A zero-backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a zero backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device, comprising a brake mechanism seat, a brake plate, a driving device, a connecting rod, a driving block, a clamping column and a reset device; a brake plate is installed on one side of the brake mechanism seat, a first sliding cavity is provided on the brake mechanism seat, and a second sliding cavity connected to the first sliding cavity is provided on the side of the brake mechanism seat provided with the brake plate; the driving device is installed on the brake mechanism seat, the driving device is connected to the driving block through a connecting rod, and the driving device can drive the driving block to move in the first sliding cavity; a driving surface is provided on the side of the driving block facing the second sliding cavity, the clamping column is placed in the second sliding cavity and connected to the brake mechanism seat through the reset device, and the clamping column is provided with a force-bearing surface in contact with the driving surface. The brake device disclosed by the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient control, good braking effect, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool spindle brakes, and in particular to a zero-backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device. Background Art

[0002] The spindle of the existing CNC machine tool needs to be equipped with a braking device to brake the spindle to meet the different processing requirements of the CNC machine tool. The existing machine tool spindle braking device generally adopts a disc brake, which includes a brake disc, a brake caliper body, a piston and a friction block. The brake disc is installed on the spindle, and the brake caliper body is connected with an oil pipeline, which can drive the piston to move. The friction block is installed on the piston. Under the drive of hydraulic oil, the friction block on the piston can contact the brake disc to achieve the braking of the machine tool spindle. This structure makes the brake device complex and inconvenient to install and maintain. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a zero-backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device, which solves the problems of complex structure and inconvenient control of the existing spindle brake.

[0004] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0005] A zero backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device, comprising a brake mechanism seat, a brake plate, a drive device, a connecting rod, a drive block, a clamping column and a reset device;

[0006] The brake plate is installed on one side of the brake mechanism seat, a first sliding cavity is provided on the brake mechanism seat, and a second sliding cavity communicating with the first sliding cavity is provided on one side of the brake mechanism seat where the brake plate is provided;

[0007] The driving device is installed on the brake mechanism seat, the driving device is connected to the driving block through the connecting rod, and the driving device can drive the driving block to move in the first sliding cavity;

[0008] The driving block is provided with a driving surface on one side facing the second sliding cavity. The clamping column is placed in the second sliding cavity and connected to the brake mechanism seat through the resetting device. The clamping column is provided with a force-bearing surface in contact with the driving surface.

[0009] Furthermore, support ears are provided at both ends of the brake mechanism seat, the connecting rod is connected to the support ears through a rotating shaft, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the driving device, and the other end is connected to the driving block.

[0010] Furthermore, both ends of the brake mechanism seat are provided with limit blocks for automatic centering of both ends of the drive device.

[0011] Furthermore, the length between the position where the connecting rod is connected to the driving device and the center line of the rotating shaft is greater than the length between the position where the connecting rod is connected to the driving block and the center line of the rotating shaft.

[0012] Further, the driving surface includes a first driving surface and a second driving surface, and the slope of the first driving surface is greater than the slope of the second driving surface;

[0013] The clamping column has a first roller built therein, and the cylindrical surface of the first roller is the force-bearing surface.

[0014] Furthermore, a second roller is provided in the first sliding cavity on a side opposite to the side where the clamping column is provided.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a brake disc pressure plate for increasing the contact area with the brake disc, and the brake disc pressure plate is placed between the brake mechanism seat and the brake plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the zero-backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device described in the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient control, and easy maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the zero backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device disclosed in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0019] Figure 3 It is an axial view of the zero backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device disclosed in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Sectional view at CC;

[0021] Figure 5 It is the structural diagram of the brake mechanism seat;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view at AA;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of the zero-backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device disclosed in the present invention when braking;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of the zero-backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device disclosed in the present invention when not braking;

[0025] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged view in the middle dashed circle;

[0026] Fig.10 for Figure 8 Enlarged view in the middle dashed circle;

[0027] Fig.11 This is a partial enlarged view of the driving surface of the driving block.

[0028] In the figure: 1. brake mechanism seat, 10. first slide cavity, 11. second slide cavity, 12. support ear, 13. rotating shaft, 14. cylinder joint, 15. pin shaft, 16. limit block, 17. second roller, 18. through hole, 19. second roller accommodating groove, 2. brake plate, 3. driving device, 30. cylinder joint, 4. connecting rod, 40. long hole, 5. driving block, 50. driving surface, 500. first driving surface, 501. second driving surface, 51. wall of driving block facing the second slide cavity, 6. clamping column, 60. force surface, 61. first roller, 62. driving block slide groove, 63. first roller accommodating groove, 7. reset device, 70. first bolt, 71. spring, 8. brake disc pressure plate, 90. brake disc accommodating cavity, 91. adjusting gasket, 92. second bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 The figure shows a zero backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device disclosed in the present invention, which includes a brake mechanism seat 1, a brake plate 2, a drive device 3, a connecting rod 4, a drive block 5, a clamping column 6 and a reset device 7;

[0030] A plurality of second bolts 92 fix the brake plate 2 to one side of the brake mechanism seat 1, and a brake disc accommodating cavity 90 is formed between the brake mechanism seat 1 and the brake plate 2. Figure 6 As shown, an adjustment gasket 91 is placed between the brake mechanism seat 1 and the brake plate 2 to form a brake disc accommodating cavity 90 therebetween. An arc-shaped brake disc (not shown) is mounted on the main shaft and partially placed in the brake disc accommodating cavity.

[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, the brake mechanism seat 1 is provided with a first sliding cavity 10, and the brake mechanism seat 1 is provided with a second sliding cavity 11 communicating with the first sliding cavity 10 on one side of the brake plate 2;

[0032] The driving device 3 is installed on the brake mechanism seat 1, and the driving device 3 is connected to the driving block 5 through the connecting rod 4. The driving device 3 can drive the driving block 5 to move in the first sliding cavity 10; specifically, in this embodiment, the driving device 3 adopts a cylinder, and the cylinder is connected to one end of the connecting rod through a pin shaft. The end of the brake mechanism seat 1 is provided with a supporting ear 12, and the connecting rod 4 is installed on the supporting ear 12 through a rotating shaft 13. The other end of the connecting rod 4 is provided with a long hole 40 and is connected to the end of the driving block 5 through a pin shaft 15. The driving block 5 is partially placed in the first sliding cavity 10. , the cylinder can drive the connecting rod to rotate around the rotating shaft, thereby realizing the reciprocating motion of the driving block in the first sliding cavity. Preferably, the brake mechanism seat 1 is provided with support ears 12 at both ends, and a connecting rod 4 is connected to both ends of the cylinder, that is, the cylinder barrel end is directly connected to the connecting rod through a pin, and the piston rod end of the cylinder is connected to the cylinder joint 14, and the cylinder joint 14 is connected to the connecting rod through a pin. The cylinder is installed on the brake mechanism seat 1 through the connecting rods 4 at both ends, and the connecting rod 4 is connected to the support ears 12 through a rotating shaft 13. One end of the connecting rod 4 is connected to the cylinder, and the other end is connected to the driving block 5. The driving device 3 can drive the connecting rod 4 to rotate around the rotating shaft 13. When the connecting rod 4 rotates around the rotating shaft 13, the pin 13 at one end connected to the driving block 5 can slide in the long strip hole 40, thereby driving the driving block 5 to move in the first sliding cavity 10. In this embodiment, the driving device adopts a cylinder structure, and the cylinder is directly connected to the connecting rod to drive the connecting rod to rotate and thereby realize the reciprocating motion of the driving block in the first sliding cavity. The driving device in the present invention can also adopt other driving devices such as hydraulic cylinders or the cylinder (hydraulic cylinder) can be connected to the connecting rod through a transmission device to drive the connecting rod to rotate.

[0033] The driving block 5 is provided with a driving surface 50 on a side wall surface 51 facing the second sliding cavity 11, and the second sliding cavity 50 is provided with the clamping column 6. In this embodiment, the clamping column 6 is a cylindrical structure, and the clamping column 6 is provided with a driving block slide groove 62 that allows the driving block 5 to slide in the clamping column 6. The clamping column 6 is connected to the brake mechanism seat 1 through the reset device 7. In this embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the reset device 7 includes a second bolt 70 and a spring 71. A through hole 18 (stepped hole) is provided on the brake mechanism seat 1 on the side opposite to the second slide cavity 11. The second bolt 70 passes through the through hole 18 and is connected to the clamping column 6. The spring 71 is sleeved on the second bolt 70. The clamping column 6 is provided with a force surface 60 in contact with the driving surface 50. When the driving device 3 drives the driving block 5 to move in the first slide cavity 10 through the connecting rod 4, the driving surface 50 interacts with the force surface 60, so that the clamping column 6 can move in the second slide cavity 11. Specifically, as shown in FIG. Figure 7The figure shows a schematic diagram of the operation of the zero backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device disclosed in the present invention when braking. When braking is required, the cylinder and the piston rod move to both sides under the action of air pressure (in the direction indicated by the arrow EE in the figure), thereby driving the connecting rods at both ends to rotate around the rotating shaft (in the direction indicated by the arrow M in the figure), and the other end of the connecting rod drives the driving block to move toward the middle of the brake mechanism seat in the first sliding cavity (indicated by the arrow FF in the figure). When the driving block moves toward the middle of the brake mechanism seat, the driving surface on the driving block drives the clamping column to move toward the side of the brake disc accommodating cavity through the force-bearing surface on the clamping column (in the direction indicated by the arrow N in the figure), so that the clamping column can interact with the brake disc in the brake disc accommodating cavity to achieve braking. Figure 8 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the operation of the zero backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device disclosed in the present invention when the brake is canceled. When the brake is not needed, the cylinder and the piston rod move toward the center (in the direction indicated by the arrow E1-E1 in the figure), thereby driving the connecting rods at both ends to rotate around the rotating shaft (in the direction indicated by the arrow M1 in the figure), and the other end of the connecting rod drives the driving block to move toward the two ends of the brake mechanism seat in the first sliding cavity (indicated by the arrow F1 in the figure). When the driving block moves toward the two ends of the brake mechanism seat, the force of the driving surface acting on the force-bearing surface is eliminated, and the clamping column moves to the side away from the brake disc under the action of the reset device (in the direction indicated by the arrow N1 in the figure), so that the clamping column is separated from the brake disc, thereby canceling the braking action.

[0034] In this embodiment, since both ends of the driving device are installed on the brake mechanism seat through connecting rods, and both ends of the brake mechanism seat are provided with structures such as driving blocks and clamping blocks, when the brake device is working, the clamping blocks at both ends act on the brake disc, ensuring the uniformity of the force on the brake disc. At the same time, the area of ​​action with the brake disc can be increased to improve the braking effect.

[0035] Furthermore, if Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the brake mechanism seat 1 is also provided with limit blocks 16 at both ends for automatic centering of the drive device 3. In this embodiment, the limit blocks 16 are arranged in the support ears 12. Figure 8 As shown, when the brake device cancels the braking action, since both ends of the cylinder are installed on the brake mechanism seat through a connecting rod, when the cylinder is reset, one end of the cylinder (cylinder barrel or piston rod) will move toward the middle first, and a limit block is provided so that the connecting rod at the end that moves first rotates a certain angle and then abuts against the limit block (limiting the horizontal movement stroke of one end of the cylinder), and then the other end of the cylinder moves toward the middle until the connecting rod abuts against the limit block. The provision of a limit block can ensure that the two ends of the cylinder have the same movement stroke, and then the cylinder and the drive block can be automatically aligned, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the movement of the brake device and improving the braking effect.

[0036] Furthermore, if Figure 1As shown, the length between the position where the connecting rod 4 is connected to the driving device 3 and the center line of the rotating shaft 13 ( Figure 1 L1) is greater than the length between the position where the connecting rod 4 is connected to the driving block 5 and the center line of the rotating shaft 13 ( Figure 1 L2), that is, the connecting rod, the rotating shaft and the supporting ear form a lever structure, through which the output force of the driving device can be amplified, thereby increasing the force of the clamping column acting on the brake disc and improving the braking effect.

[0037] Furthermore, if Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the driving surface 50 includes a first driving surface 500 and a second driving surface 501. The slope of the first driving surface 500 (the slope of the first driving surface is the angle between the first driving surface and the wall surface 51 of the driving block facing the second sliding cavity, Fig.11 The middle angle r2) is greater than the slope of the second driving surface 501 (the slope of the second driving surface is the angle between the second driving surface and the wall surface 51 of the driving block facing the second sliding cavity, Fig.11 The clamping column 6 has a first roller 61 built in, and the cylindrical surface of the first roller 61 is the force-bearing surface 60. Specifically, a first roller receiving groove 63 for placing the first roller 61 is provided on the bottom surface of the driving block slide 62. The direction of the first roller receiving groove is perpendicular to the direction of the driving block slide. The depth of the first roller receiving groove 63 is less than the diameter of the first roller 61, so that when the first roller is placed in the first roller receiving groove, part of the first roller is placed outside the first roller receiving groove, and the cylindrical surface of the first roller can contact the driving surface, such as Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, when the driving block moves toward the center of the brake mechanism seat under the drive of the driving device (in the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure), the first driving surface first acts on the first roller. Since the first driving surface has a large slope, the clamping column can quickly move toward the brake disc and brake the brake disc in the initial stage, thereby improving the response speed. Fig.10 As shown, when the drive block continues to move toward the middle of the brake mechanism seat, the second drive surface acts on the first roller, and the slope of the second drive surface is smaller than the slope of the first drive surface, so that when the second drive surface acts on the first roller, the force of the second drive surface and the first roller will produce a larger component force perpendicular to the surface of the brake disc (force amplification), thereby increasing the force between the clamping column and the brake disc, improving the braking effect, and at the same time, a smaller slope can achieve mechanical self-locking. Therefore, there is no need for the drive device to continuously output driving force to the outside, saving energy. In the present application, since the drive surface is provided with the first drive surface and the second drive surface, the brake device has a faster response speed, can achieve rapid braking of the brake disc, and at the same time has a larger braking force, which improves the braking effect of the brake disc.

[0038] Furthermore, if Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a second roller 17 is also provided on the side of the first sliding cavity 10 opposite to the clamping column 6. Specifically, a second roller accommodating groove 19 is provided on the side of the first sliding cavity opposite to the clamping column. The direction of the second roller accommodating groove is perpendicular to the movement direction of the driving block. The depth of the second roller accommodating groove is smaller than the diameter of the second roller. The second roller is placed in the second roller accommodating groove and partially exposed from the second roller accommodating groove. The driving block contacts the second roller on one side facing the second roller, so that when the driving block moves in the first sliding cavity, the driving block is in line contact with the first sliding cavity, which can reduce the resistance of the driving block during movement and ensure the smooth movement of the driving block.

[0039] Furthermore, if Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The figure also includes a brake disc pressure plate 8 for increasing the contact area with the brake disc, the brake disc pressure plate 8 is placed between the brake mechanism seat 1 and the brake plate 2, and the brake disc is placed between the brake disc pressure plate and the brake plate. When the clamping column brakes under the action of the driving block, the clamping block first acts on the brake disc pressure plate, so that the brake disc pressure plate acts on the brake disc, and then brakes. Due to the addition of the brake disc pressure plate, the action area of ​​the brake device and the brake disc is increased, thereby ensuring the braking effect.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A zero-backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device, characterized in that: It comprises a brake mechanism seat (1), a brake plate (2), a driving device (3), a connecting rod (4), a driving block (5), a clamping column (6) and a reset device (7); The brake plate (2) is installed on one side of the brake mechanism seat (1), a first sliding cavity (10) is provided on the brake mechanism seat (1), and a second sliding cavity (11) communicating with the first sliding cavity (10) is provided on one side of the brake mechanism seat (1) on which the brake plate (2) is provided; The driving device (3) is mounted on the brake mechanism seat (1), the driving device (3) is connected to the driving block (5) via the connecting rod (4), and the driving device (3) can drive the driving block (5) to move in the first sliding cavity (10); The driving block (5) is provided with a driving surface (50) on the side facing the second sliding cavity (11), the clamping column (6) is placed in the second sliding cavity (11) and is connected to the brake mechanism seat (1) through the reset device (7), and the clamping column (6) is provided with a force-bearing surface (60) in contact with the driving surface (50).

2. The zero-backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the brake mechanism seat (1) are provided with support ears (12), the connecting rod (4) is connected to the support ears (12) via a rotating shaft (13), one end of the connecting rod (4) is connected to the driving device (3), and the other end is connected to the driving block (5).

3. The zero-backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Limit blocks (16) for automatically centering the two ends of the drive device are also provided at both ends of the brake mechanism seat (1).

4. The zero-backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The length between the position where the connecting rod (4) is connected to the driving device (3) and the center line of the rotating shaft (13) is greater than the length between the position where the connecting rod (4) is connected to the driving block (5) and the center line of the rotating shaft (13).

5. The zero-backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving surface (50) comprises a first driving surface (500) and a second driving surface (501), and the slope of the first driving surface (500) is greater than the slope of the second driving surface (501); The clamping column (6) has a first roller (61) built into it, and the cylindrical surface of the first roller (61) serves as the force-bearing surface (60).

6. The zero-backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second roller (17) is also provided in the first sliding cavity (10) on the side opposite to the clamping column (6).

7. The zero-backlash automatic centering pneumatic brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a brake disc pressure plate (8) for increasing the contact area with the brake disc, and the brake disc pressure plate (8) is placed between the brake mechanism seat (1) and the brake disc (2).

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