A detection device and method for medium and large aperture parts

Abstract

The present invention discloses a detection device and method for medium and large aperture parts, including a machine base, a table frame is provided on one side of the machine base, a dial indicator is provided on the table frame, a mounting platform is provided on the machine base and is inclined relative to the table frame, and a fixed support is provided on the mounting platform. During detection, the object to be tested is mounted on the fixed support, so that the object to be tested is kept in an inclined state, so that the upper hole wall of the object to be tested and the base surface of the fixed support are always kept in contact, and the probe of the dial indicator is abutted against the inner surface of the hole of the object to be tested, and coaxiality detection can be performed; in addition, the probe of the dial indicator is abutted against the end face to be tested, and the end face parallelism detection can also be performed. The present invention has a simple structure, low cost, and high convenience in operation. The fixed support is used to realize high-precision installation and positioning of the object to be tested, thereby making the detection accuracy of the object to be tested high, and has a wide range of applications. It can complete a variety of form and position tolerance detections at one time, and the operation is time-saving and labor-saving, and the detection accuracy and efficiency are high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a detection device and method for medium- and large-aperture parts, belonging to the technical field of detection tools for mechanical parts. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the conventional coaxiality detection of medium and large aperture parts, "three-coordinate" detection is basically adopted. "Three-coordinate" detection is a precise measurement method for inspecting workpieces, which is widely used in modern industries such as machinery manufacturing and automobile industry. Its advantages are accurate results, wide application range, and can detect almost all form and position tolerances. However, the disadvantages are huge investment, professional training of operators, strict requirements on the use environment, necessary supporting facilities, high maintenance costs, and low cost-effectiveness for conventional small enterprises; moreover, "three-coordinate" is a high-precision testing instrument, and the cost of outsourcing inspection is high. It is basically only used for random inspection of parts and the inspection cycle is long. It is not possible to conduct full inspection of all parts in time and is affected by the work arrangement of the inspection unit, so it is not comprehensive and timely enough. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a detection device and method for medium and large aperture parts, which can overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0004] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A detection device for medium and large aperture parts includes a machine base, a meter frame is provided on one side of the machine base, and a dial indicator is provided on the meter frame. The characteristic is that a mounting platform inclined relative to the meter frame side is provided on the machine base, and a fixed support for the ferrule test object is provided on the mounting platform.

[0006] The aforementioned fixed support is provided in various specifications, and a mounting hole is provided at the axis thereof, and is fixedly connected to the mounting platform by locking bolts.

[0007] The aforementioned mounting platform is inclined 20°-40° relative to the side of the table frame.

[0008] The outer circumference of the aforementioned fixed support is provided with a three-point positioning arc adapted to the object to be measured, so that the object to be measured and the fixed support are sleeved in a three-point positioning manner.

[0009] The aforementioned fixed support and the object to be measured are clearance matched, and the clearance is no greater than 5mm.

[0010] The aforementioned meter frame includes a frame seat fixed on the machine base and a vertical rod screwed therewith, a horizontal rod with adjustable angle and length is detachably connected to the vertical rod, and the dial indicator is fixedly connected to the horizontal rod.

[0011] A detection method based on the above-mentioned detection device for medium and large aperture parts comprises the following steps:

[0012] s1. Prepare before testing and assemble the testing device.

[0013] Fix the dial indicator to the machine base through the meter frame, and fix the fixed support to the mounting table through the locking bolts;

[0014] Among them, the finishing process of the fixed support should be such that it meets the detection accuracy;

[0015] s2. The object to be measured is placed on the fixed support. Under the influence of the inclination angle of the mounting platform, the inner hole of the object to be measured and the upper base surface of the fixed support are always in a fitting state;

[0016] s3. Carry out coaxiality test on the object to be tested.

[0017] Adjust the angle and length of the crossbar of the meter stand so that the probe of the dial gauge contacts the inner surface of the measuring hole of the object to be measured, and the contact part should be on the inner surface of the hole that always keeps in contact with the base surface of the fixed support. Manually rotate the test object. When rotating, control the detection speed and observe the pointer reading with the naked eye.

[0018] Perform multiple in-hole height tests according to the hole depth ratio, take the maximum value as the run-out value, and 1 / 2 of the run-out value is the coaxiality of the upper and lower holes;

[0019] s4. Detect the parallelism of the step surface in the hole of the object being tested.

[0020] Adjust the angle and length of the crossbar of the meter stand so that the probe of the dial gauge contacts the step surface in the hole of the object to be tested. Manually rotate the test object. While rotating, control the test speed and observe the pointer reading with the naked eye.

[0021] Perform multiple step surface inspections based on the end face diameter ratio, and take the maximum value as the parallelism value;

[0022] s5. Check the parallelism of both end faces of the object being tested.

[0023] Install two crossbars with dial indicators on the vertical rods; adjust the angle and length of the crossbars so that the probes of the dial indicator are respectively in contact with the two end surfaces of the object to be tested, and manually rotate the test object. During the rotation, control the test speed and observe the pointer reading with the naked eye;

[0024] Perform multiple end face inspections based on the end face diameter ratio and take the maximum value as the parallelism value.

[0025] In the above step s1, after fine machining of the fixed support, the surface roughness of the three-point positioning arc on the fixed support is not greater than 0.8; the roughness of the two end surfaces of the fixed support is not greater than 1.6, and the verticality is not greater than 0.02; and the hardness of the fixed support is 40-45HRC.

[0026] In the above steps s3-s5, the detection object is manually rotated at a relatively uniform speed, and its rotation speed is not greater than 2 revolutions per minute.

[0027] When detecting the coaxiality of the aforementioned object to be tested, the hole depth ratio of the object to be tested = hole depth / hole diameter, the hole depth is divided according to the hole depth ratio, and each divided area is tested at least twice, the test data are counted and compared, and the maximum value is taken as the runout value;

[0028] When detecting the parallelism of the aforementioned object to be measured, the end face diameter ratio = outer circle diameter / inner circle diameter, the end face is divided according to the end face diameter ratio, and each divided area is tested at least twice, the test data is counted and compared, and the maximum value is taken as the parallelism value.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a detection device and method for medium and large aperture parts, which includes a machine base, a table frame is provided on one side of the machine base, a dial indicator is provided on the table frame, a mounting platform is provided on the machine base and is inclined relative to the table frame, and a fixed support is provided on the mounting platform. The detection device can be used for coaxiality detection. During the detection, the object to be tested is mounted on the fixed support, and the object to be tested is kept in an inclined state. Under the action of the gravity of the object to be tested, the upper hole wall of the object to be tested and the base surface of the fixed support are always kept in contact, so that the probe of the dial indicator is abutted against the inner surface of the hole of the object to be tested, and the abutment should be on the inner surface of the hole on the side that is always kept in contact with the base surface of the fixed support. The detection body is manually rotated. During the rotation, the detection speed is controlled and the pointer reading is observed with the naked eye. Multiple detections are performed on the height of the hole according to the hole depth ratio, and the maximum value is taken as the runout value. 1 / 2 of the runout value is the coaxiality of the upper and lower holes. In addition, the detection device can also be used for parallelism detection. During the detection, the probe of the dial indicator is placed against the end face to be tested, and the detection body is manually rotated. During the rotation, the detection speed is controlled and the pointer reading is observed with the naked eye; multiple step surface detections are performed based on the end face diameter ratio, and the maximum value is taken as the parallelism value.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] (1) The present invention has a simple structure and can realize high-precision installation and positioning of the object to be measured through the fixed support, thereby achieving high detection accuracy of the object to be measured and a wide range of applications, and can complete various form and position tolerance detections at one time.

[0032] (2) The operation is easy and convenient. Operators do not need professional training. The test is less affected by human factors and the use environment. The operation is time-saving and labor-saving, and the detection accuracy and efficiency are high.

[0033] (3) The present invention has low production and use costs, and the fixed support used has guaranteed hardness, which results in less wear during the detection process. It can not only ensure the detection accuracy, but also has a long service life, reducing the cost of subsequent replacement and maintenance, and has good economic practicality and popularization.

[0034] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0036] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure for coaxiality detection of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the present invention for detecting step surfaces in holes.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention for detecting the two end faces of the detection body.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the fixed support.

[0041] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the AA cross-section structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, rather than for limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, a detection device for medium and large aperture parts includes a machine base 1, a meter frame 2 is provided on one side of the machine base 1, a dial indicator 3 is provided on the meter frame 2, a mounting platform 4 is provided on the machine base 1 and is inclined relative to the meter frame 2, and a fixed support 5 for a clamping sleeve to be measured 6 is provided on the mounting platform 4.

[0044] The fixing support 5 is provided in various specifications to adapt to parts with different apertures for installation and testing; a mounting hole 502 is provided at the axis of the fixing support 5 so that it is fixedly connected to the mounting platform 4 by a locking bolt 6 .

[0045] The mounting platform 4 is tilted 20°-40° relative to the side of the table frame 2, so that the object 6 to be measured is tilted and mounted on the fixed support 5. Under the gravity of the object 6 to be measured, the upper hole wall of the object 6 to be measured and the base surface of the fixed support 5 always keep in contact.

[0046] The outer circumference of the fixed support 5 is provided with a three-point positioning arc 501 adapted to the object 6 to be measured, so that the object 6 to be measured and the fixed support 5 are three-point positioned and sleeved to ensure the sleeve reliability. In addition, the fixed support 5 and the object 6 to be measured are clearance matched, and the matching clearance is not greater than 5mm, which can ensure the quick installation of the fixed support 5 and the object 6 to be measured, and at the same time, the detection accuracy of the object 6 to be measured can be guaranteed.

[0047] The meter stand includes a stand 203, a vertical rod 201 screwed on the stand 203, a horizontal rod 202 that can adjust the angle and length is detachably connected to the vertical rod 201, and the dial indicator 3 is fixedly connected to the horizontal rod 202. A U-shaped connecting sleeve is provided on the vertical rod 201, and an adjusting screw 204 is provided on the horizontal rod 202, which is installed on the U-shaped connecting sleeve, so that the horizontal rod 202 is locked and fixedly connected to the vertical rod 201; the horizontal rod 202 is a telescopic rod structure, and a locking screw sleeve 205 is provided at the connecting part of the telescopic rod.

[0048] A detection method based on the above-mentioned detection device for medium and large aperture parts comprises the following steps:

[0049] s1. Prepare before testing and assemble the testing device;

[0050] s2, installing the object to be tested 6;

[0051] s3, perform coaxiality detection on the object 6 to be tested;

[0052] s4, performing parallelism detection on the step surface 602 in the hole 6 of the object to be tested;

[0053] s5. Perform parallelism test on the two end faces 603 of the object 6 to be tested.

[0054] In step s1, the dial gauge 3 is fixed to the machine base 1 through the gauge frame 2, and the fixed support 5 is fixed to the mounting platform 4 through the locking bolts 7;

[0055] Among them, the finishing process of the fixed support 5 should meet the detection accuracy; specifically, after the finishing of the fixed support 5, the surface roughness of the three-point positioning arc 501 on the fixed support is not greater than 0.8; the roughness of the two end faces of the fixed support 5 is not greater than 1.6, and the verticality is not greater than 0.02; and the hardness of the fixed support 5 is 40-45HRC.

[0056] In step s2, the object to be measured 6 is sleeved on the fixed support, and under the influence of the tilt angle of the mounting platform 4, the inner hole of the object to be measured 6 and the upper base surface of the fixed support 5 are always in a fitting state.

[0057] In step s3, the angle and length of the crossbar 202 of the meter stand are adjusted so that the probe of the dial gauge 3 abuts against the inner surface 601 of the measuring hole of the measured object, wherein the abutting portion is the inner surface 601 of the hole that is in contact with the upper base surface of the fixed support 5;

[0058] Manually rotate the detection body 6, control the detection speed and observe the pointer reading with naked eyes; perform multiple detections on the height of the hole according to the hole depth ratio, take the maximum value as the run-out value, and 1 / 2 of the run-out value is the coaxiality of the upper and lower holes;

[0059] The hole depth ratio of the object to be tested = hole depth / hole diameter. The hole depth is divided according to the hole depth ratio, and each divided area is tested at least twice. The test data are counted and compared, and the maximum value is taken as the runout value, and finally the coaxiality value is obtained.

[0060] In step s4, the parallelism of the step surface 602 in the hole of the object to be tested is tested, and the angle and length of the cross bar 202 of the meter stand are adjusted so that the probe of the dial gauge 3 abuts against the step surface 602 in the hole of the object to be tested, and the test body 6 is manually rotated. During the rotation, the detection speed is controlled and the pointer reading is observed with the naked eye; wherein, the step surface detection is performed multiple times with the end face diameter ratio, and the maximum value is taken as the parallelism value;

[0061] The end face diameter ratio=outer circle diameter / inner circle diameter. The end face is divided according to the end face diameter ratio, and each divided area is tested at least twice. The test data are counted and compared, and the maximum value is taken as the parallelism value.

[0062] In step s5, the parallelism of the two end faces 603 of the object to be tested is tested. Two cross bars 202 with dial indicators 3 are installed on the vertical bar 201; the angle and length of the cross bar 202 are adjusted so that the probes of the dial indicator 3 are respectively in contact with the two end faces 603 of the object to be tested. The testing body 6 is manually rotated. During the rotation, the testing speed is controlled and the pointer reading is observed with the naked eye; wherein, the step surface is tested multiple times with the end face diameter ratio, and the maximum value is taken as the parallelism value;

[0063] The end face diameter ratio=outer circle diameter / inner circle diameter. The end face is divided according to the end face diameter ratio, and each divided area is tested at least twice. The test data are counted and compared, and the maximum value is taken as the parallelism value.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of confidentiality restriction on the present invention. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting parts with medium and large apertures, characterized in that: The detection device for medium- and large-aperture parts is used for the detection. The medium- and large-aperture parts detection device comprises a machine base (1), a meter frame (2) is provided on one side of the machine base (1), and a dial indicator (3) is provided on the meter frame (2). The device is characterized in that: a mounting platform (4) is provided on the machine base (1) and is arranged obliquely relative to the meter frame (2), and a fixed support (5) for a ferrule test object (6) is provided on the mounting platform (4); The detection method of the medium and large aperture parts comprises the following steps: s1. Prepare before testing and assemble the testing device. The dial indicator (3) is fixedly connected to the machine base (1) via the meter frame (2), and the fixed support (5) is fixedly connected to the mounting platform (4) via the locking bolts (7); The finishing process of the fixed support (5) should be such that it satisfies the detection accuracy; s2. The object to be measured (6) is placed on the fixed support (5), and under the influence of the tilt angle of the mounting platform (4), the inner hole of the object to be measured (6) and the upper base surface of the fixed support (5) are always in a fitting state; s3. Conduct coaxiality test on the object to be tested (6). The angle and length of the crossbar (202) of the meter stand are adjusted so that the probe of the dial gauge (3) abuts against the inner surface (601) of the measuring hole of the measured object, and the abutting portion should be located on the inner surface of the hole on the side that is always in contact with the base surface of the fixed support. The measured object (6) is manually rotated. During the rotation, the detection speed is controlled and the pointer reading is observed with the naked eye. Perform multiple in-hole height tests according to the hole depth ratio, take the maximum value as the run-out value, and 1 / 2 of the run-out value is the coaxiality of the upper and lower holes; s4. Conduct parallelism test on the step surface (602) in the hole of the object to be tested (6). The angle and length of the crossbar (202) of the meter stand are adjusted so that the probe of the dial gauge (3) abuts against the step surface (602) in the hole of the measured object, and the measured object (6) is manually rotated. During the rotation, the detection speed is controlled and the pointer reading is observed with the naked eye; Perform multiple step surface inspections based on the end face diameter ratio, and take the maximum value as the parallelism value; s5. Conduct parallelism test on both end faces (603) of the object to be tested (6). Two cross bars (202) with dial indicators (3) are mounted on the vertical bar (201); the angle and length of the cross bar (202) are adjusted so that the probes of the dial indicator (3) are respectively in contact with the two end surfaces (603) of the object to be measured, and the object to be measured (6) is manually rotated. During the rotation, the detection speed is controlled and the pointer reading is observed with the naked eye; Perform multiple end face inspections based on the end face diameter ratio and take the maximum value as the parallelism value.

2. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed support (5) is provided in various specifications, and a mounting hole (502) is provided at its axis, and is fixedly connected to the mounting platform (4) via a locking bolt (7).

3. The detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting platform (4) is inclined at 20°-40° relative to the side of the table frame (2).

4. The detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the fixed support (5) is provided with a three-point positioning arc (501) adapted to the object to be measured, so that the object to be measured (6) and the fixed support (5) are sleeved in a three-point positioning manner.

5. The detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed support (5) and the object to be measured (6) are clearance-matched, and the clearance is no greater than 5 mm.

6. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The meter frame (2) comprises a frame seat (203) fixed on the machine base (1) and a vertical rod (201) screwed thereto, a horizontal rod (202) whose angle and length can be adjusted is detachably connected to the vertical rod (201), and the dial indicator (3) is fixedly connected to the horizontal rod (202).

7. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step s1, after fine machining of the fixed support (5), the surface roughness of the three-point positioning arc on the fixed support (5) is not greater than 0.8; the roughness of the two end surfaces of the fixed support (5) is not greater than 1.6, and the verticality is not greater than 0.02; and the hardness of the fixed support (5) is 40-45HRC.

8. The detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In steps s3-s5, the object to be tested (6) is manually rotated at a relatively uniform speed, and its rotation speed is not greater than 2 revolutions per minute.

9. The detection method according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: When detecting the coaxiality of the object to be tested (6), the hole depth ratio of the object to be tested = hole depth / hole diameter, the hole depth is divided according to the hole depth ratio, and each divided area is tested at least twice, the test data are counted and compared, and the maximum value is taken as the runout value; When detecting the parallelism of the object to be detected (6), the end face diameter ratio = outer circle diameter / inner circle diameter, the end face is divided according to the end face diameter ratio, and each divided area is detected at least twice, the detection data are counted and compared, and the maximum value is taken as the parallelism value.

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