A special-shaped proximal femoral block

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention relates to a proximal femoral shaped block, which is a plate-like structure. The proximal femoral shaped block specifically includes: a first fixing part and a second fixing part: the inner surface of the first fixing part is an arcuate surface, which is adapted to the curved surface of the upper end of the femur and fixed to the top; the first fixing part includes: two adjacent top locking screw holes, which are located at the upper part of the first fixing part; a middle locking screw hole, which is located in the middle of the upper part of the first fixing part; two adjacent bottom locking screw holes, which are located below the two top locking screw holes; the second fixing part includes: a fixing screw hole and a connecting rod connecting screw hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of orthopedic medical instruments, and in particular to a proximal femoral special-shaped block. Background Art

[0002] Femoral fracture is a common fracture in clinical practice. It is very difficult to reduce and fix it, resulting in a high disability rate. Currently, there are many treatment methods and fixation equipment for femoral fractures. Surgery is the preferred treatment method. Usually, bone plates or steel plates and locking screws are used to fix the fracture site during surgery.

[0003] Although the use of bone plates or steel plates and locking screws has reduced the disability rate to a certain extent, there are still the following disadvantages. First, the existing femoral fracture implant fixation steel plates are relatively simple, and the length of the implanted steel plates cannot be adjusted. The implanted length is too long, which directly affects the area of ​​the wound and cannot be fixed well. Second, it is difficult to reduce and fix the fracture site. The locking screws of the current femoral fracture implant steel plates are set in parallel and are easy to loosen after being screwed into the fracture site, which seriously affects the treatment effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a proximal femoral special-shaped block, which has an integrated molding design and is easy to operate. The screw holes in different orientations realize a cross-locking spatial structure, which has a more secure fixation, better adhesion performance, and a wide wrapping range.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a proximal femoral shaped block, wherein the proximal femoral shaped block is a plate-like structure, and the proximal femoral shaped block specifically comprises: a first fixing portion and a second fixing portion, wherein the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion are connected:

[0006] The inner surface of the first fixing part is an arcuate surface, which matches the curved surface of the upper end of the femur and is fixed to the top end; the first fixing part includes:

[0007] Two adjacent top locking screw holes are located on the upper part of the first fixing portion, and when the first locking screw passes through the top locking screw hole, the first upper screw connection portion of the first locking screw is screwed with the top locking screw hole, and the inclination angle of the plane where the first locking screw and the second fixing portion are located is a first horizontal inclination angle;

[0008] a middle locking screw hole, located in the middle of the upper part of the fixing portion, when the second locking screw passes through the middle locking screw hole, the second upper screw-connecting portion of the second locking screw is screwed with the middle locking screw hole, and the inclination angle between the second locking screw and the plane where the second fixing portion is located is a second horizontal inclination angle; the second horizontal inclination angle is greater than the first horizontal inclination angle;

[0009] Two adjacent bottom locking screw holes are located below the two top locking screw holes. When the third locking screw passes through the bottom locking screw hole, the third upper screw connection portion of the third locking screw is screwed with the bottom locking screw hole. The inclination angle of the plane where the third locking screw and the second fixing portion are located is a third horizontal inclination angle; the third horizontal inclination angle is greater than the first horizontal inclination angle.

[0010] The second fixing portion includes:

[0011] A fixing screw hole, located on the surface of the second fixing portion;

[0012] The connecting rod connecting screw hole is located on the side of the second fixing part; the connecting rod is inserted into the connecting rod connecting screw hole, and when the fourth locking screw passes through the fixing screw hole, the fourth upper threaded portion of the fourth locking screw is threadedly connected with the fixing screw hole, thereby squeezing the connecting rod connecting screw hole to fix the connecting rod and the second fixing part.

[0013] Preferably, the first fixing portion further has one or more positioning holes for temporary fixation of the proximal femoral special-shaped block during surgery or for threading sutures or cables.

[0014] Preferably, the first locking screw, the second locking screw and the third locking screw have the same inclination angle with respect to the normal of the plane where the second fixing portion is located, and the inclination angle ranges from 8 to 12°.

[0015] Preferably, the first horizontal inclination angle ranges from 118 to 123°, the second horizontal inclination angle ranges from 125°, and the third horizontal inclination angle ranges from 123 to 128°.

[0016] Preferably, the curvature radius of the bottom edge of the horizontal section of the first fixing portion between the top locking screw hole and the middle locking screw hole is R1, and the value range of R1 is 35 to 40 mm;

[0017] The curvature radius of the bottom edge of the horizontal section of the first fixing portion located at the top locking screw hole is R2, and the value range of R2 is 22 to 27 mm.

[0018] Preferably, the connecting rod connecting screw hole specifically includes: a first connecting rod connecting screw hole and a second connecting rod connecting screw hole;

[0019] The diameter of the first connecting rod connecting screw hole and the diameter of the second connecting rod connecting screw hole are equal or different.

[0020] A proximal femoral special-shaped block provided in an embodiment of the present invention has an integrally formed design, a curved surface with better adhesion performance, and a spatial structure with cross-locking achieved by fixing screw holes in the same orientation, so that the force is more uniform, thereby avoiding concentrated compression on the femur, ensuring blood circulation, and improving the patient's comfort. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A top view of a proximal femoral shaped block provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of the AA section;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-section of the middle BB section;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Cross-section of the middle CC section;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Cross-section of the middle DD section;

[0026] Figure 6 A side cross-sectional view of a proximal femoral shaped block provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 A side view of a proximal femoral shaped block provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] An embodiment of the present invention provides a proximal femoral special-shaped block, which is used for fixing the fracture site in femoral fracture surgery.

[0030] Figure 1 A top view of a proximal femoral shaped block provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 A side cross-sectional view of the proximal femoral shaped block provided in an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in the figure, the proximal femoral shaped block in the embodiment of the present invention is a plate-like structure, and the proximal femoral shaped block specifically includes: a first fixing portion 91 and a second fixing portion 92.

[0031] The first fixing portion 91 and the second fixing portion 92 are connected and formed as one piece.

[0032] Preferably, in this embodiment, the plane where the second fixing portion 92 is located is set as the first plane, and the plane parallel to the horizontal direction of the normal to the first plane is set as the second plane.

[0033] The outer surface of the first fixing part 91 is an arc-shaped surface with a certain curvature, and a plurality of screw holes and round holes are arranged on the arc-shaped surface from top to bottom. The inner surface of the first fixing part 91 is an arc-shaped surface, which is adapted to the curved surface of the upper end of the femur. The first fixing part 91 is fixed to the top of the femur by a locking screw; specifically, a top locking screw hole 910, a middle locking screw hole 911, a bottom locking screw hole 912 and a positioning hole 913 are arranged on the top of the first fixing part 91 from the front end to the end.

[0034] The top locking screw hole 910 is specifically composed of two adjacent screw holes, and is located at the upper part of the first fixing part 91. The interior of the top locking screw hole 910 is specifically composed of an upper edge part and a lower edge part. The surface of the upper edge part is a smooth curved surface, and the surface of the lower edge part is provided with a fastening thread. The top locking screw hole 910 is used to fit the inner surface of the first fixing part 91 to the bone surface of the top of the femur and fix it on its surface through a locking screw;

[0035] Figure 7 A side view of a proximal femoral shaped block provided by an embodiment of the present invention, combined with Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in a specific embodiment, after the two first locking screws are passed through the top locking screw holes 910, the first upper threaded portion of the first locking screw is screwed into the lower edge of the top locking screw hole 910, and as the first upper threaded portion is screwed and tightened with the fastening thread, the screw cap portion of the first locking screw stays in the upper edge of the top locking screw hole 910, and the screw shaft portion and the nail head portion of the first locking screw are respectively passed through the top locking screw hole 910 and implanted into the bone. During the implantation process, the first locking screw and the first plane where the second fixing portion 92 is located form an inclination angle, which is a first horizontal inclination angle α, and the first horizontal inclination angle α ranges from 118 to 123°; the first locking screw and the second plane form an inclination angle, which is a first vertical inclination angle α′, and the first vertical inclination angle α′ ranges from 8 to 12°.

[0036] The middle locking screw hole 911 is specifically composed of a screw hole, which is located in the middle of the upper part of the first fixing part 91. Similarly, the interior of the middle locking screw hole 911 has an upper edge and a lower edge like the interior of the top locking screw hole 910. The middle locking screw hole 911 is used to fit and fix the inner surface of the first fixing part 91 to the femoral neck of the femur through a locking screw;

[0037] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The cross-section of the AA section, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, in a specific embodiment, after the second locking screw passes through the middle locking screw hole 911, the second upper threaded portion of the second locking screw is screwed with the lower edge of the middle locking screw hole 911. As the second upper threaded portion is screwed and tightened with the fastening thread, the screw cap portion of the second locking screw stays in the upper edge of the middle locking screw hole 911, and the screw shaft portion and the nail head portion of the second locking screw are respectively passed through the middle locking screw hole 911 and implanted into the bone. During the implantation process, the second locking screw and the first plane where the second fixing portion 92 is located form an inclination angle, which is the second horizontal inclination angle β; the second horizontal inclination angle β is 125°, and the second horizontal inclination angle β is greater than the first horizontal inclination angle α; the second locking screw and the second plane form an inclination angle, which is the second vertical inclination angle β′, and the second vertical inclination angle β′ is in the same range as the first vertical inclination angle α′.

[0038] The bottom locking screw hole 912 is specifically composed of two adjacent screw holes and is located below the two top locking screw holes 910. Similarly, the interior of the bottom locking screw hole 912 has an upper edge and a lower edge like the interior of the top locking screw hole 910. The bottom locking screw hole 912 is used to fit and fix the inner surface of the first fixing part 91 to the diaphysis of the femur through a locking screw;

[0039] In a specific embodiment, after the third locking screw passes through the bottom locking screw hole 912, the third upper threaded portion of the third locking screw is screwed into the lower edge of the bottom locking screw hole 912. As the third upper threaded portion is screwed and tightened with the fastening thread, the screw cap portion of the third locking screw stays in the upper edge of the bottom locking screw hole 912. The screw shaft portion and the nail head portion of the third locking screw respectively pass through the bottom locking screw hole 912 and are implanted into the bone. During the implantation process, the third locking screw and the first plane where the second fixing portion 92 is located form an inclination angle, which is a third horizontal inclination angle γ, and the third horizontal inclination angle γ ranges from 123 to 128°. The third horizontal inclination angle γ is greater than the first horizontal inclination angle α, and the third horizontal inclination angle γ is greater than the second horizontal inclination angle β; the third locking screw and the second plane form an inclination angle, which is a third vertical inclination angle γ′, and the third vertical inclination angle γ′ has the same range as the first vertical inclination angle α′.

[0040] The positioning hole 913 is composed of a circular hole, which is specifically arranged between the top locking screw hole 910 and the middle locking screw hole 911, on the other side opposite to the middle locking screw hole 911, and on the other side opposite to the bottom locking screw hole 912. The aperture of the positioning hole 913 is smaller than the aperture of the locking screw hole. The positioning hole 913 is used for temporary fixation of the proximal femoral special-shaped block during surgery or for threading sutures or cables.

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The cross-section of the CC section. Figure 5 for Figure 1 Cross-section of the DD section; combined Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the radius of curvature of the arc-shaped surface of the inner surface of the first fixing portion 91 extending from the top to the middle gradually increases. Specifically, the radius of curvature of the bottom edge of the horizontal section between the top locking screw hole 910 and the middle locking screw hole 911 is R1, and the value range is 35 to 40 mm; the radius of curvature of the bottom edge of the horizontal section at the top locking screw hole 910 is R2, and the value range is 22 to 27 mm.

[0042] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The cross-section of the BB part, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the outer surface of the second fixing portion 92 is configured as an arcuate surface with a certain curvature, and two fixing screw holes 920 are arranged in the arcuate surface, and are arranged at a certain distance along the long axis direction of the second fixing portion 92. The interior of the fixing screw hole 920 is specifically composed of an upper edge 9201 and a lower edge 9202. The surface of the upper edge 9201 is a smooth curved surface that matches the upper screw connection portion of the locking screw, and the surface of the lower edge 9202 is provided with a fastening thread. The aperture of the fixing screw hole 920 is the same as the aperture of the locking screw hole; the inner surface of the second fixing portion 92 that fits with the femoral shaft is also configured as an arcuate surface with a certain curvature. The curvature of the inner surface of the second fixing portion 92 can be adapted according to different patients and different fracture sites. The proximal femoral shaped block is made to fit the femoral surface more closely; the side surfaces of the second fixing portion 92 are respectively provided with a first connecting rod connecting screw hole 921 and a second connecting rod connecting screw hole 922, the first connecting rod connecting screw hole 921 and the second connecting rod connecting screw hole 922 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixing screw hole 920, and the second fixing portion 92 firmly fixes the connecting rod 2 inside the first connecting rod connecting screw hole 921 and the second connecting rod connecting screw hole 922 by means of a locking screw 1; a cross hole 922 is provided at the intersection of the first connecting rod connecting screw hole 921, the second connecting rod connecting screw hole 922 and the fixing screw hole 920, and the cross hole 922 is mainly used to squeeze the connecting rod 2 by means of a locking screw, so as to fix the connecting rod 2 inside the second fixing portion 92;

[0043] The first connecting rod connecting screw hole 921 is located at the left side of the side of the second fixing portion 92, and the aperture of the first connecting rod connecting screw hole 921 is a first aperture D1;

[0044] The second connecting rod connecting screw hole 922 is located at the right side of the side of the second fixing portion 92, and the aperture of the second connecting rod connecting screw hole 922 is a second aperture D2;

[0045] The first aperture D1 and the second aperture D2 are equal or different, and the different apertures of the first connecting rod connecting screw hole 921 and the second connecting rod connecting screw hole 922 are specially designed to better fit the bone shape and characteristics of Asians.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the connecting rod 2 is inserted into the connecting rod connecting screw hole 921. When the fourth locking screw passes through the fixing screw hole 920, the fourth upper threaded portion of the fourth locking screw is screwed with the lower edge 9202 of the fixing screw hole 920. As the fourth upper threaded portion is screwed and tightened with the fastening thread, the screw cap portion of the fourth locking screw stays in the upper edge 9201 of the fixing screw hole 920 and squeezes the connecting rod connecting screw hole 921 to fix the connecting rod 2 and the second fixing portion 92. The screw portion and the nail head portion of the fourth locking screw are respectively passed through the fixing screw hole 920 and implanted into the bone.

[0047] The above is an introduction to the various components of the proximal femoral special-shaped block provided in the embodiment of the present invention and the connection relationship between them. Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 , the use of the proximal femoral special-shaped block is described in detail:

[0048] When doctors use the proximal femoral shaped block to fix the fracture site during femoral fracture surgery, the locking screw 1 and the connecting rod 2 need to be used together. The process of combined use is described in detail below.

[0049] In a specific femoral fracture surgery, the doctor aligns and fits the first fixing portion 91 of the proximal femoral shaped block with the bone surface of the top of the femur, and respectively inserts the locking screws into the two adjacent top locking screw holes 910, the middle locking screw hole 911 and the two adjacent bottom locking screw holes 912. After the locking screws are inserted into the locking screw holes, the upper screw connection portion of the locking screw is screwed with the lower edge of the locking screw hole. As the upper screw connection portion is screwed and tightened with the fastening thread, the screw cap portion of the locking screw stays in the upper edge of the locking screw hole, and the screw shaft and the nail head of the locking screw are respectively inserted through the locking screw holes and implanted into the bone. Finally, the first fixing portion 91 of the proximal femoral shaped block is fixed to the bone surface of the top of the femur. On, the two connecting rods 2 are respectively inserted into the connecting rod connecting screw holes 321, and the locking screws are respectively passed through the fixing screw holes 920. After the locking screws pass through the fixing screw holes 920, the upper threaded portion of the locking screw is screwed with the lower edge 9202 of the fixing screw hole 920. As the upper threaded portion is screwed and tightened with the fastening thread, the screw cap portion of the locking screw stays in the upper edge 9201 of the fixing screw hole 920, squeezing the connecting rod connecting screw hole 921 while consolidating the connecting rod 2 and the second fixing portion 92 through the cross hole 922. The screw portion and the nail head of the locking screw are respectively passed through the fixing screw holes 920 and implanted into the bone. At this point, the proximal femoral special-shaped block is completely fixed to the proximal femur.

[0050] A proximal femoral special-shaped block provided in an embodiment of the present invention has an integrally formed design, a curved surface with better adhesion performance, and a spatial structure with cross-locking achieved by fixing screw holes in the same orientation, so that the force is more uniform, thereby avoiding concentrated compression on the femur, ensuring blood circulation, and improving the patient's comfort.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiment, it is still possible for a person skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiment or to replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A proximal femoral special-shaped block, characterized in that: The proximal femoral shaped block is a plate-like structure, and the proximal femoral shaped block specifically comprises: a first fixing portion and a second fixing portion, wherein the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion are connected: The inner surface of the first fixing part is an arcuate surface, which matches the curved surface of the upper end of the femur and is fixed to the top end; the first fixing part includes: Two adjacent top locking screw holes are located on the upper part of the first fixing part, the interior of the top locking screw hole is specifically composed of an upper edge part and a lower edge part, the surface of the upper edge part is a smooth curved surface, and the surface of the lower edge part is provided with a fastening thread, when the first locking screw passes through the top locking screw hole, the first upper screw connection part of the first locking screw is screwed with the top locking screw hole, and the inclination angle of the plane where the first locking screw and the second fixing part are located is a first horizontal inclination angle; a middle locking screw hole, located in the middle of the upper part of the first fixing part; when the second locking screw passes through the middle locking screw hole, the second upper screw-connecting part of the second locking screw is screwed with the middle locking screw hole; the inclination angle between the second locking screw and the plane where the second fixing part is located is a second horizontal inclination angle; the second horizontal inclination angle is greater than the first horizontal inclination angle; Two adjacent bottom locking screw holes are located below the two top locking screw holes. When the third locking screw passes through the bottom locking screw hole, the third upper screw connection portion of the third locking screw is screwed with the bottom locking screw hole. The inclination angle of the plane where the third locking screw and the second fixing portion are located is a third horizontal inclination angle; the third horizontal inclination angle is greater than the first horizontal inclination angle. The first horizontal inclination angle ranges from 118 to 123°, the second horizontal inclination angle is 125°, and the third horizontal inclination angle ranges from 123 to 128°; The second fixing portion includes: A fixing screw hole, located on the surface of the second fixing portion; The connecting rod connecting screw hole is located on the side of the second fixing part; the connecting rod is inserted into the connecting rod connecting screw hole, and when the fourth locking screw passes through the fixing screw hole, the fourth upper threaded portion of the fourth locking screw is threadedly connected with the fixing screw hole, thereby squeezing the connecting rod connecting screw hole to fix the connecting rod and the second fixing part.

2. The proximal femoral special-shaped block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fixing portion also has one or more positioning holes for temporarily fixing the proximal femoral shaped block during surgery or for threading sutures or cables.

3. The proximal femoral special-shaped block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first locking screw, the second locking screw and the third locking screw have the same inclination angle with the normal of the plane where the second fixing portion is located, and the inclination angle ranges from 8 to 12 degrees.

4. The proximal femoral special-shaped block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curvature radius of the bottom edge of the horizontal section of the first fixing portion between the top locking screw hole and the middle locking screw hole is R1, and the value range of R1 is 35 to 40 mm; The curvature radius of the bottom edge of the horizontal section of the first fixing portion located at the top locking screw hole is R2, and the value range of R2 is 22 to 27 mm.

5. The proximal femoral special-shaped block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod connecting screw hole specifically includes: a first connecting rod connecting screw hole and a second connecting rod connecting screw hole; The diameter of the first connecting rod connecting screw hole and the diameter of the second connecting rod connecting screw hole are equal or different.

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