No-tillage, drought-resisting and cold-resisting planting method of winter rapes in dry land

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-tillage, drought-resisting and cold-resisting planting method of winter rapes in dry land. The method includes the following steps: in spring, according to requirements of non-tillage direct sowing of the winter rapes in next season, timely performing spring sowing of corn after fertilizing, deep ploughing, raking and grinding and mulch covering, and not uncovering mulches in the whole growing period of the corn; after harvesting of the corn in autumn, cleaning cornstalks, keeping the mulches, and performing no-tillage hole sowing of the winter rapes on the mulches directly; not uncovering the mulches in the whole growing period of the winter rapes, and harvesting the winter rapes in next summer. The method specifically includes (1), cleaning the cornstalks, (2), sowing, and (3), performing field management. By the method, farming time can be saved, timely sowing of the winter rapes can be realized, soil water content and land temperature after the corn is harvested and the winter rapes are sowed are improved, seedlings are orderly and uniform and grow robustly, processes are reduced, and cost is lowered.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a planting technique, in particular to a no-tillage and drought-resistant and cold-resistant planting method of winter rapeseed in dry land. Background technique

[0002] Rapeseed is the oilseed crop with the largest planting area and the highest yield in Gansu Province, with a sown area of ​​nearly 187,000 hectares, of which the planted area of ​​winter rapeseed is nearly 110,000 hectares, accounting for about 60% of the total sown area of ​​rapeseed. It is mainly distributed in the dry area of ​​the Loess Plateau in the central and eastern part of Gansu Province. Soil moisture conditions are closely related to the overwintering and growth of winter rapeseed. However, during the growth period of winter rape in this area, it has the climate characteristics of little rain and drought, large diurnal temperature range, and changeable cold and warm temperatures. Therefore, strengthening drought resistance and antifreeze is the ke...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0036] A no-tillage and cold-resistant planting method of winter rapeseed in dry land, comprising the following steps: in spring, according to the requirements of live-seeding winter rapeseed with no-tillage in the next stubble, fertilization, deep plowing, harrowing, and plastic film are carried out respectively, and then spring sowing of corn is carried out in good time, and the whole corn grows During the period, the plastic film is not removed. After the corn is harvested in autumn, the corn stalks are removed, the plastic film is retained, and the winter rapeseed is directly planted on the plastic film without tillage.

[0037](1) Remove corn stalks and protect the mulch film: After the mulched corn is harvested, harvest the corn stalks at a height of 5cm from the ground, remove the remaining weeds and corn stems and leaves on the ground, and try to avoid scratching the mulch film (the damage rate is less than 30%). If there is damage, it should be covered with soil in tim...

Embodiment 2

[0047] In 2010-2011, the technology of the present invention was demonstrated in Wutong Administrative Village, Shangxiao Township, Zhenyuan County, Gansu Province, with a demonstration area of ​​5hm 2 . Demonstration site April 5-8, 2010 Select flat land with deep soil layer and medium fertility, and apply 80,000 kg / hm of farmyard manure 2 , ordinary calcium superphosphate (equivalent to P 2 o 5 )225kg / hm 2 , slow-release nitrogen fertilizer (equivalent to pure nitrogen content) 260 kg / hm 2 After deep plowing and raking. After the land preparation, use a white mulch film with a width of 120 cm and a thickness of 0.01 mm, and cover it with a full-film double-furrow sowing and mulching machine. The width of the mulch film is 110cm. Each belt has a small ridge with a bottom width of 40cm and a height of 15-20 cm and a large ridge with a bottom width of 70cm and a height of 10-15 cm. There is a seeding ditch in the middle of the two ridges. The joints of the large ridges ar...

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a planting technique, in particular to a no-tillage and drought-resistant and cold-resistant planting method of winter rapeseed in dry land. Background technique

[0002] Rapeseed is the oilseed crop with the largest planting area and the highest yield in Gansu Province, with a sown area of ​​nearly 187,000 hectares, of which the planted area of ​​winter rapeseed is nearly 110,000 hectares, accounting for about 60% of the total sown area of ​​rapeseed. It is mainly distributed in the dry area of ​​the Loess Plateau in the central and eastern part of Gansu Province. Soil moisture conditions are closely related to the overwintering and growth of winter rapeseed. However, during the growth period of winter rape in this area, it has the climate characteristics of little rain and drought, large diurnal temperature range, and changeable cold and warm temperatures. Therefore, strengthening drought resistance and antifreeze is the ke...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0036] A no-tillage and cold-resistant planting method of winter rapeseed in dry land, comprising the following steps: in spring, according to the requirements of live-seeding winter rapeseed with no-tillage in the next stubble, fertilization, deep plowing, harrowing, and plastic film are carried out respectively, and then spring sowing of corn is carried out in good time, and the whole corn grows During the period, the plastic film is not removed. After the corn is harvested in autumn, the corn stalks are removed, the plastic film is retained, and the winter rapeseed is directly planted on the plastic film without tillage.

[0037](1) Remove corn stalks and protect the mulch film: After the mulched corn is harvested, harvest the corn stalks at a height of 5cm from the ground, remove the remaining weeds and corn stems and leaves on the ground, and try to avoid scratching the mulch film (the damage rate is less than 30%). If there is damage, it should be covered with soil in tim...

Embodiment 2

[0047] In 2010-2011, the technology of the present invention was demonstrated in Wutong Administrative Village, Shangxiao Township, Zhenyuan County, Gansu Province, with a demonstration area of ​​5hm 2 . Demonstration site April 5-8, 2010 Select flat land with deep soil layer and medium fertility, and apply 80,000 kg / hm of farmyard manure 2 , ordinary calcium superphosphate (equivalent to P 2 o 5 )225kg / hm 2 , slow-release nitrogen fertilizer (equivalent to pure nitrogen content) 260 kg / hm 2 After deep plowing and raking. After the land preparation, use a white mulch film with a width of 120 cm and a thickness of 0.01 mm, and cover it with a full-film double-furrow sowing and mulching machine. The width of the mulch film is 110cm. Each belt has a small ridge with a bottom width of 40cm and a height of 15-20 cm and a large ridge with a bottom width of 70cm and a height of 10-15 cm. There is a seeding ditch in the middle of the two ridges. The joints of the large ridges ar...