Steam turbine rotor, steam turbine and prime mover equipment

Abstract

The present invention provides a rotor of a steam turbine, a steam turbine and a prime mover device, and relates to the technical field of steam turbines. The rotor of the steam turbine includes a rotating shaft and an impeller structure; the impeller structure includes a bottom plate, a plurality of impeller bodies sleeved and fixedly connected along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and a rotor protective layer; the bottom plate cooperates with the rotor protective layer to form a sleeve with an open end, and the sleeve is fixedly connected with the plurality of impeller bodies to form a steam channel; a steam inlet is provided in the space between the bottom plate and the first impeller body close to the bottom plate; the impeller body includes a hub and a plurality of blades; the plurality of blades are arranged along the circumference of the hub; the cross-sectional area of ​​the steam channel at the connection position of each impeller body and the rotor protective layer gradually increases from one end close to the bottom plate to one end away from the bottom plate. The present invention solves the technical problems of insufficient structural rigidity and high blade maintenance cost existing in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of steam turbines, and in particular to a steam turbine rotor, a steam turbine and a prime mover device. Background Art

[0002] Steam turbines are mainly used as prime movers for power generation, and can also directly drive various pumps, fans, compressors and ship propellers, etc. Their working principle is to convert the energy of steam into rotational power of mechanical work and generate electricity through a generator connected by a transmission.

[0003] The traditional steam turbine used in power plants consists of two parts: the rotating part and the stationary part. The stationary part is composed of the air intake part, cylinder, partition and static blade grid, gas seal and bearing. The cylinder in the stationary part is the outer shell of the steam turbine, which separates the flow part of the steam turbine from the atmosphere, forming a closed air chamber inside the steam turbine to ensure that the steam completes the energy conversion process inside the turbine; the rotating part is also called the rotor, which is composed of the main shaft, impeller, moving blades and coupling. When the steam turbine is working, the high-pressure steam at the inlet is in vertical contact with each stage of the turbine blade, especially the last stage blade, the linear velocity of the blade outer diameter is very high. If there are water droplets in the steam, the water droplets hit the last stage blade of the steam turbine vertically. The huge linear velocity and vertical impact are likely to cause fatigue or even damage to the last stage blade of the steam turbine. The vertical velocity of the steam carries substances such as rust, iron sand and scale, which enter the steam turbine and hit the blade vertically, which will cause damage to the blade, especially the last stage blade rotating at high speed. If the broken blades collide back and forth at high speed in the turbine cylinder, it is very likely to cause the entire turbine to be scrapped or even a more serious accident.

[0004] Currently, there is a new type of steam turbine in the relevant technology, whose blades are spirally fixed to the rotating shaft to form a spiral rotor, and then a sleeve is formed by the bottom plate and the rotor protection layer to wrap around the outside of the spiral rotor. The spiral rotor and the sleeve cooperate to form a spiral structure. Steam enters from the inlet of the spiral structure, releases pressure step by step, and drives the spiral rotor to rotate. When the spiral rotor rotates, it also drives the rotating shaft fixed to it to rotate, and the output end of the rotating shaft outputs kinetic energy.

[0005] Compared with traditional steam turbines, new steam turbines have the advantages of simple structure, small size and less prone to damage of the last-stage blades, but there are also certain problems. Once the spiral blades are damaged, they need to be replaced completely, which is very costly.

[0006] Based on this, the present invention provides a rotor, a steam turbine and a prime mover device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a rotor for a steam turbine to solve the technical problems of insufficient structural rigidity and high blade maintenance cost in the prior art.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is also to provide a steam turbine, which includes a rotor of the steam turbine, for solving the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0009] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a rotor of a steam turbine, comprising a rotating shaft and an impeller structure;

[0010] The impeller structure comprises a bottom plate, a plurality of impeller bodies sleeved and fixedly connected along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and a rotor protective layer wrapped around the outer edges of the plurality of impeller bodies; the bottom plate and the rotor protective layer cooperate to form a sleeve with an open end, and the sleeve is fixedly connected with the plurality of impeller bodies to form a steam channel; a steam inlet is provided in the space between the bottom plate and the first impeller body close to the bottom plate;

[0011] The impeller body includes a hub and a plurality of blades; the plurality of blades are arranged along the circumference of the hub; the cross-sectional area of ​​the steam channel at each connection position of the impeller body and the rotor protective layer gradually increases from one end close to the base plate to one end away from the base plate.

[0012] Optionally, in the rotor of the above-mentioned steam turbine, the blades are one or more of reaction blades, impulse blades, axial flow blades and radial flow blades.

[0013] Optionally, in the rotor of the steam turbine, the blades are hollow blades.

[0014] Optionally, in the rotor of the above-mentioned steam turbine, the cross-sectional area of ​​the steam channel at the connection position between the impeller body and the rotor protective layer is increased by one or more of increasing the gap between two adjacent blades, increasing the length of the blades and increasing the number of blades.

[0015] Optionally, in the rotor of the steam turbine, the bottom plate cooperates with the rotor protective layer to form a sleeve with one end open and in a cylindrical or trumpet shape.

[0016] Optionally, the rotor of the steam turbine further comprises a steam inlet pipe for ventilating the impeller structure, wherein the steam inlet pipe is connected to the steam inlet through a high-pressure steam pipe at the center of the rotating shaft;

[0017] One end opening of the central high-pressure steam pipe of the rotating shaft is arranged on the end surface of the rotating shaft, and the other end opening is arranged between the bottom plate and the first impeller body close to the bottom plate.

[0018] The present invention provides a steam turbine, which comprises a cylinder body, bearings arranged at both ends of a rotating shaft, and a rotor of the steam turbine;

[0019] The rotating shaft passes through the cylinder body, and the bearings are respectively arranged at the positions where the rotating shaft and the cylinder body are connected;

[0020] The cylinder body is provided with an exhaust steam outlet and a pipeline interface corresponding to the exhaust steam outlet.

[0021] Optionally, the above-mentioned steam turbine also includes a steam inlet pipe for ventilating the impeller structure; a first gas seal for preventing air leakage at the connection is provided at the position where the steam inlet pipe is connected to the rotating shaft; and a second gas seal for preventing steam from being discharged from the bearing and the rotating shaft is provided at a position away from the position where the steam inlet pipe is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0022] Optionally, in the steam turbine, the rotor protective layer and / or the outer surface of the cylinder body is provided with a reinforcement protective layer and a thermal insulation layer.

[0023] The present invention provides a prime mover device, comprising the above-mentioned steam turbine;

[0024] The steam channel is used for passing high-pressure gas, gas-liquid mixture or liquid.

[0025] The rotor of the steam turbine provided by the present invention comprises a rotating shaft and an impeller structure; the impeller structure comprises a bottom plate, a plurality of impeller bodies sleeved and fixedly connected along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and a rotor protective layer wrapped around the outer edges of the plurality of impeller bodies; the bottom plate and the rotor protective layer cooperate to form a sleeve with an open end, and the sleeve is fixedly connected with the plurality of impeller bodies to form a steam passage; a steam inlet is provided in the space between the bottom plate and the first impeller body close to the bottom plate; the impeller body comprises a hub and a plurality of blades; the plurality of blades are arranged along the circumference of the hub; the cross-sectional area of ​​the steam passage at the connection position of each impeller body and the rotor protective layer gradually increases from the end close to the bottom plate to the end away from the bottom plate. The steam turbine rotor provided by the present invention has blades fixed to the rotating shaft through a hub, and the structural rigidity is better than that of a traditional steam turbine.

[0026] The steam turbine provided by the present invention comprises a cylinder body, bearings arranged at both ends of a rotating shaft, and a rotor of the steam turbine; the rotating shaft passes through the cylinder body, and the bearings are respectively arranged at the positions where the rotating shaft and the cylinder body are connected; the cylinder body is provided with an exhaust steam outlet and a pipe interface corresponding to the exhaust steam outlet. Since the steam turbine provided by the present invention comprises the aforementioned rotor of the steam turbine, the above technical problems can be solved.

[0027] The prime mover device provided by the present invention includes the above-mentioned steam turbine; the steam channel is used to pass high-pressure gas, gas-liquid mixture or liquid, has all the advantages of the above-mentioned steam turbine, and has a wide range of applications.

[0028] Based on this, compared with the original technology, the present invention has the advantages of good structural rigidity and convenient blade maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a steam turbine rotor (without the base plate and the rotor protection layer) provided in an embodiment of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a steam turbine rotor (without bottom plate and rotor protection layer) provided by an embodiment of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a rotor of a steam turbine provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a steam turbine from a first perspective provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a steam turbine from a second perspective provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Cross-sectional view at AA in the middle.

[0036] Icons: 100-rotating shaft; 200-impeller structure; 201-base plate; 202-impeller body; 2021-hub; 2022-blades; 203-rotor protective layer; 300-cylinder body; 301-exhaust steam outlet; 400-steam inlet pipe; 500-bearing; 601-first gas seal; 602-second gas seal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0041] In the power generation system, the boiler burns fuel to generate steam, which enters the airway of the steam turbine through the pipeline, driving the rotor of the steam turbine to rotate. The rotation of the steam turbine rotor drives the rotating shaft connected to it to rotate. The output end of the rotating shaft is connected to the generator, driving the generator to generate electricity and output electricity. In the process of power generation system power supply, the steam turbine plays a vital role. The equipment can convert the kinetic energy of flowing high-pressure gas, gas-liquid mixture and liquid into the mechanical energy output of the high-speed rotation of the rotating shaft of the equipment, thereby driving the generator to supply power.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a steam turbine rotor (without the base plate and the rotor protection layer) provided in an embodiment of the present invention from a first viewing angle; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a steam turbine rotor (without bottom plate and rotor protection layer) provided by an embodiment of the present invention from a second viewing angle; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a rotor of a steam turbine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a steam turbine rotor is provided, and the steam turbine rotor includes a rotating shaft 100 and an impeller structure 200;

[0045] The impeller structure 200 includes a bottom plate 201, a plurality of impeller bodies 202 sleeved and fixedly connected along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 100, and a rotor protective layer 203 wrapped around the outer edges of the plurality of impeller bodies 202; the bottom plate 201 and the rotor protective layer 203 cooperate to form a sleeve with one end open, and the sleeve is fixedly connected with the plurality of impeller bodies 202 to form a steam channel; a steam inlet is provided in the space between the bottom plate 201 and the first impeller body 202 close to the bottom plate 201;

[0046] The impeller body 202 includes a hub 2021 and a plurality of blades 2022; the plurality of blades 2022 are arranged along the circumference of the hub 2021; the cross-sectional area of ​​the steam channel at the connection position between each impeller body 202 and the rotor protective layer 203 gradually increases from one end close to the base plate 201 to the end away from the base plate 201.

[0047] Specifically, the turbine rotor provided by the present invention is used in a turbine, and high-pressure steam enters from a steam inlet, passes through an internal steam channel, and is discharged after continuous pressure relief. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, five impeller bodies 202 are preferably arranged on the rotating shaft 100 of this embodiment, and the five impeller bodies 202 are fixedly connected with the sleeve to form a steam channel, which is composed of a first space and a second space, wherein the first space is the space between the bottom plate 201 and the first impeller body 202, and the space between two adjacent impeller bodies 202; the second space is the air intake space at the connection position of each impeller body 202 and the rotor protective layer 203; after the high-pressure steam enters from the steam inlet, it passes through the first space and the second space alternately in sequence, and the exhaust steam is discharged after continuous pressure relief.

[0048] It should be emphasized that, in the rotor of the steam turbine provided by the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the steam passage at the connection position of each impeller body 202 and the rotor protective layer 203 is the second space, and the second space gradually increases from the end close to the bottom plate 201 to the end far from the bottom plate 201. After the high-pressure steam is introduced, it first enters the first space formed between the bottom plate 201 and the first impeller body 202, and continues to flow along the second space formed by the first impeller body 202 and the rotor protective layer 203, continues to release pressure, and drives the blades 2022 on the first impeller body 202 to rotate; in this way, it alternately enters the subsequent first space and second space until the exhaust steam is discharged, and the steam utilization rate is high.

[0049] In addition, the sleeve formed by the bottom plate 201 and the rotor protective layer 203 cooperates with the blades 2022 and the rotating shaft 100 to seal the high-temperature and high-pressure steam in the steam channel so that it can only flow along the steam channel without leaking steam in other parts. The bottom plate 201 and the rotor protective layer 203 need to withstand the pressure of the high-pressure steam acting on them. Based on this, the material of the bottom plate 201 and the rotor protective layer 203 is selected as alloy steel, and both are thickened. The specific thickness can be set according to the maximum pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure steam entering the turbine. The impeller body 202 fixes the blades 2022 to the rotating shaft 100 through the hub 2021, which is convenient for replacing the blades 2022 and adjusting the size of the second space.

[0050] Based on this, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of high steam utilization rate, good structural rigidity and easy replacement of blades 2022.

[0051] In an optional solution of this embodiment, the blade 2022 is one or more of a reaction blade, an impulse blade, an axial flow blade and a radial flow blade.

[0052] Specifically, the blades 2022 on each impeller body 202 may be reaction blades, impulse blades, axial flow blades, or radial flow blades. Each impeller body 202 on the same rotating shaft 100 may use one or more of the blades 2022 described above.

[0053] It should be emphasized that the blades 2022 can be solid blades or hollow blades, and hollow blades are preferred in this embodiment. Hollow blades are formed by welding, which is easy to process and can greatly reduce the volume of the steam turbine.

[0054] In an optional solution of this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the steam channel at the connection position between the impeller body 202 and the rotor protective layer 203 is increased by one or more of increasing the gap between two adjacent blades 2022, increasing the length of the blades 2022, and increasing the number of blades 2022.

[0055] In combination with the above technical solution, it can be known that the cross-sectional area of ​​the steam passage at the connection position between the impeller body 202 and the rotor protective layer 203 is the second space. There are three ways to increase the second space: the first is to increase the gap between two adjacent blades 2022. The five impeller bodies 202 are arranged on the rotating shaft 100. The gap between the blades 2022 on the second impeller body 202 is larger than the gap between the blades 2022 on the first impeller body 202. The gap between the blades 2022 on the third impeller body 202 is larger than the gap between the blades 2022 on the second impeller body 202, and so on. The second is to increase The length of the blade 2022, the length of the blade 2022 on the second impeller body 202 is greater than the length of the blade 2022 on the first impeller body 202, the length of the blade 2022 on the third impeller body 202 is greater than the length of the blade 2022 on the second impeller body 202, and so on; the third is to increase the number of blades 2022, that is, the number of blades 2022 on the second impeller body 202 is greater than the number of blades 2022 on the first impeller body 202, the number of blades 2022 on the third impeller body 202 is greater than the number of blades 2022 on the second impeller body 202, and so on.

[0056] Gradually increasing the second space is beneficial for high-pressure steam to pass smoothly through the steam channel.

[0057] In an optional solution of this embodiment, the bottom plate 201 cooperates with the rotor protection layer 203 to form a sleeve with one end open and in a cylindrical or trumpet shape.

[0058] Specifically, the outer contour of the steam channel formed by the blades 2022 on the impeller body 202 and the rotor protection layer 203 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, but can also be an irregular shape. For example, the diameter of the ramp of the blade 2022 increases step by step, and the rotor protection layer 203 wraps the above blades to form a trumpet-shaped tube with a narrow front end and a large rear end. It can also be a stepped shape or other irregular shape that increases step by step.

[0059] Embodiment 2

[0060] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a steam turbine from a first perspective provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a steam turbine from a second perspective provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Cross-sectional view at AA in the middle.

[0061] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, a rotor of a steam turbine is provided, wherein the steam turbine includes a cylinder body 300, bearings 500 arranged at both ends of a rotating shaft 100, and the rotor of the steam turbine described in Embodiment 1. The technical solution described in Embodiment 1 also belongs to this embodiment, and the technical solution described in Embodiment 1 will not be repeated.

[0062] The rotating shaft 100 passes through the cylinder body 300, and the bearings 500 are respectively arranged at the positions where the rotating shaft 100 and the cylinder body 300 are connected;

[0063] The cylinder body 300 is provided with an exhaust steam outlet 301 and a pipeline interface corresponding to the exhaust steam outlet 301 .

[0064] Specifically, since the rotating shaft 100 rotates at a high speed driven by the blades 2022 , the connection position between the rotating shaft 100 and the cylinder body 300 is prone to wear, so two load-bearing bearings 500 are installed at the connection position between the rotating shaft 100 and the cylinder body 300 .

[0065] Furthermore, in an optional solution of this embodiment, two thrust bearings 500 are also included;

[0066] The two thrust bearings 500 are respectively disposed at positions where the rotating shaft 100 is connected to the cylinder body 300 .

[0067] In order to prevent the rotating shaft 100 from axial displacement during rotation, a thrust bearing 500 is further provided at the position where the rotating shaft 100 is connected to the cylinder body 300 .

[0068] In an optional solution of this embodiment, a steam inlet pipe 400 for ventilating the impeller structure 200 is further included, and the steam inlet pipe 400 is connected to the steam inlet through a high-pressure steam pipe at the center of the rotating shaft;

[0069] One end opening of the central high-pressure steam pipe of the rotating shaft is arranged on the end surface of the rotating shaft 100 , and the other end opening is arranged between the bottom plate 201 and the first impeller body 202 close to the bottom plate 201 .

[0070] In the above technical solution, further, a first air seal 601 for preventing air leakage at the connection is provided at the position where the steam inlet pipe 400 and the rotating shaft 100 are connected; a second air seal 602 for preventing gas from being discharged from the bearing 500 and the rotating shaft 100 is provided away from the position where the steam inlet pipe 400 and the rotating shaft 100 are connected.

[0071] In order to prevent the high-pressure steam discharged from the boiler from leaking at the connection position between the steam inlet pipe 400 and the rotating shaft 100, a first gas seal 601 is provided at this position to prevent steam leakage at the connection; in addition, in order to prevent the exhaust steam in the cylinder body 300 away from the input end from leaking and making it inconvenient for the exhaust pipe to discharge and utilize the exhaust steam, a second gas seal 602 is provided at a position away from the output end to prevent the steam from being discharged from the load-bearing bearing 500 and the rotating shaft 100.

[0072] In the above technical solution, further, the steam inlet pipe 400 and the cylinder body 300 have an integrated structure; or,

[0073] The steam inlet pipe 400 is detachably connected to the cylinder body 300 .

[0074] The steam inlet pipe 400 and the cylinder body 300 are detachably connected, and the connection method can be threaded connection or other sealed connection methods. The steam inlet pipe 400 and the cylinder body 300 can also be an integrated structure, which allows the high-pressure steam to directly enter the cylinder body 300 if a leak occurs at the first gas seal 601 after the high-pressure steam enters from the steam inlet pipe 400, thereby preventing energy loss and achieving near-zero leakage.

[0075] In the above technical solution, further, the outer surface of the cylinder body 300 is provided with a heat-insulating layer.

[0076] According to actual needs, in order to prevent the energy of steam from being dissipated through the wall of the cylinder 300, a heat preservation layer is also provided on the outer surface of the cylinder 300. If the gas passing through the steam channel is a low-temperature gas such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen, the heat preservation layer can also prevent external energy from entering the cylinder 300.

[0077] Embodiment 3

[0078] The prime mover device provided in this embodiment includes the steam turbine provided in the second embodiment. The technical solution described in the second embodiment also belongs to this embodiment, and the technical solution described in the second embodiment will not be described again.

[0079] Specifically, in this embodiment, the steam channel can be used to pass high-pressure gas, gas-liquid mixture or liquid.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steam turbine rotor, characterized in that: including a rotating shaft and an impeller structure; The impeller structure comprises a bottom plate, a plurality of impeller bodies sleeved and fixedly connected along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and a rotor protective layer wrapped around the outer edges of the plurality of impeller bodies; the bottom plate and the rotor protective layer cooperate to form a sleeve with an open end, and the sleeve is fixedly connected with the plurality of impeller bodies to form a steam channel; a steam inlet is provided in the space between the bottom plate and the first impeller body close to the bottom plate; The impeller body includes a hub and a plurality of blades; the plurality of blades are arranged along the circumference of the hub; the radius of the hub gradually decreases and the length of the blades gradually increases from one end close to the base plate to one end away from the base plate, so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the steam channel at each connection position of the impeller body and the rotor protective layer gradually increases from one end close to the base plate to one end away from the base plate.

2. The steam turbine rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blades are one or more of reaction blades, impulse blades, axial flow blades and radial flow blades.

3. The steam turbine rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blades are hollow blades.

4. The steam turbine rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the steam passage at the connection position between the impeller body and the rotor protection layer also includes: increasing the gap between two adjacent blades and / or increasing the number of blades.

5. The steam turbine rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate cooperates with the rotor protection layer to form a sleeve with one end open and in a cylindrical or trumpet shape.

6. The steam turbine rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a steam inlet pipe for ventilating the impeller structure, wherein the steam inlet pipe is connected to the steam inlet through a high-pressure steam pipe at the center of the rotating shaft; One end opening of the central high-pressure steam pipe of the rotating shaft is arranged on the end surface of the rotating shaft, and the other end opening is arranged between the bottom plate and the first impeller body close to the bottom plate.

7. A steam turbine, characterized in that: The steam turbine comprises a cylinder body, bearings arranged at both ends of a rotating shaft, and a rotor of the steam turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 6; The rotating shaft passes through the cylinder body, and the bearings are respectively arranged at the positions where the rotating shaft and the cylinder body are connected; The cylinder body is provided with an exhaust steam outlet and a pipeline interface corresponding to the exhaust steam outlet.

8. The steam turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that It also includes a steam inlet pipe for ventilating the impeller structure; a first air seal for preventing air leakage at the connection is provided at the position where the steam inlet pipe is connected to the rotating shaft; a second air seal for preventing gas from being discharged from the bearing and the rotating shaft is provided at a position away from the position where the steam inlet pipe is connected to the rotating shaft.

9. The steam turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that The rotor protection layer and / or the outer surface of the cylinder body are provided with a reinforcement protection layer and a heat preservation layer.

10. A prime mover device, characterized in that: comprising the steam turbine as claimed in claim 7; The steam channel is used for passing high-pressure gas, gas-liquid mixture or liquid.

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