A plasma torch device using contact arc ignition method and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a plasma torch device using a contact arc ignition method and a method for using the plasma torch device. The device comprises a cathode assembly, an air intake assembly and an anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly is sleeved inside the air intake assembly, and the air intake assembly is sleeved inside the anode assembly. The cathode assembly, the air intake assembly and the anode assembly are coaxial, and the cathode assembly and the anode assembly are respectively connected to an external power supply. The axial size of the anode assembly is larger than that of the cathode assembly and the air intake assembly. The anode assembly comprises an anode water inlet channel (4), an anode water return channel (6), a first anode (8) and a second anode (11). The anode water return channel (6) is coaxially sleeved outside the anode water inlet channel (4), and one end of the anode water inlet channel (4) is open and connected to the end of the anode water return channel (6) to form an anode cooling water flow loop. The first anode (8) and the second anode (11) are sealed and connected and sleeved in parallel on one end inside the anode water inlet channel (4).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of plasma technology, and in particular relates to a plasma torch device using a contact arc ignition method and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Thermal plasma refers to plasma in which the temperature of heavy particles in the plasma is between 3000K and 30000K. It is mainly composed of free electrons, ions and neutral particles (atoms, atomic groups and molecules). The components are approximately in a state of local thermodynamic equilibrium, that is, the temperature is approximately equal. Thermal plasma has the characteristics of high temperature, high speed, high energy density, etc., and contains a certain number of charged particles, which can complete many chemical processes that were not possible in the past. Thermal plasma can be obtained by DC discharge of large current, that is, under the condition of an external electric field, a large number of free electrons in the gas medium are accelerated to a certain extent after being acted on by the electric field, which will cause the neutral atoms or molecules to ionize, thereby obtaining more free electrons. The electrons generated later will continue to produce similar processes. The presence of a large number of free electrons in the gas makes the gas a conductive medium. This process of changing from an insulating state to a conductive state is called breakdown. For example: free arc, transferred arc, non-transferred arc; it can also be obtained by AC arc discharge, radio frequency discharge, microwave discharge, chemical impulse discharge, and laser heating under atmospheric pressure. The DC non-transferred arc plasma torch device has the advantages of simple device, high power, low price and high energy conversion efficiency. It is widely used in industrial fields such as cutting, welding, spraying, metallurgy, materials, chemical industry and waste treatment.

[0003] Existing plasma torches generally use gap arc ignition, that is, there is a certain gap between the cathode and the anode. When igniting the arc, on the basis of normal power supply, a very high potential difference needs to be applied between the cathode and the anode. After the gap between the cathode and the anode is broken down, the high-voltage module is turned off. In this way, the potential difference between the cathode and the anode depends on parameters such as the gap between the cathode and the anode and the airflow pressure between the cathode and the anode. In the actual working process, it is easy to fail to ignite the arc. At the same time, the electromagnetic interference generated during the working process of the high-voltage module also has a great impact on the power supply system. In serious cases, electromagnetic shielding is required.

[0004] In the actual application of plasma torches, due to the arc shunting phenomenon, the arc root often reciprocates within a fixed range on the electrode surface. If the working time is relatively long, the electrode is easily burned out, resulting in the plasma torch not being able to work normally. Therefore, the development of a plasma torch device that uses a contact arc ignition method and fixes the arc root in a specific area has great market prospects. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a plasma torch device and a method of use using a contact arc ignition method, thereby overcoming the problems in the prior art that 1: the existing plasma torch adopts a gap arc ignition method, and the potential difference between the cathode and the anode depends on parameters such as the gap between the cathode and the anode and the airflow pressure between the cathode and the anode. In actual operation, arc ignition failure is very likely to occur; 2: the electromagnetic interference generated during the operation of the high-voltage module also has a great impact on the power supply system, and electromagnetic shielding is required in severe cases; 3: in actual applications of existing plasma torches, due to the arc shunting phenomenon, the arc root often reciprocates within a fixed range on the electrode surface. If the working time is relatively long, the electrode is easily burned out, resulting in the plasma torch not being able to work normally.

[0006] In order to solve the technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is: a plasma torch device using a contact arc ignition method, comprising a cathode assembly, an air intake assembly and an anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly is sleeved inside the air intake assembly, and the air intake assembly is sleeved inside the anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly, the air intake assembly and the anode assembly are coaxial, and the cathode assembly and the anode assembly are respectively externally connected to power supplies, wherein the axial size of the anode assembly is larger than the cathode assembly and the air intake assembly, and the anode assembly comprises an anode water inlet channel, an anode water return channel, a first anode and a second anode, wherein the anode water return channel is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the anode water inlet channel, wherein one end of the anode water inlet channel is opened and connected to the end of the anode water return channel to form an anode cooling water flow loop, and the first anode and the second anode are sealed and connected and sleeved in parallel on one end of the inner side of the anode water inlet channel.

[0007] Preferably, a sealing gasket is provided between the first anode and the second anode, wherein the first anode and the second anode are both tubular structures, the interior of the first anode is an equal-diameter channel, wherein a first groove is provided on the outside of the first anode, and the interior of the second anode is an unequal-diameter channel, wherein the inner diameter of the second anode close to the first anode is the same as the inner diameter of the first anode, and a step is provided at the end of the second anode away from the first anode 8, wherein the inner diameter at the step is larger than the aperture of the end of the second anode close to the first anode, and a second groove is provided on the outside of the second anode, and an anode terminal is provided at the end of the anode return channel away from the first anode.

[0008] Preferably, permanent magnets are provided on the outside of the first groove and the second groove outside the first anode and the second anode, wherein the permanent magnets are coaxially mounted inside the anode water inlet channel outside the first anode and the second anode, and wherein the cathode assembly is close to and can contact the first anode and is coaxially mounted inside the anode water inlet channel.

[0009] Preferably, the cathode assembly comprises a cathode cooling pipe, an advance and retreat electric actuator and a cathode, wherein the cathode cooling pipe comprises a cathode water inlet channel and a cathode water return channel, wherein the cathode water return channel is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the cathode water inlet channel, the cathode water inlet channel has an opening on one side close to the cathode and is connected to the end of the cathode water return channel to form a cathode cooling water flow loop, wherein a cathode is provided at the end of the cathode water return channel, and a cathode terminal is provided at the end of the cathode water return channel away from the cathode, wherein the cathode is close to and can contact the first anode, one end of the advance and retreat electric actuator is connected to the outer wall of the anode water return channel, wherein the other end of the advance and retreat electric actuator is connected to the outer wall of the cathode water return channel, wherein the advance and retreat electric actuator can make the cathode assembly move forward or backward axially, and the air intake assembly is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the cathode water return channel.

[0010] Preferably, the forward and backward electric actuator includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a stepper motor, wherein one end of the first connecting rod is connected to the outer wall of the anode return channel, wherein the other end of the first connecting rod is connected to the stepper motor, one end of the second connecting rod is connected to the outer wall of the cathode return channel, wherein the other end of the second connecting rod is connected to the first connecting rod, wherein a signal receiver is provided on the stepper motor, wherein the stepper motor is remotely controlled by a remote automatic control component, and when the stepper motor receives the signal, it pulls the cathode assembly forward or backward axially according to the instruction.

[0011] Preferably, the air intake assembly includes a gas channel and a cyclone, wherein the gas channel is coaxially mounted on the outside of the cathode return channel, and the end of the gas channel is connected to the cyclone, wherein the cyclone is close to the cathode and the first anode, wherein the gas passes through the gas channel through the cyclone and then flows out from the gap between the cathode and the first anode, and when the cathode and the first anode are respectively connected to external power supplies, a potential difference is formed, which will ionize the gas flowing through the cathode, the first anode and the second anode to form arc plasma.

[0012] Preferably, a method for using the plasma torch device using the contact arc ignition method as described above comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step 1) Before starting work, the cathode and the first anode are in contact, and cooling water is introduced through the cathode water inlet channel and the anode water inlet channel to cool the cathode, the first anode and the second anode;

[0014] Step 2) the cathode (7) and the anode are energized, and then the cathode assembly is slowly pulled outward through the electric actuator (5) to form a gap between the cathode (7) and the first anode (8), and at the same time, gas is introduced through the gas channel (3), and the gas passes through the gas channel (3) through the cyclone (13) and then flows out from the gap between the cathode (7) and the first anode (8);

[0015] Step 3) Then gradually increase the gas flow rate through the gas channel so that the arc root falls from the first anode to the rear end step of the second anode, forming arc plasma and completing contact arc initiation, wherein the permanent magnet can confine the arc plasma to the axis of the plasma torch to avoid ablation of the first anode and the second anode surface.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0017] (1) The plasma torch of the present invention adopts a contact arc starting method between the cathode and the first anode. When starting work, the cathode and the first anode are in contact. After the cathode and the anode are energized, the cathode assembly is pulled outward by the electric actuator to form a gap between the cathode and the first anode. At the same time, the gas flow is gradually increased through the gas channel so that the arc root falls on the rear end step of the second anode. The contact arc starting method can avoid the occurrence of arc starting failure during gap arc starting. On the other hand, the contact arc starting method only requires normal power supply between the cathode and the anode to complete the arc starting process, reducing the high-voltage arc starting module. This method improves the stability of the plasma torch and reduces the cost of the power supply system.

[0018] (2) The anode of the present invention is divided into a first anode and a second anode, and the inner surface of the second anode is made into a step shape, so that the arc root can be fixed to the step of the second anode. If ablation occurs during use, only the second anode needs to be replaced, thereby reducing the use cost of the plasma torch; on the other hand, a permanent magnet is arranged in the anode cooling water area on the outer surface of the anode to prevent the permanent magnet from demagnetizing due to excessive temperature, and a magnetic field is applied to the outside of the arc plasma, so that the arc plasma arc can be clamped to the axis of the plasma torch to avoid ablation of the first anode and the second anode surface, and the arc plasma arc root can be driven to rotate on the electrode surface, thereby shortening the time the arc root stays in a fixed area, thereby reducing the total amount of heat transfer of the arc root to the fixed area and improving the electrode life;

[0019] (3) The present invention adopts a dual-electrode structure, one path for working gas and two paths for cooling water. The system has high stability and strong maintainability, which is conducive to industrial application. At the same time, the second anode that is easily ablated is located at the end of the plasma torch and is easy to disassemble and assemble. The present invention has a simple structure, a long service life, safety and environmental protection, low cost, time and labor saving, and improves industrial production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 , a schematic diagram of the static structure of a plasma torch device using a contact arc ignition method according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 , a schematic diagram of the working state structure of a plasma torch device using a contact arc ignition method according to the present invention.

[0022] Description of reference numerals:

[0023] 1- cathode water inlet channel, 2- cathode water return channel, 3- gas channel, 4- anode water inlet channel, 5- forward and backward electric actuator, 6- anode water return channel, 7- cathode, 8- first anode, 9- permanent magnet, 10- sealing gasket, 11- second anode, 12- arc plasma, 13- cyclone, 14 first groove, 15, second groove, 16- step, 17- first connecting rod, 18- second connecting rod, 19- stepping motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described below in conjunction with embodiments:

[0025] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so that people familiar with this technology can understand and read them, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0026] At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships should be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0027] The cyclone, stepper motor and remote automatic control component are prior art.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the present invention discloses a plasma torch device adopting a contact arc ignition method, comprising a cathode assembly, an air intake assembly and an anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly is sleeved inside the air intake assembly, and the air intake assembly is sleeved inside the anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly, the air intake assembly and the anode assembly are coaxial, and the cathode assembly and the anode assembly are respectively externally connected to power supplies, wherein the axial size of the anode assembly is larger than the cathode assembly and the air intake assembly, and the anode assembly comprises an anode water inlet channel 4, an anode water return channel 6, a first anode 8 and a second anode 11, wherein the anode water return channel 6 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the anode water inlet channel 4, wherein one end of the anode water inlet channel 4 is opened and connected to the end of the anode water return channel 6 to form an anode cooling water flow loop, and the first anode 8 and the second anode 11 are sealed and connected and sleeved in parallel on one end of the inner side of the anode water inlet channel 4.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the present invention discloses a plasma torch device adopting a contact arc ignition method, comprising a cathode assembly, an air intake assembly and an anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly is sleeved inside the air intake assembly, and the air intake assembly is sleeved inside the anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly, the air intake assembly and the anode assembly are coaxial, and the cathode assembly and the anode assembly are respectively externally connected to power supplies, wherein the axial size of the anode assembly is larger than the cathode assembly and the air intake assembly, and the anode assembly comprises an anode water inlet channel 4, an anode water return channel 6, a first anode 8 and a second anode 11, wherein the anode water return channel 6 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the anode water inlet channel 4, wherein one end of the anode water inlet channel 4 is opened and connected to the end of the anode water return channel 6 to form an anode cooling water flow loop, and the first anode 8 and the second anode 11 are sealed and connected and sleeved in parallel on one end of the inner side of the anode water inlet channel 4.

[0032] Preferably, Figures 1-2 As shown, a sealing gasket 10 is provided between the first anode 8 and the second anode 11, wherein the first anode 8 and the second anode 11 are both tubular structures, the interior of the first anode 8 is an equal-diameter channel, wherein a first groove 14 is provided on the outside of the first anode 8, and the interior of the second anode 11 is an unequal-diameter channel, wherein the inner diameter of the end of the second anode 11 close to the first anode 8 is the same as the inner diameter of the first anode 8, and a step 16 is provided on the end of the second anode 11 away from the first anode 8, wherein the inner diameter at the step 16 is larger than the aperture of the end of the second anode 11 close to the first anode 8, and a second groove 15 is provided on the outside of the second anode 11, wherein an anode terminal is provided on the end of the anode return channel 6 away from the first anode 8.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the present invention discloses a plasma torch device adopting a contact arc ignition method, comprising a cathode assembly, an air intake assembly and an anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly is sleeved inside the air intake assembly, and the air intake assembly is sleeved inside the anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly, the air intake assembly and the anode assembly are coaxial, and the cathode assembly and the anode assembly are respectively externally connected to power supplies, wherein the axial size of the anode assembly is larger than the cathode assembly and the air intake assembly, and the anode assembly comprises an anode water inlet channel 4, an anode water return channel 6, a first anode 8 and a second anode 11, wherein the anode water return channel 6 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the anode water inlet channel 4, wherein one end of the anode water inlet channel 4 is opened and connected to the end of the anode water return channel 6 to form an anode cooling water flow loop, and the first anode 8 and the second anode 11 are sealed and connected and sleeved in parallel on one end of the inner side of the anode water inlet channel 4.

[0035] Preferably, Figures 1-2As shown, a sealing gasket 10 is provided between the first anode 8 and the second anode 11, wherein the first anode 8 and the second anode 11 are both tubular structures, the interior of the first anode 8 is an equal-diameter channel, wherein a first groove 14 is provided on the outside of the first anode 8, and the interior of the second anode 11 is an unequal-diameter channel, wherein the inner diameter of the end of the second anode 11 close to the first anode 8 is the same as the inner diameter of the first anode 8, and a step 16 is provided on the end of the second anode 11 away from the first anode 8, wherein the inner diameter at the step 16 is larger than the aperture of the end of the second anode 11 close to the first anode 8, and a second groove 15 is provided on the outside of the second anode 11, wherein an anode terminal is provided on the end of the anode return channel 6 away from the first anode 8.

[0036] Preferably, Figures 1-2 As shown, a permanent magnet 9 is provided on the outside of the first groove 14 and the second groove 15 outside the first anode 8 and the second anode 11, wherein the permanent magnet 9 is coaxially mounted inside the anode water inlet channel 4 outside the first anode 8 and the second anode 11, wherein the cathode assembly is close to and can contact the first anode 8 and is coaxially mounted inside the anode water inlet channel 4.

[0037] Example 4

[0038] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the present invention discloses a plasma torch device adopting a contact arc ignition method, comprising a cathode assembly, an air intake assembly and an anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly is sleeved inside the air intake assembly, and the air intake assembly is sleeved inside the anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly, the air intake assembly and the anode assembly are coaxial, and the cathode assembly and the anode assembly are respectively externally connected to power supplies, wherein the axial size of the anode assembly is larger than the cathode assembly and the air intake assembly, and the anode assembly comprises an anode water inlet channel 4, an anode water return channel 6, a first anode 8 and a second anode 11, wherein the anode water return channel 6 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the anode water inlet channel 4, wherein one end of the anode water inlet channel 4 is opened and connected to the end of the anode water return channel 6 to form an anode cooling water flow loop, and the first anode 8 and the second anode 11 are sealed and connected and sleeved in parallel on one end of the inner side of the anode water inlet channel 4.

[0039] Preferably, Figures 1-2As shown, a sealing gasket 10 is provided between the first anode 8 and the second anode 11, wherein the first anode 8 and the second anode 11 are both tubular structures, the interior of the first anode 8 is an equal-diameter channel, wherein a first groove 14 is provided on the outside of the first anode 8, and the interior of the second anode 11 is an unequal-diameter channel, wherein the inner diameter of the end of the second anode 11 close to the first anode 8 is the same as the inner diameter of the first anode 8, and a step 16 is provided on the end of the second anode 11 away from the first anode 8, wherein the inner diameter at the step 16 is larger than the aperture of the end of the second anode 11 close to the first anode 8, and a second groove 15 is provided on the outside of the second anode 11, wherein an anode terminal is provided on the end of the anode return channel 6 away from the first anode 8.

[0040] Preferably, Figures 1-2 As shown, a permanent magnet 9 is provided on the outside of the first groove 14 and the second groove 15 outside the first anode 8 and the second anode 11, wherein the permanent magnet 9 is coaxially mounted inside the anode water inlet channel 4 outside the first anode 8 and the second anode 11, wherein the cathode assembly is close to and can contact the first anode 8 and is coaxially mounted inside the anode water inlet channel 4.

[0041] Preferably, Figures 1-2 As shown, the cathode assembly includes a cathode cooling pipe, an advance and retreat electric actuator 5 and a cathode 7, wherein the cathode cooling pipe includes a cathode water inlet channel 1 and a cathode water return channel 2, wherein the cathode water return channel 2 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the cathode water inlet channel 1, and the cathode water inlet channel 1 is opened on the side close to the cathode 7 and connected to the end of the cathode water return channel 2 to form a cathode cooling water flow loop, wherein the end of the cathode water return channel 2 is provided with a cathode 7, and the end of the cathode water return channel 2 away from the cathode 7 is provided with a cathode terminal, wherein the cathode 7 is close to and can contact the first anode 8, one end of the advance and retreat electric actuator 5 is connected to the outer wall of the anode water return channel 6, wherein the other end of the advance and retreat electric actuator 5 is connected to the outer wall of the cathode water return channel 2, wherein the advance and retreat electric actuator 5 can make the cathode assembly move forward or backward along the axial direction, and the air intake assembly is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the cathode water return channel 2.

[0042] Example 5

[0043] like Figures 1-2As shown, the present invention discloses a plasma torch device adopting a contact arc ignition method, comprising a cathode assembly, an air intake assembly and an anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly is sleeved inside the air intake assembly, and the air intake assembly is sleeved inside the anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly, the air intake assembly and the anode assembly are coaxial, and the cathode assembly and the anode assembly are respectively externally connected to power supplies, wherein the axial size of the anode assembly is larger than the cathode assembly and the air intake assembly, and the anode assembly comprises an anode water inlet channel 4, an anode water return channel 6, a first anode 8 and a second anode 11, wherein the anode water return channel 6 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the anode water inlet channel 4, wherein one end of the anode water inlet channel 4 is opened and connected to the end of the anode water return channel 6 to form an anode cooling water flow loop, and the first anode 8 and the second anode 11 are sealed and connected and sleeved in parallel on one end of the inner side of the anode water inlet channel 4.

[0044] Preferably, Figures 1-2 As shown, a sealing gasket 10 is provided between the first anode 8 and the second anode 11, wherein the first anode 8 and the second anode 11 are both tubular structures, the interior of the first anode 8 is an equal-diameter channel, wherein a first groove 14 is provided on the outside of the first anode 8, and the interior of the second anode 11 is an unequal-diameter channel, wherein the inner diameter of the end of the second anode 11 close to the first anode 8 is the same as the inner diameter of the first anode 8, and a step 16 is provided on the end of the second anode 11 away from the first anode 8, wherein the inner diameter at the step 16 is larger than the aperture of the end of the second anode 11 close to the first anode 8, and a second groove 15 is provided on the outside of the second anode 11, wherein an anode terminal is provided on the end of the anode return channel 6 away from the first anode 8.

[0045] Preferably, Figures 1-2 As shown, a permanent magnet 9 is provided on the outside of the first groove 14 and the second groove 15 outside the first anode 8 and the second anode 11, wherein the permanent magnet 9 is coaxially mounted inside the anode water inlet channel 4 outside the first anode 8 and the second anode 11, wherein the cathode assembly is close to and can contact the first anode 8 and is coaxially mounted inside the anode water inlet channel 4.

[0046] Preferably, Figures 1-2As shown, the cathode assembly includes a cathode cooling pipe, an advance and retreat electric actuator 5 and a cathode 7, wherein the cathode cooling pipe includes a cathode water inlet channel 1 and a cathode water return channel 2, wherein the cathode water return channel 2 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the cathode water inlet channel 1, and the cathode water inlet channel 1 is opened on the side close to the cathode 7 and connected to the end of the cathode water return channel 2 to form a cathode cooling water flow loop, wherein the end of the cathode water return channel 2 is provided with a cathode 7, and the end of the cathode water return channel 2 away from the cathode 7 is provided with a cathode terminal, wherein the cathode 7 is close to and can contact the first anode 8, one end of the advance and retreat electric actuator 5 is connected to the outer wall of the anode water return channel 6, wherein the other end of the advance and retreat electric actuator 5 is connected to the outer wall of the cathode water return channel 2, wherein the advance and retreat electric actuator 5 can make the cathode assembly move forward or backward along the axial direction, and the air intake assembly is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the cathode water return channel 2.

[0047] Preferably, Figures 1-2 As shown, the forward and backward electric actuator 5 includes a first connecting rod 17, a second connecting rod 18 and a stepper motor 19, wherein one end of the first connecting rod 17 is connected to the outer wall of the anode return channel 6, wherein the other end of the first connecting rod 17 is connected to the stepper motor 19, and one end of the second connecting rod 18 is connected to the outer wall of the cathode return channel 2, wherein the other end of the second connecting rod 18 is connected to the stepper motor 19, wherein a signal receiver is provided on the stepper motor 19, wherein the stepper motor 19 is remotely controlled by a remote automatic control component, and when the stepper motor 19 receives the signal, it pulls the cathode assembly forward or backward along the axial direction according to the instruction.

[0048] Example 6

[0049] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the present invention discloses a plasma torch device adopting a contact arc ignition method, comprising a cathode assembly, an air intake assembly and an anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly is sleeved inside the air intake assembly, and the air intake assembly is sleeved inside the anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly, the air intake assembly and the anode assembly are coaxial, and the cathode assembly and the anode assembly are respectively externally connected to power supplies, wherein the axial size of the anode assembly is larger than the cathode assembly and the air intake assembly, and the anode assembly comprises an anode water inlet channel 4, an anode water return channel 6, a first anode 8 and a second anode 11, wherein the anode water return channel 6 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the anode water inlet channel 4, wherein one end of the anode water inlet channel 4 is opened and connected to the end of the anode water return channel 6 to form an anode cooling water flow loop, and the first anode 8 and the second anode 11 are sealed and connected and sleeved in parallel on one end of the inner side of the anode water inlet channel 4.

[0050] Preferably, Figures 1-2As shown, a sealing gasket 10 is provided between the first anode 8 and the second anode 11, wherein the first anode 8 and the second anode 11 are both tubular structures, the interior of the first anode 8 is an equal-diameter channel, wherein a first groove 14 is provided on the outside of the first anode 8, and the interior of the second anode 11 is an unequal-diameter channel, wherein the inner diameter of the end of the second anode 11 close to the first anode 8 is the same as the inner diameter of the first anode 8, and a step 16 is provided on the end of the second anode 11 away from the first anode 8, wherein the inner diameter at the step 16 is larger than the aperture of the end of the second anode 11 close to the first anode 8, and a second groove 15 is provided on the outside of the second anode 11, wherein an anode terminal is provided on the end of the anode return channel 6 away from the first anode 8.

[0051] Preferably, Figures 1-2 As shown, a permanent magnet 9 is provided on the outside of the first groove 14 and the second groove 15 outside the first anode 8 and the second anode 11, wherein the permanent magnet 9 is coaxially mounted inside the anode water inlet channel 4 outside the first anode 8 and the second anode 11, wherein the cathode assembly is close to and can contact the first anode 8 and is coaxially mounted inside the anode water inlet channel 4.

[0052] Preferably, Figures 1-2 As shown, the cathode assembly includes a cathode cooling pipe, an advance and retreat electric actuator 5 and a cathode 7, wherein the cathode cooling pipe includes a cathode water inlet channel 1 and a cathode water return channel 2, wherein the cathode water return channel 2 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the cathode water inlet channel 1, and the cathode water inlet channel 1 is opened on the side close to the cathode 7 and connected to the end of the cathode water return channel 2 to form a cathode cooling water flow loop, wherein the end of the cathode water return channel 2 is provided with a cathode 7, and the end of the cathode water return channel 2 away from the cathode 7 is provided with a cathode terminal, wherein the cathode 7 is close to and can contact the first anode 8, one end of the advance and retreat electric actuator 5 is connected to the outer wall of the anode water return channel 6, wherein the other end of the advance and retreat electric actuator 5 is connected to the outer wall of the cathode water return channel 2, wherein the advance and retreat electric actuator 5 can make the cathode assembly move forward or backward along the axial direction, and the air intake assembly is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the cathode water return channel 2.

[0053] Preferably, Figures 1-2 As shown, the forward and backward electric actuator 5 includes a first connecting rod 17, a second connecting rod 18 and a stepper motor 19, wherein one end of the first connecting rod 17 is connected to the outer wall of the anode return channel 6, wherein the other end of the first connecting rod 17 is connected to the stepper motor 19, and one end of the second connecting rod 18 is connected to the outer wall of the cathode return channel 2, wherein the other end of the second connecting rod 18 is connected to the stepper motor 19, wherein a signal receiver is provided on the stepper motor 19, wherein the stepper motor 19 is remotely controlled by a remote automatic control component, and when the stepper motor 19 receives the signal, it pulls the cathode assembly forward or backward along the axial direction according to the instruction.

[0054] Preferably, Figures 1-2As shown, the air intake assembly includes a gas channel 3 and a cyclone 13, wherein the gas channel 3 is coaxially mounted on the outside of the cathode return channel 2, and the end of the gas channel 3 is connected to the cyclone 13, wherein the cyclone 13 is close to the cathode 7 and the first anode 8, wherein the gas passes through the gas channel 3 and the cyclone 13 and then flows out from the gap between the cathode 7 and the first anode 8, and when the cathode 7 and the first anode 8 are respectively connected to external power supplies, a potential difference is formed, which will ionize the gas flowing through the cathode 7, the first anode 8 and the second anode 11 to form an arc plasma 12.

[0055] Preferably, Figures 1-2 As shown, a method for using the plasma torch device using the contact arc ignition method as described above comprises the following steps:

[0056] Step 1) Before starting work, the cathode 7 is in contact with the first anode 8, and cooling water is introduced through the cathode water inlet channel 1 and the anode water inlet channel 4 to cool the cathode 7, the first anode 8 and the second anode 11;

[0057] Step 2) the cathode (7) and the anode are energized, and then the cathode assembly is slowly pulled outward through the electric actuator (5) to form a gap between the cathode (7) and the first anode (8), and at the same time, gas is introduced through the gas channel (3), and the gas passes through the gas channel (3) through the cyclone (13) and then flows out from the gap between the cathode (7) and the first anode (8);

[0058] Step 3) Then gradually increase the gas flow rate through the gas channel 3 so that the arc root falls from the first anode 8 to the rear end step 16 of the second anode 11, forming an arc plasma 12 and completing the contact arc initiation, wherein the permanent magnet 9 can confine the arc plasma 12 to the axis of the plasma torch to avoid ablation of the surfaces of the first anode 8 and the second anode 11.

[0059] The cathode 7 can be made of high-temperature metal or alloy with good electrical and thermal conductivity.

[0060] The gas channel 3 is made of high-strength insulating material, which ensures gas intake on the one hand and plays an insulating role between the cathode and the anode on the other hand.

[0061] The sealing gasket 10 plays a sealing role to prevent anode cooling water from entering the interior of the electrode through the contact surface of the first anode and the second anode.

[0062] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0063] like Figures 1-2As shown, the plasma torch of the present invention comprises a cathode assembly, an air intake assembly and an anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly is sleeved inside the air intake assembly, and the air intake assembly is sleeved inside the anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly, the air intake assembly and the anode assembly are coaxial, and the cathode assembly and the anode assembly are respectively externally connected to power supplies, wherein the axial size of the anode assembly is larger than that of the cathode assembly and the air intake assembly, and the anode assembly comprises an anode water inlet channel 4, an anode water return channel 6, a first anode 8 and a second anode 11, wherein the anode water return channel 6 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the anode water inlet channel 4, wherein one end of the anode water inlet channel 4 is opened to connect the end of the anode water return channel 6 to form an anode cooling water flow loop, and the first anode 8 and the second anode 11 are sealed and connected and sleeved in parallel on one end of the inner side of the anode water inlet channel 4, and the cooling circulating water (such as Figure 1 , 2 The cathode 7 is cooled by the water flow loop of the cathode cooling pipe, and the cooling circulating water (such as Figure 1 , 2 The first anode 8 and the second anode 11 are cooled by a water flow loop of the anode cooling pipe. At the same time, a permanent magnet 9 is arranged outside the first anode 8 and the second anode 11. The cathode terminal and the anode terminal are respectively connected to a DC power supply to form a potential difference. After the power supply is started, the gas (such as Figure 1 , 2 The gas path shown) is ionized to form a plasma 12.

[0064] Before starting work, the cathode 7 is in contact with the first anode 8, and cooling water is introduced through the cathode water inlet channel 1 and the anode water inlet channel 4 to cool the cathode 7, the first anode 8 and the second anode 11; gas is introduced through the gas channel 3, and the gas passes through the cyclone 13 through the gas channel 3 and then flows out from the gap between the cathode 7 and the first anode 8, and then a signal is sent through the remote automatic control component, and the forward and backward electric actuator 5 pulls the cathode component outward after receiving the signal, so that a gap appears between the cathode 7 and the first anode 8; then the gas flow rate is gradually increased through the gas channel 3, so that the arc root falls from the first anode 8 to the rear end step 16 of the second anode 11, forming an arc plasma 12, and completing the contact arc initiation, wherein the permanent magnet 9 can clamp the arc plasma 12 to the axis of the plasma torch to avoid ablation of the first anode 8 and the second anode 11 surface.

[0065] The plasma torch of the present invention adopts a cathode and a first anode contact arc starting method. When starting work, the cathode and the first anode are in contact. After the cathode and the anode are energized, the cathode assembly is pulled outward by an electric actuator, so that a gap appears between the cathode and the first anode. At the same time, the gas flow is gradually increased through a gas channel, so that the arc root falls on the rear end step of the second anode. The contact arc starting method can avoid the occurrence of arc starting failure during gap arc starting. On the other hand, the contact arc starting method only needs normal power supply between the cathode and the anode to complete the arc starting process, thereby reducing the high-voltage arc starting module. This method improves the working stability of the plasma torch and reduces the cost of the power supply system.

[0066] The anode of the present invention is divided into a first anode and a second anode, and the inner surface of the second anode is made into a step shape, so that the arc root can be fixed to the step of the second anode. If ablation occurs during use, only the second anode needs to be replaced, thereby reducing the use cost of the plasma torch; on the other hand, a permanent magnet is arranged in the anode cooling water area on the outer surface of the anode to prevent the permanent magnet from being demagnetized due to excessive temperature, and a magnetic field is applied to the outside of the arc plasma, so that not only the arc plasma arc can be clamped to the axis of the plasma torch to avoid ablation of the first anode and the second anode surface, but also the arc plasma arc root can be driven to rotate on the electrode surface, thereby shortening the time the arc root stays in a fixed area, thereby reducing the total amount of heat transfer of the arc root to the fixed area and improving the electrode life.

[0067] The present invention adopts a dual-electrode structure, one path for working gas and two paths for cooling water. The system has high stability and strong maintainability, which is conducive to industrial application. At the same time, the second anode that is easily ablated is located at the end of the plasma torch and is easy to disassemble and assemble. The present invention has a simple structure, a long service life, safety and environmental protection, low cost, time and labor saving, and improves industrial production efficiency.

[0068] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

[0069] Many other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the concept and scope of the present invention.It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A plasma torch device using a contact arc ignition method, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cathode assembly, an air intake assembly and an anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly is sleeved inside the air intake assembly, and the air intake assembly is sleeved inside the anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly, the air intake assembly and the anode assembly are coaxial, and the cathode assembly and the anode assembly are respectively connected to an external power supply, wherein the axial dimension of the anode assembly is larger than that of the cathode assembly and the air intake assembly, and the anode assembly comprises an anode water inlet channel (4), an anode water return channel (6), a first anode (8) and a second anode (11), wherein the anode water return channel (6) is coaxially sleeved outside the anode water inlet channel (4), wherein one end of the anode water inlet channel (4) is open and connected to the end of the anode water return channel (6) to form an anode cooling water return channel. The first anode (8) and the second anode (11) are sealed and connected to each other and are mounted in parallel on one end of the inner side of the anode water inlet channel (4); a sealing gasket (10) is arranged between the first anode (8) and the second anode (11); the first anode (8) and the second anode (11) are both tubular structures; the interior of the first anode (8) is a channel of equal diameter; the exterior of the first anode (8) is provided with a first groove (14); the interior of the second anode (11) is a channel of unequal diameter; the inner diameter of the end of the second anode (11) close to the first anode (8) is the same as the inner diameter of the first anode (8); the end of the second anode (11) away from the first anode (8) is provided with a first groove (14); A step (16) is provided, wherein the inner diameter of the step (16) is larger than the aperture of the end of the second anode (11) close to the first anode (8); a second groove (15) is provided outside the second anode (11); an anode terminal is provided at the end of the anode water return channel (6) away from the first anode (8); a permanent magnet (9) is provided outside the first groove (14) and the second groove (15) outside the first anode (8) and the second anode (11); the permanent magnet (9) is coaxially mounted inside the anode water inlet channel (4) outside the first anode (8) and the second anode (11); the cathode assembly is close to and can contact the first anode (8) and is coaxially mounted on the anode water inlet channel (4). The water channel (4) is inside; the air intake assembly comprises a gas channel (3) and a cyclone (13), wherein the gas channel (3) is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the cathode water return channel (2), and the end of the gas channel (3) is connected to the cyclone (13), wherein the cyclone (13) is close to the cathode (7) and the first anode (8), wherein the gas passes through the gas channel (3), passes through the cyclone (13), and then flows out from the gap between the cathode (7) and the first anode (8), and when the cathode (7) and the first anode (8) are respectively connected to an external power source, a potential difference is formed, which will ionize the gas flowing through the cathode (7), the first anode (8) and the second anode (11) to form an arc plasma (12);The cathode assembly comprises a cathode cooling pipeline, an advance / retract electric actuator (5) and a cathode (7), wherein the cathode cooling pipeline comprises a cathode water inlet channel (1) and a cathode water return channel (2), wherein the cathode water return channel (2) is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the cathode water inlet channel (1), and the cathode water inlet channel (1) is opened on one side close to the cathode (7) and connected to the end of the cathode water return channel (2) to form a cathode cooling water flow loop, wherein a cathode (7) is provided at the end of the cathode water return channel (2), and a cathode terminal is provided at one end of the cathode water return channel (2) away from the cathode (7), wherein the cathode (7) is close to and can contact a first anode (8), one end of the advance / retract electric actuator (5) is connected to the outer wall of the anode water return channel (6), and the other end of the advance / retract electric actuator (5) is connected to the outer wall of the cathode water return channel (2), wherein the advance / retract electric actuator (5) is connected to the outer wall of the cathode water return channel (2), and the cathode water return channel (2) is connected to the outer wall of the cathode water return channel (6). The retracting electric actuator (5) can make the cathode assembly move forward or backward along the axial direction, and the air intake assembly is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the cathode water return channel (2); the retracting electric actuator (5) comprises a first connecting rod (17), a second connecting rod (18) and a stepping motor (19), wherein one end of the first connecting rod (17) is connected to the outer wall of the anode water return channel (6), wherein the other end of the first connecting rod (17) is connected to the stepping motor (19), one end of the second connecting rod (18) is connected to the outer wall of the cathode water return channel (2), wherein the other end of the second connecting rod (18) is connected to the first connecting rod (17), wherein a signal receiver is provided on the stepping motor (19), wherein the stepping motor (19) is remotely controlled by the remote automatic control assembly, and when the stepping motor (19) receives the signal, it pulls the cathode assembly forward or backward along the axial direction according to the instruction. ; 2. A method for using the plasma torch device using contact arc ignition as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1) Before starting the operation, the cathode (7) and the first anode (8) are in contact, and cooling water is introduced through the cathode water inlet channel (1) and the anode water inlet channel (4) to cool the cathode (7), the first anode (8) and the second anode (11); Step 2) the cathode (7) and the anode are energized, and then the cathode assembly is slowly pulled outward through the electric actuator (5) to form a gap between the cathode (7) and the first anode (8), and at the same time, gas is introduced through the gas channel (3), and the gas passes through the gas channel (3) through the cyclone (13) and then flows out from the gap between the cathode (7) and the first anode (8); Step 3) Then, the gas flow rate is gradually increased through the gas channel (3) so that the arc root falls from the first anode (8) to the rear end step (16) of the second anode (11), forming an arc plasma (12) and completing the contact arc ignition, wherein the permanent magnet (9) can clamp the arc plasma (12) to the axis of the plasma torch to avoid ablation of the surfaces of the first anode (8) and the second anode (11).

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