Low-temperature biomass gasification equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of biomass gasification equipment, and particularly relates to low-temperature biomass gasification equipment which comprises a base, a feeding box, a gasification furnace, a feeding bin and a purification box, supporting legs are fixedly connected to the periphery of the bottom of the feeding box, and the bottoms of the supporting legs are fixedly connected to the right portion of the upper surface of the base; the bottom of the gasification furnace is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the base, the bottom of the purification box is fixedly connected to the left side of the upper surface of the base, the bottom of the feeding bin is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the gasification furnace, and a feeding structure is arranged in the feeding box. According to the low-temperature biomass gasification equipment, large-size biomass raw materials can be crushed into smaller particles through rotation of a stirring cutter, subsequent heating and gasification reaction are facilitated, the raw materials are preheated through a heating lamp, redundant water in the raw materials can be removed, the dryness of the raw materials is improved, then the gasification efficiency is improved, the crushed and preheated raw materials are recycled, and the product quality is improved. The surface area is increased and the gasification reaction is more sufficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass gasification equipment, in particular to low-temperature biomass gasification equipment. Background Art

[0002] Biomass gasification refers to the process of pressing biomass raw materials (waste wood, sawdust, wheat straw, rice straw, etc.) into shape or simply crushing them, and then sending them into a biomass gasifier for cracking and gasification under oxygen-deficient conditions to obtain biomass fuel gas. The principle of biomass gasification is that under certain thermodynamic conditions, with the help of gasification media (air, oxygen or water vapor, etc.), the polymers of biomass undergo pyrolysis, oxidation, reduction, and reforming reactions to obtain combustible gases such as CO, H2 and CH4.

[0003] A Chinese patent with publication number CN217535925U discloses a biomass gasification device, including a gasifier, which also includes a catalytic reaction furnace and a water vapor supply device; a catalytic tube and a first heating device are arranged in the catalytic reaction furnace, a catalyst is arranged in the catalytic tube, and the first heating device is arranged on the periphery of the catalytic tube; an air inlet is arranged at the lower end of the catalytic tube, and an air outlet is arranged at the upper end; the air inlet is respectively connected to the gasifier and the water vapor supply device, and the place where the air inlet is connected to the gasifier is higher than the place where the air inlet is connected to the water vapor supply device.

[0004] The above-mentioned existing technical solutions have the following defects: the feeding amount and feeding speed cannot be controlled, resulting in no way to ensure that the raw materials can enter the gasifier evenly and stably, and the humidity of the biomass raw materials has a significant impact on the gasification process. If the humidity of the raw materials is too high, it will not only reduce the gasification efficiency, but also may cause excessive tar and other harmful substances to be produced during the gasification process, thereby affecting the quality of the gasification product and the normal operation of the equipment.

[0005] To this end, we proposed a low-temperature biomass gasification equipment to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a low-temperature biomass gasification device to solve the problems in the above background technology that the feeding amount and feeding speed cannot be controlled and the raw materials are not pre-treated.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a low-temperature biomass gasification equipment, including a base, a loading box, a gasifier, a feeding bin and a purification box, the bottom of the loading box is fixedly connected with support legs around the bottom, the bottom of the support legs is fixedly connected to the right side of the upper surface of the base, the bottom of the gasifier is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the base, the bottom of the purification box is fixedly connected to the left side of the upper surface of the base, the bottom of the feeding bin is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the gasifier, and a loading structure is arranged inside the loading box;

[0008] The feeding structure includes a crushing and heating unit and an automatic feeding unit;

[0009] The crushing and heating unit comprises a door, a hinge, a handle, a bottom plate, a first motor, a stirring blade and a heating lamp;

[0010] The automatic feeding unit comprises a fixed plate, a movable plate, a fixed block, a cylinder, a limiting column, a movable sleeve, a limiting block and a feeding plate.

[0011] Preferably, a box door is opened on the upper right side of the loading box, and the box door is hinged to the loading box by a hinge, the handle is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the box door, the heating lamp is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the box door, the first motor is fixedly connected to the right side of the front of the loading box, both ends of the stirring knife are rotatably connected to both sides of the inner wall of the loading box, one end of the stirring knife extends outward and is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, and the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the middle part of the loading box. The heating lamp can heat the inside of the loading box when the box door is closed to maintain the temperature of the material, and the hinge design enables the box door to be easily opened and closed, while ensuring that the connection between the box door and the loading box is firm and reliable.

[0012] Preferably, both ends of the fixed plate are fixedly connected to the left side of the inner part of the feeding box, the bottom of the movable plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixed block, the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower surface of the fixed block, the movable sleeve is fixedly connected to the left side of the lower surface of the fixed block, the left side of the fixed block is movably connected to the limit column through the movable sleeve, the bottom of the limit column is fixedly connected to the left side of the inner part of the feeding box, the limit block is fixedly connected below the limit column, and the unloading plate is rotatably connected to the upper left side of the feeding box through a connecting strip, and the fixed plate provides a stable support for the movable plate and the fixed block, ensuring the stable movement of the movable part in the feeding box, and the cylinder drives the movable plate to move up and down through the fixed block, thereby realizing automatic control and improving the automation degree and work efficiency of the equipment.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom plate is tilted at a certain angle, and a heating plate is arranged inside the bottom plate. The tilted bottom plate design helps the biomass raw materials to slide smoothly to the next process, reducing the blockage and accumulation of raw materials during the feeding process. The heating plate can dry the raw materials and improve the efficiency and effect of the subsequent gasification reaction.

[0014] Preferably, a stirring device is provided inside the feed bin, a cross bracket is fixedly connected above the feed bin, the second motor is arranged in the middle of the cross bracket, a stirring shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor, stirring roller one and stirring roller two are respectively provided on the stirring shaft, and the stirring device can ensure that the biomass raw materials are evenly distributed in the feed bin.

[0015] Preferably, the stirring roller one and the stirring roller two are in a cross shape and are distributed up and down, and the length of the stirring roller one is greater than the length of the stirring roller two, so that the stirring device can cover a larger space in the silo, thereby improving the stirring effect and the uniformity of the raw material distribution.

[0016] Preferably, a gas pipe is connected to the upper left side of the gasification furnace, one end of the gas pipe is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the purification box, an outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the lower front of the purification box, support blocks 1 are fixedly connected to the upper sides of the interior of the purification box, and support blocks 2 are fixedly connected to the lower sides of the interior of the purification box, and filter screens 1 and 2 are overlapped on the top of support blocks 1 and 2, respectively, so that the gas generated by gasification can smoothly enter the purification box for purification, remove impurities and harmful substances therein, and ensure the quality of the gas finally produced.

[0017] Preferably, the filter holes of the filter mesh 1 are larger than the filter holes of the filter mesh 2, so that the filter mesh 1 and the filter mesh 2 can respectively remove impurities of different sizes, realize graded filtration, and improve purification efficiency and quality.

[0018] Preferably, the fixed plate and the movable plate are placed crosswise, and the crosswise placement of the fixed plate and the movable plate can increase the stability and bearing capacity of the feeding structure, ensuring that the biomass raw materials can move steadily and smoothly during the feeding process.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0020] 1. The low-temperature biomass gasification equipment can break large-sized biomass raw materials into smaller particles through the rotation of the stirring blade, which is helpful for the subsequent heating and gasification reaction. The heating lamp preheats the raw materials, which can remove excess moisture in the raw materials, increase the dryness of the raw materials, and thus improve the gasification efficiency. The surface area of ​​the broken and preheated raw materials is increased, and the gasification reaction is more complete, which can increase the gas production and gas quality.

[0021] 2. When loading the low-temperature biomass gasification equipment, the cylinder drives the movable plate to move downward, so that the biomass raw materials slide smoothly from the bottom plate to the movable plate. Then, the cylinder drives the movable plate to move upward, and the material on the movable plate naturally falls onto the fixed plate, and finally enters the gasifier through the feed bin, thus completing the entire loading process efficiently and orderly.

[0022] 3. In this low-temperature biomass gasification equipment, the gas generated by the gasifier enters the purification box smoothly through the gas pipe, and is graded and filtered by filter mesh 1 and filter mesh 2 to remove impurities and harmful substances of different sizes, ensuring the quality of the final output gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall front structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall back structure of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall right side structure of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the purification box of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the feeding structure of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the stirring structure of the present utility model.

[0029] In the figure: 1 base, 101 supporting leg, 2 loading box, 201 box door, 202 hinge, 203 handle, 204 bottom plate, 3 gasification furnace, 4 feeding bin, 401 cross bracket, 402 second motor, 403 stirring shaft, 404 stirring roller one, 405 stirring roller two, 5 purification box, 501 gas pipe, 502 outlet pipe, 601 first motor, 602 stirring knife, 603 heating lamp, 7 fixed plate, 8 movable plate, 801 fixed block, 802 cylinder, 803 limiting column, 804 movable sleeve, 805 limiting block, 9 unloading plate, 1001 supporting block one, 1002 supporting block two, 1003 filter one, 1004 filter two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0031] See also Figure 1-Figure 6The utility model provides a technical solution: a low-temperature biomass gasification device, including a base 1, a feeding box 2, a gasifier 3, a feeding bin 4 and a purification box 5. The base 1 serves as a supporting structure of the entire device to ensure that the gasification device is stable and reliable, and to prevent shaking or displacement during operation, thereby ensuring the continuity and stability of the gasification process. The bottom of the feeding box 2 is fixedly connected with support legs 101. The feeding box 2 is used as a storage and pretreatment area for biomass raw materials. The raw materials are crushed and preheated through the crushing and heating unit inside it to provide suitable raw material conditions for the subsequent gasification process. The bottom of the support leg 101 is fixedly connected to the right side of the upper surface of the base 1, and the bottom of the gasifier 3 is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the base 1. It is the core component of biomass gasification. By controlling the reaction between fuel and oxygen, the biomass raw materials undergo chemical changes at high temperature to generate combustible gas. The bottom of the purification box 5 is fixedly connected to the left side of the upper surface of the base 1. The purification box 5 purifies the gas generated by gasification, removes impurities and harmful substances therein, and ensures the quality of the final gas output. Through the graded filtration of filter screen 1 1001 and filter screen 2 1002, impurities of different sizes are effectively removed, thereby improving the purification efficiency. The bottom of the feed bin 4 is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the gasifier 3, and the feed bin 4 is connected to the gasifier 3 to ensure that the raw materials can enter the gasifier 3 evenly and continuously for gasification. The internal stirring device can effectively prevent the raw materials from accumulating in the bin or forming dead corners, thereby improving the gasification efficiency. A feeding structure is provided inside the feeding box 2;

[0032] The feeding structure includes a crushing and heating unit and an automatic feeding unit;

[0033] The crushing and heating unit includes a box door 201, a hinge 202, a handle 203, a bottom plate 204, a first motor 601, a stirring blade 602 and a heating lamp 603. A box door 201 is provided on the upper right side of the feeding box 2. The box door 201 is hinged to the feeding box 2 through the hinge 202. The handle 203 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the box door 201. The heating lamp 603 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the box door 201. The heating lamp 603 is located on the lower surface of the box door 201. When the heating lamp 603 is turned on, it will heat the biomass raw material on the bottom plate 204, remove excess moisture in the raw material, and improve the dryness of the raw material. The first motor 601 is fixedly connected to the right side of the front of the feeding box 2. Both ends of the stirring blade 602 are rotatably connected to both sides of the inner wall of the feeding box 2. One end of the stirring blade 602 extends outward and is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 601. When the first motor 601 is started, it drives the stirring blade 602 to rotate and crushes the raw material during the mixing process. The bottom plate 204 is fixedly connected to the middle of the loading box 2, and the bottom plate 204 is tilted at a certain angle. Since the bottom plate 204 is tilted, the crushed and heated raw materials will naturally slide to the outlet of the loading box 2 along the tilt angle of the bottom plate 204, waiting to enter the next processing link. A heating plate is arranged inside the bottom plate 204, and the heating plate will further heat the raw materials.

[0034] The automatic feeding unit includes a fixed plate 7, a movable plate 8, a fixed block 801, a cylinder 802, a limiting column 803, a movable sleeve 804, a limiting block 805 and a feeding plate 9. The two ends of the fixed plate 7 are fixedly connected to the left side of the feeding box 2, the bottom of the movable plate 8 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixed block 801, and the fixed plate 7 and the movable plate 8 are placed crosswise. The output end of the cylinder 802 is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower surface of the fixed block 801, the movable sleeve 804 is fixedly connected to the left side of the lower surface of the fixed block 801, the left side of the fixed block 801 is movably connected to the limiting column 803 through the movable sleeve 804, the bottom of the limiting column 803 is fixedly connected to the left side of the feeding box 2, the limiting column 803 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 805 below, and the feeding plate 9 is rotatably connected to the upper left side of the feeding box 2 through a connecting strip. When the low-temperature biomass gasification equipment is feeding, the cylinder 802 drives the movable plate 8 to move downward, so that the biomass raw material slides smoothly from the bottom plate 204 to the movable plate 8. Subsequently, the cylinder 802 drives the movable plate 8 to move upward, and the material on the movable plate 8 naturally falls onto the fixed plate 7, and finally enters the gasifier 3 through the feed bin 4, thereby completing the entire feeding process efficiently and orderly.

[0035] A stirring device is provided inside the feed bin 4, a cross bracket 401 is fixedly connected above the feed bin 4, a second motor 402 is arranged in the middle of the cross bracket 401, a stirring shaft 403 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 402, a stirring roller 1 404 and a stirring roller 2 405 are respectively provided on the stirring shaft 403, the stirring roller 1 404 and the stirring roller 2 405 are in a cross shape and are distributed up and down, the length of the stirring roller 1 404 is greater than the length of the stirring roller 2 405, and the rotation of the stirring roller ensures that the biomass raw materials are evenly distributed in the feed bin 4, thereby preventing the problems of raw material accumulation and uneven gasification, and improving the gasification efficiency and gas uniformity.

[0036] A gas pipe 501 is connected to the upper left side of the gasifier 3, one end of the gas pipe 501 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the purification box 5, an outlet pipe 502 is fixedly connected to the lower front of the purification box 5, support blocks 1001 are fixedly connected to the upper sides of the purification box 5, and support blocks 2 1002 are fixedly connected to the lower sides of the purification box 5. Filter net 1003 and filter net 2 1004 are overlapped on the upper sides of support block 1001 and support block 2 1002 respectively. The filter holes of filter net 1003 are larger than the filter holes of filter net 2 1004. Through the graded filtering design, the effective removal of impurities of different sizes in the gas is achieved. The filter holes of filter net 1003 are larger than the filter holes of filter net 2 1004, so that the two filter nets can remove impurities of different sizes respectively, improving the purification efficiency and quality.

[0037] Working principle: First, the biomass raw material is pre-treated by the crushing and heating unit of the feeding box 2. The raw material enters the feeding box 2 through the box door 201, and the first motor 601 drives the stirring blade 602 to rotate to crush the raw material. At the same time, the heating lamp 603 and the heating plate inside the bottom plate 204 heat the raw material to remove excess moisture. Then, the automatic feeding unit starts to work. The cylinder 802 drives the movable plate 8 to move downward, and the raw material slides from the bottom plate 204 to the movable plate 8, and then the cylinder 802 drives the movable plate 8 to move upward to send the raw material into the fixed plate 7. The raw material then enters the feed bin 4 through the unloading plate 9, and enters the gasifier 3 through the feed bin 4. In the feed bin 4, the second motor 402 drives the stirring shaft 403 to rotate, and the stirring roller 1 404 and the stirring roller 2 405 stir the raw material to ensure that the raw material is evenly distributed. In the gasifier 3, the biomass raw material undergoes a gasification reaction under high temperature and oxygen-deficient conditions. In this process, the carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and other elements in the raw materials generate combustible gases such as carbon monoxide, methane and hydrogen according to the bonding principle of chemical bonds. These gases enter the purification box 5 through the gas pipe 501. In the purification box 5, the gas first passes through the filter screen 1003 to remove larger impurities, and then passes through the filter screen 2 1004 to remove smaller impurities. After two-stage filtration, the quality of the gas is significantly improved, and finally it is discharged through the gas outlet pipe 502 for use.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

Claims

1. A low-temperature biomass gasification device, comprising a base (1), a feed box (2), a gasifier (3), a feed bin (4) and a purification box (5), characterized in that: The bottom of the loading box (2) is fixedly connected with support legs (101) around the periphery, the bottom of the support legs (101) is fixedly connected to the right side of the upper surface of the base (1), the bottom of the gasifier (3) is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the base (1), the bottom of the purification box (5) is fixedly connected to the left side of the upper surface of the base (1), the bottom of the feed bin (4) is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the gasifier (3), and a loading structure is arranged inside the loading box (2); The feeding structure includes a crushing and heating unit and an automatic feeding unit; The crushing and heating unit comprises a door (201), a hinge (202), a handle (203), a bottom plate (204), a first motor (601), a stirring blade (602) and a heating lamp (603); The automatic loading unit comprises a fixed plate (7), a movable plate (8), a fixed block (801), a cylinder (802), a limiting column (803), a movable sleeve (804), a limiting block (805) and a blanking plate (9).

2. The low-temperature biomass gasification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A box door (201) is provided on the upper right side of the loading box (2); the box door (201) is hinged to the loading box (2) via a hinge (202); the handle (203) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the box door (201); the heating lamp (603) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the box door (201); the first motor (601) is fixedly connected to the right side of the front of the loading box (2); the two ends of the stirring blade (602) are rotatably connected to the two sides of the inner wall of the loading box (2); one end of the stirring blade (602) extends outward and is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (601); and the bottom plate (204) is fixedly connected to the middle of the loading box (2).

3. The low-temperature biomass gasification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the fixed plate (7) are fixedly connected to the left side of the interior of the loading box (2); the bottom of the movable plate (8) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixed block (801); the output end of the cylinder (802) is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower surface of the fixed block (801); the movable sleeve (804) is fixedly connected to the left side of the lower surface of the fixed block (801); the left side of the fixed block (801) is movably connected to the limiting column (803) through the movable sleeve (804); the bottom of the limiting column (803) is fixedly connected to the left side of the interior of the loading box (2); the limiting block (805) is fixedly connected below the limiting column (803); and the unloading plate (9) is rotatably connected to the upper left side of the loading box (2) through a connecting strip.

4. The low-temperature biomass gasification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (204) is tilted at a certain angle, and a heating plate is arranged inside the bottom plate (204).

5. The low-temperature biomass gasification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stirring device is arranged inside the feeding bin (4), a cross bracket (401) is fixedly connected to the top of the feeding bin (4), a second motor (402) is arranged in the middle of the cross bracket (401), an output end of the second motor (402) is fixedly connected to a stirring shaft (403), and a stirring roller 1 (404) and a stirring roller 2 (405) are respectively arranged on the stirring shaft (403).

6. The low-temperature biomass gasification equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring roller one (404) and the stirring roller two (405) are in a cross shape and are distributed up and down, and the length of the stirring roller one (404) is greater than the length of the stirring roller two (405).

7. The low-temperature biomass gasification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas pipe (501) is connected to the upper left side of the gasification furnace (3), one end of the gas pipe (501) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the purification box (5), an outlet pipe (502) is fixedly connected to the lower front of the purification box (5), support blocks 1 (1001) are fixedly connected to the upper sides of the purification box (5), and support blocks 2 (1002) are fixedly connected to the lower sides of the purification box (5), and filter screen 1 (1003) and filter screen 2 (1004) are overlapped on the upper sides of support block 1 (1001) and support block 2 (1002) respectively.

8. The low-temperature biomass gasification equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The filter holes of the filter mesh 1 (1003) are larger than the filter holes of the filter mesh 2 (1004).

9. The low-temperature biomass gasification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed plate (7) and the movable plate (8) are placed crosswise.

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