A charging and changing system for electric heavy trucks

Abstract

The present invention provides a charging and changing system for electric heavy trucks, comprising: a battery box storage platform, which includes a turnover channel located in the middle and storage areas located on both sides, wherein the turnover channel is used to transfer battery boxes and provide a transfer space; the storage area is used to store battery boxes and / or charge the battery boxes; a movable device is provided between the storage areas on both sides and the turnover channel, so that the battery box can be moved between the turnover channel and the storage areas on both sides; a parking area for vehicles to be replaced with batteries, which is used to park the vehicles to be replaced; a lifting mechanism, which is located above the movable battery box platform and the parking area for vehicles to be replaced with batteries, and is used for lifting the battery box between the vehicle to be replaced with batteries and the middle channel, so as to realize the replacement of the battery box of the vehicle to be replaced with batteries. The present invention simplifies the system structure, and the battery replacement time can be controlled to 3 minutes, and has the advantages of small size and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of battery replacement for electric trucks, and in particular to a charging and replacement system for electric heavy trucks. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the field of battery replacement for electric trucks, the battery box adopts a quick-replacement structure, which can be replaced in a dedicated battery replacement station. The battery replacement station is equipped with a multi-dimensional gantry vehicle that travels in the X and Y directions and a Z-direction winch lifting system, a charging device, multiple battery boxes and multiple charging stations. Under the action of the dedicated battery replacement device, the discharged battery box is removed and placed in the charging station, and the charged battery box is installed on the electric truck. In the field of container lifting, the container adopts a fast lifting system, which is also equipped with a multi-dimensional gantry vehicle that travels in the X and Y directions and a Z-direction winch lifting system. The container is lifted and removed under the action of a special lifting fixture. The advantages are that the battery box can be replaced in a short time (generally within 5 minutes); the coverage area is large, a single unit is equipped with more battery boxes, and the travel volume can be adjusted in multiple directions; however, there are the following disadvantages: the multi-dimensional lifting and replacement system is large in size, has more multi-dimensional drives, is relatively complex in control, and is very expensive; it occupies a large area, has high foundation requirements, has a large amount of construction, and is costly; the Z-direction lifting winch system is relatively complex and has a high height. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the defects in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a charging and changing system for an electric heavy truck.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electric heavy truck charging and changing system, comprising:

[0005] A battery box storage platform comprises a circulation channel in the middle and storage areas on both sides, wherein the circulation channel is used to transfer the battery boxes and provide a transfer space; the storage areas are used to store the battery boxes and / or charge the battery boxes; movable devices are provided between the storage areas on both sides and the circulation channel, so that the battery boxes can be moved between the circulation channel and the storage areas on both sides;

[0006] A parking area for vehicles with batteries to be replaced, used for parking the vehicles to be replaced;

[0007] The lifting mechanism is located above the movable battery box platform and the parking area of ​​the vehicle to be replaced with the battery, and is used for lifting the battery box between the parking area of ​​the vehicle to be replaced with the battery and the middle channel to achieve replacement of the battery box of the vehicle to be replaced with the battery.

[0008] Preferably, the battery box storage platform comprises: a plurality of battery box bases, wherein:

[0009] Each group of the battery box bases includes two battery box bases, and a battery box turnover space is separated between the two battery box bases; a guide rail is provided below the two battery box bases; the battery box base is used to store the battery box and / or charge the battery box; the battery box base includes a movable roller frame, and rollers are installed at the bottom of the battery box base, and the rollers of the two battery box bases can move along the direction of the guide rail;

[0010] Several groups of the battery box bases are horizontally distributed in sequence to form a row, and the turnover channel is composed of several battery box turnover spaces in the middle, and the storage areas on both sides are respectively composed of several battery box bases on both sides, and the guide rails in each group of the battery box bases form the movable device between the storage areas on both sides and the turnover channel.

[0011] Preferably, the battery box base also includes a rectangular frame, on which is provided a battery box charging connector, a battery box guide movable tray and a battery box in-place switch; wherein the battery box charging connector is electrically connected to the battery box; the battery box guide movable tray is used to support the battery box; and the battery box in-place switch is used to detect whether the battery box is installed in place.

[0012] Preferably, the battery box base is provided below:

[0013] The charging rack is a rectangular parallelepiped frame that plays a supporting role; the guide rail of the battery box base is arranged above the charging rack; the charging rack is also provided with a battery box moving drag chain;

[0014] A charger, which is arranged on the charging rack and provides power for charging the battery box;

[0015] The travel drive reduction motor is used to drive the roller to move along the guide rail.

[0016] Preferably, the hoisting mechanism comprises:

[0017] A support frame, wherein a track is provided on the support frame, the laying direction of the track is consistent with the direction of the turnover channel, and limiting components are provided at both ends of the track;

[0018] A mobile trolley is arranged on the support frame and can move along the track direction; a sling is provided at the bottom of the mobile trolley for connecting the battery box;

[0019] The driving device includes four electric chain hoists, which are used to drive the lifting of the lifting device.

[0020] Preferably, the mobile vehicle comprises:

[0021] A rectangular frame, used to carry internal components;

[0022] A control cabinet, fixed on the rectangular frame;

[0023] Roller support frames are arranged on both sides of the upper part of the rectangular parallelepiped frame;

[0024] A driving roller, which is arranged on the roller support frame;

[0025] A driven roller, which is arranged on the roller support frame;

[0026] An encoder, the encoder is connected to the driving roller and is used to read the number of rotations of the driving roller in real time;

[0027] A drag chain bracket, which is arranged on the roller support frame and is used to install the drag chain;

[0028] The limiting collision blocks are arranged at both ends of the roller support frame.

[0029] Preferably, the sling comprises:

[0030] A fixed support, comprising a rectangular support frame;

[0031] A twist lock mechanism, which is distributed at four points of the fixed bracket;

[0032] A positioning component is arranged around the fixing bracket and extends outward from the fixing bracket body. The positioning component is positioned with the frame beam of the battery box to realize the X and Y constraints between the hanger and the battery box;

[0033] A detection component, which is arranged at the four corners of the fixing bracket and is used to determine whether the hanger and the box are in place after the positioning component is positioned;

[0034] A driving mechanism, which is arranged on the fixed bracket and is used to drive the rotary lock mechanism to rotate, so that the rotary lock hook is dragged under the box frame to achieve Z-direction locking of the hanger and the battery box;

[0035] A suspension mechanism, comprising a suspension chain, a chain fixing seat, a screw half-gear ring, a pressure ball bearing, an adjusting screw and an anti-sway docking rod; wherein the suspension chain is connected to the top of the chain fixing seat; the chain fixing seat is formed into one body by two symmetrical components connected by threads; the screw half-gear ring is located above the pressure ball bearing, the pressure ball bearing is connected to the adjusting screw, and the screw half-gear ring is embedded in the screw groove of the adjusting screw; the screw half-gear ring and the pressure ball bearing are located in the chain fixing seat; the adjusting screw is connected to the fixed bracket; the anti-sway docking rod is sleeved on the outside of the chain fixing seat and the suspension chain.

[0036] Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises:

[0037] A rotating shaft, with rotating shaft support bearings, rotating shaft support bearing seats and rotating shaft connecting arms at both ends thereof, the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively connected to the rotating shaft support bearings, and the rotating shaft support bearings are fixed to the fixed bracket through the rotating shaft support bearing seats; the rotating shaft connecting arms are arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft and are movably connected to the rotating shaft;

[0038] An electric push rod, comprising an electric push rod connecting arm, wherein the electric push rod is connected to the rotating shaft through the electric push rod connecting arm;

[0039] A connecting rod, one end of which is connected to the rotating shaft through the rotating shaft connecting arm;

[0040] A padlock connecting arm is arranged at the other end of the connecting rod and connected to the bottom of the connecting rod, and is used to connect the rotary lock mechanism to drive the rotary lock mechanism to rotate.

[0041] Preferably, the parking area for vehicles with batteries to be replaced includes:

[0042] A camera is used to pick up the position of the marking point above the vehicle with the battery to be replaced, and capture the marking point on the vehicle with the battery to be replaced each time by taking a photo;

[0043] A license plate sensing antenna, used for the license plate sensor to read the license plate number of the vehicle to be replaced with a battery and enter it into the system;

[0044] A guiding device, used to guide the vehicle to be replaced with a battery into a parking position;

[0045] The vehicle entering the reference marking line provides an entry mark for the vehicle whose battery is to be replaced, so that the vehicle whose battery is to be replaced can be parked in an appropriate position with reference to the mark.

[0046] Preferably, the parking area for vehicles with batteries to be replaced is arranged at one end of the battery box storage platform.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0048] The hoisting mechanism adopted in the above system of the present invention is a unidirectional walking gantry. Compared with the multi-dimensional walking gantry in the prior art, an X-direction drive and structure are omitted, which greatly reduces the load of Y-direction walking.

[0049] The above-mentioned system of the present invention realizes the Y-direction movement of the battery box through the battery box storage platform, cooperates with the gantry truck to lift and take and place the battery, and the battery box storage platform is provided with a turnover channel for lifting the battery box, so as to realize the interchangeability of the battery box and minimize the occupied space to the greatest extent, further shorten the battery replacement time, and control the battery replacement time to within 3 minutes. The movement of the battery box below to cooperate with the gantry truck for lifting does not need to be included in the battery replacement time, the gantry truck has a short travel distance, and the Z-direction lifting stroke is short.

[0050] In the above-mentioned system of the present invention, the driving component of the lifting mechanism adopts an electric chain hoist structure, which simplifies the lifting structure of the Z-direction winch system in the prior art into a standard electric chain hoist structure. For example, four separate chain hoists are used for lifting, which greatly reduces the cost compared with the complex wire rope winding, multi-win wheel wiring system and huge motor reducer drive in the existing structure.

[0051] The above system of the present invention is small in size, for example, the total height does not exceed 5 meters, the width is 3 meters, and the length is determined according to the number of battery boxes, thereby simplifying the structure of the overall system.

[0052] The above system of the present invention is small in size and the entire station can be modularized, and only one station needs to be added during expansion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0054] Figure 1a It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 1b It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 1c It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hoisting mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3a This is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3b This is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4a It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4b It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 4c It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a battery box base according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a four-point box-type sling according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between a four-point box-type sling and a battery box according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between a four-point box-type sling and a battery box according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Fig. 9 An exploded view of a suspension mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Fig.10 An exploded view of a rotary lock mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of a four-point box-type sling according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Fig.12 An exploded view of a four-point box-type sling according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] The symbols in the figure are respectively represented as: battery box storage platform 1, battery box base 101, battery box charging connector 102, battery box guide moving tray 103, battery box in-position switch 104, charging rack 105, charger 106, travel drive reduction motor 107, battery box moving drag chain 108, guide rail 109, battery box moving position switch and limit 110, parking area 2 for vehicles to be replaced with batteries, camera 201, license plate sensing antenna 202, guide device 20 3. Drive into reference line 204, hoisting mechanism 3, support frame 301, mobile trolley 302, hoist 303, electric chain hoist 304, control cabinet 305, roller support frame 306, driving roller 307, driven roller 308, encoder 309, drag chain bracket 310, limit block 311, travel position switch 312, anti-sway guide cylinder 313, lift in place switch 314, hoist chain 315, battery box 4, vehicle to be replaced with battery 5, fixed bracket 6. Hook 701, hook bearing support seat 702, hook bearing 703, hook shaft 704, pressure ball 705, U-shaped anti-loosening nut 706, electric push rod 801, electric push rod connecting arm 802, lock and unlock position switch 803, rotating shaft 804, first connecting rod 806a, second connecting rod 806d, third connecting rod 806b, fourth connecting rod 806c, first rotating shaft connecting arm 807a, second rotating shaft connecting arm 807b, first padlock connecting arm 808a, second padlock connecting arm 808d, third padlock connecting arm 808b, fourth padlock connecting arm 808c, chain fixing seat 901, screw half-gear ring 902, pressure ball bearing 903, adjusting screw 904, anti-sway docking rod 905, guide block 10, detection position switch 11, frame beam 12, marking point 14, first shell 1301, second shell 1302, third shell 1303, fourth shell 1304, fifth shell 1305. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements may be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0073] Reference Figure 1a , Figure 1bThe figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric heavy truck charging and replacement system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprising: a battery box storage platform 1, which includes a turnover channel located in the middle and storage areas located on both sides, wherein the turnover channel is used to transfer battery boxes 4 and provide turnover space; the storage area is used to store the battery boxes 4 and / or charge the battery boxes 4; a movable device is provided between the storage areas on both sides and the turnover channel, so that the battery boxes 4 can be moved between the middle channel and the storage areas on both sides, so as to realize the interchangeability of the battery boxes 4. The parking area 2 for the vehicle to be replaced with the battery can be located at one end of the storage platform 1 for the battery box 4, and is used to park the vehicle to be replaced. The hoisting mechanism 3 is located above the movable battery box platform and the parking area 2 for the vehicle to be replaced with the battery, and is used for hoisting the battery box 4 between the vehicle 5 to be replaced with the battery and the turnover channel. Refer to Figure 1c As shown, the discharged battery box 4 is hoisted from the vehicle to be replaced to the turnover channel, and then the discharged battery box 4 is moved to the storage areas on both sides by a movable device for charging. At the same time, the charged battery boxes 4 located in the storage areas on both sides are moved to the turnover channel by a movable device. Finally, the lifting mechanism hoists the charged battery box 4 to the battery vehicle 5 to be replaced, thereby realizing the replacement of the battery box 4 of the battery vehicle 5 to be replaced.

[0074] In the above embodiment, the hoisting mechanism 3 adopts a unidirectional walking gantry (Y direction). Compared with the multi-dimensional walking gantry adopted in the hoisting device of the existing power exchange system, it reduces one X-direction drive and structure, greatly reducing the Y-direction walking load.

[0075] In other preferred embodiments, the hoisting mechanism 3 includes a support frame 301, a moving trolley 302 and a driving device. Figure 2 As shown, there are four support legs under the support frame 301, and the height of the support legs is the height of the support frame 301, so that the support frame 301 is located above the battery box storage platform 1. Tracks are laid along the length of the support frame 301. The laying direction of the track is consistent with the direction of the turnover channel. Limiting components are provided at both ends of the track to limit the moving position of the mobile trolley 302 to prevent the trolley from running out of the track. Figure 2 As shown, the mobile trolley 302 is installed on the support frame 301. The mobile trolley 302 can move along the track direction. During operation, the mobile trolley 302 can be moved from the parking area 2 for the battery replacement vehicle to the turnover channel of the battery box storage platform 1. A sling 303 is provided at the bottom of the mobile trolley 302 for connecting the battery box 4. As a preferred embodiment, the sling 303 can adopt a four-point box-type sling. An anti-sway guide cylinder 313 is provided below the sling chain 315. The anti-sway guide cylinder 313 is a trumpet-shaped component. The end with a small diameter of the anti-sway guide cylinder 313 is fixed to the mobile trolley 302, and the end of the trumpet mouth is located at the lower end. A lift-to-position switch 314 is provided on the anti-sway guide cylinder 313 for controlling the lifting and lowering of the sling 303. Refer to Figure 3a , Figure 3b As shown, the driving device includes four electric chain hoists 304 for driving the lifting of the lifting device 303.

[0076] In other preferred embodiments: refer to Figure 3a , 3b As shown, the mobile trolley 302 includes a rectangular frame, a control cabinet 305, a roller support frame 306, a driving roller 307, a driven roller 308 and an encoder 309, a drag chain bracket 310, a limit block 311 and a travel position switch 312, wherein the rectangular frame is used to carry internal components. Two control cabinets 305 are fixed to the two ends of the rectangular frame respectively. Figure 3b As shown, two roller support frames 306 are fixed on both sides of the upper part of the rectangular parallelepiped frame, and the lateral distance between the two roller support frames 306 matches the track distance. The driving roller 307 and the driven roller 308 are installed on the roller support frame 306, and the driving roller 307 and the driven roller 308 are located on both sides of the upper part of the rectangular parallelepiped frame, and the encoder 309 is connected to the driving roller 307. The encoder 309 is used to read the number of rotations of the roller in real time, which is also the distance moved by the mobile trolley 302. The control cabinet 305 is equipped with a PLC programmable controller, a variable frequency speed regulator of the motor of the mobile trolley 302, electrical components and hardware circuits to realize the power supply, position control and speed control of the mobile trolley 302, the position and hoisting control of the lifting sling 303, etc.

[0077] The drag chain bracket 310 is installed on the outside of the roller support frame 306 for installing the drag chain and playing a protective role. The limit collision blocks 311 are installed at both ends of the roller support frame 306 to play a braking and buffering role to prevent the end of the roller support frame from directly contacting and colliding with the end of the support frame 301. The travel position switch 312 is set above the rectangular parallelepiped frame, and the travel position switch 312 is used to control the operation switch of the mobile trolley 302.

[0078] In other preferred embodiments: Figure 4a , Figure 4b , Figure 4c as well as Figure 7As shown, a camera 201, a license plate sensing antenna 202, a guide device 203 and an entry reference line 204 are provided in the parking area 2 for the vehicle to be replaced with a battery; wherein the camera 201 is used to pick up the position of the mark point 14 on the battery box above the vehicle 5 to be replaced with a battery, the camera 201 takes a picture of the circular mark point 14, and then simulates the position of the center point of the circle, calculates the position deviation of the vehicle by the deviation relative to the origin of the camera field of view, and captures the mark point 14 on the battery box of the vehicle 5 to be replaced with a battery each time by taking a picture and calculates the deviation from the theoretical origin, thereby controlling the movement of the sling 303 to compensate for its offset through the PLC control. The license plate sensing antenna 202 is used for the license plate sensor to read the license plate number on the truck and enter it into the system. The guide device 203 is fixed on the ground to form a guide on the ground. The guide device 203 guides the vehicle 5 whose battery is to be replaced into the parking position; the entry reference mark 204 is fixed on the ground, located on the inner side of the guide device 203, providing an entry mark for the vehicle 5 whose battery is to be replaced, so that the vehicle 5 whose battery is to be replaced can be parked in an appropriate position with reference to the mark, and parked at one end of the lifting mechanism.

[0079] In other preferred embodiments, refer to Figure 5 As shown, the battery box storage platform 1 includes: a plurality of battery box bases 101, each battery box base 101 includes two battery box bases 101, and there is a battery box 4 turnover space between the two battery box bases 101. A guide rail 109 is provided below the two battery box bases 101, and the battery box base 101 includes a movable roller frame, and rollers are installed at the bottom. The rollers of the two battery box bases 101 can move along the direction of the guide rail 109, that is, the two battery box bases 101 can move between the original position and the battery box 4 turnover space. The movable roller frame is independently driven by a motor to move in the Y direction, and cooperates with a gantry truck to lift and take and place batteries. The battery box base 101 is used to store the battery box 4 and / or charge the battery box 4.

[0080] Several groups of battery box bases 101 are horizontally distributed in sequence to form a row, and a circulation channel is composed of several battery box 4 turnover spaces in the middle, and several battery box bases 101 located on both sides respectively constitute storage areas on both sides, and the guide rails 109 and rollers of each group of battery box bases 101 form a movable device between the storage areas on both sides and the circulation channel.

[0081] In other preferred embodiments, refer to Figure 5As shown, the battery box base 101 includes a rectangular frame, and a battery box charging connector 102, a battery box guide movable tray 103, a battery box movable position switch and limit 110, and a battery box in-position switch 104 are arranged above the rectangular frame; wherein the battery box charging connector 102 is electrically connected to the battery box 4; the battery box guide movable tray 103 is used to support the battery box 4; the battery box in-position switch 104 is used to detect whether the battery box 4 is installed in place. The battery box movable position switch and limit 110 are used to limit the position or travel of the battery box 4.

[0082] In other preferred embodiments, refer to Figure 5 As shown, a charging rack 105, a charger 106 and a travel drive reduction motor 107 are provided below the battery box base 101; wherein the charging rack 105 is a rectangular frame, which plays a supporting role; the charger 106 is placed in the charging rack 105 to provide power for charging the battery box 4; the guide rail 109 below the battery box base 101 is installed above the charging rack 105; a battery box moving drag chain 108 is provided on the charging rack 105; the driving shaft of the travel drive reduction motor 107 is connected to the roller of the guide rail 109, so that the roller rotates on the guide rail 109 and travels through friction.

[0083] During the specific implementation process, the total height of the battery box base 101 and the charging rack 105 below is consistent with the replacement position height of the vehicle to be replaced, so as to minimize the lifting Z-direction stroke and the overall gantry height.

[0084] Reference Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a four-point box-type sling. In the preferred embodiment, the sling includes a fixed bracket 6, four rotary lock mechanisms, a driving mechanism, a positioning component and a detection component; wherein the four rotary lock mechanisms are distributed at four points of the fixed bracket 6. The positioning component is arranged around the fixed bracket 6, extending outward from the fixed bracket 6 body, and is positioned by the positioning component and the frame beam 12 of the battery box 4 to realize the X and Y constraints of the sling 303 and the battery box 4; the detection component is arranged at the four corners of the fixed bracket 6, and is used to determine whether the four corners of the sling 303 and the box body are in place after the positioning component is positioned; the driving mechanism is arranged on the fixed bracket 6, and is used to drive the rotary lock mechanism to rotate, so that the hook at the bottom of the rotary lock mechanism is dragged under the frame beam 12, and the Z-direction locking of the sling 303 and the battery box 4 is realized.

[0085] Reference Figure 7As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the shape of the fixed bracket 6 is a rectangular frame structure, which matches the shape of the frame beam 12. The size of the fixed bracket 6 is slightly smaller than the frame beam 12, so that the periphery of the fixed bracket 6 is positioned on the box frame beam 12 through the positioning component. The battery box 4 includes a frame beam 12 located at the upper part, which is used to connect with the hanger 303. The frame beam 12 is a rectangular frame, and the main beam of the frame can form a locking structure with the rotary lock mechanism, without the need to add an additional locking support matching the rotary lock mechanism.

[0086] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the hook 701 of the rotary lock mechanism is horizontally arranged with the box frame beam 12, and the driving mechanism drives the hook 701 to rotate 90 degrees, so that the hook 701 is perpendicular to the box frame beam 12, thereby achieving Z-direction locking.

[0087] Reference Fig. 9 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the rotary lock mechanism includes: a hook 701, the hook 701 is located at the bottom end of the rotary lock mechanism, the hook 701 is provided with a hook shaft 704, and the hook 701 can rotate along the hook shaft 704; the upper end of the hook shaft 704 is provided with a keyway for connecting with the padlock connecting arm; two hook bearings 703, the two hook bearings 703 are connected to the hook shaft 704, and are used to constrain the hook shaft 704 in the XY direction; the rotary lock mechanism is supported by bearings, which is flexible in rotation, prolongs the service life and improves the operating efficiency. The pressure ball 705 and the U-shaped anti-loosening nut 706 are connected to the hook shaft 704, and the U-shaped anti-loosening nut 706 is arranged above the pressure ball 705; the hook bearing support seat 702, the hook bearing support seat 702 has a receiving space, and a partition with a central through hole is arranged in the receiving space, and the partition divides the receiving space into an upper space and a lower space; the hook bearing support seat 702 is sleeved on the hook shaft 704, and the hook shaft 704 passes through the central through hole of the partition, the two hook bearings 703 are located in the lower space, and the pressure ball 705 is located in the upper space; the upper end outer wall of the hook bearing support seat 702 is provided with a circle of outer edge for fixing with the fixing bracket 6. In other embodiments, the pressure ball 705 can also be replaced with a needle bearing.

[0088] Reference Figure 6 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the driving mechanism includes: a rotating shaft 804, an electric push rod 801 and an electric push rod connecting arm 802, the electric push rod 801 is connected to the rotating shaft 804 through the electric push rod connecting arm 802; the rotating shaft 804 is horizontally arranged, and the electric push rod 801 drives the rotating shaft 804 to rotate.

[0089] The first rotating shaft connecting arm 807a and the second rotating shaft connecting arm 807b are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft 804 and connected to the rotating shaft 804. The rotating shaft 804 rotates to drive the rotating shaft connecting arms at both ends to rotate around the rotating shaft 804.

[0090] The first link 806a, the second link 806d, the third link 806b and the fourth link 806c, wherein the first link 806a and the second link 806d are respectively arranged perpendicular to the rotating shaft 804, one end of the first link 806a and the second link 806d are connected to the first rotating shaft connecting arm 807a, and the first link 806a and the second link 806d are driven to rotate around the rotating shaft 804 through the first rotating shaft connecting arm 807a.

[0091] The third link 806b and the fourth link 806c are respectively arranged perpendicular to the rotating shaft 804, and one end of the third link 806b and the fourth link 806c are connected to the second rotating shaft connecting arm 807b, and the third link 806b and the fourth link 806c are driven to rotate around the rotating shaft 804 through the second rotating shaft connecting arm 807b.

[0092] The first padlock connecting arm 808a, the second padlock connecting arm 808d, the third padlock connecting arm 808b and the fourth padlock connecting arm 808c, wherein the first padlock connecting arm 808a is arranged horizontally and connected to the bottom of the other end of the first connecting rod 806a. The second padlock connecting arm 808d is arranged horizontally and connected to the bottom of the other end of the second connecting rod 806d. The third padlock connecting arm 808b is arranged horizontally and connected to the bottom of the other end of the third connecting rod 806b; the fourth padlock connecting arm 808c is arranged horizontally and connected to the bottom of the other end of the fourth connecting rod 806c. The four padlock connecting arms are driven to rotate radially by the first connecting rod 806a, the second connecting rod 806d, the third connecting rod 806b and the fourth connecting rod 806c respectively. The four padlock connecting arms are respectively connected to the four-point rotary lock mechanism, and the rotary lock mechanism is driven to rotate radially by the four padlock connecting arms, thereby realizing four-point synchronous drive full-automatic locking.

[0093] Reference Figure 6 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the driving mechanism further includes: two rotating shaft support bearings and two rotating shaft support bearing seats, wherein the two rotating shaft support bearings are respectively arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft 804, and the two rotating shaft support bearings are respectively fixed to the fixed bracket 6 through the two rotating shaft support bearing seats. Furthermore, a locking and unlocking position switch 803 is also provided on the rotating shaft 804. The locking and unlocking position switch 803 is used to detect the angular position of the connecting arm (metal sensing). The locking and unlocking position switch 803 is fixed by a bracket, and the position of the locking and unlocking position switch 803 can be adjusted. The locking and unlocking position switch 803 is parallel to the rotating shaft 804, and its position can be sensed by vertically facing the connecting arm.

[0094] Preferably, the positioning component includes four guide blocks 10, which are divided into two groups of guide blocks 10, and each group of guide blocks 10 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed bracket 6. Specifically, the guide blocks 10 include a connecting plate, and two ribs are arranged above the connecting plate; the connecting plate is fixed to the bottom surface of the side of the fixed frame, and the two ribs are clamped on the outer ridges of the side of the fixed frame; a downwardly extending protrusion is arranged below the connecting plate, and one side of the protrusion and the bottom surface of the connecting plate form an L-shaped slot for inserting and plugging the frame main beam of the box body; the lower end of the protrusion is a tapered structure, which plays a guiding role.

[0095] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the detection components are four detection position switches 11, and the four detection position switches 11 are respectively vertically arranged at the four corners of the fixed bracket 6. Two horizontal brackets are respectively installed at both ends of the fixed bracket 6, and the four detection position switches 11 are respectively installed on the two horizontal brackets and located at the four corners of the fixed bracket 6. The four detection position switches 11 can sense their positions by facing the main beam of the frame vertically.

[0096] Reference Fig.10 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the four-point box-type sling also includes four suspension mechanisms, each of which includes a suspension chain, a chain fixing seat 901, a screw half-gear ring 902, a pressure ball bearing 903 and an adjusting screw 904, wherein the chain fixing seat 901 is formed by connecting two symmetrical parts into one body, and has a accommodating space inside. The screw half-gear ring 902 and the pressure ball bearing 903 are arranged in the chain fixing seat 901, wherein the screw half-gear ring 902 is located above the pressure ball bearing 903, the pressure ball bearing 903 is connected to the adjusting screw 904, and the screw half-gear ring 902 is embedded in the screw groove of the adjusting screw 904 for limiting; the chain fixing seat 901 is arranged at the bottom end of the suspension chain, and the suspension chain is connected to the adjusting screw 904; the adjusting screw 904 is arranged on the main beam of the fixed bracket 6.

[0097] The four suspension points of the suspension mechanism can be connected by a standard hoisting hoist hook method. The four suspension mechanisms 4 are connected to the main beam of the fixed bracket 6 through four adjusting screws 904, and can be adjusted in a certain range in the Z direction without disassembling the chain, which overcomes the problem that the four-point suspension height cannot be adjusted horizontally. The suspension chain is used in the suspension mechanism, and the suspension chain can float in any direction, further cooperating with the positioning of the sling 303.

[0098] Reference Fig.11As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the suspension mechanism further includes four anti-sway docking rods 905, which are sleeved on the chain fixing seat 901 and the outside of the suspension chain, and the bottom of the anti-sway docking rod 905 is fixed to the fixing bracket 6 by bolts. In the process of lifting, it plays a role in preventing the suspension chain from swinging.

[0099] Reference Fig.12 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the sling 303 further includes a first shell 1301, a second shell 1302, a third shell 1303, a fourth shell 1304 and a fifth shell 1305. The first shell 1301, the second shell 1302, the third shell 1303, the fourth shell 1304 and the fifth shell 1305 are respectively assembled on the respective components above the fixing bracket 6, the first shell 1301 and the fifth shell 1305 are respectively mounted above the detection component and fixed to the fixing bracket 6 by bolts, the second shell 1302, the third shell 1303 and the fourth shell 1304 are respectively mounted above the driving component and fixed to the fixing bracket 6 by bolts, the detection component and the driving component are accommodated inside the shell, isolated from the external environment, play a protective role, and extend the service life.

[0100] The above embodiment does not need to add additional locking supports to the battery box 4 that match the rotary lock mechanism. The rotary lock mechanism can be directly towed under the frame beam 12 to achieve Z-axis locking. The X and Y directions are constrained by the positioning components on all sides. Before the hanger 303 fits the battery box 4, the XY guide takes precedence over the box body to produce a positioning effect. The positioning component can position the hanger 303 within an error of + / -100mm to achieve a wide range of error positioning. After the hanger 303 fits the box body in place, four detection switches 11 (i.e., detection components) are configured at four points. The hanger 303 is determined to be in place through the four-point switches, and the drive mechanism can be started to drive the rotary lock mechanism to rotate 90 degrees, so that the rotary lock mechanism is towed under 701.

[0101] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art may make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric heavy truck charging and changing system, characterized by: include: A battery box storage platform comprises a circulation channel in the middle and storage areas on both sides, wherein the circulation channel is used to transfer the battery boxes and provide a transfer space; the storage areas are used to store the battery boxes and / or charge the battery boxes; movable devices are provided between the storage areas on both sides and the circulation channel, so that the battery boxes can be moved between the circulation channel and the storage areas on both sides; The parking area for vehicles with batteries to be replaced is used to park the vehicles with batteries to be replaced; A hoisting mechanism, located above the battery box storage platform and the parking area of ​​the battery-to-be-replaced vehicle, is used for hoisting the battery box between the parking area of ​​the battery-to-be-replaced vehicle and the battery box storage platform to achieve replacement of the battery box of the battery-to-be-replaced vehicle; The battery box storage platform includes: a plurality of battery box bases, wherein: Each group of the battery box bases includes two battery box bases, and a battery box turnover space is separated between the two battery box bases; a guide rail is provided below the two battery box bases; the battery box base is used to store the battery box and / or charge the battery box; the battery box base includes a movable roller frame, and rollers are installed at the bottom of the battery box base, and the rollers of the two battery box bases can move along the direction of the guide rail; Several groups of battery box bases are arranged in a row in a horizontal direction, and the circulation channel is composed of several battery box circulation spaces in the middle, and the storage areas on both sides are respectively composed of several battery box bases on both sides, and the guide rails in each group of battery box bases form the movable device between the storage areas on both sides and the circulation channel; The hoisting mechanism comprises: A support frame, wherein a track is provided on the support frame, the laying direction of the track is consistent with the direction of the turnover channel, and limiting components are provided at both ends of the track; A mobile trolley is arranged on the support frame and can move along the track direction; a sling is provided at the bottom of the mobile trolley for connecting the battery box; A driving device, including four electric chain hoists, for driving the lifting and lowering of the spreader; The sling comprises: A fixed support, comprising a rectangular support frame; A twist lock mechanism, which is distributed at four points of the fixed bracket; A positioning component is arranged around the fixing bracket and extends outward from the fixing bracket body. The positioning component is positioned with the frame beam of the battery box to realize the X and Y constraints between the hanger and the battery box; A detection component, which is arranged at the four corners of the fixing bracket, and is used to determine whether the sling and the box body are in place after the positioning component is positioned; A driving mechanism, which is arranged on the fixed bracket and is used to drive the rotary lock mechanism to rotate so that the rotary lock hook is dragged under the box frame to achieve Z-direction locking of the hanger and the battery box; A suspension mechanism, comprising a suspension chain, a chain fixing seat, a screw half-gear ring, a pressure ball bearing, an adjusting screw and an anti-sway docking rod; wherein the suspension chain is connected to the top of the chain fixing seat; the chain fixing seat is formed into one body by two symmetrical components connected by threads; the screw half-gear ring is located above the pressure ball bearing, the pressure ball bearing is connected to the adjusting screw, and the screw half-gear ring is embedded in the screw groove of the adjusting screw; the screw half-gear ring and the pressure ball bearing are located in the chain fixing seat; the adjusting screw is connected to the fixed bracket; the anti-sway docking rod is sleeved on the outside of the chain fixing seat and the suspension chain.

2. The electric heavy truck charging and changing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery box base also includes a rectangular frame, on which are provided a battery box charging connector, a battery box guiding movable tray and a battery box in-place switch; wherein the battery box charging connector is electrically connected to the battery box; the battery box guiding movable tray is used to support the battery box; and the battery box in-place switch is used to detect whether the battery box is installed in place.

3. The electric heavy truck charging and changing system according to claim 1 is characterized by: Below the battery box base is provided: The charging rack is a rectangular parallelepiped frame that plays a supporting role; the guide rail of the battery box base is arranged above the charging rack; the charging rack is also provided with a battery box moving drag chain; A charger, which is arranged on the charging rack and provides power for charging the battery box; The travel drive reduction motor is used to drive the roller to move along the guide rail.

4. The electric heavy truck charging and changing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile vehicle comprises: A rectangular frame, used to carry internal components; A control cabinet, fixed on the rectangular frame; Roller support frames are arranged on both sides of the upper part of the rectangular parallelepiped frame; A driving roller, which is arranged on the roller support frame; A driven roller, which is arranged on the roller support frame; An encoder, the encoder is connected to the driving roller and is used to read the number of rotations of the driving roller in real time; A drag chain bracket, which is arranged on the roller support frame and is used to install the drag chain; The limiting collision blocks are arranged at both ends of the roller support frame.

5. The electric heavy truck charging and changing system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises: A rotating shaft, with rotating shaft support bearings, rotating shaft support bearing seats and rotating shaft connecting arms at both ends thereof, the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively connected to the rotating shaft support bearings, and the rotating shaft support bearings are fixed to the fixed bracket through the rotating shaft support bearing seats; the rotating shaft connecting arms are arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft and are movably connected to the rotating shaft; An electric push rod, comprising an electric push rod connecting arm, wherein the electric push rod is connected to the rotating shaft through the electric push rod connecting arm; A connecting rod, one end of which is connected to the rotating shaft through the rotating shaft connecting arm; A padlock connecting arm is arranged at the other end of the connecting rod and connected to the bottom of the connecting rod, and is used to connect the rotary lock mechanism to drive the rotary lock mechanism to rotate.

6. The electric heavy truck charging and changing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parking area for vehicles to be replaced with batteries includes: A camera is used to pick up the position of the marking point above the vehicle with the battery to be replaced, and capture the marking point on the vehicle with the battery to be replaced each time by taking a photo; A license plate sensing antenna, used for the license plate sensor to read the license plate number of the vehicle whose battery is to be replaced; A guiding device, used to guide the vehicle to be replaced with a battery into a parking position; The vehicle entering the reference marking line provides an entry mark for the vehicle whose battery is to be replaced, so that the vehicle whose battery is to be replaced can be parked in an appropriate position with reference to the mark.

7. An electric heavy truck charging and changing system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The parking area for vehicles with batteries to be replaced is arranged at one end of the battery box storage platform.

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