A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter, which belongs to the technical field of fiber membrane filters, including a cylinder, a partition is provided in the middle of the cylinder, the partition is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, the partition divides the cylinder into two parts, the upper part is a clean water area, and the lower part is a turbid water area, a multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly is provided below the partition, the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly is connected to the clean water area through the water hole on the partition, and the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly includes a rigid skeleton layer, and the outer side of the cylinder wall of the rigid skeleton layer is provided with a protective support layer, a fine filter layer, a fluffy transition layer and an elastic adjustment layer from the inside to the outside. The effective filtration area ratio of the invention reaches 8-12, which greatly improves the effective filtration area ratio of the filter in the prior art, reduces the investment in equipment and engineering, reduces the operating cost, and fully reflects the design concept of "energy saving and environmental protection".

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fiber membrane filters, and in particular to a multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter. Background Art

[0002] The main function of water treatment engineering is to filter, remove impurities, separate and concentrate various types of water. Water filtration and purification equipment is closely related to people's production and life. In water treatment engineering, under the same water treatment volume and water quality, the volume of water treatment equipment should be made smaller as much as possible to reduce the investment in equipment and engineering and reduce operating costs. In other words, the same filter cylinder can use better materials and equipment structure to increase the amount of filtered water and improve the quality of treated water. Therefore, the technical staff of Shandong Jiutai Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. has devoted themselves to research and created a technical indicator for evaluating the performance of water quality filters: effective filtration area ratio X.

[0003] According to the technical requirements of filter design, engineers set: the area of ​​the filter element inside the filter that can effectively filter and separate impurities is A; the cross-sectional area of ​​the filter cylinder diameter is B. The ratio of the area A of the filter element inside the filter that can effectively filter and separate impurities to the cross-sectional area B of the filter cylinder diameter is named the effective filtration area ratio X, that is, X = A / B. According to experience, the larger the effective filtration area ratio, the larger the filter element area in the filter of the same diameter. For the same amount of treated water, the diameter and height of the filter can be greatly reduced, thereby reducing equipment and civil engineering investment.

[0004] In the prior art media filters, fiber bundle (ball) filters, etc., the cross-sectional area B of the cylinder diameter that can intercept and separate impurities is the effective filter element area A, that is, the effective filtration area ratio is 1. However, the above prior art cannot further increase the effective filtration area ratio, reduce the investment in equipment and engineering, and reduce the operating cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter. The effective filtration area ratio of the present invention reaches 8-12, which greatly improves the effective filtration area ratio of the prior art filter, reduces the investment in equipment and engineering, and reduces operating costs.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter comprises a cylinder, wherein a partition is provided in the middle of the cylinder, the partition is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, the partition divides the cylinder into two parts, the upper part is a clean water area, and the lower part is a turbid water area, a multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly is provided below the partition, the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly is connected with the clean water area through the water holes on the partition, the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly comprises a rigid skeleton layer, the rigid skeleton layer is a cylindrical structure with an open upper end, a plurality of through holes are provided on the cylinder wall of the rigid skeleton layer, a protective support layer, a fine filtration layer, a fluffy transition layer and an elastic adjustment layer are provided on the outer side of the cylinder wall of the rigid skeleton layer from the inside to the outside, the pores of the elastic adjustment layer are larger than the pores of the fluffy transition layer, and the pores of the fluffy transition layer are larger than the pores of the fine filtration layer.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper end of the cylinder is connected to the head, which is a hemispherical shell structure. The upper part of the head is connected to the upper tube, the upper end of the upper tube is connected to the outlet pipe and the flushing pipe, the lower end of the upper tube is connected to the upper flow stabilizer, the bottom end of the cylinder is connected to the lower tube, the lower end of the lower tube is connected to the water inlet pipe and the sewage pipe, and the upper end of the lower tube is connected to the lower flow stabilizer.

[0009] Furthermore, a porous plate is provided on the water passage hole, and the porous plate is connected to the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly through a closed locking device.

[0010] Furthermore, a man tube 1 is provided above the partition, and a man tube 2 is provided below the partition. Both the man tube 1 and the man tube 2 are connected to the side wall of the cylinder, and a sight glass is provided on the side wall of the cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the protective support layer is a plain weave structure, the fine filter layer is a non-woven fabric structure, the fluffy transition layer is a towel weave structure, and the elasticity adjustment layer is a knitted weave structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the through hole is a circular hole, and the diameter of the through hole is 4-5 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the protective support layer is of a 2 / 2 plain weave structure, the yarn of the protective support layer is made of filament fiber, the pore diameter of the protective support layer is 60-100 um, and the porosity of the protective support layer is 40%.

[0014] Furthermore, the pore diameter of the fine filter layer is 10-50 um, the porosity of the fine filter layer is 40%-50%, and the fine filter layer is made of polypropylene fiber.

[0015] Furthermore, the yarn of the fluffy transition layer is made of filament fiber, the pore diameter of the fluffy transition layer is 200-300um, and the porosity of the fluffy transition layer is 40%.

[0016] Furthermore, the yarn of the elasticity adjusting layer is made of filament fiber, the pore diameter of the elasticity adjusting layer is greater than 300um, and the porosity of the elasticity adjusting layer is 30-40%.

[0017] The present invention has the beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. Because a partition is provided in the middle of the cylinder, and the partition is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, the partition divides the cylinder into two parts, the upper part is the clean water area, and the lower part is the turbid water area. A multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly is provided under the partition, and the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly is connected with the clean water area through the water hole on the partition. Therefore, the purified water filtered by the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly can enter the clean water area through the water hole. During backwashing, the backwashing water can also enter the turbid water area through the water hole and the multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter.

[0019] Because the rigid skeleton layer is a cylindrical structure with an open upper end, the rigid skeleton layer as a whole has sufficient mechanical strength. During the filtration and backwashing process, the rigid skeleton layer can support the deformation of the protective support layer, fine filtration layer, fluffy transition layer and elastic adjustment layer outside the rigid skeleton layer, so that the protective support layer, fine filtration layer, fluffy transition layer and elastic adjustment layer remain in a cylindrical shape; because a plurality of through holes are provided on the rigid skeleton layer, the through holes provide flow channels for the water to be filtered and the backwashing water, so that the water to be filtered or the backwashing water can pass through the rigid skeleton layer, and also enable the backwashing water to more evenly rinse the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly.

[0020] Because the outer side of the cylinder wall of the rigid skeleton layer is provided with a protective support layer, a fine filtration layer, a fluffy transition layer and an elastic adjustment layer from the inside to the outside, the pores of the elastic adjustment layer are larger than those of the fluffy transition layer, and the pores of the fluffy transition layer are larger than those of the fine filtration layer. Therefore, when filtering, when the water to be filtered passes through the elastic adjustment layer, the fluffy transition layer and the fine filtration layer in turn, the filtration accuracy becomes higher and higher, and gradient filtration of the water to be filtered is realized, which can not only improve the filtration accuracy, but also reduce the filtration pressure of each filtration layer and increase the service life of each filtration layer; when backwashing, the backwashing water passes through the rigid skeleton layer, the protective support layer, the fine filtration layer, the fluffy transition layer and the elastic adjustment layer in turn, which can wash away the impurities wrapped in each layer. Moreover, it will not adhere to other layers. For example, impurities attached to the fine filter layer will be separated from the fine filter layer after being washed by backwash water. Since the pores of the fluffy transition layer are larger than those of the fine filter layer, the impurities separated from the fine filter layer will not continue to be embedded in the fluffy transition layer, which makes it easy to wash away the impurities and achieve gradient washing of impurities, thereby improving the backwashing effect, facilitating backwashing, and eliminating the need for frequent replacement, thereby having a long service life and saving costs. In addition, there is no need to use quartz sand, anthracite, or activated carbon particles as filter media, thereby avoiding water pollution and waste of water resources caused by the use of filter media.

[0021] In summary, the effective filtering and separating impurity area of ​​the present invention includes a rigid skeleton layer, a protective support layer, a fine filtering layer, a fluffy transition layer and an elastic adjustment layer, which is much larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the cylinder diameter. Therefore, the effective filtering area ratio of the present invention is much larger than 1, and the effective filtering area ratio reaches 8-12, which greatly improves the effective filtering area ratio of the prior art filter, thereby greatly reducing the diameter and height of the prior art filter, reducing the investment in equipment and engineering, and reducing operating costs.

[0022] 2. Because the upper end of the cylinder is connected to the end cap, which is a hemispherical shell structure, the upper end of the end cap is connected to the upper tube, and the upper end of the upper tube is connected to the outlet pipe and the flushing pipe, so during backwashing, the backwashing water can enter the cylinder through the flushing pipe and the upper tube; during filtration, the filtered purified water after being filtered by the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly flows out through the upper tube and the outlet pipe; because the lower end of the upper tube is connected to the upper flow stabilizing plate, the backwashing water can be evenly distributed to each multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly; because the bottom end of the cylinder is connected to the lower tube, and the lower end of the lower tube is connected to the water inlet pipe and the sewage pipe, the water to be filtered can enter the cylinder through the water inlet pipe and the lower tube; and the sewage in the cylinder can flow out from the lower pipe and the sewage pipe; because the upper end of the lower tube is connected to the lower flow stabilizing plate, the water to be filtered can be evenly distributed to each multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly, ensuring that the water to be filtered is uniform and has no biased flow; in addition, water entering from below can cause some impurities in the water to be filtered to settle by their own gravity.

[0023] 3. Because a porous plate is provided on the water hole, the purified water after filtration needs to pass through the porous plate to enter the clean water area, and the backwash water also needs to pass through the porous plate to enter the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly. The porous plate not only further filters the purified water after filtration and the backwash water, but also enables the backwash water to be dispersed when entering the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly, and enters the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly more evenly; because the porous plate is connected to the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly through a closed locking device, it can prevent the purified water after filtration from directly entering the clean water area without passing through the porous plate, and prevent the backwash water from entering the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly without passing through the porous plate. The closed locking device makes the porous plate and the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly in close contact to prevent side leakage.

[0024] 4. Because there is a man-tube 1 above the partition and a man-tube 2 below the partition, both man-tube 1 and man-tube 2 are connected to the side wall of the cylinder, so man-tube 1 is connected to the clean water area, and man-tube 2 is connected to the turbid water area, which can facilitate the staff to install or replace the multi-layer composite fiber membrane components, and facilitate the cleaning of the clean water area and the turbid water area. Because there is a sight glass on the side wall of the cylinder, it is convenient for the staff to observe the situation inside the cylinder during filtration and backwashing.

[0025] 5. Because the warp and weft yarns of the plain weave structure are closely crossed and the interlacing points are dense, the protective support layer is stiffer and has high tearing strength, and it does not deform under the hydraulic impact of the water to be filtered and the backwashing water; it has good wear resistance and is not easily damaged by the friction of impurity particles, which increases the service life of the protective support layer; moreover, the protective support layer is arranged between the rigid skeleton layer and the fine filter layer, which can support the fine filter layer during filtration, help the fine filter layer resist the impact of the water to be filtered, prevent the fine filter layer from shrinking excessively under the impact of the water to be filtered, reduce the pores of the fine filter layer, and reduce the amount of water passing; moreover, during backwashing, the protective support layer can help the fine filter layer resist the impact of the backwashing water, prevent the fine filter layer from stretching excessively outward under the impact of the flushing water, increase the pores of the fine filter layer, and reduce the filtration accuracy and the amount of dirt holding. Because the fine filter layer is a non-woven fabric structure, the fine filter layer with a non-woven fabric structure has the advantages of high strength, flexibility, non-toxicity, tastelessness, and low price of non-woven fabrics. Because the fluffy transition layer is a towel structure, the towel structure is soft and has a good fluffy effect. It can quickly fluff up during backwashing and help support the elastic adjustment layer outside the fluffy transition layer. Because the elastic adjustment layer is a knitted structure, the knitted structure has good elasticity, so that the elastic adjustment layer has excellent elastic performance.

[0026] During filtration, the layers of the multilayer composite fiber membrane assembly are attached together, so that the water to be filtered can continuously pass through the filter assembly, and the pores of each layer are further reduced, further improving the filtration accuracy and achieving a dense filtration effect; during backwashing, the pores of each layer will be further expanded, making it convenient for the impurities carried by each layer to be separated from the membrane layer with the impact of the water flow, so as to achieve the purpose of thorough cleaning, and have the advantage of backwashing fluffy. In summary, the multilayer composite fiber membrane assembly of the present invention is not only a gradient structure with sparse outside and dense inside, but also has elasticity, achieving a dense filtration and backwashing fluffy effect, further improving the filtration accuracy and backwashing effect, extending the service life of the multilayer composite fiber membrane assembly, and is suitable for continuous and automatic liquid filtration purification and feed liquid concentration processes.

[0027] 6. Because the through hole is circular, it is more convenient to process the through hole of the rigid skeleton layer. The diameter of the through hole is preferably 4-5 mm. On the one hand, it can avoid the increase of water flow due to the through hole being too large and the reduction of the mechanical strength of the rigid skeleton layer; on the other hand, it can prevent the reduction of water flow due to the through hole being too small.

[0028] 7. Because the yarn of the protective support layer is made of filament fiber, the protective support layer formed by weaving filament fiber has fewer joints than the protective support layer formed by weaving staple fiber, has good flexibility and high mechanical strength; the protective support layer formed by weaving staple fiber has many joints, and during filtration and backwashing, the protective support layer is easy to break at the joints, and has poor mechanical strength and flexibility; the protective support layer is preferably a 2 / 2 plain weave structure, because the 2 / 2 plain weave structure has higher yarn strength and good flexibility than the 1 / 1 plain weave structure, is not easy to break, and has a long service life; because the pore diameter of the protective support layer is 60-100μm, the protective support layer can filter out impurities with a particle size greater than 100μm, and the porosity of the protective support layer is 40%, so the protective support layer has a higher water flow rate.

[0029] 8. Because the pore diameter of the fine filter layer is 10-50μm, and the porosity of the fine filter layer is 40%-50%, the fine filter layer can at least filter impurities with a particle size greater than 50μm. The filtration accuracy of the fine filter layer is higher than that of the fluffy transition layer, the filtration quality is better, and it has a higher water flow rate; because the fine filter layer is made of polypropylene fiber, which is a synthetic fiber spun from isotactic polypropylene obtained by propylene polymerization, the fine filter layer also has the excellent properties of polypropylene fiber, such as light weight, high strength, good elasticity, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and aging resistance.

[0030] 9. Because the yarn of the fluffy transition layer is made of filament fiber, the fluffy transition layer formed by filament fiber weaving has fewer joints, better flexibility and higher mechanical strength than the fluffy transition layer formed by short fiber weaving; the fluffy transition layer formed by short fiber weaving has more joints, and during filtration and backwashing, the fluffy transition layer is easy to break at the joints, and has poor mechanical strength and flexibility; because the pore diameter of the fluffy transition layer is 200-300 μm, and the porosity of the fluffy transition layer is 40%, the fluffy transition layer can at least filter impurities with a particle size greater than 300 μm, and the pores of the fluffy transition layer are greater than the pores of the elastic adjustment layer, so that the water to be filtered can be further filtered after passing through the fluffy transition layer, thereby improving the filtration accuracy and having a higher water flow rate.

[0031] 10. Because the yarn of the elastic regulating layer is made of filament fiber, the elastic regulating layer formed by weaving filament fiber has fewer joints than the elastic regulating layer formed by weaving short filament fiber, and has higher elasticity and strength; because the filament fiber is knitted to form a three-dimensional cross elastic regulating layer, the elasticity of the elastic regulating layer is further enhanced; because the pore diameter of the elastic regulating layer is greater than 300μm, and the porosity of the elastic regulating layer is 30-40%, the elastic regulating layer can filter impurities with a particle size greater than 300μm, and has a higher water flow rate; during backwashing, under the impact of hydraulic force, the elastic regulating layer fully stretches and becomes fluffy, and the impurities trapped on the elastic regulating layer are discharged from the sewage outlet with the water flow. After the sewage is discharged, the filtering operation can be carried out, and the elastic regulating layer restores good filtering performance, and no positive flushing process is required. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a half-section view of a multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a top view of a multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the airtight locking device;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the rigid skeleton layer;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of a plain weave structure;

[0038] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Sectional view of AA;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the 2 / 2 plain weave structure of the protection support layer;

[0040] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the filtering operation state of the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly;

[0041] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the backwashing state of the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly;

[0042] Fig.11 yes Fig.10 A partial enlarged view of point B.

[0043] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1-cylinder, 101-clean water area, 102-turbid water area, 2-partition, 3-multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly, 4-leg, 5-lower pipe, 6-flange three, 7-man pipe two, 8-flange one, 9-flange cover, 10-man pipe one, 11-sight mirror, 12-lifting ear, 13-exhaust valve, 14-upper pipe, 15-flange two, 16-head, 17-upper flow stabilizing plate, 18-lower flow stabilizing plate, 19-flushing pipe, 20-backwashing valve, 21-outlet valve, 22-outlet pipe, 23-inlet pipe, 24-inlet valve, 25-drain valve, 26-drain pipe, 27-porous plate, 31-sealed locking device, 32-rigid skeleton layer, 33-through hole, 34-protective support layer, 35-fine filtration layer, 36-fluffy transition layer, 37-elasticity adjustment layer, 38-warp yarn, 39-weft yarn, 40-interlaced pores.

[0044] It is worth noting that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Embodiment 1:

[0047] A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes a cylinder 1, a partition 2 is horizontally arranged in the middle of the cylinder 1, the partition 2 is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 1, the partition 2 divides the cylinder 1 into two parts, the upper part is a clean water area 101, and the lower part is a turbid water area 102. A multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3 is arranged below the partition 2, and the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3 is connected to the clean water area 101 through the water hole on the partition 2. The multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3 is connected to the partition 2, and the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3 includes a rigid skeleton layer 32, as shown in FIG. Figure 5As shown, the rigid skeleton layer 32 is a thin-walled cylindrical structure with an open top. The cylindrical wall of the rigid skeleton layer 32 is densely covered with through holes 33, which are round holes with a diameter of 4 mm. The outer side of the cylindrical wall of the rigid skeleton layer 32 is provided with a protective support layer 34, a fine filtration layer 35, a fluffy transition layer 36 and an elastic adjustment layer 37 from the inside to the outside. Because the rigid skeleton layer 32 is a thin-walled cylindrical structure with an open top, the rigid skeleton layer 32 has sufficient mechanical strength as a whole. During the filtration and backwashing process, The rigid skeleton layer 32 can support the deformation of the protective support layer 34, the fine filter layer 35, the fluffy transition layer 36 and the elastic adjustment layer 37 outside the rigid skeleton layer 32, so that the protective support layer 34, the fine filter layer 35, the fluffy transition layer 36 and the elastic adjustment layer 37 remain in a cylindrical shape; the rigid skeleton layer 32 as a whole not only has sufficient mechanical strength, but also has a certain toughness. During the filtering and backwashing process, the rigid skeleton layer 32 itself will also undergo slight elastic deformation, which can have a certain buffering effect on the water flow, thereby reducing the impact force on the rigid skeleton layer 32 itself and improving the service life of the rigid skeleton layer 32. Because the cylindrical wall of the rigid skeleton layer 32 is densely covered with through holes 33, the through holes 33 provide a flow channel for the water to be filtered and the backwashing water, so that the water to be filtered or the backwashing water can pass through the rigid skeleton layer 32; because the through holes 33 are circular, it is more convenient to process the through holes 33 of the rigid skeleton layer 32. In addition to the circular through holes, the through holes 33 can also be elliptical, strip-shaped or other geometric shapes.

[0048] In addition, the rigid skeleton layer 32 can also be a stainless steel wire woven mesh, so the rigid skeleton layer 32 does not need to be punched. The stainless steel woven mesh itself already has a flow channel that allows the water to be filtered and the backwash water to flow through, and the stainless steel woven mesh has good corrosion resistance, which increases the service life of the rigid skeleton layer 32; if the rigid skeleton layer 32 is a punched plate mesh, it can also provide a flow channel for the water to be filtered and the backwash water.

[0049] The protective support layer 34 is a plain weave structure. Figure 6 and 7As shown, the warp yarn 38 and the weft yarn 39 are interwoven in an up-and-down interweaving pattern to form a fabric structure, that is, the warp yarn 38 and the weft yarn 39 are interwoven every other yarn, and the interweaving gap 40 is rectangular. Because the warp yarns 38 and weft yarns 39 of the plain weave structure are closely crossed, the interlacing points are dense, and there is no difference between the front and back sides, the protective support layer 34 is more rigid, has high tearing strength, and does not deform under the hydraulic impact of high pressure and high speed in the positive and reverse directions; it has good wear resistance and is not easily damaged by the friction of foreign particles, thereby increasing the service life of the protective support layer 34; moreover, the protective support layer 34 is arranged between the rigid skeleton layer 32 and the fine filter layer 35, and can support the fine filter layer 35 during filtering, help the fine filter layer 35 resist the impact of the water to be filtered, prevent the fine filter layer 35 from excessively shrinking under the impact of the water to be filtered, reduce the pores of the fine filter layer 35, and reduce the amount of water passing; and during backwashing, the protective support layer 34 can help the fine filter layer 35 resist the impact of the backwashing water, prevent the fine filter layer 35 from excessively stretching outward under the impact of the backwashing water, increase the pores of the fine filter layer 35, and reduce the filtering accuracy and the amount of dirt holding.

[0050] The protective support layer 34 is made of filament fibers. The protective support layer 34 formed by weaving filament fibers has fewer joints than the protective support layer 34 formed by weaving short filament fibers, has good flexibility and high mechanical strength; the protective support layer 34 formed by weaving short filament fibers has more joints, and the protective support layer 34 is easy to break at the joints during filtration and backwashing, and has poor mechanical strength and flexibility. The protective support layer 34 is a 2 / 2 plain weave structure, such as Figure 8 As shown, 2 / 2 is read as two up and two down, indicating that the number of warp points on each yarn in the weave cycle is 2, and the number of weft points is 2. The yarn of the 2 / 2 plain weave structure is stronger and more flexible than that of the 1 / 1 plain weave structure, and is not prone to breakage and has a longer service life. This is because when the 2 / 2 plain weave structure is woven and formed, each warp yarn 38 and weft yarn 39 will have a certain degree of twist, thereby making the yarn stronger; the pore diameter of the protective support layer 34 is 60-100μm, and the porosity is 40%, so the protective support layer 34 can at least filter impurities with a particle size of 100μm or more.

[0051] The fine filter layer 35 is a non-woven fabric structure. Non-woven fabric is a fabric that does not require spinning and weaving. It is formed by orienting or randomly supporting textile short fibers or filament fibers to form a fiber mesh structure, and then strengthening it by mechanical, thermal bonding or chemical methods. The fine filter layer 35 with a non-woven fabric structure has the advantages of high strength, flexibility, non-toxicity, tastelessness and low price of non-woven fabrics; according to the requirements of the influent water quality and the treated water quality, the pore diameter of the fine filter layer 35 is 10-50μm, and the porosity of the fine filter layer 35 is 40%-50%, so the fine filter layer 35 can at least filter impurities with a particle size greater than 50μm. The fine filter layer 35 uses polypropylene fiber, which is a synthetic fiber spun from isotactic polypropylene obtained by propylene polymerization, so that the fine filter layer 35 also has the excellent properties of polypropylene fiber such as light weight, high strength, good elasticity, corrosion resistance, and high temperature resistance.

[0052] The fluffy transition layer 36 is a towel tissue structure with a soft texture and good fluffy effect. It can be quickly fluffy during backwashing to help support the elastic adjustment layer 37 outside the fluffy transition layer 36; the yarn of the fluffy transition layer 36 is made of filament fiber, and the fluffy transition layer 36 formed by weaving filament fiber has fewer joints than the fluffy transition layer 36 formed by weaving staple fiber, has good flexibility and high mechanical strength; the fluffy transition layer 36 formed by weaving staple fiber has many joints, and during filtration and backwashing, the fluffy transition layer 36 is easy to break at the joint, and has poor mechanical strength and flexibility; the pore diameter of the fluffy transition layer 36 is 200-300μm, so the fluffy transition layer 36 can optimally filter impurities with a particle size greater than 200μm, and the porosity of the fluffy transition layer 36 is 40%, which increases the dirt holding capacity of the fluffy transition layer 36.

[0053] The elastic adjustment layer 37 is a knitted structure, which has good elasticity, so that the elastic adjustment layer 37 has excellent elastic performance; the yarn of the elastic adjustment layer 37 is filament fiber, and the filament fiber of the elastic adjustment layer 37 is subjected to elasticization and modification treatment, which further improves the elasticity, and forms a three-dimensional cross elastic adjustment layer 37 by knitting method, the pore diameter of the elastic adjustment layer 37 is greater than 300 μm, and the gap of the knitted structure is large, which increases the dirt holding capacity of the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3, so that the elastic adjustment layer 37 can filter impurities with a particle size greater than 300 μm, and the porosity of the elastic adjustment layer 37 is 30-40%. During backwashing, under the impact of hydraulic force, the elastic adjustment layer 37 is fully stretched and fluffy, and the impurities trapped on the elastic adjustment layer 37 are discharged with the water flow. After the sewage is discharged, the filtration operation can be carried out, and the elastic adjustment layer 37 restores good filtering performance, and the positive flushing process is not required.

[0054] Because the yarn of the elasticity-adjusting layer 37 is made of filament fibers that have been subjected to elasticization and modification, the elasticity-adjusting layer 37 formed by weaving the filament fibers that have been subjected to elasticization and modification has fewer joints and has higher elasticity and strength than the elasticity-adjusting layer 37 formed by weaving the filament fibers that have been subjected to elasticization and modification; because the elasticity-adjusting layer 37 is formed into a three-dimensionally crossed shape by knitting, the elasticity of the elasticity-adjusting layer 37 is further enhanced.

[0055] The pore diameter of the elastic adjustment layer 37 is greater than 300 μm, the pore diameter of the fluffy transition layer 36 is 200-300 μm, and the pore diameter of the fine filter layer 35 is 10-50 μm, so the pores of the elastic adjustment layer 37 are larger than the pores of the fluffy transition layer 36 , and the pores of the fluffy transition layer 36 are larger than the pores of the fine filter layer 35 . Therefore, during filtration, when the water to be filtered passes through the elastic adjustment layer 37, the fluffy transition layer 36 and the fine filter layer 35 in sequence, the filtration accuracy becomes higher and higher, and gradient filtration of the water to be filtered is achieved, which can not only improve the filtration accuracy, but also reduce the filtration pressure of each filter layer, thereby increasing the service life of each filter layer; during backwashing, the backwashing water passes through the rigid skeleton layer 32, the protective support layer 34, the fine filter layer 35, the fluffy transition layer 36 and the elastic adjustment layer 37 in sequence, and the impurities attached to each layer can be washed away, and will not be attached to other layers. For example, impurities attached to the fine filter layer 35 will be separated from the fine filter layer 35 after being washed by the backwashing water. Since the pores of the fluffy transition layer 36 are larger than those of the fine filter layer 35, the impurities separated from the fine filter layer 35 will not continue to be attached to the fluffy transition layer 36, thereby achieving gradient washing of the impurities.

[0056] The upper part of the rigid skeleton layer 32, the upper part of the protective support layer 34, the upper part of the fine filter layer 35, the upper part of the fluffy transition layer 36 and the upper part of the elastic adjustment layer 37 are connected by connecting parts. The rigid skeleton layer 32, the protective support layer 34, the fine filter layer 35, the fluffy transition layer 36 and the upper part of the elastic adjustment layer 37 can be fixed together by the connecting parts without hindering the filtering density of each layer and the fluffy backwashing effect.

[0057] The total thickness of the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3 is 15-20mm, of which the rigid skeleton layer 32 is 1-2mm thick, the protective support layer 34 is 2-3mm thick, the fine filter layer 35 is 2-3mm thick, the fluffy transition layer 36 is 2-3mm thick, and the elastic adjustment layer 37 is 3-4mm thick. It is designed in a targeted manner according to the requirements of the influent water quality and the treated water quality.

[0058] Furthermore, a human pipe 10 is provided above the partition 2, and a human pipe 2 7 is provided below the partition 2. Both human pipe 10 and human pipe 2 7 are connected to the side wall of the cylinder 1, so that human pipe 10 is connected to the clean water area 101, and human pipe 2 7 is connected to the turbid water area 102. The ends of human pipe 10 and human pipe 2 7 away from the cylinder 1 are connected to flange 1 8, and the end of flange 1 8 away from the cylinder 1 is connected to the flange cover 9 by bolts; a sight glass 11 is provided on the side wall of the cylinder 1, and four sight glasses 11 are provided, specifically, one each on the front and rear sides of the upper side wall of the cylinder 1, and one each on the front and rear sides of the lower side wall of the cylinder 1.

[0059] Further, the upper end of the cylinder 1 is connected to the head 16, the head 16 is a hemispherical shell structure, the upper part of the head 16 is connected to the upper tube 14, the upper end of the upper tube 14 is connected to the outlet pipe 22 and the flushing pipe 19 through the flange 2 15, the outlet pipe 22 is provided with a water outlet valve 21, the flushing pipe 19 is provided with a backwash valve 20, the lower end of the upper tube 14 is connected to the upper flow stabilizing plate 17, the upper flow stabilizing plate 17 is arranged in the clean water area 101, the upper part of the head 16 is also provided with an exhaust valve 13 and a lifting lug 12, the exhaust valve 13 and the lifting lug 12 are both connected to the head 16; the bottom end of the cylinder 1 is connected to the lower tube 5, the lower end of the lower tube 5 is connected to the water inlet pipe 23 and the sewage pipe 26 through the flange 3 6, A water inlet valve 24 is provided on the water inlet pipe 23, a sewage valve 25 is provided on the sewage pipe 26, the upper end of the lower pipe 5 is connected to the lower flow stabilizer 18, and the lower flow stabilizer 18 is arranged in the turbid water area 102; a plurality of legs 4 are provided at the lower part of the cylinder 1, and the legs 4 are welded to the lower part of the cylinder 1.

[0060] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, the water hole is provided with a porous plate 27, and the porous plate 27 is connected to the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3 through a closed locking device 31. The closed locking device 31 is a prior art, and the closed locking device 31 is sleeved on the upper end of the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3, and the porous plate 27 is placed between the upper end surface of the edge of the rigid skeleton layer 32 and the closed locking device 31. The three claws of the closed locking device 31 rotate clockwise to continuously clamp the thick ends of the claws, thereby achieving close contact between the porous plate 27 and the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3.

[0061] When working:

[0062] When filtering is run, such as Figure 3 , 9As shown in 11, an external pressure water inlet filtration method is adopted, the water inlet valve 24 and the water outlet valve 21 are opened, the backwash valve 20 and the sewage valve 25 are closed, and the water to be filtered flows into the interior of the cylinder 1 through the water inlet pipe 23 and the lower pipe 5. The lower flow stabilizing plate 18 evenly distributes the water to be filtered to each multi-layer composite fiber membrane component 3 to ensure that the water to be filtered is uniform and has no bias flow. The water to be filtered is evenly distributed on the surface of the entire multi-layer composite fiber membrane component 3, and the water to be filtered enters the inner layer from the outside of the multi-layer composite fiber membrane component 3. Specifically, the water to be filtered first passes through the elastic adjustment layer 37, and the particle size in the water to be filtered is greater than 300μm. The impurities are intercepted by the elastic regulating layer 37 outside the elastic regulating layer 37 or attached to the surface of the elastic regulating layer 37. The water filtered by the elastic regulating layer 37 meets the fluffy transition layer 36. The fluffy transition layer 36 intercepts the impurities with a particle size of 200-300μm in the water to be filtered. The water filtered by the fluffy transition layer 36 meets the fine filter layer 35. The fine filter layer 35 filters out impurities with smaller particle sizes. The water filtered by the fine filter layer 35 then passes through the protective support layer 34 and enters the rigid skeleton layer 32, and finally enters the water purification area 101 through the porous plate 27, and then flows from the water purification area 101 into the water outlet pipe 22 to complete the filtration. In this filtering process, the water to be filtered gradually enters the inside of the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3 from the outside. Due to the impact of the water to be filtered and the compression pressure of the elastic adjustment layer 37, the protective support layer 34, the fine filter layer 35, the fluffy transition layer 36 and the elastic adjustment layer 37 in the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3 are close together to form an "ideal filter layer" with a sparse outside and a dense inside. The water to be filtered continuously passes through the "ideal filter layer" with a sparse outside and a dense inside formed by the elastic adjustment layer 37, the fluffy transition layer 36, the fine filter layer 35 and the protective support layer 34, and impurities with particle sizes from large to small are gradually retained. Compared with the filter material in the prior art that can only retain impurity particles of fixed particle sizes, the filtering accuracy is greatly improved. Larger particle impurities are retained on the surface of the elastic adjustment layer 37, medium particle impurities are retained by the fluffy transition layer 36, and small particle impurities are captured in the fine filter layer 35, realizing multi-layer deep filtration. Moreover, the porosity of each layer is much higher than that of the existing conventional filter media, which greatly increases the pollution holding capacity. The pollution holding capacity of the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3 is 10-15 times that of a conventional core filter. After filtration, the clean water flows out from the inside of the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3 and is collected in the clean water area 101 on the upper part of the porous plate 27; impurities are intercepted outside the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3.

[0063] Backwash process: Figure 3 , 10As shown in 11, when more impurities are retained, close the water inlet valve 24 and the water outlet valve 21; open the backwash valve 20 and the sewage valve 25, and the filtered purified water enters the interior of the cylinder 1 through the flushing pipe 19 and the upper pipe 14. The filtered purified water flushes the multilayer composite fiber membrane assembly 3, and the good filtering performance of the multilayer composite fiber membrane assembly 3 can be restored. Specifically, the backwash water passes through the protective support layer 34, the fine filtration layer 35, the fluffy transition layer 36 and the elastic adjustment layer 37 in sequence. Under the hydraulic impact, each layer stretches and shakes by itself, so that the protective support layer 34, the fine filtration layer 35, the fluffy transition layer 36 and the elastic adjustment layer 37 are gradually loosened in sequence; each layer no longer clamps the trapped impurities, and the impurities trapped on the fine filtration layer 35, the fluffy transition layer 36 and the elastic adjustment layer 37 are washed away, realizing the regeneration performance of "layered backwashing", which is easy to backwash, can be repeatedly washed for long-term use, and improves the service life; the purified water after filtration can be directly used as backwash water, which can be thoroughly backwashed. The multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3 has the advantages of high precision, fast filtration rate, and easy backwashing, and is suitable for the process of continuous automatic liquid filtration purification and liquid concentration. It combines the characteristics of good pollution interception performance of fiber filter material with the characteristics of good backwashing effect of particle filter material. In addition, the high porosity and reasonable gradient of sparse outside and dense inside of the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3 ensure that high precision and fast filtration rate can be achieved at the same time. The washed sewage is discharged through the sewage pipe.

[0064] The present invention is applicable to the coarse filtration, medium filtration and fine filtration of any fine particles or suspended matter. The multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly 3 can filter and remove particulate impurities, suspended matter, sediment, rust, heavy metals and the like in water.

[0065] All parts of a multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter are standard models with strong versatility. The water-related parts of the filter are made of stainless steel, which is non-corrosive, strong and resistant to high pressure. A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter is produced according to a standard assembly line to ensure equipment quality and quick maintenance. In addition, the invention has a reasonable structure, small size, high efficiency, simple operation and strong applicability, which truly embodies the new technology concept of "environmental protection and energy saving".

[0066] Embodiment 2:

[0067] A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter, whose structure is the same as that of Example 1, except that: the diameter of the through hole 33 is 3 mm.

[0068] Embodiment 3:

[0069] A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter, whose structure is the same as that of Example 1, except that: the diameter of the through hole 33 is 5 mm.

[0070] Embodiment 4:

[0071] A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter, whose structure is the same as that of Example 1, except that: the diameter of the through hole 33 is 6 mm.

[0072] Embodiment 5:

[0073] In Examples 1-4, the effects of different sizes of through holes 33 of the rigid skeleton layer 32 on the water flow rate and the mechanical strength of the rigid skeleton layer 32 are shown in Table 1:

[0074] Table 1 Effect of different through hole sizes of rigid skeleton layer on water flow and mechanical strength of rigid skeleton layer

[0075]

[0076] As can be seen from Table 1, the diameter of the through hole 33 is preferably 4-5 mm. On the one hand, this can prevent the problem of increased water flow and reduced mechanical strength of the rigid skeleton layer 32 due to the through hole 33 being too large; on the other hand, it can prevent the problem of reduced water flow due to the through hole 33 being too small.

Claims

1. A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter, comprising a cylinder, It is characterized in that A partition is provided in the middle of the cylinder body, the partition is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder body, the partition divides the cylinder body into two parts, the upper part is the clean water area, and the lower part is the turbid water area. A multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly is provided below the partition, and the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly is connected to the clean water area through the water holes on the partition; The upper end of the cylinder is connected to the head, the upper end of the head is connected to the upper pipe, the upper end of the upper pipe is connected to the outlet pipe and the flushing pipe, the outlet pipe is provided with an outlet valve, the flushing pipe is provided with a backwash valve, the bottom end of the cylinder is connected to the lower pipe, the lower end of the lower pipe is connected to the inlet pipe and the sewage pipe, the inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet valve, and the sewage pipe is provided with a sewage valve; The multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly includes a rigid skeleton layer, which is a cylindrical structure with an open upper end, a plurality of through holes are arranged on the cylindrical wall of the rigid skeleton layer, and a protective support layer, a fine filter layer, a fluffy transition layer and an elastic adjustment layer are arranged on the outer side of the cylindrical wall of the rigid skeleton layer from the inside to the outside in sequence, the pores of the elastic adjustment layer are larger than the pores of the fluffy transition layer, the pores of the fluffy transition layer are larger than the pores of the fine filter layer, the protective support layer is a plain weave structure, the fine filter layer is a non-woven fabric structure, the fluffy transition layer is a towel weave structure, and the elastic adjustment layer is a knitted weave structure; During filtration, the protective support layer, the fine filtration layer, the fluffy transition layer and the elastic adjustment layer are close together, and the pores of the protective support layer, the fine filtration layer, the fluffy transition layer and the elastic adjustment layer are reduced to form a dense filtration structure; During backwashing, the protective support layer, the fine filtration layer, the fluffy transition layer and the elastic adjustment layer are loosely separated, and the pores of the protective support layer, the fine filtration layer, the fluffy transition layer and the elastic adjustment layer are enlarged to form a backwashing fluffy structure.

2. A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The end cap is a hemispherical shell structure, the lower end of the upper tube is connected to the upper flow stabilizing plate, and the upper end of the lower tube is connected to the lower flow stabilizing plate.

3. A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A porous plate is arranged on the water passage hole, and the porous plate is connected with the multi-layer composite fiber membrane assembly through a closed locking device.

4. A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A man tube 1 is arranged above the partition, and a man tube 2 is arranged below the partition. Both the man tube 1 and the man tube 2 are connected to the side wall of the cylinder, and a sight glass is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder.

5. A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The through hole is a round hole, and the diameter of the through hole is 4-5 mm.

6. A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The protective support layer is of a 2 / 2 plain weave structure, the yarn of the protective support layer is made of filament fiber, the pore diameter of the protective support layer is 60-100 μm, and the porosity of the protective support layer is 40%.

7. A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The pore diameter of the fine filter layer is 10-50 μm, the porosity of the fine filter layer is 40%-50%, and the fine filter layer is made of polypropylene fiber.

8. A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The yarn of the fluffy transition layer is made of filament fiber, the pore diameter of the fluffy transition layer is 200-300 μm, and the porosity of the fluffy transition layer is 40%.

9. A multi-layer composite fiber membrane filter according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The yarn of the elasticity adjusting layer is made of filament fiber, the pore diameter of the elasticity adjusting layer is greater than 300 μm, and the porosity of the elasticity adjusting layer is 30-40%.

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