A clean incineration device for domestic garbage in villages and towns

Abstract

A clean incineration device for domestic waste in villages and towns, comprising an incinerator body, the side wall of the incinerator body is provided with a waste inlet, the upper part of the side wall of the incinerator body is provided with a smoke outlet, the bottom of the incinerator body is provided with a slag outlet and a primary air inlet, and the side wall of the incinerator body is provided with a secondary air inlet; a plasma flame generator is provided at the bottom and surrounding of the incinerator body, and the plasma flame generator is connected to the incinerator body through the primary air inlet and / or the secondary air inlet. The present invention utilizes plasma flame flow to greatly improve the combustion efficiency and burnout rate of domestic waste, solving the dilemma of clean incineration of domestic waste in towns and villages; the present invention has a simple structure and low investment cost, and can reduce and harmlessly treat domestic waste in towns and villages at a relatively low cost, solving the current problems of large land occupation and severe environmental pollution caused by domestic waste landfill.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a domestic waste incineration device, in particular to a domestic waste clean incineration device for villages and towns. Background Art

[0002] As people's living standards improve, the amount of garbage generated is increasing year by year. So far, the phenomenon of random dumping of garbage and garbage surrounding villages has not been completely solved. According to statistics from the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the annual amount of urban garbage collected and transported in my country is 179 million tons, and the annual amount of rural garbage generated is about 150 million tons. The urban garbage disposal rate is about 90%, but the rural garbage disposal rate is only about 50%.

[0003] Many villages and towns in rural areas collect garbage, compress it, and transport it to remote mountainous areas for landfill, which is the main way to deal with rural garbage. Landfill treatment technology is simple and has a large treatment capacity, but landfill has high requirements for site selection. For areas where towns and villages are far apart and the population is dispersed, the cost of garbage collection and landfill treatment is huge, resulting in only the garbage collected and transported in a centralized manner being effectively treated. A few areas have simple and small-scale garbage incineration devices for garbage reduction, but due to the simple equipment, inaccurate garbage combustion temperature control, and incomplete flue gas treatment, large-scale air pollution has occurred, and most of them have been idle. Among the small-scale garbage incineration devices in towns and villages, the fully mixed combustion garbage incinerator is a widely used garbage incineration equipment. Its structure is described in patent documents such as the small incinerator disclosed in CN201520943232.0, the small incinerator with an external air isolation input device disclosed in CN0312029.3, and the garbage incineration treatment device disclosed in CN201410052291.9. That is, after the domestic garbage is filled into the incineration equipment at one time, it is allowed to self-ignite. However, the garbage is difficult to burn due to its complex composition or only the combustion temperature on the surface of the raw materials is high, and the combustion temperature inside the garbage is low, resulting in incomplete combustion of the internal garbage, extremely low burnout rate, and production of a large amount of toxic and harmful substances such as carbon monoxide and dioxins, which pollute the atmospheric environment and cause harm to people's health. In addition, there are also many products of top-burning waste incineration equipment, such as CN201710780831.9, which discloses an incinerator for preheating waste. The waste in the storage box and the feed cavity is preheated by the residual heat from the burning of the waste below to dry out the moisture. However, the disadvantage of this type of waste incineration facility is that the waste in the drying area is pyrolyzed at a temperature lower than that of full combustion, and small molecular organic matter such as VOCs, dioxins, and carbon monoxide are produced into the flue gas. However, the flue gas is not fully burned on the ignition surface and is directly discharged into the back-end facilities, which increases the burden of exhaust gas treatment. At the same time, the heat exchange method for producing preheated waste has great limitations, which greatly reduces the efficiency of waste incineration.

[0004] In summary, although the waste incineration facilities with the above structure have undergone structural adjustments and have solved the problem of waste disposal difficulties to a certain extent, the existing waste incineration treatment facilities still generally have problems such as incomplete combustion and incomplete treatment of toxic and harmful substances in the process of treating original domestic waste in villages and towns. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a clean incineration device for village and town domestic waste with simple structure, high waste combustion rate and low content of toxic and harmful substances in the discharged flue gas.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a clean incineration device for domestic garbage in villages and towns, including an incinerator body, a garbage inlet is provided on the side wall of the incinerator body, a smoke outlet is provided on the upper part of the side wall of the incinerator body, a slag outlet is provided at the bottom of the incinerator body, a primary air inlet is provided at the bottom of the incinerator body, a secondary air inlet is provided on the side wall of the incinerator body, a plasma flame generator is provided at the bottom and around the incinerator body, and the plasma flame generator is connected to the incinerator body through the primary air inlet and / or the secondary air inlet. During operation, the domestic garbage entering the furnace from the garbage inlet is dried and aerobically cleanly burned by the plasma flame flow and / or wind flow generated by the plasma flame generator, the slag is discharged through the slag outlet, and the smoke is discharged and processed through the smoke outlet.

[0007] Furthermore, the plasma flame generator includes a discharge electrode, a conductive tube and a power supply device, the discharge electrode is connected to the conductive tube through an insulating component, the discharge electrode and the central axis of the conductive tube are located on the same straight line, and an air hole for primary air supply is provided on the bottom of the conductive tube and / or the insulating component. The power supply device is connected to the discharge electrode and the conductive tube respectively. When the power supply device supplies high-voltage and high-frequency power, an arc can be formed between the discharge electrode and the conductive tube, and the primary air entering the conductive tube through the air hole is ionized to form a plasma flame flow.

[0008] Furthermore, the secondary air inlet is installed on the incinerator body by tangential installation or four-corner tangential installation, which is conducive to forming a cyclone plasma flame flow in the furnace of the incinerator, which mixes more fully with the garbage entering the furnace, making the garbage combustion efficiency higher and the garbage burnout rate higher.

[0009] Furthermore, a cyclone separator is provided at the smoke outlet of the incinerator body, and a feed pipe of the cyclone separator is connected to a feed return pipe provided on the incinerator body.

[0010] Furthermore, a high-pressure primary fan and a primary wind box are provided for providing high-pressure wind to the primary air outlet. The high-pressure primary fan is connected to the primary wind box or is connected to the primary wind box through a flue gas heat exchanger.

[0011] Furthermore, a flue gas purifier is provided at the air outlet of the cyclone separator.

[0012] Furthermore, a slag cooler is provided at the slag outlet of the incinerator body, which can rapidly cool the burnt slag discharged from the slag outlet to below 180°C before discharging, thereby significantly reducing the emission of toxic and harmful substances such as dioxins.

[0013] Furthermore, a heat-resistant ceramic hood is provided at the flame outlet of the plasma flame generator, which can reduce the clogging of the plasma flame generator outlet by ash and facilitate the formation of flame flow.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects:

[0015] (1) The use of plasma flame flow has greatly improved the combustion efficiency and burnout rate of domestic waste, solving the problem of clean incineration of domestic waste in towns and villages;

[0016] (2) It has a simple structure, low investment cost, and uses electricity completely, which is convenient and fast. It can reduce the amount of domestic waste in towns and villages and treat it harmlessly at a low cost, solving the current problems of large land occupation and serious environmental pollution caused by domestic waste landfill;

[0017] (3) A device and a method for clean incineration of domestic waste in towns and villages are provided, which solves the problem of environmental pollution and harm to human health caused by current incineration devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The bottom AA view of the incinerator in the embodiment 1 is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the electrode structure in Example 1 is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The electrode BB direction view in the embodiment 1 is shown;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1-incinerator body, 101-garbage inlet, 102-smoke outlet, 103-slag outlet, 104-primary air inlet, 105-return pipe, 106-secondary air inlet, 2-plasma flame generator, 201-discharge electrode, 202-conductive cylinder, 203-insulating component, 204-power supply device, 205-air hole, 206-heat-resistant ceramic hood; 3-cyclone separator, 4-high-pressure primary fan, 5-primary wind box, 6-smoke purifier, 7-slag cooler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Reference Figures 1 to 4 The present embodiment includes an incinerator body 1, on which a garbage inlet 101, a smoke outlet 102, a slag outlet 103, a primary air port 104 and a secondary air port 106 are provided. The garbage inlet 101 is located at the side of the incinerator body 1, the smoke outlet 102 is located at the top of the side of the incinerator body 1, the slag outlet 103 is located at the bottom of the incinerator body 1, the primary air port 104 is located at the bottom of the incinerator body 1, and the secondary air port 106 is located at the side of the incinerator body 1. Twenty-two plasma flame generators 2 are provided at the bottom and around the incinerator body 1. The twenty plasma flame generators 2 provided at the bottom are connected to the primary air port 104 of the incinerator body 1, and the two plasma flame generators 2 provided on the side wall are connected to the incinerator body 1 through the secondary air port 106. During operation, the domestic garbage entering the furnace from the garbage inlet 101 is dried and aerobically cleanly burned by the plasma flame flow and wind flow generated by the plasma flame generator 2, the slag is discharged through the slag discharge outlet 103, and the smoke is discharged through the smoke outlet 102 for treatment.

[0027] The plasma flame generator 2 mainly includes a discharge electrode 201, a conductive tube 202, an insulating component 203 and a power supply device 204. The discharge electrode 201 is connected to the conductive tube 202 through the insulating component 203 and is coaxial. The bottom of the conductive tube 202 and the insulating component 203 are provided with air holes 205 for air supply; the power supply device 204 is respectively connected to the discharge electrode 201 and the conductive tube 202. When supplying high voltage or high frequency power, an arc can be formed between the discharge electrode 201 and the conductive tube 202, and the wind entering the conductive tube 202 through the air holes 205 can be ionized to form a plasma flame flow; a heat-resistant ceramic wind cap 206 is provided at the outlet of the plasma flame generator at the bottom of the incinerator body to reduce blockage and facilitate the formation of flame flow.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] Reference Figure 5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that a cyclone separator 3 is provided at the smoke outlet 102 of the incinerator body 1, a return pipe 105 is also provided on the incinerator body 1, twenty plasma flame generators are provided at the bottom of the incinerator body 1, and three secondary air ports 106 on the side wall of the incinerator body 1 adopt tangential air inlet. The inlet of the cyclone separator 3 is connected to the smoke outlet 102 of the incinerator body 1, and the feed pipe of the cyclone separator 3 is connected to the return pipe 105 on the incinerator body 1. When working, the gas in the cyclone separator 3 is discharged through the separator gas outlet.

[0030] In this embodiment, a high-pressure primary fan 4 and a primary wind box 5 are provided. The high-pressure primary fan 4 is connected to the primary wind box 5 , and the primary wind box 5 provides high-pressure wind for the primary air outlet 104 and the secondary air outlet 106 .

[0031] In this embodiment, a flue gas purifier 6 is provided, and the air outlet of the cyclone separator 3 is connected to the flue gas purifier 6. When working, the gas is discharged through the tail exhaust fan.

[0032] In this embodiment, a slag cooler 7 is further provided, and the slag cooler 7 can rapidly cool the burnt slag discharged from the slag discharge outlet to below 180° C., thereby significantly reducing the emission of toxic and harmful substances such as dioxins into the atmosphere.

[0033] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0034] Those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present invention. If these modifications and variations are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, then these modifications and variations are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] The contents not described in detail in the specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A clean incineration device for domestic waste in villages and towns, comprising an incinerator body, a garbage inlet is arranged on the side wall of the incinerator body, a smoke outlet is arranged on the upper part of the side wall of the incinerator body, and a slag outlet is arranged at the bottom of the incinerator body, characterized in that: The bottom of the incinerator body is provided with a primary air inlet, the side wall of the incinerator body is provided with a secondary air inlet, and the bottom and surrounding of the incinerator body are provided with a plasma flame generator, which is connected to the incinerator body through the primary air inlet and the secondary air inlet. Twenty plasma flame generators arranged at the bottom of the incinerator body are connected to the primary air inlet of the incinerator body, and two plasma flame generators arranged on the side wall of the incinerator body are connected to the incinerator body through the secondary air inlet. When working, the domestic garbage entering the furnace from the garbage inlet is dried and aerobically cleanly burned by the plasma flame flow and wind flow generated by the plasma flame generator, the slag is discharged through the slag discharge outlet, and the smoke is discharged and processed through the smoke outlet; The plasma flame generator comprises a discharge electrode, a conductive tube and a power supply device, wherein the discharge electrode is connected to the conductive tube via an insulating component, the discharge electrode and the central axis of the conductive tube are located on the same straight line, an air hole for primary air supply is provided on the bottom of the conductive tube and / or the insulating component, and the power supply device is connected to the discharge electrode and the conductive tube respectively, and when a high-voltage or high-frequency power supply is supplied, an arc can be formed between the discharge electrode and the conductive tube, and the wind entering the conductive tube through the air hole can be ionized to form a plasma flame flow; A cyclone separator is provided at the smoke outlet of the incinerator body, and the discharge pipe of the cyclone separator is connected to the return pipe arranged on the incinerator body. A high-pressure primary fan and a primary wind box for providing high-pressure air to the primary air outlet are also provided. The high-pressure primary fan is connected to the primary wind box or is connected to the primary wind box through a smoke heat exchanger. A smoke purifier is provided at the air outlet of the cyclone separator, and a slag cooler is provided at the slag discharge outlet of the incinerator body.

2. The clean incineration device for domestic waste in villages and towns according to claim 1 is characterized by: The secondary air inlet is installed on the incinerator body in a tangential installation manner.

3. The clean incineration device for domestic waste in villages and towns according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A temperature-resistant ceramic hood is provided at the outlet of the plasma flame generator.

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