A hazardous waste incineration system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a harmful waste gas incineration system belongs to harmful gas processing technical field. Including combustion supporting swirl gas combustor, incinerator, combustion supporting swirl gas combustor fixed mounting at the front end hearth entrance of incinerator, its spout communicates with the hearth inside of incinerator, the tangential waste gas nozzle assembly that incinerator waste gas bellows and incinerator waste gas spout constitute is arranged in the circumference of the furnace wall of incinerator, and incinerator waste gas spout communicates with the hearth inside of incinerator, the harmful waste gas incineration system of the utility model is through the integration layout of hierarchical combustion structure design, swirl reinforced mixing, automatic precision control, has solved the traditional waste gas incineration system and mixes not fully, and the low combustion efficiency, NO x The technical problem that the generation is high, has the multiple advantages such as low nitrogen emission, high -efficient incineration, stable operation, strong adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hazardous gas treatment technology, and more specifically, to a hazardous waste gas incineration system. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial production sectors such as natural gas purification and chemical processing, industrial waste gases containing toxic and harmful components such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are continuously generated. Direct emission of these waste gases seriously harms the ecological environment and human health. Incineration is the mainstream and effective technology for the high-temperature oxidation and decomposition of such harmful waste gases. However, the combustion structure design of existing waste gas incineration systems has defects. During the combustion process, the waste gas and the combustion medium are not fully mixed, resulting in low combustion efficiency and incomplete incineration. At the same time, the formation of local high-temperature zones in the core combustion area easily leads to the generation of large amounts of thermal nitrogen oxides (NOx), making it difficult to meet environmental emission requirements. In summary, developing an incineration system that can achieve complete combustion of harmful waste gases, operate stably, and effectively suppress NOx generation has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a harmful waste gas incineration system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A hazardous waste gas incineration system includes a combustion-supporting swirl gas burner and an incinerator; The combustion-supporting swirl gas burner is fixedly installed at the front furnace inlet of the incinerator, and its nozzle is connected to the inside of the incinerator furnace. The incinerator has a tangential exhaust gas nozzle assembly consisting of an exhaust gas wind box and an exhaust gas nozzle on its circumferential side. The exhaust gas nozzle is connected to the inside of the incinerator furnace.

[0005] Preferably, the combustion-supporting swirl gas burner includes an ignition subsystem, a main gas subsystem, a combustion-supporting air subsystem, a burner exhaust gas subsystem, and a flame stabilization structure.

[0006] Preferably, the ignition subsystem includes an ignition device, an ignition gas pipe, an ignition gas nozzle, and a high-energy igniter. The ignition device is connected to the ignition gas nozzle through the ignition gas pipe, and the high-energy igniter is correspondingly installed at the ignition gas nozzle.

[0007] Preferably, the main gas subsystem includes a fuel gas inlet and a main gas nozzle, the fuel gas inlet being connected to the main gas nozzle, and the main gas nozzle being arranged at the front end of the combustion-supporting swirl gas burner along the central axis of the burner.

[0008] Preferably, the combustion air subsystem includes an inner combustion air box, an outer combustion air box, an outer combustion air blade adjustment mechanism, an outer combustion air duct, an inner combustion air duct, a combustion air inlet, a central damper, an inner combustion air damper, and an outer combustion air damper; The combustion air inlet is connected to the inner combustion air duct and the outer combustion air duct respectively. An inner combustion air box is installed on the outside of the inner combustion air duct, and an outer combustion air box is installed on the outside of the outer combustion air duct. The central air damper, the internal combustion air damper, and the external combustion air damper are respectively installed at the entrances of the central airflow channel, the internal combustion air duct, and the external combustion air duct. The external combustion air blade adjustment mechanism is installed at the external combustion air box.

[0009] Preferably, the burner exhaust gas subsystem includes a burner exhaust gas box and burner exhaust gas nozzles. The burner exhaust gas box is fitted in the middle of the combustion-supporting swirl gas burner, and its front end is connected to multiple burner exhaust gas nozzles. The burner exhaust gas nozzles have an annular channel structure. The flame stabilizing structure includes a vortex inlet and a "serrated" flame stabilizing body. The vortex inlet is located at the front end of the combustion-supporting swirl gas burner, and the "serrated" flame stabilizing body is located at the vortex inlet.

[0010] Preferably, the incinerator exhaust gas box has an annular structure and is fitted on the outside of the incinerator wall. Multiple incinerator exhaust gas nozzles are evenly distributed around the circumference of the incinerator wall, and the axis of the incinerator exhaust gas nozzles is tangent to the inner wall of the incinerator furnace.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes an automatic control unit, which is electrically connected to the flow regulating valve of the fuel gas inlet, the flow regulating valve of the combustion air inlet, and the exhaust gas flow regulating valve of the incinerator exhaust gas box.

[0012] Preferably, a temperature sensor is installed inside the incinerator furnace, and the signal output terminal of the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the automatic control unit.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: (1) The hazardous waste gas incineration system of this utility model solves the problems of insufficient mixing, low combustion efficiency, and high NO content in traditional waste gas incineration systems through its integrated layout of staged combustion structure design, swirling enhanced mixing, and automated precise control. x The technology addresses the high NOx generation issue while offering multiple advantages, including low NOx emissions, efficient incineration, stable operation, and strong adaptability. It employs a staged combustion mode where a small portion of the waste gas participates in initial combustion at the front end, while the majority is tangentially injected into the furnace for secondary combustion. This reduces the oxygen concentration and peak temperature in the flame core area by co-firing waste gas at the front end, thus suppressing thermal NOx generation at its source. xThe generated gas is then subjected to secondary combustion within the furnace to prevent the formation of localized high-temperature zones, achieving low nitrogen emissions throughout the entire process and meeting stringent environmental protection requirements. The swirling combustion air from the combustion-supporting swirl gas burner and the tangentially arranged exhaust gas nozzles in the incinerator form a dual swirling field, generating intense three-dimensional turbulent mixing within the furnace. This significantly improves the mixing efficiency and reaction rate of the exhaust gas and high-temperature flue gas, ensuring that harmful components such as hydrogen sulfide are fully oxidized and decomposed, and significantly improving the exhaust gas incineration removal rate.

[0014] (2) The burner front end is equipped with a vortex and a "serrated" flame stabilizer to enhance flame retention and prevent flameout; the direct current air output from the central damper stabilizes the flame root and effectively prevents backfire; a reliable ignition subsystem ensures safe start-up of the burner, and the various structures work together to achieve continuous and stable combustion of the flame, adapting to the needs of continuous industrial operation. The combustion air volume, fuel gas volume, and the distribution ratio of the two exhaust gases can be independently and manually adjusted, and the external combustion air blade adjustment mechanism can also accurately control the flame shape and swirling intensity; with the closed-loop control of the automatic control unit and the furnace temperature sensor, the combustion conditions can be optimized in real time, adapting to the treatment needs of harmful exhaust gases with different components and different calorific values, and has a wide range of applications. The incinerator exhaust gas box adopts a ring structure to achieve uniform exhaust gas pressure distribution and consistent nozzle flow, ensuring uniform heating of the furnace. The automatic control unit accurately adjusts the flow ratio of fuel gas, combustion air, and exhaust gas according to the real-time furnace temperature, realizing automated control of the combustion process without frequent manual intervention, which not only improves the accuracy of system operation but also reduces on-site operation and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the combustion-supporting swirl gas burner of this utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the incinerator of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust gas fan box and exhaust gas nozzle of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the "serrated" structure of the burner nozzle of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a side view of the incinerator of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a top view schematic diagram of the incinerator of this utility model.

[0016] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Ignition device; 2. Ignition gas pipe; 3. Fuel gas pipe; 4. Internal combustion air box; 5. Burner exhaust air box; 6. External combustion air box; 7. External combustion air blade adjustment mechanism; 8. External combustion air duct; 9. Burner exhaust gas nozzle; 10. Internal combustion air duct; 11. Main gas nozzle; 12. Ignition gas nozzle; 13. High-energy igniter; 14. Vortex nozzle; 15. Combustion air inlet; 16. Central damper; 17. Internal combustion air damper; 18. External combustion air damper; 19. Incinerator exhaust air box; 20. Incinerator exhaust gas nozzle; 21. "Sawtooth" flame stabilizer. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0018] Example: Please see Figure 1-6 A hazardous waste gas incineration system includes a combustion-supporting swirl gas burner and an incinerator. The components work together to achieve efficient, low-NOx incineration of hazardous waste gases and compliance with emission standards. The specific structure of the combustion-supporting swirl gas burner is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the layout of the incinerator and tangential exhaust gas nozzle assembly is as follows: Figure 2 , 5 As shown in Figure 6, details of the exhaust gas box and nozzles are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the details of the burner nozzle flame stabilization structure are as follows: Figure 4 As shown; The combustion-supporting swirl gas burner is fixedly installed at the front furnace inlet of the incinerator. Its nozzle is connected to the inside of the incinerator furnace, providing a stable high-temperature reference flame for the incinerator, realizing the preliminary combustion of some harmful waste gases, and at the same time creating a high-temperature reaction environment for the secondary combustion of the main waste gases. The incinerator has a tangential exhaust gas nozzle assembly consisting of an incinerator exhaust gas air box 19 and an incinerator exhaust gas nozzle 20 arranged around its furnace wall. The incinerator exhaust gas nozzle 20 is connected to the inside of the incinerator furnace and is used to inject most of the harmful exhaust gas to be treated into the furnace in the form of a tangential swirl to fully mix with the high-temperature reference flame and flue gas, so as to achieve complete oxidation and decomposition of the harmful exhaust gas.

[0019] The combustion-supporting swirl gas burner includes an ignition subsystem, a main gas subsystem, a combustion-supporting air subsystem, a burner exhaust gas subsystem, and a flame stabilization structure. These subsystems work together to achieve stable combustion of the gas, preliminary co-combustion of the exhaust gas, and precise control of the flame shape, thereby suppressing the generation of nitrogen oxides at the source and providing a uniform and stable high-temperature turbulent flow field for the furnace.

[0020] In this application, the ignition subsystem includes an ignition device 1, an ignition gas pipe 2, an ignition gas nozzle 12, and a high-energy igniter 13. The ignition device 1 is connected to the ignition gas nozzle 12 through the ignition gas pipe 2, and the high-energy igniter 13 is correspondingly installed at the ignition gas nozzle 12. The ignition subsystem provides a reliable initial ignition source for the combustion-supporting swirl gas burner, ignites the ignition gas to form an initial flame, and then ignites the main gas, ensuring the safe and smooth start-up of the burner.

[0021] In this application, the main gas subsystem includes a fuel gas inlet 3 and a main gas nozzle 11. The fuel gas inlet 3 is connected to the main gas nozzle 11. The main gas nozzle 11 is arranged at the front end of the combustion-supporting swirl gas burner along the central axis of the combustion-supporting swirl gas burner. The main gas subsystem provides the burner with the main combustion-supporting fuel. After the fuel gas is ejected through the main gas nozzle 11, it mixes and burns with the combustion-supporting air to establish and maintain the required high-temperature reference flame for the incinerator and provide the core thermal energy required for waste gas incineration.

[0022] In this application, the combustion air subsystem includes an inner combustion air box 4, an outer combustion air box 6, an outer combustion air blade adjustment mechanism 7, an outer combustion air duct 8, an inner combustion air duct 10, a combustion air inlet 15, a central damper 16, an inner combustion air damper 17, and an outer combustion air damper 18. The combustion air inlet 15 is connected to the inner combustion air duct 10 and the outer combustion air duct 8 respectively. The inner combustion air box 4 is installed on the outside of the inner combustion air duct 10, and the outer combustion air box 6 is installed on the outside of the outer combustion air duct 8. The inner and outer combustion air boxes achieve uniform distribution of combustion air and ensure full mixing of combustion air with gas and exhaust gas. The central air damper 16, the internal combustion air damper 17, and the external combustion air damper 18 are respectively installed at the entrances of the central airflow channel, the internal combustion air duct 10, and the external combustion air duct 8. The external combustion air blade adjustment mechanism 7 is installed at the external combustion air box 6, which can adjust the swirl intensity of the external combustion air, thereby precisely controlling the shape, length, and diffusion angle of the flame, ensuring that the flame is stable and fills the front space of the furnace, while the central air can stabilize the flame root and prevent backfire.

[0023] In this application, the burner exhaust gas subsystem includes a burner exhaust gas box 5 and a burner exhaust gas nozzle 9. The burner exhaust gas box 5 is installed in the middle of the combustion-supporting swirl gas burner, and its front end is connected to the burner exhaust gas nozzle 9. The burner exhaust gas nozzle 9 has an annular channel structure, which can introduce a small part of the harmful exhaust gas to be treated into the burner to participate in the initial combustion, reduce the oxygen concentration and peak temperature in the flame core area, and suppress the generation of thermal nitrogen oxides from the source. The flame stabilizing structure includes a vortex inlet 14 and a "serrated" flame stabilizer 21. The vortex inlet 14 is located at the front end of the combustion-supporting swirl gas burner, which can accelerate the airflow, enhance the rigidity of the airflow after it is ejected, and further promote the mixing of fuel and air. The "serrated" flame stabilizer 21 is located at the vortex inlet 14, which can enhance the flame dwell effect, improve the stability of the flame, ensure the continuous stability of ignition and main gas combustion, and prevent flame detachment and flameout.

[0024] In this application, the incinerator exhaust gas box 19 is an annular structure and is fitted on the outside of the incinerator wall, which can achieve uniform pressure distribution and allocation of the exhaust gas to be treated, and ensure that the exhaust gas injection flow of each nozzle is consistent. Multiple incinerator exhaust gas nozzles 20 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the incinerator wall, and the axis of the incinerator exhaust gas nozzles 20 is tangent to the inner wall of the incinerator furnace, so that most of the exhaust gas to be treated is injected into the furnace in the form of a high-speed rotating jet, forming a strong three-dimensional turbulent mixing with the high-temperature flue gas generated by the front burner, which greatly improves the mixing efficiency, ensures that the harmful components in the exhaust gas are completely oxidized and decomposed, and avoids the formation of local high-temperature zones, further reducing the amount of nitrogen oxides generated.

[0025] This application also includes an automatic control unit, which is electrically connected to the flow regulating valve of the fuel gas inlet 3, the flow regulating valve of the combustion air inlet 15, and the exhaust gas flow regulating valve of the incinerator exhaust gas box 19, respectively. It can realize the automatic and precise adjustment of fuel gas volume, combustion air volume, and the distribution ratio of the two exhaust gases, adapt to the treatment needs of harmful exhaust gases with different components and different calorific values, optimize combustion conditions in real time, and ensure efficient, stable, and low-NOx operation of the system.

[0026] In this application, a temperature sensor is installed inside the incinerator furnace. The signal output terminal of the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the automatic control unit. It can monitor the combustion temperature inside the furnace in real time and feed the temperature signal back to the automatic control unit. This provides the automatic control unit with accurate temperature basis for adjusting the flow ratio of each fluid, realizes closed-loop control of the furnace combustion temperature, avoids local high temperature or insufficient temperature in the furnace, further inhibits the generation of nitrogen oxides, and ensures the completeness of waste gas incineration.

[0027] When the hazardous waste gas incineration system of this utility model is working, the ignition subsystem first ignites the ignition gas, which then ignites the fuel gas supplied by the main gas subsystem. The combustion swirl gas burner generates a high-temperature reference flame. At the same time, the burner exhaust gas subsystem introduces a small portion of the waste gas to be treated to participate in the initial combustion, suppressing NOx formation at the source. The majority of the waste gas to be treated is evenly pressurized by the incinerator exhaust gas box 19 and then injected into the furnace in a high-speed swirling form through the tangentially arranged incinerator exhaust gas nozzles 20. It mixes intensely with the high-temperature flue gas at the front end in a three-dimensional turbulent flow and completes secondary combustion, achieving complete oxidation of the harmful components. The flue gas after incineration meets the standards and is discharged. Throughout the operation, the temperature sensor monitors the furnace temperature in real time and feeds it back to the automatic control unit. The automatic control unit adjusts the flow ratio of fuel gas, combustion air, and exhaust gas in real time according to the monitoring data to ensure that the system is always in the optimal combustion condition, achieving efficient, low-NOx, and stable incineration treatment of hazardous waste gas.

[0028] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hazardous waste gas incineration system, characterized in that, Including combustion-supporting swirl gas burners and incinerators; The combustion-supporting swirl gas burner is fixedly installed at the front furnace inlet of the incinerator, and its nozzle is connected to the inside of the incinerator furnace. The incinerator has a tangential exhaust gas nozzle assembly consisting of an incinerator exhaust gas wind box (19) and an incinerator exhaust gas nozzle (20) arranged circumferentially on the furnace wall. The incinerator exhaust gas nozzle (20) is connected to the inside of the incinerator furnace.

2. The hazardous waste gas incineration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion-supporting swirl gas burner includes an ignition subsystem, a main gas subsystem, a combustion-supporting air subsystem, a burner exhaust gas subsystem, and a flame stabilization structure.

3. The hazardous waste gas incineration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ignition subsystem includes an ignition device (1), an ignition gas pipe (2), an ignition gas nozzle (12), and a high-energy igniter (13). The ignition device (1) is connected to the ignition gas nozzle (12) through the ignition gas pipe (2), and the high-energy igniter (13) is correspondingly located at the ignition gas nozzle (12).

4. The hazardous waste gas incineration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main gas subsystem includes a fuel gas inlet pipe (3) and a main gas nozzle (11). The fuel gas inlet pipe (3) is connected to the main gas nozzle (11), and the main gas nozzle (11) is arranged at its front end along the central axis of the combustion-supporting swirl gas burner.

5. A hazardous waste gas incineration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The combustion air subsystem includes an inner combustion air box (4), an outer combustion air box (6), an outer combustion air blade adjustment mechanism (7), an outer combustion air duct (8), an inner combustion air duct (10), a combustion air inlet (15), a central damper (16), an inner combustion air damper (17), and an outer combustion air damper (18). The combustion air inlet (15) is connected to the inner combustion air duct (10) and the outer combustion air duct (8) respectively. The inner combustion air duct (10) is fitted with an inner combustion air box (4) on the outside, and the outer combustion air duct (8) is fitted with an outer combustion air box (6) on the outside. The central air damper (16), the internal combustion air damper (17), and the external combustion air damper (18) are respectively located at the entrances of the central airflow channel, the internal combustion air duct (10), and the external combustion air duct (8), and the external combustion air blade adjustment mechanism (7) is located at the external combustion air box (6).

6. A hazardous waste gas incineration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The burner exhaust gas subsystem includes a burner exhaust gas box (5) and a burner exhaust gas nozzle (9). The burner exhaust gas box (5) is fitted in the middle of the combustion-supporting swirl gas burner, and its front end is connected to the burner exhaust gas nozzle (9). The burner exhaust gas nozzle (9) is an annular channel structure. The flame stabilizing structure includes a vortex inlet (14) and a "serrated" flame stabilizing body (21). The vortex inlet (14) is located at the front end of the combustion-supporting swirl gas burner, and the "serrated" flame stabilizing body (21) is located at the vortex inlet (14).

7. A hazardous waste gas incineration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The incinerator exhaust gas box (19) is an annular structure and is fitted on the outside of the incinerator wall. Multiple incinerator exhaust gas nozzles (20) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the incinerator wall, and the axis of the incinerator exhaust gas nozzles (20) is tangent to the inner wall of the incinerator furnace.

8. A hazardous waste gas incineration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an automatic control unit, which is electrically connected to the flow regulating valve of the fuel gas inlet (3), the flow regulating valve of the combustion air inlet (15), and the waste gas flow regulating valve of the incinerator waste gas box (19).

9. A hazardous waste gas incineration system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is installed inside the furnace of the incinerator, and the signal output terminal of the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the automatic control unit.

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