Photovoltaic tile substrate, photovoltaic tile and photovoltaic roof

Abstract

The present application discloses a photovoltaic tile substrate, photovoltaic tile and photovoltaic roof, wherein the tile substrate includes at least one bearing plate area, located on at least one side of the bottom plate area and used to bear the side edge of the photovoltaic module; two bending connection areas, respectively connected to the two sides of the bottom plate area, at least one of the bending connection areas is connected to the bearing plate area on the other side; the bottom plate area and the bending connection area can enclose a heat dissipation channel with the photovoltaic module; at least one connection structure, at least the bearing plate area is connected to the connection structure; a connection structure on one side of the photovoltaic tile substrate can be connected to the other side of the adjacent photovoltaic tile substrate. The above scheme solves the problems in the prior art of poor heat dissipation capacity of photovoltaic modules, poor fire resistance of roof systems, inconvenience in installing thermal insulation layers and inconvenience in roof wiring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention generally relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic tile substrate, a photovoltaic tile and a photovoltaic roof. Background Art

[0002] BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaic) is a photovoltaic power generation system that is designed, constructed and installed at the same time as new buildings and integrated with the buildings. It is an indispensable part of the building. It not only plays the function of building materials (such as wind protection, rain protection, heat insulation, etc.), but also plays the function of power generation, making the building a green building.

[0003] BIPV has many different installation forms, such as photovoltaic roofs, photovoltaic curtain walls and photovoltaic ceilings. At present, most photovoltaic roofs are component-type BIPV. This solution mainly replaces or covers the roof building materials by making the frame of the galvanized aluminum alloy backplane module into a locking structure. It is a photovoltaic roof installation method that can directly replace the roof color steel tiles. Because the photovoltaic modules are completely attached to the metal tile surface, the module heat dissipation is poor. In addition, the junction box of the roof is also indoors, and there are also problems such as poor fire resistance of the roof system, inability to install thermal insulation system, and inconvenient roof wiring. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desired to provide a photovoltaic tile substrate, photovoltaic tile and photovoltaic roof to solve the problems in the prior art of poor heat dissipation capacity of photovoltaic modules, poor fire resistance of roof systems, inconvenience in installing thermal insulation layers and inconvenience in roof wiring.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic tile substrate, comprising:

[0006] Baseboard area;

[0007] At least one bearing plate area, located on at least one side of the bottom plate area and used to bear the side edge of the photovoltaic module;

[0008] Two bending connection areas are respectively connected to the two sides of the bottom plate area, and the other side of at least one of the bending connection areas is connected to the bearing plate area; the bottom plate area and the bending connection area can enclose a heat dissipation channel with the photovoltaic module;

[0009] at least one connecting structure, at least the load-bearing plate area is connected to the connecting structure;

[0010] The connection structure on one side of the tile substrate of one photovoltaic tile can be connected to the other side of the tile substrate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile.

[0011] As an achievable manner, the connection structure is a locking structure, each of the bent connection areas is connected to the bearing plate area, and the locking structure on one side of the tile substrate of one photovoltaic tile can be locked with the locking structure on the other side of the tile substrate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile; or,

[0012] The connection structure is an overlapping structure, and the overlapping structure on one side of the tile substrate of one photovoltaic tile can be overlapped on the bending connection area on the other side of the tile substrate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile.

[0013] As an achievable manner, in the case where two carrying plate areas are provided, the two carrying plate areas are located in the same plane.

[0014] As an implementable manner, a ridge is raised in the middle of the bottom plate area, and the ridge extends along the length direction of the bottom plate area.

[0015] As an achievable manner, the top surface of the ridge and the carrying plate area are located in the same plane.

[0016] As a feasible manner, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are provided on the bottom plate area, and an extending direction of each of the reinforcing ribs intersects with a length direction of the bottom plate area.

[0017] As an achievable manner, the plane where the bottom plate area is located is parallel to the plane where the load-bearing plate area is located, and the distance between the two is 2 to 20 cm.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic tile, comprising the tile substrate of the above-mentioned photovoltaic tile, and also comprising a photovoltaic component, the edges of both sides of the photovoltaic component are respectively fixed on the supporting plate area, the photovoltaic component, the supporting plate area and the bottom plate area are surrounded by a heat dissipation channel, and a junction box is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic component, and the junction box is located in the heat dissipation channel.

[0019] As an achievable manner, a plurality of the photovoltaic modules are arranged along the length direction of the bottom plate area; and gaps for placing pedals are arranged between at least some adjacent photovoltaic modules.

[0020] As an achievable manner, the photovoltaic component is bonded to the carrier plate area.

[0021] As an achievable manner, the photovoltaic module is a frameless photovoltaic module.

[0022] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic roof comprising the above-mentioned photovoltaic tiles.

[0023] As an achievable manner, the photovoltaic roof only contains one photovoltaic tile from the ridge to the eaves.

[0024] As a feasible manner, at least one of the photovoltaic tiles is lockably connected to the tile base plate of the photovoltaic tile, the tile base plate of the photovoltaic tile extends from the ridge of the photovoltaic roof to the eaves, and a pedal for stepping on is arranged on the tile base plate of the photovoltaic tile.

[0025] The above solution provided by the present application, after being assembled to form a photovoltaic roof, the photovoltaic modules, the junction box and the connecting wires between the junction boxes are all located outdoors (the area below the photovoltaic tile substrate is indoors, and the area above the photovoltaic tile substrate is outdoors), and a layer of photovoltaic tile substrate is separated between the indoor and the photovoltaic modules, so that the photovoltaic roof has good fireproof performance. In addition, after the photovoltaic modules are installed on the photovoltaic tile substrate, a heat dissipation channel will be formed between the photovoltaic tile substrate and the photovoltaic modules, and the heat dissipation channel can improve the heat dissipation capacity of the photovoltaic modules. In addition, since the junction box is located outdoors, on the one hand, there is no need to punch holes to connect the junction box from indoors, and it is only necessary to connect the junction box outdoors through wires, which improves the convenience of wiring. On the other hand, since there is no need to punch holes and thread wires on the photovoltaic tile substrate, it is convenient to set a thermal insulation layer on the back of the photovoltaic tile substrate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 A front view of a tile substrate of a photovoltaic tile provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The front view of two photovoltaic tiles after the tile substrates are connected;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of FIG.

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The front view of the two photovoltaic tiles with the tile substrates connected and the photovoltaic assembly arranged thereon is shown;

[0031] Figure 5 A front view of a photovoltaic tile substrate provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The front view of two photovoltaic tiles after the tile substrates are connected;

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The front view of the two photovoltaic tiles with the tile substrates connected and the photovoltaic assembly arranged thereon is shown;

[0034] Figure 8 A front view of a tile substrate of a photovoltaic tile provided in yet another embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A top view of

[0036] Fig.10 for Figure 8 Stereoscopic image of

[0037] Fig.11 A front view of a photovoltaic tile provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.12 for Fig.11 A top view of

[0039] Fig.13 for Fig.11 Stereoscopic image of

[0040] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module;

[0041] Fig.15 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module;

[0042] Fig.16 This is a bottom view of the photovoltaic module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant invention, rather than to limit the invention. It is also necessary to explain that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0044] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a bottom plate area 1, a bearing plate area 3, two bending connection areas 2, and a connection structure 18.

[0046] The bottom plate area 1 can be a plane or a non-plane. Generally, when a plane is used, a raised or recessed reinforcement structure can be provided on the plane to improve the rigidity and strength. A load-bearing plate area 3 is located on one side of the bottom plate area 1 and is used to support the side edge of the photovoltaic module. Two bending connection areas 2 are respectively connected to the two sides of the bottom plate area 1, and one of the bending connection areas 2 is connected to the load-bearing plate area 3 on the other side. Of course, two load-bearing plate areas 3 can also be provided, which will be introduced in subsequent embodiments, that is, each side of the bottom plate area 1 is connected to a bending connection area 2, and one of the bending connection areas is connected to the load-bearing plate area 3 on the side away from the bottom plate area 1 (also referred to as the other side), such as Figure 1 As shown, the bending connection area 2 is bent upward relative to the bottom plate area 1, and the bending connection area 2 is bent downward relative to the supporting plate area 3. The bending connection area 2 forms a certain distance difference between the bottom plate area 1 and the supporting plate area 3; the distance difference enables the supporting plate area 3 and the bottom plate area 1 to form a heat dissipation channel with the photovoltaic module. A connection structure 18 is connected to the outside of the supporting plate area 1. In this embodiment, it is connected to the outside of the supporting plate area 1 on the left side. Of course, the supporting plate area 1 can also be set on the right side, and the corresponding connection structure 18 is connected to the outside of the supporting plate area 1 on the right side; the connection structure 18 on one side of the tile substrate of a photovoltaic tile can be connected to the other side of the tile substrate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile. The specific structure of the connection structure 18 is not limited here, as long as it can connect the tile substrates of two photovoltaic tiles. In this embodiment, one side of the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile can be the left side, and the other side is the right side. As shown Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the left side of the tile substrate of one photovoltaic tile is connected to the right side of the tile substrate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile.

[0047] The tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile of the above structure can be, but is not limited to, a metal plate formed by stamping, rolling and other processes. The metal plate is preferably a plate having an anti-corrosion layer on the surface to improve the corrosion resistance of the plate, and the plate is, for example, but not limited to, a steel plate. The anti-corrosion layer is, for example, but not limited to, a paint layer, a galvanized layer, etc.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, in this example, after the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile is connected, when the photovoltaic component 9 is installed, the left edge of the photovoltaic component 9 is supported on the supporting board area 3 of the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile on the left, and the right edge of the photovoltaic component 9 is supported on the supporting board area 3 of the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile on the right.

[0049] As another implementation method, Figure 5-7 As shown, the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a bottom plate area 1, a bearing plate area 3, two bending connection areas 2, and two connection structures 18, 19. The two connection structures 18, 19 can be overlapped structures, and their specific shapes can be different, as long as the tile substrates of two photovoltaic tiles can be connected.

[0050] The bottom plate area 1 can be a plane or a non-plane. Generally, when a plane is used, a convex or concave reinforcement structure can be provided on the plane to improve the rigidity and strength. A load-bearing plate area 3 is located on one side of the bottom plate area 1 and is used to support the side edge of the photovoltaic module. Two bending connection areas 2 are respectively connected to the two sides of the bottom plate area 1, and one of the bending connection areas 2 is connected to the load-bearing plate area 3. Of course, two load-bearing plate areas 3 can also be provided, which will be introduced in subsequent embodiments, that is, one side of the bottom plate area 1 is connected to a bending connection area 2, and one of the bending connection areas is connected to the load-bearing plate area 3 on the side away from the bottom plate area 1, such as Figure 5 As shown, the bending connection area 2 is bent upward relative to the bottom plate area 1, and the bending connection area 2 is bent downward relative to the bearing plate area 3. The bending connection area 2 forms a certain distance difference between the bottom plate area 1 and the bearing plate area 3; the distance difference enables the bearing plate area 3 and the bottom plate area 1 to surround a heat dissipation channel with the photovoltaic module. One of the connection structures 18 is connected to the outside of the bearing plate area 3, and in this embodiment, it is connected to the outside of the bearing plate area 3 on the left. Of course, the bearing plate area 3 can also be set on the right, and the corresponding connection structure 18 is connected to the outside of the bearing plate area 3 on the right; another connection structure 19 is connected to the outside of the bending connection area 2 on the right. The connection structure 18 on the left side of the tile substrate of a photovoltaic tile can be overlapped on the bending connection area 2 on the right side of the tile substrate of the adjacent photovoltaic tile, and is also located on the connection structure 19 on the right side. The connection here can be overlapped, and the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile is fixed to the purlin 23 of the roof by self-tapping screws 22 at the overlap.

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, in this example, after the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile is connected, when the photovoltaic component 9 is installed, the left edge of the photovoltaic component 9 is supported on the supporting board area 3 of the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile on the left, and the right edge of the photovoltaic component 9 is supported on the supporting board area 3 of the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile on the right.

[0052] As a way of implementation, such as Figure 8-10 As shown, the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a bottom plate area 1, two bearing plate areas 3, two bending connection areas 2, and two connection structures, and the connection structure is a locking edge structure 5.

[0053] The bottom plate area 1 can be a plane or a non-plane. Generally, when a plane is used, a convex or concave reinforcement structure can be set on the plane to improve the rigidity and strength. The two bearing plate areas 3 are located on both sides of the bottom plate area 1 and are used to support the two side edges of the photovoltaic module respectively. The two sides here refer to the two sides that are separated in a direction, such as Figure 1As shown, the left and right sides of the bottom plate area 1 are respectively provided with the bearing plate area 3. Two bending connection areas 2 are respectively connected between the two sides of the bottom plate area 1 and the two bearing plate areas 3, that is, one side of the bottom plate area 1 is connected to a bending connection area 2, and the side of the bending connection area away from the bottom plate area 1 is connected to the bearing plate area 3, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the bending connection area 2 is bent upward relative to the bottom plate area 1, and the bending connection area 2 is bent downward relative to the bearing plate area 3. The bending connection area 2 forms a certain distance difference between the bottom plate area 1 and the bearing plate area 3; the distance difference enables the bearing plate area 3 and the bottom plate area 1 to surround a heat dissipation channel with the photovoltaic module. Two locking structures 5 are respectively connected to the outside of the two bearing plate areas 1. The two locking structures 5 can be directly connected to the outside of the two bearing plate areas 1, or can be connected to the outside of the two bearing plate areas 1 through the connecting plate 4; the locking structure 5 on one side of the tile substrate of a photovoltaic tile can be locked with the locking structure 5 on the other side of the tile substrate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile. The bending directions of the locking structures 5 can be the same or different. In this embodiment, the bending directions of the locking structures 5 are the same, and the bending angle of one of the locking structures 5 is smaller than the bending angle of the other locking structure 5, so that the locking structure 5 on one side of the tile substrate of a photovoltaic tile can cover the locking structure 5 on the other side of the tile substrate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile for locking.

[0054] The tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile of the above structure can be, but is not limited to, a metal plate formed by stamping, rolling and other processes. The metal plate is preferably a plate having an anti-corrosion layer on the surface to improve the corrosion resistance of the plate, and the plate is, for example, but not limited to, a steel plate. The anti-corrosion layer is, for example, but not limited to, a paint layer, a galvanized layer, etc.

[0055] In the above scheme, the two bearing plate areas 3 can be located in the same plane. Since the bearing plate areas 3 are located in the same plane, when installing the photovoltaic module 9, one side of the photovoltaic module 9 in the width direction is supported on one of the bearing plate areas 3, and the other side is supported on the other bearing plate area 3. The photovoltaic module 9 can be better supported. When the supporting effect is good, the requirements for the strength of the photovoltaic module 9 itself can be reduced. As the requirements for its own strength are reduced, the thickness of the photovoltaic module 9 itself can be reduced to reduce weight and manufacturing costs. Generally, the thickness of the photovoltaic module 9 itself can be reduced by reducing the thickness of the glass packaging board on the front of the photovoltaic module 9. As the thickness of the glass packaging board on the front is reduced, the light transmittance of the photovoltaic module 9 is enhanced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is also improved.

[0056] Furthermore, in order to improve the strength of the tile substrate 8 of the photovoltaic tile, a ridge 6 is raised in the middle of the bottom plate area 1, and the ridge 6 extends along the length direction of the bottom plate area 1. The ridge 6 can be formed on the bottom plate area 1 by rolling or stamping. In this embodiment, one ridge 6 is provided. Of course, in other embodiments, two or more ridges 6 can also be provided. When two or more ridges 6 are provided, the intervals between adjacent ridges 6 can be equal or unequal. Generally, as the number of ridges 6 increases, the strength of the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile will also be improved accordingly.

[0057] Furthermore, in order to reduce the thickness of the photovoltaic module 9 to the maximum extent, so as to save costs and reduce the weight of the photovoltaic module 9, the top surface of the ridge 6 is located in the same plane as the bearing plate area 3. In this way, when the photovoltaic module 9 is installed on the tile substrate 8 of the photovoltaic tile, the ridge 6 supports the middle part of the photovoltaic module 9, so the requirements for the rigidity of the photovoltaic module 9 can be reduced. As the requirements for its rigidity are reduced, the thickness of the photovoltaic module 9 can also be reduced accordingly. In order to meet the rigidity requirements of the existing conventional single-glass photovoltaic module, the thickness of the encapsulation glass plate on the top is generally 3.2mm photovoltaic glass, while after adopting the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile of the present application, photovoltaic glass with a thickness of less than 3.2mm can be used.

[0058] Furthermore, in order to further strengthen the strength of the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile, a plurality of reinforcing ribs 7 are provided on the bottom plate area 1, and the extension direction of each reinforcing rib 7 intersects with the length direction of the bottom plate area 1. The convex ridges 6 strengthen the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile in the length direction, and the reinforcing ribs 7 strengthen the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile in the direction intersecting with the length direction.

[0059] The reinforcing rib 7 can be formed by rolling or stamping.

[0060] The reinforcing ribs 7 can be in the shape of a strip, a cross, etc. In this embodiment, the strip shape is used as an example for description. A plurality of reinforcing ribs 7 are evenly arranged side by side at positions different from the ridges 6 on the bottom plate area 1, and the convex direction of the reinforcing ribs 7 is consistent with the convex direction of the ridges 6.

[0061] Furthermore, in order to achieve a better strengthening effect, the extending direction of each reinforcing rib 7 is perpendicular to the length direction of the bottom plate area 1 .

[0062] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the heat dissipation channel has sufficient heat dissipation performance, the plane where the bottom plate area is located is parallel to the plane where the load-bearing plate area is located, and the distance between the two is 2 to 20 cm. This distance is set so that the channel has a sufficient cross-sectional area to ensure sufficient air flow to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic module.

[0063] On the other hand, Figure 11-13As shown, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a photovoltaic tile, including the tile substrate 8 of the photovoltaic tile of the above embodiment. The specific structure and effect of the tile substrate 8 of the photovoltaic tile refer to the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. It also includes a photovoltaic module 9, the edges of both sides of the photovoltaic module 9 are respectively fixed on the bearing plate area 3, the photovoltaic module 9, the bearing plate area 3 and the bottom plate area 1 are surrounded by a heat dissipation channel, and a junction box 10 is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic module 9, and the junction box 10 is located in the heat dissipation channel.

[0064] In the above scheme, after the photovoltaic roof is assembled, the photovoltaic module 9, the junction box 10 and the connection line between the junction box 10 are all located outdoors (the area below the photovoltaic tile substrate 8 is indoors, and the area above the photovoltaic tile substrate 8 is outdoors). There is a layer of photovoltaic tile substrate 8 between the indoor and the photovoltaic module 9, so that the photovoltaic roof has good fireproof performance. In addition, after the photovoltaic module 9 is installed on the photovoltaic tile substrate 8, a heat dissipation channel will be formed between the photovoltaic tile substrate 8 and the photovoltaic module 9. The heat dissipation channel can improve the heat dissipation capacity of the photovoltaic module 9. Specifically, during use, the heat generated by the photovoltaic module when working is transferred to the air in the heat dissipation channel. Since the air in the heat dissipation channel expands due to heat, the density decreases, and it begins to move upward along the heat dissipation channel to form an ascending airflow, and diffuses to the external environment through the opening at the top of the heat dissipation channel. After the airflow in the heat dissipation channel rises, the air pressure in the heat dissipation channel decreases. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, the external air enters from the bottom of the heat dissipation channel, and then expands due to the influence of the photovoltaic module to form an ascending airflow, which circulates in sequence to effectively cool the photovoltaic module. In addition, since the junction box 10 is located outdoors, on the one hand, there is no need to drill holes to connect to the junction box 10 from indoors, and the junction box 10 only needs to be connected outdoors (on the roof) through wires, which improves the convenience of wiring. On the other hand, since there is no need to drill holes and thread wires on the tile substrate 8 of the photovoltaic tile, it is convenient to set a thermal insulation layer on the back of the tile substrate 8 of the photovoltaic tile.

[0065] Furthermore, a plurality of photovoltaic modules 9 are arranged along the length direction of the bottom plate area 1, and a gap 11 is arranged between at least some adjacent photovoltaic modules 9, and the gap can be used to set a pedal for stepping, and the pedal is placed on the tile base of the photovoltaic tile. In other words, the gap can constitute an operation and maintenance channel for the photovoltaic roof.

[0066] In actual use, a row of photovoltaic modules 9 is laid on the tile substrate 8 of the photovoltaic tile, and each photovoltaic module 9 can be closely arranged together. Of course, a gap can also be set between two adjacent photovoltaic modules 9. The gap can be a smaller gap 21, such as but not limited to 5mm, or a larger gap 11, such as but not limited to 30cm, and the larger gap 11 is used as an operation and maintenance gap. Since the surface of the photovoltaic module 9 is provided with glass, if the staff steps on the photovoltaic module 9 during the installation or operation and maintenance process, it is easy to cause irreversible damage to the photovoltaic module 9. After the operation and maintenance gap is set, the pedal is overlapped on the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile at the gap serving as the operation and maintenance gap. When the photovoltaic tile is used for roof paving and subsequent operation and maintenance, the staff can step on the pedal at the gap 11 to work to avoid damage to the photovoltaic module 9. In addition, the smaller gap 21 and / or the larger gap 11 set between the photovoltaic modules 9 can be used as the inlet and outlet of the airflow of the heat dissipation channel to improve the flow of air inside and outside the heat dissipation channel to improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0067] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module 9 is bonded to the support plate area 3. The photovoltaic module 9 can be bonded to the support plate area 3 by means of adhesive or tape, and this method has the effect of convenient operation. The adhesive can be a silicone structural adhesive or other materials, and the tape can be a pressure-sensitive adhesive or tape of other materials.

[0068] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module 9 is a frameless photovoltaic module 9. The weight of the photoresist module can be further reduced. The front and back of the frameless photovoltaic module 9 are both provided with POE (Polyolefin elastomer) encapsulation layers, which can better isolate the battery cells from water vapor.

[0069] like Fig.14 As shown, as an implementable method, the photovoltaic module 9 includes a photovoltaic backboard 12, a POE encapsulation layer 13 is formed on the photovoltaic backboard 12, a battery cell 14 is formed on the POE encapsulation layer 13, the size of the battery cell 14 can be, for example but not limited to, half the size of a conventional battery cell, another POE encapsulation layer 15 is formed on the battery cell 14, and photovoltaic glass 16 is formed on the other POE encapsulation layer 15.

[0070] like Fig.15 As shown, the cells in the photovoltaic module 9 can be connected in series to form a cell string, and the number of cells forming the cell string can be determined according to the specific situation. Two or more cell strings are connected in parallel to form a cell string group, and the cell string groups are connected in series. The cell string group is connected in parallel with a bypass diode 17, and the bypass diode 17 protects the internal circuit of the photoresistor component to reduce the impact of the hot spot effect.

[0071] Furthermore, if Fig.16As shown, in order to facilitate the electrical connection of adjacent photovoltaic modules 9 , a junction box 10 is arranged on the back side of the photovoltaic module 9 along the length direction of the bottom plate area 1 .

[0072] When the photovoltaic tiles are used to build a roof, the photovoltaic tiles can be assembled in a factory and then directly assembled on the construction site. Alternatively, the processing of the photovoltaic tile components can be completed in a factory, and the photovoltaic tiles can be assembled on the construction site before the roof is assembled.

[0073] For example, after completing the processing of the photovoltaic components 9 and the tile substrate 8 of the photovoltaic tile in the factory, glue or tape is applied on the supporting board area 3 of the tile substrate 8 of the photovoltaic tile, and then the photovoltaic components 9 are placed on the supporting board area 3 to be bonded and fixed, and then the photovoltaic tiles are transported to the construction site for assembly on the roof of the building.

[0074] During assembly, the locking edge 5 of one of the adjacent photovoltaic tiles covers the locking edge 5 of the other one, and the two locking edges 5 are pressed together by the locking edge 5 machine, thereby achieving a better waterproof effect.

[0075] The photovoltaic tiles assembled on the roof can be full length or non-full length. Full length here means that it is a complete photovoltaic tile from the ridge to the eaves. When assembling the roof, you only need to assemble multiple photovoltaic tiles side by side along the ridge. Non-full length means that multiple photovoltaic tiles need to be spliced ​​from the ridge to the eaves.

[0076] The photovoltaic tiles can also be assembled at the construction site, that is, the tile substrate 8 of the photovoltaic tile is first installed on the roof of the building, and then glue or tape is applied to the bearing plate area 3 of the tile substrate 8 of the photovoltaic tile, and then the photovoltaic module 9 is placed on the bearing plate area 3 to be bonded and fixed, and finally the junction boxes 10 between adjacent photovoltaic modules 9 are electrically connected together to complete the assembly of the photovoltaic roof.

[0077] For a roof made of the photovoltaic tile assembly profile, since the junction box 10 is located outdoors of the building, when a fire occurs indoors, the photovoltaic assembly 9 is entirely located above the photovoltaic tile substrate 8, and the photovoltaic tile substrate 8 isolates the fire source, so that the entire photovoltaic roof has good fireproof performance.

[0078] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic roof, comprising the photovoltaic tiles of the above embodiment.

[0079] Photovoltaic tiles can adopt a full-length structure or a non-full-length structure.

[0080] When the photovoltaic tile adopts a full-length structure, it only contains one photovoltaic tile from the ridge to the eaves of the photovoltaic roof, that is, the photovoltaic tile is a full-length structure, and the assembly of the photovoltaic roof can be completed by simply laying the photovoltaic tiles side by side along the ridge direction.

[0081] When the photovoltaic tiles adopt a non-through-length structure, during the process of assembling the photovoltaic roof, they need to be assembled along the ridge direction and from the ridge to the eaves.

[0082] Furthermore, at least one photovoltaic tile is locked with the tile base of the photovoltaic tile of the above embodiment, the tile base of the photovoltaic tile extends from the ridge of the photovoltaic roof to the eaves, and a pedal for stepping on is set on the tile base of the photovoltaic tile. In one achievable manner, the photovoltaic tile and the tile base of the photovoltaic tile both adopt a through-length structure, the tile base of the photovoltaic tile can be used as an operation and maintenance channel, and the staff can step on the pedal set on the tile base of the photovoltaic tile to move between the eaves and the ridge for installation or maintenance.

[0083] In order to determine the effect of the heat dissipation channel in this embodiment on the heat dissipation capacity of the photovoltaic tile, a simulation is performed using simulation software to compare the temperature of the existing photovoltaic tile and the photovoltaic tile with the heat dissipation channel structure in this embodiment.

[0084] The simulation conditions are: ambient temperature 20℃, the angle between the photovoltaic tile and the horizontal plane is 5 degrees, the location is Xi'an (34°N, 108°E), and the solar radiation at 2 pm on August 1st is taken to obtain the maximum light.

[0085] After simulation, the upper surface temperature of the photovoltaic tile of this embodiment is 70.50°C, the temperature of the cell is 71.33°C, and the temperature of the tile substrate 8 of the photovoltaic tile is 70.29°C;

[0086] The temperature of the existing photovoltaic tile upper surface is 82.94°C, the temperature of the cell is 86.69°C, and the temperature of the photovoltaic tile substrate 8 is 87.80°C;

[0087] The simulation results show that the temperature of the photovoltaic tile of the present invention is more than 10 degrees Celsius lower than that of the existing photovoltaic tile. The reduction of the temperature of the photovoltaic tile can ensure the stability and reliability of the battery cell on the one hand, and can also reduce the requirements for setting a heat insulation layer on the back of the photovoltaic tile, thereby reducing the cost of use. When the heat insulation layer of the same thickness is used, the indoor temperature of the photovoltaic tile provided by the present embodiment is lower than that of the existing photovoltaic tile.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solution formed by a specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features are replaced with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic tile substrate, characterized in that: include: Baseboard area; At least one bearing plate area, located on at least one side of the bottom plate area and used to bear the side edge of the photovoltaic module; Two bending connection areas are respectively connected to the two sides of the bottom plate area, and the other side of at least one of the bending connection areas is connected to the bearing plate area; the bottom plate area and the bending connection area can enclose a heat dissipation channel with the photovoltaic module; at least one connecting structure, at least the load-bearing plate area is connected to the connecting structure; The connection structure on one side of the tile substrate of one photovoltaic tile can be connected to the other side of the tile substrate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile.

2. The photovoltaic tile substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection structure is a locking structure, each of the bent connection areas is connected to the bearing plate area, and the locking structure on one side of the tile substrate of one photovoltaic tile can be locked with the locking structure on the other side of the tile substrate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile; or, The connection structure is an overlapping structure, and the overlapping structure on one side of the tile substrate of one photovoltaic tile can be overlapped on the bending connection area on the other side of the tile substrate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile.

3. The photovoltaic tile substrate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: When two carrying plate areas are provided, the two carrying plate areas are located in the same plane.

4. The photovoltaic tile substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ridge is raised in the middle of the bottom plate area, and the ridge extends along the length direction of the bottom plate area.

5. The photovoltaic tile substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top surface of the ridge is located in the same plane as the bearing plate area.

6. The photovoltaic tile substrate according to any one of claims 1-2 and 4-5, characterized in that: A plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged on the bottom plate area, and an extending direction of each of the reinforcing ribs intersects with a length direction of the bottom plate area.

7. The photovoltaic tile substrate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plane where the bottom plate area is located is parallel to the plane where the load-bearing plate area is located, and the distance between the two is 2 to 20 cm.

8. A photovoltaic tile, characterized in that: A tile substrate comprising the photovoltaic tile according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a photovoltaic module, wherein the edges on both sides of the photovoltaic module are respectively fixed on the supporting plate area, the photovoltaic module, the supporting plate area and the bottom plate area are surrounded by a heat dissipation channel, a junction box is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic module, and the junction box is located in the heat dissipation channel.

9. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of the photovoltaic modules are arranged along the length direction of the bottom plate area; and gaps for placing pedals are arranged between at least some of the adjacent photovoltaic modules.

10. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The photovoltaic component is bonded to the supporting plate area.

11. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module is a frameless photovoltaic module.

12. A photovoltaic roof, characterized in that: The photovoltaic tile comprises the photovoltaic tile according to any one of claims 8 to 11.

13. The photovoltaic roof according to claim 12, characterized in that: From the ridge to the eaves of the photovoltaic roof, there is only one photovoltaic tile.

14. The photovoltaic roof according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that: At least one of the photovoltaic tiles is connected to the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile according to any one of claims 1-5, the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile extends from the ridge of the photovoltaic roof to the eaves, and a pedal for stepping on is arranged on the tile substrate of the photovoltaic tile.

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