A craniotomy device for neurological surgery

Abstract

The present invention provides a craniotome for neurological surgery, belonging to the technical field of medical devices. The craniotome includes a handle, a mounting head fixedly connected to the handle, a drill tooth rotatably connected to the mounting head, a micro motor arranged in the mounting head, and a rotating drum splined to the output shaft of the micro motor, the lower end of the rotating drum has a boss, the drill tooth sleeve is arranged on the boss, the positioning component 1 includes a plug, a limiting protrusion arranged on the side of the plug away from the rotation direction of the drill tooth, and a magnetic unit 1 buried in the top of the plug, the positioning component 2 includes a socket, a limiting block arranged at the opening of the socket, and a magnetic unit 2 buried in the rotating drum at the bottom of the socket, the bottom of the socket has a guide slope 1, and the limiting protrusion has a guide slope 2 matched with the guide slope 1. The present invention has the advantages of being able to improve safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments and relates to a craniotomy device for neurological surgery. Background Art

[0002] Neurological surgery often requires craniotomy. During craniotomy, a positioning needle is used to locate the skull, and then the drill teeth are used to make a circular cut on the site to be opened. The brain tissue within the skull is sensitive and easily damaged. When the drill teeth cut to the last part of the skull, the relative resistance between the skull and the drill teeth decreases instantly, and the operator is unable to react in a short period of time, causing the drill teeth to act on the brain tissue inside the skull, resulting in unnecessary surgical risks.

[0003] Furthermore, when craniotomy is about to be performed, the high-speed rotation of the drill teeth is not conducive to the positioning of the positioning needle and the reconfirmation of the craniotomy position, and is also prone to cause brain damage and errors in the craniotomy position. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a craniotomy for neurological surgery in view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to enable the drill teeth to retract rapidly when the resistance is reduced, thereby improving the safety of craniotomy.

[0005] The object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a craniotome for neurological surgery, characterized in that the craniotome comprises a handle, a mounting head fixedly connected to the handle, a drill tooth rotatably connected to the mounting head, a micro motor arranged in the mounting head and a rotating drum splined to the output shaft of the micro motor, the lower end of the rotating drum has a boss, the drill tooth is sleeved on the boss, the upper end of the drill tooth has a plurality of positioning components one evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, the rotating drum has a positioning component two evenly arranged in the circumferential direction and corresponding to each positioning component one by one, The first positioning component comprises a plug, a limiting protrusion arranged on the side of the plug away from the rotation direction of the drill teeth, and a magnetic unit 1 buried in the top of the plug; the second positioning component comprises a socket, a limiting block arranged at the opening of the socket, and a magnetic unit 2 buried in the rotating drum at the bottom of the socket; the bottom of the socket has a guiding slope 1, and the limiting protrusion has a guiding slope 2 matched with the guiding slope 1; the mutual cooperation of the guiding slope 1 and the guiding slope 2 can drive the drill teeth away from the rotating drum along the direction of the drill tooth axis when the rotation speed of the rotating drum in the forward direction is greater than the rotation speed of the drill teeth;

[0006] The magnetic poles of the magnetic unit 1 and the magnetic unit 2 are both distributed longitudinally. When the plug is located at the bottom of the socket, the magnetic force of attraction between the magnetic unit 1 and the magnetic unit 2 is the largest.

[0007] In the above-mentioned craniotomy for neurological surgery, the opening of the socket allows the plug and the limiting protrusion provided on the plug to be separated from the socket.

[0008] In the above-mentioned craniotomy for neurological surgery, magnetic unit three and magnetic unit four are distributed at the lower end of the rotating cylinder and the upper end of the drill tooth. When magnetic unit one and magnetic unit two are facing each other, magnetic unit three and magnetic unit four are also facing each other and attract each other.

[0009] In the above-mentioned craniotomy for neurological surgery, the magnetic unit one, magnetic unit two, magnetic unit three and magnetic unit four are all permanent magnetic strips.

[0010] In the above-mentioned craniotomy for neurological surgery, the magnetic unit one, magnetic unit two, magnetic unit three and magnetic unit four are all bar-shaped electromagnets.

[0011] In the above-mentioned craniotomy device for neurological surgery, the lower end of the boss is rotatably connected to a positioning needle.

[0012] In the above-mentioned craniotomy for neurological surgery, an auxiliary holding block perpendicular to the handle is fixedly provided on the mounting head.

[0013] In the above-mentioned craniotomy device for neurological surgery, the lower end of the mounting head is slidably connected to a positioning outer ring, and a return spring is connected between the positioning outer ring and the mounting head.

[0014] The principle of this craniotomy is as follows: at the beginning of craniotomy, the positioning outer ring at the lower end of the mounting head is pressed against the part to be opened for preliminary positioning, and the micro-motor is started. The pushing depth of the drill teeth can be achieved by adjusting the pressing force. When the resistance received by the drill teeth is large, the drill teeth overcome the adsorption force between the magnetic unit 1 and the magnetic unit 2, and the adsorption force between the magnetic unit 3 and the magnetic unit 4, and the plug moves relative to the jack. Under the action of the guide bevel 1 and the guide bevel 2, the drill teeth move downward relative to the rotating cylinder, and the drill teeth drill and cut the annular area outside the positioning pin. When the resistance received by the drill teeth is reduced instantly, such as when the skull is about to be drilled or most of the skull has been cut, the drill teeth are instantly close to the rotating cylinder due to the interaction of the magnetic components 1, 2, 3 and 4, that is, the drill teeth instantly retract to avoid damage to the brain tissue in the skull caused by the drill teeth. Of course, this craniotomy can also have the above effect when the cutting tissue changes during other surgical operations.

[0015] The drill teeth of the craniotomy device can be easily taken out when the attraction force is overcome, so the device is convenient for cleaning and installation, and the drill teeth will not fall off during use and taking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present craniotomy device.

[0017] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the states of positioning component one and positioning component two of the craniotomy device during the cutting process.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the states of positioning component one and positioning component two of the craniotomy device before the drill teeth are retracted.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the states of positioning component one and positioning component two of the craniotomy device after the drill teeth are retracted.

[0020] In the figure, 1. handle; 2. mounting head; 3. drill teeth; 31. plug; 32. limit protrusion; 33. magnetic unit one; 34. guide slope two; 35. magnetic unit four; 4. rotating drum; 41. socket; 42. limit block; 43. magnetic unit two; 44. guide slope one; 45. magnetic unit three; 51. boss; 52. positioning pin; 53. auxiliary holding block; 54. positioning outer ring; 55. reset spring; 6. micro motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the craniotomy device includes a handle 1, a mounting head 2 fixedly connected to the handle 1, a drill tooth 3 rotatably connected to the mounting head 2, a micro motor 6 arranged in the mounting head 2, and a rotating drum 4 splined to the output shaft of the micro motor 6, the lower end of the rotating drum 4 has a boss 51, the drill tooth 3 is sleeved on the boss 51, and the upper end of the drill tooth 3 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of positioning components 1 in the circumferential direction, and the rotating drum 4 has a positioning component 2 that is uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction and corresponds to each positioning component one by one, and the positioning component 1 includes a plug 31, which is arranged on the side of the plug 31 away from the rotation direction of the drill tooth 3. The limiting protrusion 32 and the magnetic unit 1 33 buried in the top of the plug 31, the positioning component 2 includes a socket 41, a limiting block 42 arranged at the opening of the socket 41 and a magnetic unit 2 43 buried in the rotating drum 4 at the bottom of the socket 41, the bottom of the socket 41 has a guiding inclined surface 1 44, and the limiting protrusion 32 has a guiding inclined surface 2 34 matched with the guiding inclined surface 1 44; the mutual cooperation of the guiding inclined surface 1 44 and the guiding inclined surface 2 34 can drive the drilling tooth 3 away from the rotating drum 4 along the axial direction of the drilling tooth 3 when the rotation speed of the rotating drum 4 in the forward direction is greater than the rotation speed of the drilling tooth 3;

[0023] The magnetic poles of the magnetic unit 1 33 and the magnetic unit 2 43 are both distributed longitudinally. When the plug 31 is located at the bottom of the plug hole 41, the magnetic force of attraction between the magnetic unit 1 33 and the magnetic unit 2 43 is the largest.

[0024] The opening of the insertion hole 41 allows the plug 31 and the limiting protrusion 32 provided on the plug 31 to be separated from the insertion hole 41 .

[0025] Magnetic unit three 45 and magnetic unit four 35 are distributed at the lower end of the rotating drum 4 and the upper end of the drill tooth 3. When the magnetic unit one 33 and the magnetic unit two 43 face each other, the magnetic unit three 45 and the magnetic unit four 35 also face each other and attract each other.

[0026] Magnetic unit one 33, magnetic unit two 43, magnetic unit three 45 and magnetic unit four 35 are all permanent magnetic strips.

[0027] As another possibility, magnetic unit one 33, magnetic unit two 43, magnetic unit three 45 and magnetic unit four 35 are all bar-shaped electromagnets.

[0028] The lower end of the boss 51 is rotatably connected to a positioning pin 52. An auxiliary holding block 53 perpendicular to the handle 1 is fixedly arranged on the mounting head 2.

[0029] A positioning outer ring 54 is slidably connected to the lower end of the mounting head 2 , and a return spring 55 is connected between the positioning outer ring 54 and the mounting head 2 .

[0030] The principle of the present craniotomy device is as follows: at the beginning of craniotomy, the positioning outer ring 54 at the lower end of the mounting head 2 is pressed against the part to be craniotomy for preliminary positioning, the micro-motor 6 is started, and the pushing depth of the drill tooth 3 can be achieved by adjusting the pressing force. When the resistance received by the drill tooth 3 is large, the drill tooth 3 overcomes the adsorption force between the magnetic unit 1 33 and the magnetic unit 2 43, and the adsorption force between the magnetic unit 3 45 and the magnetic unit 4 35, and the plug 31 moves relative to the jack 41. Under the action of the guide bevel 1 44 and the guide bevel 2 34, the drill tooth 3 moves downward relative to the rotating cylinder 4, and the drill tooth 3 drills and cuts the annular area outside the positioning pin 52. When the resistance received by the drill tooth 3 is reduced instantly, such as when the skull is about to be drilled or most of the skull has been cut, the drill tooth 3 is instantly close to the rotating cylinder 4 due to the interaction of the magnetic component 1, the magnetic component 2, the magnetic component 3 and the magnetic component 4, that is, the drill tooth 3 instantly retracts to prevent the drill tooth 3 from causing damage to the brain tissue in the skull. Of course, this craniotomy device can also have the above-mentioned effect when changes occur in the cut tissue during other surgical operations.

[0031] The drill teeth 3 of the craniotomy device can be easily taken out when the attraction force is overcome, so it is convenient for cleaning and installation, and the drill teeth 3 will not fall off during use and taking.

[0032] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A craniotomy device for neurological surgery, characterized in that: The craniotomy device comprises a handle (1), a mounting head (2) fixedly connected to the handle (1), a drill tooth (3) rotatably connected to the mounting head (2), a micro motor (6) arranged in the mounting head (2), and a rotating drum (4) spline-connected to the output shaft of the micro motor (6), wherein the lower end of the rotating drum (4) comprises a boss (51), the drill tooth (3) is sleeved on the boss (51), the upper end of the drill tooth (3) is uniformly distributed with a plurality of positioning components (1) in the circumferential direction, the rotating drum (4) is provided with positioning components (2) uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction and corresponding to each positioning component one by one, the positioning component one comprises a plug (31), a limiter (31) arranged on the side of the plug (31) away from the rotation direction of the drill tooth (3) The second positioning component comprises a socket (41), a stop block (42) disposed at an opening of the socket (41), and a second magnetic unit (43) buried in a rotating drum (4) at the bottom of the socket (41); the bottom of the socket (41) has a first guiding slope (44); the stop block (32) has a second guiding slope (34) cooperating with the first guiding slope (44); the cooperation between the first guiding slope (44) and the second guiding slope (34) enables the rotating drum (4) to rotate forward at a speed greater than the speed of the drill tooth (3), thereby driving the drill tooth (3) away from the rotating drum (4) along the axial direction of the drill tooth (3); The magnetic poles of the magnetic unit 1 (33) and the magnetic unit 2 (43) are both distributed longitudinally. When the plug (31) is located at the bottom of the socket (41), the magnetic force of attraction between the magnetic unit 1 (33) and the magnetic unit 2 (43) is the largest. The opening of the socket (41) allows the plug (31) and the limiting protrusion (32) provided on the plug (31) to be separated from the socket (41). The magnetic unit 3 (45) and the magnetic unit 4 (35) are distributed at the lower end of the rotating drum (4) and the upper end of the drill tooth (3). When the magnetic unit 1 (33) and the magnetic unit 2 (43) are facing each other, the magnetic unit 3 (45) and the magnetic unit 4 (35) are also facing each other and attract each other. The lower end of the boss (51) is rotatably connected to a positioning pin (52).

2. A craniotomy device for neurological surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic unit one (33), magnetic unit two (43), magnetic unit three (45) and magnetic unit four (35) are all permanent magnetic strips.

3. A craniotomy device for neurological surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic unit one (33), magnetic unit two (43), magnetic unit three (45) and magnetic unit four (35) are all bar-shaped electromagnets.

4. A craniotomy device for neurological surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary holding block (53) perpendicular to the handle (1) is fixedly arranged on the mounting head (2).

5. A craniotomy device for neurological surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the mounting head (2) is slidably connected to a positioning outer ring (54), and a return spring (55) is connected between the positioning outer ring (54) and the mounting head (2).

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