the locking rod 13 will move along the moving path guided by the guide portion 131, which is beneficial to improve the movement accuracy of the locking rod 13, and then help to improve the accuracy of the rotation of the lock tongue 12, avoiding the situation where the locking rod 13 deviates from the correct moving path and causes the lock tongue 12 to be unable to rotate, which is beneficial to ensure that the secondary locking mechanism 1 can be unlocked or locked smoothly.

[0086] In this embodiment, the secondary locking mechanism 1 further includes a guide matching structure 14, which cooperates with the guide portion 131 to limit the moving path of the lock rod 13. Specifically, the guide matching structure 14 is fixed relative to the lock base 11. When an external force acts on the unlocking portion 132, the unlocking portion 132 drives the guide portion 131 to slide relative to the guide matching structure 14 to limit the moving path and / or the extreme moving position of the lock rod 13. Using a relatively fixed guide matching structure 14 to cooperate with the guide portion 131 to limit the moving path of the lock rod 13 is conducive to ensuring the guiding effect and stability during guiding. In other embodiments, the guiding effect can also be achieved by only using the guide portion 131.

[0087] The guide portion 131 is in an arc shape, and is configured so that when a vertical external force acts on the unlocking portion 132, the end of the lock rod 13 connected to the lock tongue 12 can be displaced in the tangential direction of the rotation direction of the lock tongue 12. When the guide portion 131 is configured in an arc shape, a vertical force or a horizontal force applied to the unlocking portion 132 of the lock rod 13 can cause the lock rod 13 to be displaced in the tangential direction of the rotation direction of the lock tongue 12, thereby increasing the number of positions that can be set for the unlocking portion 132 of the lock rod 13 and the unlocking device that provides the external force, thereby increasing the diversity of positions that can be set, and facilitating minimization of the space occupied by the unlocking portion 132 through a reasonable layout. In this embodiment, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the center of the arc-shaped guide portion 131 is located within the region of the lock rod 13 facing the lock base 11. In other embodiments, the center of the arc-shaped guide portion 131 may be located within the region of the lock rod 13 facing away from the lock base 11.

[0088] In this embodiment, the guide portion 131 is a long waist-shaped guide groove, the lock tongue 12 and the lock rod 13 are rotatably connected through a rotating shaft, the guide groove passes through the two side surfaces of the lock rod 13 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the guide matching structure 14 passes through the guide groove and slides relative to the guide groove. The structural characteristics of the groove-shaped structure make it possible to use the lock rod 13 itself to set the guide portion 131, without the need to additionally set the guide portion 131 on the outer wall surface of the lock rod 13, which is conducive to improving space utilization and further reducing the space occupied by the secondary locking mechanism 1. At the same time, the guide groove passes through the two side surfaces of the lock rod 13, so that the guide matching structure 14 can pass through the guide groove, and then the two ends of the guide matching structure 14 can be respectively located on the two sides of the lock rod 13, which is also conducive to improving the balance of the lock rod 13 when moving.

[0089] In other embodiments, the guide groove may not penetrate the two side surfaces of the locking rod 13, but guide grooves of the same shape and size that do not penetrate the locking rod 13 are respectively provided on the two side surfaces of the locking rod 13, and guide matching structures 14 are respectively provided on the two side surfaces of the locking rod 13 to cooperate with the guide grooves to guide the locking rod 13. Of course, the guide portion 131 may not be a groove-shaped structure, and the guide portion 131 may be a structure that protrudes outward relative to the side surface of the locking rod 13, and the guide surface formed by the outward protruding structure cooperates with the guide matching structure 14 to guide the locking rod 13.

[0090] In order to facilitate the fixing of the guide matching structure 14, the secondary locking mechanism 1 further includes a mounting seat 15. In this embodiment, the mounting seat 15 is fixedly mounted on an external fixing structure, and the end of the guide matching structure 14 is connected to the mounting seat 15 to be fixed relative to the lock base 11. In other embodiments, the mounting seat 15 can also be fixedly mounted on the lock base 11. The end of the guide matching structure 14 is connected to the mounting seat 15, so that the matching between the guide matching structure 14 and the guide portion 131 will not be affected.

[0091] The guide matching structure is a guide rod, both ends of which are fixed by mounting seats, and a guide sleeve is sleeved on the guide rod to reduce friction when the guide part slides relative to the guide rod.

[0092] The lock rod 13 includes a connecting portion 133, which is connected to the unlocking portion 132 and extends toward the lock tongue 12. One end of the connecting portion 133 is rotatably connected to the lock tongue 12, and the unlocking portion 132 extends from the other end of the connecting portion 133 away from the lock tongue 12 in a direction toward the bottom of the lock base 11. The unlocking portion 132 is located outside the lock base 11. When the unlocking device acts on the unlocking portion 132, the lock rod 13 drives the lock tongue 12 to rotate to open the opening 111. The unlocking portion 132 extends toward the outside of the lock base 11 and toward the bottom of the lock base 11, so that the unlocking portion 132 will protrude outward relative to the lock base 11 and be located near the bottom of the lock base 11. This is particularly suitable for the case where the unlocking device is arranged below the lock base 11, so that the distance between the unlocking device and the unlocking portion 132 can be closer, which is also conducive to shortening the unlocking path of the unlocking device. On the other hand, it also provides a setting space for the guide portion 131 , which is beneficial to ensure the adaptability of the size of the arc-shaped guide portion 131 to the rotation angle of the lock tongue 12 .

[0093] The unlocking portion 132 is provided with an abutting surface 1321 facing the unlocking device, and the extension direction of the abutting surface 1321 is the same as the extension direction of the connecting portion 133. The abutting surface 1321 is used for the unlocking device to abut against and move along the abutting surface 1321. When the unlocking device changes from abutting against one end of the abutting surface 1321 to abutting against the other end of the abutting surface 1321, the lock rod 13 moves toward the direction close to the lock tongue 12 to drive the lock tongue 12 to open the opening 111. When the unlocking device applies a force toward the abutting surface 1321, the connecting portion 133 can be displaced in the tangential direction of the rotation direction of the lock tongue 12 during the sliding process of the unlocking device along the abutting surface 1321, thereby driving the lock tongue 12 to rotate to open or close the opening 111, making the unlocking process more reliable. Furthermore, the extension direction of the abutting surface 1321 is the same as that of the connecting portion 133. During the unlocking process, the unlocking device can move on the abutting surface 1321 without getting stuck at a certain position on the abutting surface 1321, thereby improving the unlocking stability of the secondary locking mechanism 1. At the same time, when the locking member of the battery pack moves along the cavity of the lock base 11, the top of the unlocking device can always abut against the abutting surface 1321 and maintain the vertical position of the unlocking portion 132, so that the lock tongue 12 remains in an open state, thereby avoiding unlocking errors.

[0094] Among them, the abutment surface 1321 is higher than the bottom surface of the lock base 11, so that when the locking piece of the battery pack enters the cavity 112 of the secondary locking mechanism 1, the battery pack and the locking rod 13 will not interfere with each other, which is conducive to ensuring that the locking piece of the battery pack smoothly enters the secondary locking mechanism 1.

[0095] Specifically, the abutting surface 1321 can be in the shape of a plane, a concave square, a concave arc, a concave triangle or a concave prism. The unlocking device applies force on the abutting surface 1321 and moves along the extension direction of the connecting portion 133 on the horizontal plane without being stuck in a certain position. The unlocking stability is high. The abutting surface 1321 is a horizontal plane, which has greater fault tolerance. In the case of alignment deviation or torsion angle of the unlocking device, it can always remain in the abutting surface. At the same time, the structure is simple and the processing is convenient. The abutting surface 1321 is a concave square, which can limit the unlocking device, so that the unlocking device cannot be separated from the abutting surface 1321 during the unlocking process. The abutting surface 1321 is a concave arc, a concave triangle or a concave prism, which can form an optimal unlocking line with the unlocking device and have appropriate fault tolerance, so that the unlocking device moves along the length direction of the lock rod or the lock connecting rod in the abutting surface 1321, and it is convenient for the unlocking device to stay.

[0096] In order to avoid interference between the unlocking portion 132 and the lock base 11 during the movement of the lock rod 13, the unlocking portion 132 is recessed towards the side of the lock base 11 away from the lock base 11, thereby facilitating the smooth movement of the lock rod 13 and ensuring that the lock tongue 12 can smoothly open or close the opening 111.

[0097] The secondary locking mechanism 1 also includes a reset component 16, which is configured to be elastically deformable. The two ends of the reset component 16 are respectively connected to the lock rod 13 and an external fixed structure. The reset component 16 acts on the lock rod 13 to drive the lock tongue 12 to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state. The lock rod 13 and the external fixed structure are connected by an elastic reset component 16. When the external force applied to the lock rod 13 by the unlocking device is released, the lock rod 13 can automatically return to the position in the locked state under the elastic force of the reset component 16 without manual reset. On the other hand, the reset component 16 can ensure that in the absence of external force, the lock tongue 12 is always in a state of closing the opening 111, which can prevent the locking piece of the battery pack from slipping from the opening 111 and improve stability.

[0098] The external fixing structure may be other lock bases 11, or may be fixed to a longitudinal beam or a bracket of the electric vehicle. In this embodiment, the reset component 16 is a spring. In other embodiments, the reset component 16 may also be other elastic structures.

[0099] The lock rod 13 is provided with a first identification element 134, which is configured to move with the lock rod 13 and to cooperate with the first detection element on the electric vehicle to obtain whether the lock tongue 12 is in a locked state, so that the user can obtain and send a signal from the first detection element to know the locking state of the lock tongue 12, and then obtain the battery replacement process of the electric vehicle to ensure the smooth progress of the battery replacement. In this embodiment, the first identification element 134 is a magnet, and the first detection element is a Hall sensor. In other embodiments, the first identification element 134 and the first detection element can be other components that can recognize each other.

[0100] Preferably, a protrusion 135 is provided at one end of the lock rod 13 away from the lock base 11, the protrusion 135 protrudes in a direction away from the lock base 11, and the first identification element 134 is arranged on the protrusion 135. The protrusion 135 is used to raise the setting position of the first identification element 134, and the first detection element is correspondingly arranged at a higher position, so that during the movement of the lock rod 13, the first detection element will not interfere with the lock rod 13, which is conducive to ensuring the smooth movement of the lock rod 13.

[0101] The secondary locking mechanism in this embodiment can be used independently or in combination with other locking mechanisms.

[0102] like Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment also discloses a locking device, including a primary locking mechanism 2 and a secondary locking mechanism 1 as described above, wherein the primary locking mechanism 2 is used for primary locking of the battery pack, and the secondary locking mechanism 1 is used for secondary locking of the battery pack. By using the primary locking mechanism 2 and the secondary locking mechanism 1 to lock the battery pack respectively, the locking function of the battery pack can be enhanced. If the primary locking mechanism 2 is accidentally unlocked, the secondary locking mechanism 1 can ensure that the battery pack will not fall off the electric vehicle, which is beneficial to improving safety and the integrity of the battery pack.

[0103] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the primary locking mechanism 2 includes a lock link 21, two primary lock tongues 22, and two primary lock bases 23. The two primary lock tongues 22 are rotatably installed in the two primary lock bases 23, respectively. The primary lock base 23 is provided with a primary opening 231 and a primary cavity 232 extending from the primary opening 231. The primary opening 231 is used for allowing a primary locking member installed on a battery pack to enter the primary cavity 232. The lock link 21 is rotatably connected to the two primary lock tongues 22, and is used to drive the primary lock tongue 22 to rotate under the action of an external force, so that the primary lock tongue 22 can rotate relative to the primary lock base 23 to change between a primary unlocking state and a primary locking state. When the primary lock tongue 22 is in the primary locking state, the primary lock tongue 22 can prevent the primary locking member from leaving the primary cavity 232 from the primary opening 231. By providing two primary lock bases 23 and two primary lock tongues 22, the occupied space of the primary locking mechanism 2 can be reduced, which is particularly suitable for the case where the space at the connection between the electric vehicle and the battery pack is limited. In other embodiments, the primary locking mechanism 2 may include three primary lock bases 23 and three primary lock tongues 22, or may include more primary lock bases 23 and primary lock tongues 22. The number of the primary lock bases 23 and the primary lock tongues 22 is not limited to two, and may be one or three or more.

[0104] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the two ends of the reset component 16 of the secondary locking mechanism 1 are respectively connected to the lock rod 13 and the primary locking mechanism 2, so that the primary locking mechanism 2 and the secondary locking mechanism 1 are integrated into one, which improves the space utilization of the locking device and is suitable for the situation where the space at the connection between the electric vehicle and the battery pack is limited. Preferably, the reset component 16 is connected to the primary lock base 23 close to the lock rod 13.

[0105] In another embodiment, two ends of the reset component 16 of the secondary locking mechanism 1 are respectively connected to the locking rod 13 and an external fixed structure, wherein the external fixed structure may be a longitudinal beam or other brackets.

[0106] like Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the primary locking mechanism 2 also includes two elastic members 24, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the lock link 21, and the two ends of the elastic member 24 are respectively connected to the lock link 21 and the primary lock base 23 or the battery mounting seat. Two elastic members 24 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lock link 21, so that the lock link 21 will not deviate to one side during the process of resetting under the action of elastic force, which is conducive to ensuring the force balance of the lock link 21. Specifically, the elastic member 24 is located between any two primary lock bases 23, and the space between the two primary lock bases 23 is reasonably used to set the elastic member 24. On the one hand, the space utilization rate is improved, and on the other hand, the elastic member 24 can be located in a relatively middle position, thereby making the overall movement trajectory of the lock link 21 the same, which also ensures that the rotation degree of the two lock tongues 12 is the same. In other embodiments, the primary locking mechanism 2 can also include more elastic members 24, such as four or six, and the four elastic members 24 or six elastic members 24 are symmetrically arranged in pairs.

[0107] An unlocking block 211 is provided on one side of the lock link 21 facing the bottom of the primary lock base 23. The unlocking block 211 is a protrusion formed outward from the lock link 21. The unlocking block 211 is provided with a primary abutting surface 2111 for the unlocking device to abut. The primary abutting surface 2111 faces the same direction as the abutting surface 1321 of the lock rod 13, so that the unlocking stroke when the unlocking device unlocks the primary locking mechanism 2 and the secondary locking mechanism 1 is consistent, which is conducive to improving the convenience of unlocking. On the other hand, the setting position and setting direction of the unlocking hole for the unlocking device to pass through at the primary locking mechanism 2 and the secondary locking mechanism 1 can be the same, which is conducive to improving the orderliness of the structure.

[0108] In one embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the lock link 21 includes two rods 212, and the two rods 212 have abutment surfaces extending along the length direction thereof and facing each other. The two rods 212 are connected to each other through the abutment surfaces, and the two rods 212 are connected to the primary lock tongue 22. The outer peripheral edges of the two rods 212 are bent away from each other to form a bending portion 213. Compared with the integral and hollow lock link 21, the structure formed by assembling the two rods 212 facilitates the setting of the bending portion 213 on the outer peripheral edge of the rod 212, which is beneficial to increase the overall structural strength of the lock link 21. Compared with the integral and solid lock link 21, the structure formed by assembling the two rods 212 can ensure light weight, that is, the lock link 21 can take into account both light weight and structural strength. In other embodiments, such as Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, the lock link 21 can be integral.

[0109] The primary locking mechanism 2 and / or the secondary locking mechanism 1 are provided with a second identification element 3, and the second identification element 3 is used to cooperate with the second detection element on the battery replacement device to detect whether the primary locking mechanism 2 and / or the secondary locking mechanism 1 are in a locked state, so that the user can know the internal locking status from the outside, and the user can monitor the locking state in real time, which is conducive to ensuring the smooth battery replacement of the electric vehicle. Specifically, the second identification element 3 is set on the lock link 21 of the primary locking mechanism 2 and the lock rod 13 of the secondary locking mechanism 1. When the lock rod 13 and the lock link 21 move, the second identification element 3 moves with the lock rod 13 and the lock link 21, and the relative position of the second identification element 3 and the reference element on the electric vehicle changes. The second detection element obtains the position change of the second identification element 3 based on the reference element to determine whether the primary locking mechanism 2 and / or the secondary locking mechanism 1 are in a locked state.

[0110] This embodiment also discloses an electric vehicle, which includes the locking device as described above. When the electric vehicle uses the locking device to connect the battery pack to the electric vehicle, since the locking device occupies a small space, there will be more free space to set the battery pack, thereby increasing the battery capacity and battery life of the electric vehicle.

[0111] Although the specific implementations of the utility model are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that this is only an example, and the protection scope of the utility model is defined by the attached claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these implementations without departing from the principle and essence of the utility model, but these changes and modifications fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A two-stage locking mechanism, characterized in that: The secondary locking mechanism comprises: A lock base, the lock base is provided with an opening and a cavity extending from the opening to the interior of the lock base, the opening is used for a locking member installed on the battery pack to enter the cavity; A lock tongue, the lock tongue being located in the cavity, the lock tongue being arranged to be rotatable relative to the lock base to open or close the opening, so as to change between an unlocked state and a locked state; A locking rod, one end of which is rotatably connected to the locking tongue, and the locking rod is provided with a guiding portion and an unlocking portion. When an external force acts on the unlocking portion, the locking rod moves along a moving path guided by the guiding portion to drive the locking tongue to rotate relative to the lock base to open the opening.

2. The secondary locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary locking mechanism also includes a guide matching structure, which is fixed relative to the lock base. When an external force acts on the unlocking part, the unlocking part drives the guide part to slide relative to the guide matching structure to limit the movement path and / or extreme movement position of the locking rod.

3. The secondary locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide portion is arc-shaped, and is configured so that when a vertical external force acts on the unlocking portion, one end of the lock rod connected to the lock tongue can be displaced in a tangential direction of the rotation direction of the lock tongue; And / or, the guide portion is a long waist-shaped guide groove, the lock tongue and the lock rod are rotatably connected via a rotating shaft, the guide groove passes through the two side surfaces of the lock rod along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the guide matching structure passes through the guide groove, the guide matching structure is a guide rod, and the guide groove slides relative to the guide rod.

4. The secondary locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary locking mechanism also includes a mounting seat, which is fixedly mounted on the lock base or an external fixed structure, and the end of the guide matching structure is connected to the mounting seat to be fixed relative to the lock base.

5. The secondary locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking rod includes a connecting portion, which is connected to the unlocking portion and extends toward the lock tongue. One end of the connecting portion is rotatably connected to the lock tongue. The unlocking portion extends from the other end of the connecting portion away from the lock tongue in a direction toward the bottom of the lock base. The unlocking portion is located outside the lock base. When the unlocking device acts on the unlocking portion, the locking rod drives the lock tongue to rotate to open the opening.

6. The secondary locking mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The unlocking portion is provided with an abutment surface facing the unlocking device, and the extension direction of the abutment surface is the same as the extension direction of the connecting portion. The abutment surface is used for the unlocking device to abut against and move along the abutment surface. When the unlocking device changes from abutting against one end of the abutment surface to abutting against the other end of the abutment surface, the locking rod moves toward the direction close to the locking tongue to drive the locking tongue to open the opening.

7. The secondary locking mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The abutting surface is in the shape of a plane, a concave square, a concave arc, a concave triangle or a concave prism.

8. The secondary locking mechanism according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The abutting surface is higher than the bottom surface of the lock base.

9. The secondary locking mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The unlocking portion is recessed toward a side of the lock base and away from the lock base.

10. The secondary locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary locking mechanism also includes a reset component, which is configured to be elastically deformable, and whose two ends are respectively connected to the locking rod and an external fixed structure. The reset component acts on the locking rod to drive the locking tongue to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state.

11. The secondary locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lock rod is provided with a first identification element, which is arranged to move with the lock rod and is used to cooperate with a first detection element on the electric vehicle to determine whether the lock tongue is in a locked state.

12. The secondary locking mechanism according to claim 11, characterized in that: A protrusion is provided at one end of the lock rod away from the lock base. The protrusion protrudes in a direction away from the lock base, and the first identification element is arranged on the protrusion.

13. A locking device, characterized in that: It comprises a primary locking mechanism and a secondary locking mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the primary locking mechanism is used for primary locking of the battery pack, and the secondary locking mechanism is used for secondary locking of the battery pack.

14. The locking device according to claim 13, characterized in that: Two ends of the reset component of the secondary locking mechanism are respectively connected to the locking rod and the primary locking mechanism; Alternatively, two ends of the reset component of the secondary locking mechanism are respectively connected to the locking rod and the external fixed structure.

15. The locking device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The primary locking mechanism comprises a primary lock base, and the reset component is connected to the primary lock base close to the locking rod.

16. The locking device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The primary locking mechanism includes a locking rod, at least one primary locking tongue, and at least one primary lock base. The primary lock base is provided with a primary opening and a primary cavity extending from the primary opening. The primary opening is used for allowing a primary locking member installed on a battery pack to enter the primary cavity. The locking rod is rotatably connected to at least one primary locking tongue, and is used to drive the primary locking tongue to rotate under the action of an external force, so that the primary locking tongue can rotate relative to the primary lock base to change between a primary unlocking state and a primary locking state. When the primary locking tongue is in the primary locking state, the primary locking tongue can prevent the primary locking member from leaving the primary cavity through the primary opening.

17. The locking device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The primary locking mechanism further comprises at least two elastic members, at least two of which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the lock link, and two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the lock link and the primary lock base or battery mounting seat; And / or, an unlocking block is provided on one side of the lock link facing the bottom of the primary lock base, the unlocking block is a protrusion formed outward from the lock link, the unlocking block is provided with a primary abutting surface for abutment of an unlocking device, and the primary abutting surface faces the same direction as the abutting surface of the lock rod; And / or, the lock link includes two rods, both of which have abutment surfaces extending along their length directions and facing each other, the two rods are connected to each other via the abutment surfaces, and both of which are connected to the primary lock tongue, and the outer peripheral edges of the two rods are bent away from each other to form a bending portion.

18. The locking device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The primary locking mechanism comprises at least two primary lock bases, and the elastic member is located between any two primary lock bases.

19. The locking device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The primary locking mechanism and / or the secondary locking mechanism is provided with a second identification element, and the second identification element is used to cooperate with a second detection element on the battery exchange device to detect whether the primary locking mechanism and / or the secondary locking mechanism is in a locked state.

20. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: The electric vehicle comprises a locking device as described in any one of claims 13-19.

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