A fine crusher with a large crushing ratio and multiple functional tooth shapes

Abstract

A fine crusher with a large crushing ratio and a plurality of functional tooth shapes, comprising a machine body and two crushing rollers; the crushing rollers are composed of a main shaft (8), a roller tooth plate (3) and a connecting bolt (7); an equal number of roller tooth plates (3) are installed on the two main shafts (8); the roller tooth plates (3) on the two main shafts are arranged in a staggered manner; the crushing teeth are evenly distributed on the outer cylindrical surface of each roller tooth plate (3); each group of crushing teeth comprises primary crushing teeth (4), cutting crushing teeth (5) and trapezoidal teeth (6) which are distributed in sequence; the crushing teeth on all roller tooth plates (3) on each main shaft are arranged in the same phase; the primary crushing teeth (4) are eagle-beak-shaped, the end of the cutting crushing teeth (5) has a blade with a vertex angle of 55-65 degrees, and the angle between the long side of the trapezoidal teeth (6) and the tangent of the cylindrical surface of the roller tooth plate is 45-55 degrees. The invention has a compact structure, reliable operation, high unit volume production capacity and convenient maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of mechanical crushing and relates to a crushing device, in particular to a fine crusher with a large crushing ratio and multiple functional tooth shapes. Background Art

[0002] The full utilization of renewable resources is an important measure for my country to achieve a circular economy, and waste electromechanical products contain a large amount of renewable resources that can be recycled. Generally speaking, the disassembled parts can be recycled through remanufacturing or directly as raw materials; while the difficult-to-disassemble parts need to be evenly crushed to smaller sizes, that is, pulverized, to achieve fine sorting, thereby achieving efficient recycling of renewable resources of different materials.

[0003] Roller crushers have become one of the main choices for crushing equipment of waste electromechanical products due to their simple structure, reliable operation and good comprehensive crushing performance. At present, the main working parts of roller crushers on the market are tooth rollers with a certain tooth shape. Crushing is achieved through the interaction between teeth of a certain shape or between teeth and side plates. The crushed products obtained are affected by the tooth shape and the wheelbase of the two rollers. The crushing ratio is generally small. If a large crushing ratio from large size to micro size is required, it is often necessary to add a multi-stage crushing device. The United States Patent (US 10,065,191 B2) discloses a double-roll crusher that can achieve a large crushing ratio. The crushing roller adopts a grinding hammer with additional crushing teeth to complete the functions of preliminary crushing and fine crushing. However, due to the limitation of the double-roll crusher's own structure, the material only passes through the crushing roller once. The crushing effect is not ideal for different materials, especially for the difficult-to-disassemble parts of waste electromechanical products mixed with various materials.

[0004] As far as the applicant knows, there is currently no fine crusher with a large crushing ratio that can meet the requirements for crushing the difficult-to-disassemble parts of waste electromechanical products, resulting in a large amount of valuable renewable resources in waste electromechanical products being difficult to recycle. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that there is no large crushing ratio fine crusher available that can meet the requirements of crushing the difficult-to-disassemble parts of waste electromechanical products, and to invent a large crushing ratio fine crusher with multiple functional tooth shapes.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0007] A fine crusher with a large crushing ratio and a plurality of functional tooth shapes, comprising a machine body and two crushing rollers; wherein the machine body is composed of a feed port 2, an upper box body 1, a screen plate 9, a lower box body 10 and a discharge port 11; the crushing rollers are composed of a main shaft 8, a roller tooth plate 3 and a connecting bolt 7; an equal number of roller tooth plates 3 are installed on the two main shafts 8; a plurality of roller tooth plates 3 on each main shaft 8 are connected into a whole by connecting bolts 7; and the roller tooth plates 3 on the two main shafts are arranged in a staggered manner; wherein the machine body is composed of a feed port 2, an upper box body 1, a screen plate 9, a lower box body 10 and a discharge port 11; and the crushing rollers are composed of a main shaft 8, a roller tooth plate 3 and a connecting bolt 7; an equal number of roller tooth plates 3 are installed on the two main shafts 8; a plurality of roller tooth plates 3 on each main shaft 8 are connected into a whole by connecting bolts 7; and the roller tooth plates 3 on the two main shafts are arranged in a staggered manner; and wherein the A number of groups of crushing teeth are evenly spaced on the outer cylindrical surface of each roller tooth disk 3, each group of crushing teeth includes primary crushing teeth 4, cutting crushing teeth 5 and trapezoidal teeth 6 which are sequentially distributed, and the crushing teeth on all roller tooth disks 3 on each main shaft are arranged in the same phase; the primary crushing teeth 4 are eagle-beak-shaped, the end of the cutting crushing teeth 5 has a blade with a vertex angle of 55-65 degrees (optimally 60 degrees), and the angle between the long side of the trapezoidal tooth 6 and the tangent of the cylindrical surface of the roller tooth disk is 45-55 degrees, and the optimal angle is 50 degrees.

[0008] The teeth on the two crushing rollers are arranged in an axially staggered manner, and the side with a higher tooth shape faces the meshing area of ​​the two rollers. The tooth shapes of the two rows of crushing teeth meshing in the meshing area of ​​the two rollers are the same.

[0009] The feed inlet 2 of the machine body is placed on the upper side of the upper box body 1 and connected thereto by bolts. The upper box body 1 and the lower box body 10 are connected by bolts to form a hole for installing a crushing roller. The discharge port is placed on the lower side of the lower box body 10 and connected thereto by bolts.

[0010] The axis of the main shaft 8 of the crushing roller coincides with the axis of the hole formed by the upper and lower boxes. Five roller toothed discs 3 with the same relative position are connected as a whole by connecting bolts 7 and installed on the main shaft 8 to ensure that the tooth shapes in the same axial direction are the same.

[0011] The screen plate 9 is fixed to the inner wall of the lower box body 10, parallel to the main axis and has a length and width equal to the length and width of the inner wall of the lower box body 10, respectively. The distance between its two upper arc surfaces and the cylindrical surfaces of the two crushing rollers is slightly greater than the maximum tooth height.

[0012] The two arc surfaces on the upper side of the sieve plate 9 are respectively coaxial with the outer cylindrical surfaces of the corresponding crushing rollers, and holes consistent with the required crushing size are arranged in order on the arc surfaces.

[0013] Five roller toothed discs 3 are mounted on each main shaft 8 .

[0014] Each roller toothed disc 3 is provided with four groups of crushing teeth consisting of primary crushing teeth 4, cutting crushing teeth 5 and trapezoidal teeth 6 which are distributed in sequence.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] (1) The invention provides a fine crusher with a large crushing ratio and a plurality of functional tooth shapes. The crushing roller is provided with three tooth shapes with different functions. The primary crushing is completed by the eagle-beak-shaped primary crushing teeth, and then the cutting is performed by the cutting crushing teeth with a cutting function. Finally, the fine crushing is performed by the trapezoidal teeth. It can not only achieve a large crushing ratio, but also has a good crushing effect on different materials, especially the difficult-to-disassemble parts of waste electromechanical products mixed with various materials.

[0017] (2) The invention provides a fine crusher with a large crushing ratio and a plurality of functional tooth shapes. By setting the aperture and shape of the screen plate, only the crushed materials that are not larger than the aperture and have a shape that can pass through the hole will fall down, and the remaining materials will be picked up by the crushing teeth and crushed again until the particle size and shape meet the crushing requirements.

[0018] (3) The high-crushing-ratio fine crusher with multiple functional tooth shapes of the present invention can replace screen plates with different apertures and shapes according to requirements, thereby ensuring adaptability to products and crushing efficiency; moreover, it has a compact structure, reliable operation, high production capacity per unit volume, and convenient maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the primary crushing teeth when they are engaged.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of trapezoidal teeth meshing.

[0022] In the figure: 1-upper box, 2-feeding port, 3-roller tooth plate, 4-primary crushing teeth, 5-cutting crushing teeth, 6-trapezoidal teeth, 7-connecting bolts, 8-main shaft, 9-screen plate, 10-lower box, 11-discharging port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1-3 shown.

[0025] A fine crusher with a large crushing ratio and multiple functional tooth shapes, comprising a machine body and two crushing rollers; wherein the machine body is composed of a feed port 2, an upper box 1, a screen plate 9, a lower box 10 and a discharge port 11, and the crushing roller is composed of a main shaft 8, a roller tooth plate 3 and a connecting bolt 7; four groups of crushing teeth are evenly distributed on the outer cylindrical surface of the roller tooth plate 3, and each group of crushing teeth includes primary crushing teeth 4, cutting crushing teeth 5 and trapezoidal teeth 6 distributed in sequence; the primary crushing teeth 4 are eagle-beak-shaped, the end of the cutting crushing teeth 5 is a blade with a vertex angle of 55-65 degrees (optimally 60 degrees), and the angle between the long side 12 of the trapezoidal tooth 6 and the tangent of the cylindrical surface of the roller tooth plate is 45-55 degrees (optimally 50 degrees). The teeth on the two crushing rollers are staggered in the axial direction and the side with a higher tooth shape faces the meshing area of ​​the two rollers, and the two rows of crushing teeth meshing in the meshing area of ​​the two rollers have the same tooth shape. The feed inlet 2 of the machine body is placed on the upper side of the upper box body 1 and connected thereto by bolts. The upper box body 1 and the lower box body 10 are connected by bolts to form a hole for installing the crushing roller. The discharge port is placed on the lower side of the lower box body 10 and connected thereto by bolts. The axis of the main shaft 8 of the crushing roller coincides with the axis of the hole formed by the upper and lower boxes. Five roller toothed discs 3 with the same relative position are connected into a whole by connecting bolts 7 and installed on the main shaft 8 to ensure that the tooth shape in the same axial direction is the same. The screen plate 9 is fixed to the inner wall of the lower box body 10, parallel to the main shaft, and its length and width are respectively equal to the length and width of the inner wall of the lower box body 10. The distance between its two arc surfaces on the upper side and the cylindrical surfaces of the two crushing rollers is slightly greater than the maximum tooth height. The two arc surfaces on the upper side of the screen plate 9 are coaxial with the outer cylindrical surfaces of the corresponding crushing rollers, and holes consistent with the required crushing size are orderly opened on the arc surfaces.

[0026] When the crusher of the present invention is used to crush large-sized solid materials, the two crushing rollers rotate in opposite directions at the same speed. The materials enter the upper part of the meshing area of ​​the two crushing rollers through the feed inlet 2, and are first fixed and driven by the eagle-beak-shaped primary crushing teeth 4 on both sides to pass through the meshing area to complete the primary crushing. At this time, the meshing area is formed by the meshing of the primary crushing teeth, and the spacing between the teeth is the largest ( Figure 2 ), which is mainly used to perform primary crushing of large-sized materials into smaller sizes. After primary crushing, the materials fall onto the screen plate 9, and a small part of them that meet the size requirements pass through the screen holes. The rest of the materials are brought back to the meshing area by the crushing teeth. During this process, the larger-sized materials will be cut and crushed by the blades at the end of the cutting and crushing teeth 5. Finally, the materials are finally crushed through the meshing area formed by the trapezoidal teeth 6, where the spacing between the teeth is the smallest ( Figure 3 ), after sufficient shearing, extrusion and grinding, most of the materials will pass through the sieve holes into the discharge port 11 for collection and discharge, and a few that still do not meet the required size will be brought into the meshing area again for crushing until they reach the specified size.

[0027] The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by using the prior art.

Claims

1. A fine crusher with a large crushing ratio and multiple functional tooth shapes, which includes a machine body and two crushing rollers; wherein: The machine body is composed of a feed inlet (2), an upper box body (1), a screen plate (9), a lower box body (10) and a discharge port (11); the crushing roller is composed of a main shaft (8), a roller toothed disc (3) and a connecting bolt (7); an equal number of roller toothed discs (3) are installed on two main shafts (8); a plurality of roller toothed discs (3) on each main shaft (8) are connected into a whole by connecting bolts (7); and the roller toothed discs (3) on the two main shafts are staggered; and the characteristic is that a plurality of groups of crushing teeth are evenly spaced and distributed on the outer cylindrical surface of each roller toothed disc (3). Each group of crushing teeth comprises primary crushing teeth (4), cutting crushing teeth (5) and trapezoidal teeth (6) which are sequentially distributed, and the crushing teeth on all roller tooth discs (3) on each main shaft are arranged in the same phase; the primary crushing teeth (4) are eagle-beak-shaped, the ends of the cutting crushing teeth (5) have blades with a vertex angle of 55-65 degrees, the angle between the long side (12) of the trapezoidal teeth (6) and the tangent of the cylindrical surface of the roller tooth disc is 45-55 degrees, and the length direction of the long side of the trapezoidal teeth (6) is arranged along the rotation direction of the crushing roller; the teeth on the two crushing rollers are arranged in an axially staggered manner and The side with a higher tooth shape faces the meshing area of ​​the two rollers. The tooth shapes of the two rows of crushing teeth meshing in the meshing area of ​​the two rollers are the same. When crushing large-sized solid materials, the two crushing rollers rotate in opposite directions at the same speed. The materials enter the meshing area above the two crushing rollers through the feed inlet (2). They are first fixed and driven by the eagle-beak-shaped primary crushing teeth (4) on both sides to pass through the meshing area to complete primary crushing. At this time, the meshing area is formed by the meshing of the primary crushing teeth. The spacing between the teeth is the largest, and the large-sized materials are primarily crushed to smaller sizes. The materials that have undergone primary crushing fall onto the screen plate. (9), materials that meet the size requirements pass through the sieve holes, and the remaining materials are brought back to the meshing area by the crushing teeth. During this process, materials with larger sizes will be cut and crushed by the blades at the end of the crushing teeth (5); finally, the materials pass through the meshing area formed by the trapezoidal teeth (6) to complete the final crushing. The spacing between the teeth in this meshing area is the smallest. After the materials are fully sheared, squeezed and ground, the materials that meet the size requirements pass through the sieve holes and enter the discharge port (11) for collection and discharge. The materials that still do not meet the size requirements will be brought back to the meshing area for crushing until they reach the specified size.

2. According to claim 1, the high crushing ratio fine crusher with multiple functional tooth shapes is characterized by: The feed inlet (2) of the machine body is located on the upper side of the upper box body (1) and connected thereto by bolts. The upper box body (1) and the lower box body (10) are connected by bolts and form a hole for installing a crushing roller. The discharge port is located on the lower side of the lower box body (10) and connected thereto by bolts.

3. The high crushing ratio fine crusher with multiple functional tooth shapes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The axis of the main shaft (8) of the crushing roller coincides with the axis of the hole formed by the upper and lower boxes. Five roller toothed discs (3) at the same relative position are connected as a whole by connecting bolts (7) and installed on the main shaft (8) to ensure that the tooth profiles in the same axial direction are the same.

4. The high crushing ratio fine crusher with multiple functional tooth shapes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The screen plate (9) is fixed to the inner wall of the lower box body (10), parallel to the main axis, and has a length and width equal to the length and width of the inner wall of the lower box body (10), and a distance between the two arc surfaces on its upper side and the cylindrical surfaces of the two crushing rollers is slightly greater than the maximum tooth height.

5. According to claim 1, the high crushing ratio fine crusher with multiple functional tooth shapes is characterized by: The two arc surfaces on the upper side of the sieve plate (9) are respectively coaxial with the outer cylindrical surfaces of the corresponding crushing rollers, and holes consistent with the required crushing size are arranged in order on the arc surfaces.

6. The high crushing ratio fine crusher with multiple functional tooth shapes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Five roller toothed discs (3) are mounted on each main shaft (8).

7. The high crushing ratio fine crusher with multiple functional tooth shapes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each roller toothed disc (3) is provided with four groups of crushing teeth consisting of primary crushing teeth (4), cutting crushing teeth (5) and trapezoidal teeth (6) which are distributed in sequence.

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