Device for regulating the charge of an electrical storage device in a motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for regulating the charge of an electric storage device (S), in particular a battery (B) of an onboard power supply system (100) of a vehicle, wherein the electric storage device can be charged with electric energy by means of an electric motor (30), wherein the electric motor can be directly or variable-speed coupled to an internal combustion engine (112), wherein the electric motor comprises a rotor (32), a stator (33), wherein the stator has at least one phase winding (U, V, W) and a rectifier (36) assigned to the at least one phase winding (U, V, W). The device comprises a control unit (40) which is configured to obtain an operating voltage (U) of the electric storage device (S). B ) and upon exceeding a first rated value (U soll1 ), at least one switch (42) is actuated in such a way that a current flow (I) from the electric machine (30) to the electric storage device (S) is inhibited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for regulating the charge of an electrical storage device, in particular a battery of an onboard power system of a vehicle, wherein the electrical storage device can be charged with electrical energy by means of an electric motor, wherein the electric motor can be coupled to an internal combustion engine directly or at a variable speed, wherein the electric motor comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein the stator has at least one phase winding and a rectifier associated with the at least one phase winding. Background Art

[0002] In every modern vehicle having an internal combustion engine, a generator is installed which is driven by the rotation of the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine and provides an electrical signal as well as electrical energy which is used to power the vehicle and to charge the vehicle battery.

[0003] The operation of the vehicle without such a generator is not possible, or is possible only for a very short time. To regulate the battery voltage, a regulator is used, which can adjust the operating voltage of the battery to a nominal value. However, this has the disadvantage that the regulator intervenes in the operation of the rectifier of the electric machine in such a way that any signal from the electric machine, which is used in the form of a phase signal to determine the rotational speed or rotational angle position of the crankshaft, is negatively influenced, so that it is not possible to detect the rotational angle position and / or the rotational speed of the rotor of the electric machine during the regulation of the battery voltage.

[0004] It is therefore desirable to describe an improved regulator for battery voltage regulation which overcomes the disadvantages known in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] According to the invention, a device is provided having the features of claim 1 and an engine control unit having the device is provided according to claim 11. Further advantageous embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims and the further description.

[0006] Advantages of the invention

[0007] A device for regulating the charge of an electric accumulator, in particular a battery of an onboard power supply of a vehicle, is proposed, the electric accumulator being able to be charged with electrical energy by means of an electric machine, the electric machine being able to be coupled directly or with a variable speed to an internal combustion engine, the electric machine comprising a rotor, a stator, the stator having at least one phase winding and a rectifier assigned to the at least one phase winding. The device comprises a control unit, which is configured to detect an operating voltage of the electric accumulator and, when a first rated value of the voltage of the electric accumulator is exceeded, actuates at least one switch in such a way that a current flow from the electric machine to the electric accumulator is inhibited. The provision of the control unit is particularly advantageous, since the battery voltage can thereby be regulated in a particularly simple manner, the control unit being configured to load the switch in such a way that a voltage regulation of the battery voltage can be performed, the switch being arranged immediately downstream of the rectifier of the electric machine.

[0008] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the control unit is configured to detect at least one value, which occurs at least once per revolution of the rotor and is associated with at least one rising edge of the phase signal or a falling edge of the phase signal, wherein after detecting the value, the current flow from the motor to the electrical storage device is inhibited. Here, the value does not have to be used for the switching process every time it occurs, but can also be used as a switching trigger every "n times". The corresponding value is associated with an edge of the phase signal, wherein the edge of the phase signal is used to determine the rotational speed or the rotational angle position of the rotor. Therefore, the value corresponds to a threshold value, which is used to reliably identify such an edge. The situation that "the control unit is only configured to adjust the operating voltage of the electrical storage device only when such an edge can be reliably identified" is particularly advantageous, because the voltage regulation of the operating voltage of the electrical storage device does not conflict with the acquisition of the edge of the phase voltage, which is used in particular to acquire the rotational angle position of the rotor or the rotational speed of the rotor.

[0009] In a further advantageous embodiment, the switches are arranged such that the first path of the rectifier and the second path of the rectifier are short-circuited in a closed position of the at least one switch in order to inhibit the current flow into the electrical accumulator.

[0010] By short-circuiting at least the first and second paths of the rectifier, the inhibition of the current flow can be achieved in a particularly simple and reliable manner, wherein the rectifier is protected.

[0011] Furthermore, in another advantageous embodiment of the invention, an element is arranged such that a short circuit of the electrical accumulator is prevented in the closed position of the at least one switch, the element limiting the current flow in at least one direction. By arranging such an element limiting the current flow in at least one direction, it can be reliably prevented that the battery is also short-circuited by a short circuit of the rectifier in the event of a critical voltage, which is very advantageous because damage to the battery or the electrical accumulator can thereby be reliably prevented.

[0012] In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the element is a diode or a transistor, preferably a metal oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET), which limits the current flow to at least one direction. The use of a diode as an element that limits the current flow to at least one direction is particularly advantageous, because a diode is particularly inexpensive and can be implemented particularly cost-effectively within the framework of a corresponding circuit. The use of a transistor, in particular a MOSFET, has the advantage that it is an active component that can be controlled in a targeted manner by a control unit to protect the battery, which improves both the voltage threshold and further improves the protection of the battery. In addition, the use of a MOSFET is particularly advantageous, because it produces particularly low power loss.

[0013] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diode is arranged downstream of the first path of the rectifier or the second path of the rectifier in the direction of the current flow to the electrical storage device, and the diode is used as an element to limit the current flow to at least one direction. As a result, the protection of the battery can be ensured particularly simply. It is further preferred that the diode is oriented in the circuit so that the diode has the same current flow direction as the rectifier element of the rectifier arranged upstream in the installed state.

[0014] In another preferred embodiment, the first path of the rectifier and the second path of the rectifier have at least one diode for rectifying at least one phase voltage. The use of diodes in the rectifier is particularly advantageous, since rectification can thereby be ensured particularly simply and cost-effectively.

[0015] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first path of the rectifier and / or the second path of the rectifier have at least one transistor for rectifying the at least one phase voltage. The use of transistors for rectification is particularly advantageous because transistors, in particular metal oxide field effect transistors (MOSFETs), are particularly low in loss. In addition, depending on the wiring of the rectifier, the function of a switch, which is provided for short-circuiting two paths of the rectifier, can also be replaced by the use of transistors in the rectifier.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one phase winding, preferably each of the phase windings, is connected to the switch via a diode. This embodiment is particularly advantageous because the generator or individual phases of the generator can be short-circuited phase by phase in order to prevent overcharging of the downstream electrical storage device. In addition, the corresponding diode of the rectifier prevents the battery from being discharged through the rectifier when the switch is closed and the corresponding phase is short-circuited.

[0017] In another advantageous embodiment, the first path of the rectifier and / or the second path of the rectifier have at least one transistor for rectifying the at least one phase voltage, wherein the at least one transistor or at least one of the transistors is used as a switch and is loaded accordingly, the switch being used to adjust the operating voltage of the electrical storage device. The at least one transistor, preferably all transistors, can preferably be loaded individually by a control unit in such a way that a path of the rectifier is short-circuited as a result of switching the corresponding transistor into the closed position, the transistor being arranged in the corresponding path of the rectifier. It is also advantageous here that the corresponding rectifying elements of the respective other paths of the rectifier prevent disconnection of the battery, the rectifying elements preferably being designed in the form of diodes.

[0018] In the case where both paths of the rectifier have transistors, it should be ensured that the transistors in the respective path or in the respectively assigned phase in one path are switched in a push-pull manner relative to the transistors in the other path. That is, when the transistor in the first path for one phase is switched on, i.e. switched on in a conductive manner, the corresponding transistor of the respective other path (i.e. the second path) must be in the open position, so that a short circuit of the battery is prevented.

[0019] In another advantageous embodiment, the device for regulating the charge of the electric accumulator is connected to an engine control unit for controlling the internal combustion engine, wherein the device is arranged in a structural unit with the engine control unit or is structurally separate therefrom, wherein the device receives a signal from the engine control unit for controlling the operating voltage of the electric accumulator. Depending on the application, it can be advantageous if the device for regulating the operating voltage of the electric accumulator or a control unit contained therein is structurally integrated, in particular, in an engine control unit for controlling the internal combustion engine.

[0020] It can also be provided that the device is arranged separately from the engine control unit, but connected for exchanging signals with the engine control unit. Furthermore, it can be advantageous to integrate the device for regulating the operating voltage of the electric storage device into the engine control unit, since synergy effects within the engine control unit can be utilized here. The structural separation of the device and the engine control unit can be particularly advantageous if one and the same engine control unit can be used for a plurality of electric machines and their associated charge regulators, thereby resulting in greater flexibility in the adaptation of the corresponding components to one another.

[0021] Further advantages and embodiments of the invention are apparent from the description and the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1a to c show a schematic diagram of an electric machine coupled to an internal combustion engine (a), a device for charge regulation of an electric accumulator according to a first specific embodiment (b), and a typical signal profile of a phase voltage (c);

[0023] Figure 2 An electric machine is schematically shown, which has a corresponding, associated phase signal;

[0024] Figure 3a and 3b The possible voltage variation process of the phases of a three-phase motor is shown;

[0025] Figures 4a to 4e Five further specific embodiments of a device for charge regulation are shown, which is provided for regulating a battery voltage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] exist Figure 1a 1 shows an internal combustion engine 112, to which an electric motor 30 is connected directly or with a variable speed coupling, wherein the electric motor 30 is driven by a crankshaft 17' of the internal combustion engine 112. Therefore, the speed n of the electric motor 30 is Gen and the rotation speed n of the crankshaft 17' BKM , and the angular position α1 of the rotor 32 of the electric machine 30 and the rotational angular position α of the crankshaft 17 ′ have a fixed ratio to one another. Furthermore, a charge regulator LR is assigned to the electric machine 30, which supplies energy to an electrical storage device S in the form of a battery B in the vehicle electrical system 110, depending on the remaining capacity of the battery B or a reference to a setpoint voltage.

[0027] Furthermore, a computing unit is provided, in particular an engine control unit 122, which exchanges data with the electric machine 30 or with the internal combustion engine 112 via a communication connection 124 and is provided to correspondingly control the internal combustion engine 112 and the electric machine 30. Furthermore, a communication connection 125 is provided between the charge controller LR and the engine control unit, by means of which data can be exchanged or the charge controller LR can be controlled by the engine control unit 122 and vice versa. It can also be advantageous to structurally integrate the charge controller LR into the engine control unit 122.

[0028] exist Figure 1b , the electric motor 30 is again schematically shown in an enlarged form. The electric motor 30 has a rotor 32 with a shaft 17, which has an excitation winding and a stator 33, which has a stator winding. This is therefore a separately excited machine, as is common in motor vehicles in particular. However, in particular for motor cycles, in particular for small or lightweight motor cycles, motors with permanent magnets (i.e. permanently excited electric machines) are usually used. Within the scope of the invention, both types of electric machines can in principle be used, wherein in particular the charge regulator LR according to the invention is independent of the use of the respective type of electric machine (permanently excited electric machine or separately excited electric machine).

[0029] By way of example, the electric machine 30 is designed as an alternator in which three phase voltage signals are induced which are phase-shifted by 120° relative to one another. Such three-phase generators are usually used as generators in modern motor vehicles and are suitable for using the charge regulator according to the invention, which is arranged downstream of the generator. In principle, all electric machines can be used within the scope of the invention, independently of the number of their phases.

[0030] The three phases of the AC generator 30 are represented by U, V, and W. The voltage U dropped at the phase by the rectifying element 36 U , U V , U W The rectifying element is constructed as a positive diode D of the first path 34a. H and the negative diode D of the second rectification path 35a L Therefore, the generator voltage U is applied between the poles B+ and B- G , wherein the negative pole is grounded. Such an alternator 30 supplies power to a battery B or other electrical consumers in the vehicle electrical system 110 , for example.

[0031] Furthermore, a charge regulator LR having a control unit 40 a is provided, which has a generator voltage U GThe switch 42a is activated in such a way that the paths 34a, 35a of the rectifier 36 are short-circuited in the case of voltage regulation of the battery B. In order to prevent a parallel short circuit of the battery B, a further diode D is provided, which is arranged downstream of the rectifier 36 in such a way that this is prevented. In the open state of the switch 42a, the rectifier 36 operates normally and thus charges the battery B or the electrical storage device S with electrical energy.

[0032] exist Figure 1c 3, which show the associated voltage profiles with respect to the rotation angle of the rotor 32 of the electric machine 30. In the upper diagram, the voltage profiles at the phases U, V, W and the associated phase voltage U p It should generally be understood that the numbers and value ranges specified in this diagram and in the subsequent diagrams are merely exemplary and, therefore, do not in principle limit the invention.

[0033] The central diagram shows the generator voltage U G The generator voltage is formed by the envelope curve of the positive and negative half-waves of the voltage variation process U, V, W.

[0034] Finally, the rectified generator voltage U G- (See Figure 1b ) together with this generator voltage U G- The effective value U Geff , which are applied between B+ and B-.

[0035] exist Figure 2 In the figure, a stator 33 is schematically shown, which has phases U, V, W and Figure 1b In principle, it should be understood that the rectifying elements shown here in the form of positive diodes 34 and negative diodes 35 can also be designed as transistors, in particular MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors) (not shown) in the case of active rectifiers. In addition, the nomenclature used below for the occurring voltages and currents is shown.

[0036] U U , U V , U W Alternatively, the phase voltages of the associated phases U, V, W are represented as they drop between the outer conductor and the neutral point of the stator 33. UV , U VW , U WU Indicates the voltage between two phases or the voltage between their associated outer conductors.

[0037] IU ,I V ,I W y represents the phase current of the corresponding outer conductor of the phases U, V, W to the star point. I represents the total current of all phases after rectification.

[0038] exist Figure 3a Now, the three phase voltages U U , U V , U W , which in the three diagrams have a potential reference to B over time, as would occur in a generator with an outer pole rotor having six permanent magnets. This illustration of an electric machine 30 with a three-phase stator winding 33 is to be seen only as an example, wherein in principle, without limiting the generality, the device according to the invention can also be used for generators having a corresponding number of phases or permanent magnets or excitation coils as required. Likewise, instead of a star connection of the stator coils, a delta connection or other connection types can also be selected.

[0039] For an electric machine 30 with current output, the phase voltage U U , U V , U W The change process is rectangular. This is explained in particular by the following way: through the generator voltage, the positive diode or the negative diode conducts in the flow direction, and thus measures about 15-16 volts (battery charging voltage for a 12V lead-acid battery and the voltage at the positive diode) or minus 0.7-1 volt (voltage at the negative diode). The reference potential of the measurement is the earth. Other reference points can also be selected, such as the star point of the stator. This indicates a deviating signal change process, but does not change the information that can be evaluated, its acquisition and analysis.

[0040] In principle, the phase signal (U U , U V , U W ,I U ,I V ,I W ) can be acquired in different ways. For example, it is possible to acquire the phase voltages (U UV , U UW , U WU ), the phase voltage is obtained via the diodes of the connected rectifiers relative to their output terminals (B+, B-), as long as the stator of the motor is in star connection with a star point that can be tapped, taking into account the wiring harness (Stränge) relative to the star point (U U , U V , U W) of the output voltage or similar, evaluation of the phase current.

[0041] From Figure 3a Phase voltage U U , U V , U W Draw together Figure 3b Here, the uniform phase shift can be clearly seen.

[0042] During one complete rotation of the rotor 32 of the electric motor 30, the voltage signal is repeated six times via six magnets (especially permanent magnets), so-called pole pairs. Therefore, each phase voltage U per phase, that is, per rotation of each rotor 32 U , U V , U W Six falling edges FL appear D and six rising edges of FL U (For the corresponding phase FL UU , FL VU , FL WU and FL UD , FL VD , FL WD ).

[0043] These edges determine the angular segment, ie exactly the angular segment along the radial circumference of the stator which is covered by the magnet. U or FL D When the absolute reference point of each cycle is known, the absolute reference point can be obtained, for example, by referring to the reference magnet with the phase voltage U U , U V , U W It is characterized by its own characteristics that are different from other magnets.

[0044] Now, with the right components, it is possible to identify the falling edge FL D and the rising edge FL U For example, a TTL signal can be generated for each phase voltage using a so-called Schmitt trigger and can be transmitted to the control unit. The required Schmitt trigger can be integrated in the control unit or in the control electronics (e.g., control unit, regulator for the battery voltage) and / or, in the case of an active rectifier, in a corresponding generator regulator or can also be assigned to it externally. In particular, for the use of a control unit, in particular an engine control unit 122 (see Figure 1a ), the individual TTL signals can be appropriately integrated via each line or via upstream combining electronics or other devices and can be transmitted via only one data line 124.

[0045] exist Figure 3b Medium, value W U , W V , W W Assigned to the phase voltage U U , U V , U W The value is also denoted as W Ud , W Vd , W Wd Similarly, the corresponding value W Uu , W Vu , W Wu Can also be assigned to the rising edge FL U These values ​​can also be used to identify the rotational angle position α1 of the rotor 32, or for the angle increment determined by the pole pairs of the stator 33. It is also possible to identify the rotational angle position α1 of the rotor 32 by referring to the plateau region of the phase signal or other regions therebetween. Similarly, these values ​​can also be used to obtain the rotational speed of the motor 30 by referring to the time differences Δt1, Δt2, Δt3.

[0046] Here, when six permanent magnets are evenly arranged in the motor 30, a total of 18 falling edges FLd occur, and thus 18 assigned values ​​per revolution each occur at equal distances from one another. Thus, an angle of 360° / 18=20° is swept during the time difference Δt1, Δt2 or Δt3. As already mentioned at the beginning, this can also be used to identify the rotational angle position α1 of the rotor 32, wherein the exemplary acquired 20° represents an angular increment that can be detected. In addition, the angular velocity ω can also be acquired thereby i This is due to i =20° / △t i It is obtained that, and the speed n assigned to it i The speed n per minute i =ω i / 360°·60s / min.

[0047] In principle, it is understandable that instead of falling edge FL D The rising edge can also be used to obtain the rotation angle position α1 of the rotor 32, and can also be used to obtain the instantaneous speed n of the motor 30 Gen The doubling of the number of values ​​per revolution yields the rotational angle position α1 of the rotor 32 and the rotational speed n accordingly. Gen In addition, the phase edges can be evaluated in various other ways, for example by evaluating the rising edges FL of the same phase. U and the falling edge FL DThe time interval between the corresponding phases or the time interval between the corresponding phases, or the rising edge FL of the same phase U Or the falling edge FL D The time interval of each phase or the time interval common to all phases.

[0048] In addition to the rising edge FL U and the falling edge FL D In addition, the phase signal U can also be used U , U V , U W The zero crossing point of the rotor 32 is used to obtain the rotation angle position α1 or the speed identification n Gen Improved resolution.

[0049] The actual rotational angle position α1 of the rotor 32 and its shaft 17 and thus the rotational angle position α of the crankshaft 17 ′ can be determined from the electrical signals (in particular the phase signal U U , U V , U W Or the phase current I U ,I V ,I W ) can only be determined with insufficient accuracy, since in the case of a loaded motor 30, system faults may occur due to the current flow in the form of a phase signal U U , U V , U W or I U ,I V ,I W The angular offset between the phase position of the rotor 32 and the actual rotational angle position α1 of the rotor 32 is explained in more detail in the following figures.

[0050] exist Figure 4a Another embodiment of the charging regulator LR is shown in FIG. Figure 1b ) Identical or similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals or by the same reference numerals supplemented with the additional letter b. For the basic description of the known elements, reference is made to this embodiment and in principle to the following further embodiments, in principle to the description of this embodiment, and, with respect to the corresponding description, only the changes with respect to the further exemplary embodiments are shown.

[0051] In this exemplary embodiment, a schematically illustrated two-phase electric machine 30 is assumed for simplicity, which has phases U and V, wherein a voltage U is applied to each of the phases. U Or U V . To be exact, Figure 4aA single-phase machine is shown, which has two lead-out coil ends. It consists of two coils, one end of which is led out and the other end of which is connected, and, therefore, a single-phase machine is shown in structure. A feature of this embodiment is that the control unit is arranged in the engine controller 122, and the control unit 40b loads a switch 42b for charge regulation or short-circuiting the first branch 34b or the second branch 35b of the rectifier 36. In addition, a speed detection device 45 is arranged in this engine controller 122. It has a communication connection 46 to a signal generator 47, which is connected to at least one of the phases (V) in order to obtain the phase voltage U U , U V The edge of FL U or FL V , which is necessary for obtaining the speed of the motor 30. At the beginning (especially with reference to Figure 3b ) has already described the basic acquisition of the rotational speed n.

[0052] exist Figure 4b Another embodiment of a charging regulator LR is shown in FIG. Here, the switch 42c is also controlled by the control unit 40c, wherein in the closed position of the switch 42c, the switch is conductive and the branch 35c or 34c (not shown here) of the rectifier 36 is correspondingly short-circuited. In this case, this occurs phase by phase corresponding to the phases U, V, W, because here a diode D1 to D3 is assigned to each phase. Depending on the phase position, the corresponding phase is short-circuited and overcharging of the battery B is prevented. Here, the diode D1 of the first branch 34c of the rectifier 36 is short-circuited. H This prevents the battery B from also being short-circuited when the corresponding phases U, V, W are short-circuited.

[0053] exist Figure 4c In FIG. 1 , another embodiment of a charge regulator LR is described. Here, the second path 35d of the rectifier 36 for each phase U, V, W has a switch 42d in each case, which is in the form of a transistor, which is shown in the form of a MOSFET transistor as a transistor with a corresponding reverse diode. The transistors have a rectifying function in the lower path 35d of the rectifier and a short-circuiting function of the corresponding phase to which the corresponding transistor is assigned. Thus, by correspondingly actuating the corresponding transistor 42d by the control unit 40d, the rectifier 36 is short-circuited and, therefore, the current flow I into the battery B is prohibited. Here, the short-circuiting of the battery B is again achieved via the diode D in the first path 34d. H To stop it.

[0054] Likewise, a transistor can be used in the upper path 34d and, for this purpose, a diode can be used in the lower path 35d. In this case, the regulation of the current flow I is carried out by a short circuit on the upper path 34d, while the lower path 35d avoids a short circuit of the battery B (corresponding means not shown).

[0055] exist Figure 4d Another embodiment of the charge regulator LR is described in FIG. 1 . Here, the first path 34 e is equipped with a transistor T H , and the second path 35e is equipped with a transistor T L , which are respectively assigned to the corresponding phases U, V, and W. Correspondingly, the corresponding transistors T H , T L can be loaded by the control unit 40e respectively, so that the phase voltage U U , U V , U W The rectification and the corresponding short circuit of paths 34e, 35e are used to regulate the charge of battery B.

[0056] In the present case, the control unit 40e is arranged separately from the engine control unit 122, wherein the two are connected to each other by means of a data connection 125e, which is used to exchange data or to control the control unit by the engine control unit 122 and vice versa. For a charge control case, the corresponding transistor T is connected in each of the paths 35e, 34e. H , T L , so that they are turned on. In order to protect battery B, the corresponding transistors T of the other paths are H , T L should be connected in the blocking direction in each case, so that a short circuit of battery B is prevented.

[0057] exist Figure 4e In FIG. 1 , another embodiment of the charge regulator LR is shown. Here, this embodiment is different from that in FIG. Figure 4d The exemplary embodiment shown in 2 differs only in that the engine control unit 122 and the control unit 40 f are structurally accommodated in a common housing, which offers synergistic advantages for correspondingly actuating the internal combustion engine 112 or the electric machine 30 .

[0058] In principle, it is understood that computing unit 40 or engine control unit 122 can be accommodated structurally separately or together in a common housing.

Claims

1. A device for regulating the charge of an electrical storage device (S), the electrical storage device being capable of being charged with electrical energy by means of an electric machine (30), the electric machine being capable of being coupled directly or with variable speed to an internal combustion engine (112), the electric machine comprising a rotor (32), a stator (33), the stator having at least one phase winding (U, V, W) and a rectifier (36) associated with the at least one phase winding (U, V, W); the device comprising a control unit (40), the control unit being configured to detect an operating voltage (U ) of the electrical storage device (S) B ), and when a first rated value (U soll1 ), actuating at least one switch in such a way that a current flow (I) from the electric machine (30) to the electrical storage device (S) is inhibited, in, The control unit (40) is configured to detect at least one value (W Uu , W Ud , W Vu , W Vd , W Wu , W Wd ), each of which occurs at least once per revolution of the rotor (32) and is related to at least one phase signal (U U , U V , U W ,I U ,I V ,I W ) rising edge (Fl Uu 、Fl Vu 、Fl Wu ) or phase signal (U U , U V , U W ,I U ,I V ,I W )'s falling edge (Fl Ud 、Fl Vd 、Fl Wd ) is associated with, where, when detecting a value (W Uu , W Ud , W Vu , W Vd , W Wu , W Wd ), the flow of current (I) from the motor (30) to the electrical storage (S) is prohibited.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein: The device is used for regulating the charge of a battery (B) of an onboard power system (100) of a vehicle.

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein: The switches are arranged in such a way that a first path (34) of the rectifier (36) and / or a second path (35) of the rectifier (36) are short-circuited in a closed position of the at least one switch in order to inhibit a current flow (I) into the electrical storage device (S).

4. The device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, wherein: Elements (D, T) are arranged in such a way that in the closed position of the at least one switch a short circuit of the electrical store (S) is prevented and the elements restrict the current flow (I) to at least one direction.

5. The device according to claim 4, wherein: The element (D, T) is a diode (D) or a transistor (T), which restricts the current flow (I) to at least one direction.

6. The device according to claim 4, wherein: The components (D, T) are metal-oxide field-effect transistors.

7. The device according to claim 5, wherein: The diode (D) is arranged downstream of the first path (34) of the rectifier (36) or the second path (35) of the rectifier (36) in the direction of the current flow (I) to the electrical storage device (S).

8. The device according to claim 1, wherein: The first path (34) of the rectifier (36) and the second path (35) of the rectifier (36) have at least one diode (D H , D L ) for rectifying the at least one phase voltage (U U , U V , U W ).

9. The device according to claim 1, wherein: The first path (34) of the rectifier (36) and / or the second path (35) of the rectifier (36) has at least one transistor (T H 、T L ) for rectifying the at least one phase voltage (U U , U V , U W ).

10. The device according to claim 1, wherein: At least one of the phase windings (U, V, W) is connected to the switch via a diode (D1, D2, D3).

11. The device according to claim 1, wherein: Each phase winding (U, V, W) is connected to the switch via a diode (D1, D2, D3).

12. The device according to claim 8, wherein: The first path (34) of the rectifier (36) and / or the second path (35) of the rectifier (36) has at least one transistor (T H , T L ) for rectifying the at least one phase voltage (U U , U V , U W ), wherein the transistor (T H , T L ) is loaded as a switch for adjusting the operating voltage (U of the electrical storage device (S) B ).

13. The device according to claim 1, which is connected to an engine control unit (122) for controlling an internal combustion engine (12), but is arranged in a structural unit with the engine control unit (122) or is structurally separated therefrom, wherein: The device receives a control signal from the engine controller (122) for adjusting the operating voltage (U B ).

14. The device according to claim 1, comprising a detection element (45) for detecting the rotational speed (n) or the rotational angle position (α1) of the rotor (32).

15. An engine controller (122) for controlling an internal combustion engine (12), the internal combustion engine having a device for charge regulation of an electrical storage device (S) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 14 and a detection element (45), the detection element being used to detect the rotational speed (n) of the rotor (32) or its rotational angle position (α1).

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