Cantilever centrifugal ultragravity experimental device for material preparation and performance testing

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cantilever centrifugal supergravity experimental device for material preparation and performance testing. The rotor system and the upper drive type spindle complex are installed in the experimental chamber, the bottom of the experimental chamber is installed on the device base, the centrifugal main machine is installed on the lifting system above the experimental chamber and connected to the upper end of the upper drive type spindle complex, the lower end of the upper drive type spindle complex is driven and connected to the rotor system, the lifting system is installed on the device base and is located above the experimental chamber, and the lifting system is connected to the chamber cover of the experimental chamber. The present invention realizes high-throughput preparation of materials under centrifugal supergravity, as well as high-throughput testing of material durability, creep, fatigue, thermomechanical fatigue and other properties under the coupling of body force, surface force and temperature, and the device structure is effective, easy to operate, and safe and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an experimental device in the field of centrifugal supergravity material preparation and performance testing, and in particular to a cantilever type centrifugal supergravity experimental device for material preparation and performance testing. Background Art

[0002] Materials are important carriers for realizing science and technology and concepts, and are the material basis for social development and human progress. The traditional new material research and development process is long and requires a lot of investment. In addition, due to the nonlinear relationship between material composition, structure and performance, it is difficult to achieve material design for actual performance requirements. In order to solve the problems of long research and development cycles and high research and development costs for new materials in my country, the country launched the Materials Genome Project in 2016, aiming to achieve a shift in the research and development of high-performance structural materials from "experience-guided experiments" to "theoretical prediction and experimental verification". The core content of the "Material Genome Project" is high-throughput material preparation technology and high-throughput testing technology for material performance.

[0003] Among the high-throughput material preparation technologies reported, the combined thin film preparation technology is the most mature, but it can only prepare two-dimensional materials and cannot achieve high-throughput preparation of bulk materials. The existing supergravity performance test devices reported in Reference 1 (201910538197.7, fixed experimental chamber used in supergravity environment), Reference 2 (201910538193.9, material performance test system under fixed multi-field coupling in supergravity environment), Reference 3 (201910539151.7, material performance test system under suspended multi-field coupling in supergravity environment), and Reference 4 (201910853672.X, multifunctional experimental chamber of airborne supergravity centrifugal simulation device) are only suitable for arm centrifuges, and can only suspend two experimental chambers at a time. Considering the dynamic balance of the centrifugal supergravity host and the airborne device, the experimental content and center of mass of the two experimental chambers must be the same, so that only one type of experiment can be completed each time, and multiple types of experiments cannot be realized on one device at the same time, so the experimental efficiency is low and the experimental cost is high.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new methods and technologies for high-throughput bulk material preparation and performance testing with controllable composition and organization, to achieve rapid integrated design of materials, and to fundamentally change the R&D model in the materials field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims at the fact that the existing material preparation or performance testing experiments based on ultragravity centrifugal experimental devices can only carry out one type of experiment at a time, and it is impossible to complete multiple types of experiments, i.e., high-throughput experiments, on one device at the same time. The present invention discloses a centrifugal ultragravity experimental device that can realize high-throughput material preparation or high-throughput performance testing, solves the key problem that restricts high-throughput material preparation and high-throughput performance testing under high-speed rotation, significantly improves the efficiency of material preparation and testing, reduces costs, and provides a cantilever centrifugal ultragravity experimental device that is simple to assemble, easy to use, has a high safety factor, and is suitable for high-throughput material preparation and performance testing.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention comprises a centrifugal main machine, a rotor system, an experimental chamber, a lifting system and an upper-driven spindle complex; the rotor system and the upper-driven spindle complex are installed in the experimental chamber, the bottom of the experimental chamber is installed on a device base, the centrifugal main machine is installed on the lifting system above the experimental chamber and connected to the upper end of the upper-driven spindle complex, the lower end of the upper-driven spindle complex is drivingly connected to the rotor system, the lifting system is installed on the device base and is located above the experimental chamber, and the lifting system is connected to a chamber cover of the experimental chamber.

[0008] The experimental chamber comprises an experimental chamber, a protective shell, an experimental chamber cover, a vertical elbow clamp and a support; the bottom of the experimental chamber is fixedly installed on the device base through the support, and the top of the experimental chamber is open and provided with an experimental chamber cover; three vertical elbow clamps are evenly distributed and fixedly installed along the circumference of the top surface of the experimental chamber around the experimental chamber cover, and the experimental chamber cover is fixed to the experimental chamber through the vertical elbow clamp, and the vertical elbow clamp is specifically a snap-on connection and locking structure; the contact surface between the experimental chamber cover and the experimental chamber is sealed with an O-type rubber ring, and a vacuum interface is opened on the side wall of the experimental chamber, and the vacuum interface is connected to an external ground vacuum system or an inflation system; three layers of protective shells are arranged around the inside of the experimental chamber.

[0009] The lifting system includes a drive motor, a coupling, a lead screw guide rail, a bracket, a nut block, and a vertical guide rail; the lifting bracket is installed on the device base on the side of the experimental chamber, the drive motor is fixed on the top of the lifting bracket, the output shaft of the drive motor is downwardly connected through a coupling and a lead screw, the lead screw is arranged vertically, and a nut block is installed on the lead screw through a thread, and the nut block is axially movably mounted on a vertical guide rail arranged parallel to the lead screw to form a lead screw nut pair; the drive motor drives the lead screw to rotate and then drives the nut block to move up and down along the vertical guide rail.

[0010] The centrifugal main engine comprises a centrifugal motor, an upper bearing bracket, a speed sensor, a displacement sensor and a motor support; the motor support is fixed to the side of the nut block of the lifting system, the centrifugal motor is fixedly installed on the motor support, the bottom of the motor support is fixedly connected to the experimental chamber cover of the experimental chamber, an upper-driven spindle complex is installed on the side of the centrifugal motor, the upper-driven spindle complex is supported and installed on the upper bearing bracket, the upper bearing bracket is fixedly connected to the motor support, the output shaft of the centrifugal motor is connected to the upper-driven spindle complex downward through the belt transmission structure, driving the upper-driven spindle complex to rotate; a speed sensor is fixedly installed on the top surface of the experimental chamber cover beside the side of the upper-driven spindle complex, a displacement sensor is fixedly connected and installed on the lower part of the upper-driven spindle complex, and the lower end of the upper-driven spindle complex is connected to the rotor system.

[0011] The top-driven spindle complex comprises a slip ring, a slip ring shaft, a spindle, a small pulley, a magnetic fluid sealing structure, a sealing flange, a connecting flange and a tightening sleeve; the upper sleeve of the spindle is provided with a slip ring shaft and a shaft collar portion in order from top to bottom; the lower end of the slip ring shaft is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the spindle, and a slip ring is sleeved on the outer surface of the slip ring shaft; the spindle below the slip ring shaft is partially provided with an annular outer flange as a shaft collar portion, the outer circumferential surface of the shaft collar portion is provided as an outer conical surface inclined downward, the inner circumferential surface of the small pulley is provided as an inner conical surface inclined downward, the small pulley is coaxially sleeved on the shaft collar portion of the spindle through the inner and outer conical surfaces, and the small pulley is sleeved on the shaft collar portion of the spindle through the inner and outer conical surfaces. The pulley is synchronously connected and driven by the output shaft of the centrifugal motor through the belt. The main shaft between the slip ring shaft and the shaft collar is sleeved in the through hole of the upper bearing bracket of the centrifugal main machine through the bearing. The middle part of the main shaft is sleeved with a magnetic fluid sealing structure and a sealing flange from top to bottom in sequence. The magnetic fluid sealing structure includes a bearing cover, a deep groove ball bearing, a housing and an O-ring. The housing is sleeved outside the main shaft, and a radial gap is formed between the housing and the middle part of the main shaft to form a swimming cavity. Deep groove ball bearings are installed on the upper and lower sides of the swimming cavity, so that the housing and the main shaft are rotatably connected through the deep groove ball bearings. The upper end of the swimming cavity is provided with a radial gap between the housing and the main shaft. The shell is open and equipped with a bearing cover, which is sleeved on the outside of the main shaft and axially limits the deep groove ball bearing; the shell is closed at the lower end to form a closed end, and the closed end of the lower end of the shell and the main shaft are sealed; the lower end of the shell is provided with an outer flange, and the outer flange is provided with a connecting hole, and the bolt passes through the connecting hole and is connected to the top surface of the experimental chamber cover, so that the lower end of the shell is fixedly connected to the top surface of the experimental chamber cover, and the lower end surface of the shell is provided with an annular groove, and an O-ring is installed in the annular groove, and the lower end surface of the shell and the top surface of the experimental chamber cover are sealed by the O-ring; the sealing flange is located in the experimental chamber The sealing flange is provided with an annular step, and an annular groove is provided on the surface of the annular step. A sealing ring is installed in the annular groove, and a lower end of the main shaft is coaxially fixed with the connecting flange through a tightening sleeve and a connecting flange, and the lower end of the connecting flange is connected with the rotor system of the centrifugal supergravity device.

[0012] The rotor system includes a hanging cup arm, a hanging cup and a hanging pin; the lower end of the main shaft of the top-driven main shaft complex passes through the central through hole of the experimental chamber cover and extends into the experimental chamber, the center of the top surface of the hanging arm and the sealing flange at the bottom end of the main shaft are coaxially fixed, and the two ends of the hanging arm are symmetrically hinged with hanging cups, and the hanging cups are hinged to the ends of the hanging arms through hanging pins; the center of the bottom surface of the hanging arm can be rotatably supported on the top of the central support shaft, and the bottom end of the support shaft is vertically fixed to the center of the bottom of the experimental chamber. The material preparation or performance testing device is mounted in the hanging cup of the rotor system. The rotor system can be designed to carry one or more sets of hanging cups to adapt to the preparation of multiple materials in a single experiment or to complete various types of material performance testing experiments.

[0013] A viewing window is provided on the bottom surface of the experimental cavity, a monitor is installed on the device base below the viewing window, the monitor faces the viewing window and shoots the experimental conditions in the experimental cavity through the viewing window.

[0014] In the magnetic fluid sealing structure, the oil seal is a fluororubber oil seal made by SKF.

[0015] In the rotor system, a hanging cup arm and a hanging pin between the hanging cups are sheathed with a shaft elastic retaining ring.

[0016] The rotation speed sensor measures the rotation speed of the spindle in the top-driven spindle complex, and the displacement sensor measures the vibration of the spindle in the top-driven spindle complex.

[0017] The present invention provides a cantilevered centrifugal ultragravity experimental device platform suitable for high-throughput material preparation and performance testing. By being equipped with a high-temperature melting and casting system and a material performance testing device, high-throughput preparation of materials under high-speed rotation and high-throughput testing of material properties such as durability, creep, fatigue, and thermomechanical fatigue can be achieved, thereby solving the key problem that a single experiment under high-speed rotation cannot prepare multiple types of materials or complete multiple types of performance testing experiments.

[0018] The top-driven spindle complex of the present invention can be applied to high-speed rotating working conditions with a rotation speed greater than 50,000 rpm, can carry a load weighing more than 500 kg, and has the advantages of -2 It has the feasibility of use in high vacuum environment, has the ability to automatically level by the load's own weight at low speed, and also has the function of automatically separating the load from the spindle in the event of an accident. The structure is modularly designed, easy to install and disassemble, and has strong adaptability and expandability.

[0019] In the top-driven spindle complex structure of the present invention, the magnetic fluid sealing structure, the sealing flange and the oil seal constitute the sealing and lubrication system of the spindle complex. The sealing flange and the oil seal are used to achieve a primary seal. When their sealing effect cannot meet the requirements of 10 -2 When the high vacuum requirement is 1000 Pa, the magnetic fluid sealing structure can achieve secondary sealing, solving the key problem that the existing spindle cannot simultaneously meet the special requirements of overload protection and high vacuum under high-speed rotation, so that the spindle complex of the invention can adapt to various working conditions such as vacuum, non-vacuum, dynamic sealing, etc., and has the characteristics of a wide range of applications. If the spindle complex works under non-vacuum conditions, the magnetic fluid sealing structure can be removed.

[0020] In the top-driven spindle complex of the present invention, the connecting flange and the expansion sleeve are connected to the rotor system of the airborne device of the centrifugal supergravity device. This structure enables the connecting flange and the expansion sleeve to be directly connected to the load, and under the action of the load's own gravity, the balance can be automatically found with the spindle as the axis center; after the load is installed, the dynamic balance of the rotor system and the spindle system is debugged at a low speed; because the connecting flange is a free end, under high speed conditions, the free shaking of the rotor system and the end of the spindle can avoid the formation of an over-static structure, so that dynamic balance can be achieved again under high speed conditions, which is beneficial to the long-term safe operation of the top-driven spindle complex under high speed and super large load.

[0021] In the top-driven spindle complex of the present invention, the connecting flange and the expansion sleeve are connected to the rotor system of the airborne device of the centrifugal supergravity device. This structure allows the connecting flange and the expansion sleeve to be directly connected to the load. During the high-speed test, once the load is damaged or accidentally caused by centrifugal action, if the expansion sleeve connected to the spindle is subjected to an instantaneous force exceeding the design requirements, the inner and outer sleeves of the expansion sleeve will expand and contract inside and outside, reducing the friction generated by the spindle and the containing surface of the expansion sleeve 51. The spindle is protected by the different speed rotation of the spindle and the expansion sleeve. When the weight of the rotor system is greater than the friction generated by the containing surface of the expansion sleeve 51, the rotor system automatically falls off from the spindle under the action of gravity and falls directly to the bottom of the experimental cabin; after the spindle complex is unloaded, it automatically regains balance again under the action of its own gravity to avoid damage. This structure is easy to install and disassemble. When the spindle is overloaded or an accident occurs, the expansion sleeve automatically loses the connection with the transmission system of the centrifugal supergravity device, so that the spindle complex is protected from damage.

[0022] The beneficial effects and features of the present invention are:

[0023] The cantilever centrifugal ultra-gravity experimental device for material preparation and performance testing provided by the present invention is equipped with a centrifugal ultra-gravity melting and casting system, and the rotor system is designed as Fig.13 Each experiment centrifuge host can carry 3 pairs (A1-A2, B1-B2, C1-C2) of hanging cups 2-2, and each pair of hanging cups is placed with one type or different types of materials. During the solidification process, through the buoyancy factor Δρng generated by supergravity (Δρ is the density difference between the precipitated phase and the alloy melt, ng is the centrifugal supergravity) and the centrifugal force gradient distribution along the solidification direction, by precisely controlling parameters such as temperature, cooling rate, and supergravity parameters, the nucleation and growth behavior and the solidification structure formation sequence are regulated to obtain materials with composition and organization gradients, thereby achieving high-throughput preparation of 3 groups of similar or different types of materials at a time, shortening the material research and development cycle by 40%, and reducing the research and development cost by more than 50%.

[0024] The cantilever centrifugal ultragravity experimental device for material preparation and performance testing provided by the present invention is equipped with a material performance testing system in a centrifugal force-high temperature coupling environment, and the rotor system is designed as Fig.13 , each experiment centrifuge host can carry 3 pairs (A1-A2, B1-B2, C1-C2) of hanging cups 2-2, each pair of hanging cups completes one type or different types of material performance experiments, so that each time can complete 3 groups of similar or different types of material performance test experiments at the same time. During the performance test, by adjusting the heating temperature, ultra-gravity parameters, surface force loading block mass, etc., a single experiment can simultaneously test the mechanical properties of 3 similar or different materials such as durability, creep, fatigue, etc., thereby solving the high-throughput testing problem of material dynamic performance testing under the coupling of volume force-surface force-temperature under high-speed rotation, greatly accelerating the key performance test cycle in the component finalization process, and effectively improving the efficiency of new product research and development.

[0025] The centrifugal mainframe of the present invention has the ability to provide 1500g-50000g ultra-gravity environment, the rotor system has the ability to carry high-temperature melting furnace, mechanical performance testing system and other experimental devices, the experimental chamber has the ability to provide vacuum or flush inert gas, and has the ability to carry out high-throughput testing experiments on the dynamic performance of materials in various atmospheres, which is conducive to comparative research on the mechanical properties of different types of materials in the same atmosphere, and greatly facilitates the screening speed of the best performance materials. The device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and is safe and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is the overall front view of the device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the experimental chamber;

[0028] Figure 3 is a side view of the lifting system;

[0029] Figure 4 It is the front view of the lifting system;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural side view of the centrifugal main engine;

[0031] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the rotor system;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the top-driven spindle complex;

[0033] Figure 8 It is the structural diagram of the main axis;

[0034] Fig. 9 It is the local connection structure diagram of the slip ring shaft and the main shaft;

[0035] Fig.10 It is a structural cross-sectional view of a magnetic fluid sealing structure;

[0036] Fig.11 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the sealing flange;

[0037] Fig.12 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the small pulley;

[0038] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the hanging cup arrangement of the rotor system design;

[0039] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the hanging cup when the airborne device is an arm-type centrifuge;

[0040] Fig.15 It is the load spectrum of material endurance and creep experiments under the coupling of body force, surface force and temperature;

[0041] Fig.16 It is the load spectrum of material fatigue test under the coupling of body force, surface force and temperature;

[0042] Fig.17 It is the load spectrum of the material thermomechanical fatigue experiment under the coupling of body force, surface force and temperature.

[0043] The reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0044] Centrifugal main machine 1: 1-1 centrifugal motor, 1-3 upper bearing bracket, 1-4 speed sensor, 1-5 displacement sensor, 1-6 supporting shaft, 1-7 motor support.

[0045] Rotor system 2: 2-1 hanging cup arm, 2-2 hanging cup, 2-3 hanging pin, 2-4 elastic retaining ring for shaft.

[0046] Experimental chamber 3: 3-1 chamber body, 3-2 protective shell, 3-3 chamber cover, 3-4 vertical elbow clamp, 3-5 O-ring, 3-6 support, 3-7 monitor, 3-8 window, 3-9 vacuum interface.

[0047] Lifting system 4: 4-1 driving motor, 4-2 coupling, 4-3 screw guide, 4-4 bracket, 4-5 nut block, 4-6 vertical guide.

[0048] Top-driven spindle complex 5: slip ring 51, slip ring shaft 52, spindle 59, small pulley 510, magnetic fluid sealing structure 511, sealing flange 513, connecting flange 515, expansion sleeve 516; 511-2 bearing cover; 511-3 deep groove ball bearing; 511-4 housing; 511-5 swimming cavity; 511-6 connecting hole; 511-7 O-ring; 513-1 oil seal; 513-2 elastic retaining ring for hole; 513-3 sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementations.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the entire device specifically implemented includes a centrifuge main unit 1, a rotor system 2, an experimental chamber 3, a lifting system 4 and an upper-driven spindle complex 5; the rotor system 2 and the upper-driven spindle complex 5 are installed in the experimental chamber 3, the bottom of the experimental chamber 3 is installed on the device base, the centrifuge main unit 1 is installed on the lifting system 4 above the experimental chamber 3 and is connected to the upper end of the upper-driven spindle complex 5, the lower end of the upper-driven spindle complex 5 is drivingly connected to the rotor system 2, the lifting system 4 is installed on the device base and is located above the experimental chamber 3, and the lifting system 4 is connected to the chamber cover of the experimental chamber 3.

[0051] The material performance test process using the device of the present invention meets the requirements of high temperature resistance, special atmosphere environment, and super gravity. Considering the operating environment of this device, mainly the impact of super gravity, the structure of the device of the present invention is a high-strength and light-weight modular design, with a short experimental preparation cycle and a safe and reliable testing process.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the experimental chamber 3 provides an experimental environment. The experimental chamber 3 includes an experimental chamber 3-1, a protective shell 3-2, an experimental chamber cover 3-3, a vertical toggle clamp 3-4 and a support 3-6; the bottom of the experimental chamber 3-1 is fixedly mounted on the base of the device through the support 3-6, and the top of the experimental chamber 3-1 is open and provided with an experimental chamber cover 3-3; three vertical toggle clamps 3-4 are evenly distributed and fixedly mounted on the top surface of the experimental chamber 3-1 around the experimental chamber cover 3-3 along the circumference, and the experimental chamber cover 3-3 is fixed to the experimental chamber 3-1 through the vertical toggle clamps 3-4, and the vertical toggle clamps 3-4 are specifically a snap-on connection and locking structure; the experimental chamber cover 3-3 is made of high-strength steel plate. After the experimental chamber cover 3-3 is covered, it is pressed tightly with three manual vertical toggle clamps 3-4 to prevent debris from flying out and hitting the experimental chamber cover 3-3 during the test. The experimental chamber cover 3-3 needs to completely eliminate the vacuum in the experimental chamber 3 and restore the normal pressure before it can be opened.

[0053] The contact surface between the experimental chamber cover 3-3 and the experimental chamber body 3-1 is sealed with an O-type rubber ring 3-5 to ensure the required vacuum degree of the experimental chamber 3. During the test, the chamber is evacuated to a vacuum of 10 -2Pa, to avoid power consumption and temperature rise caused by high-speed rotation of rotor system 2 in the air; when the vacuum degree in test chamber 3 does not meet the requirements, overspeed rotation test of rotor system 2 is not allowed. A vacuum interface 3-9 is provided on the side wall of test chamber 3-1, and vacuum interface 3-7 is connected to the external ground vacuum system or inflation system. Once an accident occurs in the experiment, inert gas can be quickly flushed into test chamber 3; three layers of protective shell 3-2 are arranged around the inside of test chamber 3-1, and protective shell 3-2 is used to fully deform after impact to absorb destructive energy, and to prevent fragments from flying out, prevent serious damage to the test bench, and avoid any injury to the test personnel. Protective shell 3-2 is welded by high-strength steel plate material, and the weld is 100% radiographically inspected. Porosity, slag inclusions, and cracks are not allowed in the weld. Protective shell 3-2 is used to safely absorb the energy released when an accident occurs during the test, prevent fragments from flying out, prevent serious damage to the test bench, and avoid any injury to the test personnel.

[0054] A window 3-8 is provided on the bottom surface of the experimental cavity 3-1, and the window 3-8 is used to observe the conditions in the experimental cavity 3. A monitor 3-7 is installed on the device base below the window 3-8, and the monitor 3-7 faces the window 3-8 and shoots the experimental conditions in the experimental cavity 3-1 through the window 3-8.

[0055] Three supports 3 - 6 installed at the bottom of the cavity 3 - 1 are used to support the test cavity 3 .

[0056] The main function of the lifting system 4 is to lift or lower the chamber cover 3 - 3 and the rotor system 2 .

[0057] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the lifting system 4 includes a drive motor 4-1, a coupling 4-2, a lead screw guide rail 4-3, a bracket 4-4, a nut block 4-5, and a vertical guide rail 4-6; the lifting bracket 4-4 is installed on the device base on the side of the experimental chamber 3, the drive motor 4-1 is fixed on the top of the lifting bracket 4-4, the output shaft of the drive motor 4-1 is downwardly connected through the coupling 4-2 and the lead screw 4-3, the lead screw 4-3 is vertically arranged and supported and installed on the lifting bracket 4-4, the lead screw 4-3 is threadedly installed with a nut block 4-5, and the nut block 4-5 is axially movable on the vertical guide rail 4-6 arranged parallel to the lead screw 4-3, and the vertical guide rail is also supported and installed on the lifting bracket 4-4 to form a lead screw nut pair; the drive motor 4-1 drives the lead screw 4-3 to rotate and then drives the nut block 4-5 to move up and down along the vertical guide rail 4-6;

[0058] The main function of the centrifuge main unit 1 is to provide centrifugal supergravity for the material performance testing device under the centrifugal supergravity.

[0059] like Figure 5As shown, the centrifugal main machine 1 includes a centrifugal motor 1-1, an upper bearing bracket 1-3, a speed sensor 1-4, a displacement sensor 1-5, a support shaft 1-6 and a motor support 1-7; the motor support 1-7 is fixed to the side of the nut block of the lifting system 4, the centrifugal motor 1-1 is fixedly installed on the motor support 1-7, the bottom of the motor support 1-7 is fixedly connected to the experimental chamber cover 3-3 of the experimental chamber 3, and an upper drive type spindle complex 5 is installed on the side of the centrifugal motor 1-1, and the upper drive type spindle complex 5 is supported and installed on the upper bearing bracket 1-3, and the upper bearing The bracket 1-3 is fixedly connected to the motor support 1-7, and the function of the upper bearing bracket 1-3 is to support the slip ring shaft 52 in the upper drive type spindle complex 5; the output shaft of the centrifugal motor 1-1 is connected to the upper drive type spindle complex 5 through the belt transmission structure downward, driving the upper drive type spindle complex 5 to rotate; the inner top surface of the experimental chamber cover 3-3 is fixedly installed with a speed sensor 1-4 beside the side of the upper drive type spindle complex 5, and the lower part of the upper drive type spindle complex 5 is fixedly connected and installed with a displacement sensor 1-5, and the lower end of the upper drive type spindle complex 5 is connected to the rotor system 2;

[0060] The centrifugal motor 1-1 provides power for the centrifugal main machine 1. The power calculation and motor selection are important components in the design of the centrifugal main machine. The power calculation is performed according to the working requirements of the centrifuge to reasonably determine the power of the motor.

[0061] The speed sensors 1-4 are used to measure the speed of the spindle 59 in the top-driven spindle complex 5. They are used in conjunction with various speed digital display instruments and directly connected to computer interface circuits, and can measure the speed and line speed without contact.

[0062] The displacement sensors 1-5 are fixed on the upper-driven spindle complex 5 to monitor the vibration of the spindle 59 in the upper-driven spindle complex 5. During the test, an alarm is triggered when the vibration amplitude of the spindle 59 is greater than 0.1 mm, and the spindle 59 is automatically shut down when the vibration amplitude is greater than 0.3 mm. The vibration amplitude alarm and shutdown values ​​can be flexibly set according to different test needs, while ensuring the smooth progress of the test process, minimizing damage to the spindle 59 as much as possible and increasing the service life of the spindle 59.

[0063] like Figure 7 As shown, the top-driven spindle complex 5 includes a slip ring 51, a slip ring shaft 52, a spindle 59, a small pulley 510, a magnetic fluid sealing structure 511, a sealing flange 513, a connecting flange 515 and a tightening sleeve 516; Fig. 9As shown, the upper part of the main shaft 59 is provided with a slip ring shaft 52 and a shaft ring part in order from top to bottom; the lower end of the slip ring shaft 52 is coaxially fixed with the upper end of the main shaft 59, and the slip ring 51 is provided on the outer sleeve of the slip ring shaft 52; the slip ring 51 is used to realize power supply, communication and air supply between the airborne device of the centrifugal supergravity device and the ground power supply, control system and cooling system. The inner ring rotor of the slip ring 51 is tightly sleeved on the slip ring shaft 52, and the inner ring rotor of the slip ring 51 rotates with the main shaft 59, and the slip ring 51 can be conveniently replaced as needed; the outer ring rotor of the slip ring 51 is fixed to the inner top surface of the experimental chamber.

[0064] like Figure 8 and Fig.12 As shown, the main shaft 59 below the slip ring shaft 52 is partially provided with an annular outer flange as a collar portion, the outer circumferential surface of the collar portion is set as an outer conical surface inclined downward, and the inner circumferential surface of the small pulley 510 is set as an inner conical surface inclined downward, that is, both are conical surfaces with a small upper end and a large lower end. The small pulley 510 is coaxially sleeved on the collar portion of the main shaft 59 through the inner and outer conical surfaces. The small pulley 510 is synchronously connected and driven with the output shaft of the centrifugal motor 1-1 through a belt, and the main shaft 59 between the slip ring shaft 52 and the collar portion is sleeved in the through hole of the upper bearing bracket 1-3 of the centrifugal host 1 through a bearing;

[0065] The small pulley 510 inputs torque to the main shaft complex. The small pulley 510 is connected to the rotor system of the airborne device of the centrifugal supergravity device. The small pulley 510 is connected to the main shaft 59 through the mounting hole to transmit the rotational torque to the main shaft 59. According to the needs, the transmission ratio of the small pulley is adjusted to meet different speed working conditions, which has strong adaptability and expansibility. The small pulley 510 and the power system of the centrifugal supergravity device transmit torque through a flat belt. The flat belt is elastic and can alleviate impact and vibration loads. It runs smoothly and without noise. When overloaded, the belt slips on the wheel to prevent damage to other parts.

[0066] In contrast, the present invention uses a belt transmission structure between the centrifugal motor 1-1 and the upper drive type spindle complex 5. The material of the transmission flat belt of the belt transmission structure is canvas, which performs speed increase transmission, and the transmission ratio can be adjusted as needed. The transmission flat belt is elastic, which can alleviate the impact and vibration load, and runs smoothly without noise; when overloaded, the belt slips on the wheel, which can prevent damage to other parts.

[0067] like Figure 7 As shown, the middle part of the main shaft 59 is sequentially provided with a magnetic fluid sealing structure 511 and a sealing flange 513 from top to bottom;

[0068] like Fig.10As shown, the magnetic fluid sealing structure 511 includes a bearing cover 511-2, a deep groove ball bearing 511-3, a housing 511-4 and an O-ring 511-7; the housing 511-4 is sleeved outside the main shaft 59, and a radial gap is provided between the housing 511-4 and the middle of the main shaft 59 to form a swimming cavity 511-5, and the bearing seat 511 is sealed and fixed to the end surface of the central through hole of the top plate of the centrifugal supergravity experimental cavity, and deep groove ball bearings 511 are installed on the upper and lower sides of the swimming cavity. -3, so that the housing 511-4 and the main shaft 59 are rotatably connected through the deep groove ball bearing 511-3, the housing 511-4 at the upper end of the swimming cavity 511-5 is open and is installed with a bearing cover 511-2, the bearing cover 511-2 is sleeved outside the main shaft 59 and axially limits the deep groove ball bearing 511-3; the housing 511-4 at the lower end is closed to form a closed end, and the closed end of the lower end of the housing 511-4 and the main shaft 59 are sealed and connected;

[0069] The lower end of the shell 511-4 is provided with an outer flange, and a connection hole 511-6 is provided on the outer flange. The bolt passes through the connection hole 511-6 and is connected to the top surface of the experimental chamber cover 3-3, so that the lower end of the shell 511-4 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the experimental chamber cover 3-3, so that the magnetic fluid sealing structure 511 is fixed to the centrifugal supergravity device through the connection hole 511-6. The lower end surface of the shell 511-4 is provided with an annular groove, and an O-ring 511-7 is installed in the annular groove, so that the lower end surface of the shell 511-4 and the top surface of the experimental chamber cover 3-3 are sealed and matched through the O-ring 511-7;

[0070] The magnetic fluid sealing structure 511, the main shaft 59 and the small pulley 510 form a fixed-mobile support structure. This fixed-mobile support structure design can compensate for the length change of the main shaft 59 caused by thermal deformation and manufacturing and installation errors.

[0071] The main shaft 59 is an important part of the main shaft complex for transmitting torque. Different types of materials can be selected according to the transmitted torque, but the material must have strong strength and toughness.

[0072] The magnetic fluid sealing structure 511 provides a high level dynamic seal for the main shaft 59, and the magnet and magnetic shoe ring used to produce the magnetic fluid seal are placed in the swimming cavity 511-5. The magnetic fluid sealing structure 511 is connected to the main shaft 59 through the mounting hole 511-1, and the main shaft 59 and the magnetic fluid sealing structure 511 are connected by a pair of angular contact ball bearings 511-3; the angular contact ball bearings 511-3 are arranged back to back, the span between the fulcrums is large, the cantilever length is small, and the cantilever end support stiffness is large.

[0073] like Fig.11As shown, the sealing flange 513 is located in the experimental cavity 3-1 and is fixed to the bottom surface of the experimental cavity cover 3-3 by bolts, and an annular notch groove is provided on the inner circumference of the top, and an oil seal 513-1 is installed in the annular notch groove, and an elastic retaining ring 513-2 for holes is provided on the upper side of the oil seal 513-1, and the elastic retaining ring 513-2 for holes is embedded in the annular retaining ring groove provided on the inner circumference of the annular notch groove of the sealing flange 513; an annular step is provided on the top surface of the sealing flange 513, and an annular groove is provided on the surface of the annular step, and a sealing ring 513-3 is installed in the annular groove, and the top surface of the sealing flange 513 and the bottom surface of the experimental cavity cover 3-3 are sealed and matched by the sealing ring 513-3;

[0074] The sealing flange 513 provides a static seal between the main shaft complex and the vacuum test chamber of the centrifugal super gravity device. The sealing flange 513 is installed on the main shaft 59, and the sealing ring 513-3 that provides a static seal for the sealing flange 513 is installed in the groove 513-2. The sealing flange 513 is installed on the top of the vacuum test chamber of the centrifugal super gravity device by bolts. The sealing ring 513-3 provides a seal for the sealing flange 513 to isolate the external atmospheric pressure from the internal vacuum chamber, and has good sealing performance, long service life, compact structure, and convenient assembly and disassembly.

[0075] The lower end of the main shaft 59 is coaxially fixedly connected to the connecting flange 515 through the expansion sleeve 516, and the lower end of the connecting flange 515 is connected to the rotor system of the centrifugal supergravity device; when the main shaft 59 rotates at high speed, the connecting flange 515 is fixed and the expansion sleeve 516 rotates with the main shaft 59. The expansion sleeve 516 makes the manufacturing and installation of parts simple. Since the expansion sleeve 516 relies on friction transmission, there is no need to groove the main shaft 59, avoiding the influence of the groove on the strength of the main shaft 59. The expansion sleeve 516 is easy to disassemble and has good interchangeability.

[0076] According to the torque and load transmitted by the main shaft 59, the selection principle of the expansion sleeve 516 is: Transmission torque: M t ≥a×M; Axial force: F t ≥a×F x ; Transmission force: F t ≥a×(F x 2 +(M×d×10 -3 / 2) 2 ) 0.5 ; Bear radial force: P t ≥a×F r ×10 3 / d / l, where: a: safety factor; M: torque to be transmitted, kN·m; Fx: axial force to be borne, kN; Ft: radial force to be borne, kN; Mt: rated torque of the expansion sleeve, kN·m; Ft: rated axial force of the expansion sleeve, kN; d, l: inner diameter and inner ring width of the expansion sleeve, mm; Pt: pressure on the joint surface between the expansion sleeve and the shaft, N∕mm2 .

[0077] The oil seal 513-1 uses SKF's fluororubber oil seal, which is suitable for high temperature resistance and high limit speed working environment, and provides secondary dynamic sealing for the main shaft complex.

[0078] The main function of the rotor system 2 is to provide the centrifugal ultragravity environment required for the experiment.

[0079] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the rotor system 2 includes a cup arm 2-1, a cup 2-2 and a pin 2-3; the lower end of the main shaft 59 of the top-driven spindle complex 5 passes through the central through hole of the experimental chamber cover 3-3 and extends into the experimental chamber 3-1, the center of the top surface of the arm 2-1 and the sealing flange 513 at the bottom end of the main shaft 59 are coaxially fixed, and the two ends of the arm 2-1 are symmetrically hinged with cups 2-2, and the cups 2-2 are hinged to the ends of the arm 2-1 through the pin 2-3; the center of the bottom surface of the arm 2-1 can be rotatably supported on the top of the central support shaft 1-6, and the bottom end of the support shaft 1-6 is vertically fixed to the bottom center of the experimental chamber 3-1. During the engineering test of the device, the arm 2-1 is the main load-bearing part and is made of a material with high thermal strength. The pin 2-3 connects the arm 2-1 and the cup 2-2, which is the main force point and is made of high-strength material. The hanging cup 2-2 is used to place high-temperature heating and performance testing devices, and the size can be adjusted according to the weight of the onboard device.

[0080] The supporting shaft 1-6 is used to support the upper-driven spindle complex 5 to prevent the lower part of the upper-driven spindle complex 5 from shaking during high-speed rotation.

[0081] The hanging pin 2-3 between the hanging cup arm 2-1 and the hanging cup 2-2 is sheathed with an elastic retaining ring 2-4 for the shaft, and the elastic retaining ring 2-4 for the shaft is mainly used to fix the axial movement of the hanging cup 2-2 and provide the safety of the hanging cup 2-2 during high-speed rotation.

[0082] According to the above-mentioned top-driven spindle complex structure of the present invention, in the torque output structure, by connecting the flange 515 and the expansion sleeve 516 design, the friction transmission characteristics of the expansion sleeve 516 are utilized, and there is no need to groove the surface of the spindle 59, thereby avoiding the influence of the grooves on the strength of the spindle 59. At the same time, when the spindle 59 is overloaded, the expansion sleeve 516 expands inwardly and contracts outwardly through the inner and outer sleeves, thereby reducing the friction generated by the containing surface of the spindle 59 and the expansion sleeve 516. With the help of the different speed rotation of the spindle 59 and the expansion sleeve 516, overload protection of the spindle 59 is achieved; according to the load and speed, the transmission ratio of the small pulley 510 is flexibly adjusted to meet different speed working conditions, and it has strong adaptability and expansibility. The small pulley 510 and the power system of the centrifugal supergravity device transmit torque through a flat belt. The flat belt is elastic and can alleviate impact and vibration loads, running smoothly and without noise. When overloaded, the belt will slip on the wheel to prevent damage to other parts. The magnetic fluid sealing structure 511 is adopted to prevent the lubricating oil from volatilizing in a high vacuum environment, so that the present invention is suitable for special working conditions such as long-term, high vacuum and super-speed. The torque input structure is placed on the top and the torque output structure is placed on the bottom. Under the same torque condition, the load of the main shaft 59 can be increased, and the load can be automatically leveled under its own gravity. At high speed, if the load is unstable or an accident occurs, the load will automatically fall off from the main shaft 59 through the expansion sleeve 516 under the action of gravity and centrifugal force, thereby solving the problem of speed greater than 50,000 rpm, load exceeding 500kg, 10 -2 The key problem that the 17a down-drive spindle complex cannot achieve automatic leveling and the load actively separates from the spindle 59 under the Pa environment. The structure is simple, easy to install and replace, and high-speed operation is safe and reliable.

[0083] In the specific implementation, the upper-drive spindle complex 5 is placed in the experimental chamber of the centrifugal supergravity device, with the lower end connected to the rotor system 2 and the upper end connected to the centrifugal main machine 1. The driving force of the centrifugal main machine 1 is reliably and effectively transmitted to the rotor system 2 through the spindle 59 of the upper-drive spindle complex 5, thereby driving the rotor system 2 to rotate at high speed for the centrifugal supergravity test. Overload protection can be achieved through the upper-drive spindle complex 5; the layout of the mechanical transmission mechanism of the upper-drive spindle complex and the type of bearings can be flexibly changed according to the torque and load size; during the high-speed rotation process, the structural design of adding or replacing lubricating oil at any time through the sealing lubrication mechanism reflects the advantages of the device in the special working conditions of long-term, high vacuum and overspeed operation.

[0084] The driving force of the centrifugal main unit 1 is transmitted to the small pulley 510, and when the main shaft 59 of the upper drive type main shaft complex 5 is driven to rotate through the expansion sleeve 516, the main shaft 59 rotates in the shell 511-4 through the fixed-floating support structure, and the lower end of the main shaft 59 drives the arm 2-1 of the rotor system to rotate through the connecting flange 515, and then drives the hanging cups 2-2 at both ends of the hanging arm 2-1 to rotate around the main shaft 59, and then drives the hanging arm 2-1, the hanging pin 2-3, and the hanging cup 2-2 to rotate at high speed together.

[0085] The use and operation process of the device of the present invention:

[0086] According to the experimental needs, determine the type of experiment that the device needs to do. If you do a solidification experiment in a supergravity environment, prepare a melting furnace; if you do a material performance test experiment under supergravity, prepare a material performance test device. The following takes the supergravity solidification experiment as an example to explain in detail the use and operation process of the invention:

[0087] Step 1: Open the vacuum interface 3-9 to break the vacuum in the experimental chamber 3.

[0088] Step 2: Open the vertical toggle clamp 3-4 on the cavity cover 3-3.

[0089] Step 3: Start the lifting system 4, drive the motor 4-1 to drive the lead screw 4-3 to rotate and drive the nut block 4-5 to move up and down along the vertical guide rail 4-6, and then the nut block 4-5 drives the experimental chamber cover 3-3 to be lifted or lowered.

[0090] Step 4: Open the hanging pin 2-3 and take out the hanging cup 2-2. For dynamic balancing, remove the left and right hanging cups at the same time.

[0091] Step 5: Install the airborne melting furnace in the hanging cup 2-2, connect the strong and weak signal lines required by the melting furnace to the ground control system and power supply system through the slip ring 1-2-1, and test the connection results to confirm that the connection is correct.

[0092] Step 6: Start the lifting system 4, put the raised experimental chamber cover 3-3 back into the experimental chamber 3, and then lock the vertical toggle clamp 3-4 on the chamber cover 3-3.

[0093] Step 7: Start the centrifugal main machine 1, rotate the rotor system 2 at a low speed, and perform a dynamic balance test on the hanging cup 2-2. Use the speed sensor 1-5 to monitor the speed of the main shaft 59, and the displacement sensor 1-6 to monitor the vibration of the main shaft 59. If the vibration of the hanging cup 2-2 exceeds the technical index requirements, immediately turn off the centrifugal main machine 1, return to the second step, and adjust the load of the hanging cup 2-2 until the dynamic balance test meets the technical specification requirements.

[0094] Step 8: Start the vacuum system and evacuate the experimental chamber 3 through the vacuum interface 3-9 until the vacuum degree in the experimental chamber 3 reaches the casting requirement before starting the heating system of the casting furnace.

[0095] Step 9: When the temperature of the melting furnace reaches a certain temperature, the centrifugal main machine 1 is started, and the speed sensor 1-5 is used to monitor the speed of the main shaft 59, and the displacement sensor 1-6 is used to monitor the vibration of the main shaft 59.

[0096] Step 10: After the melting and casting is completed, turn off the melting and casting furnace heating system and the centrifugal main unit 1 in sequence.

[0097] Step 11: When the temperature drops below 400°C and the centrifuge main unit 1 is completely stopped, open the vacuum interface 3-9 to break the vacuum in the experimental chamber 3.

[0098] Step 12: When the vacuum degree in the experimental chamber 3 reaches 1 atmosphere, open the vertical toggle clamp 3-4 on the chamber cover 3-3, start the lifting system 4, and lift the chamber cover 3-3 and the rotor system 2.

[0099] Step 13: Open the hanging pin 2-3, take out the hanging cup 2-2, and take out the melting furnace and the sample from the hanging cup 2-2.

[0100] Step 14: After the hanging cup 2-2 is cleaned, the empty hanging cup 2-2 is installed back into the rotor system 2.

[0101] Step 15: Start the lifting system 4, put the raised chamber cover 3-3 and the rotor system 2 back into the experimental chamber 3, and then lock the vertical toggle clamp 3-4 on the chamber cover 3-3.

[0102] Step 16: Start the vacuum system and evacuate the experimental chamber 3 through the vacuum interface 3-9 until the vacuum degree in the experimental chamber 3 reaches 1Pa, then close the vacuum system.

[0103] The present invention provides a material preparation platform under centrifugal supergravity environment, which can be used for material preparation under centrifugal supergravity by carrying a centrifugal supergravity directional melting and casting system with a zone heating function. Figure 6 In order to ensure dynamic balance, each centrifuge host can only carry two identical hanging cups 2-2 to carry out the same experiment. The rotor system is designed as Fig.13 In each experiment, the centrifuge host can carry 3 pairs (A1-A2, B1-B2, C1-C2) of identical hanging cups 2-2. Each pair of hanging cups completes one type of material preparation experiment. Three types of material preparation experiments can be completed simultaneously in a single time, realizing high-throughput preparation of materials under centrifugal ultragravity.

[0104] The present invention provides a material performance testing platform in a centrifugal ultra-gravity environment. By carrying a material performance testing system in a centrifugal force-high temperature coupling environment, it can be used for material durability, creep, fatigue, and thermomechanical fatigue performance tests under the coupling of body force, surface force, and temperature. In order to ensure dynamic balance, each experimental centrifuge host can only carry two identical hanging cups 2-2 to carry out the same experiment. The rotor system is designed as Fig.13Each time the centrifuge host conducts an experiment, it can carry 3 pairs (A1-A2, B1-B2, C1-C2) of identical hanging cups 2-2. Each pair of hanging cups completes one type of material performance experiment. In this way, 3 types of material performance test experiments can be completed simultaneously each time, thereby conducting high-throughput experiments on material performance tests under centrifugal ultra-gravity and solving the problem of high-throughput testing of material dynamic properties under the coupling of volume force, surface force and temperature under high-speed rotation.

[0105] The material preparation and testing of the present invention are divided into the following situations:

[0106] Specific implementation 1: High-throughput preparation of the same type of materials under centrifugal ultragravity

[0107] The hanging cup 2-2 is equipped with a centrifugal high-gravity directional melting and casting system with a zoned heating function. The experimental content and center of mass of the two hanging cups 2-2 are exactly the same to ensure dynamic balance. Start the heating system to melt the alloy material; start the centrifuge, and control the cooling speed through the cooling system to achieve high-throughput preparation of the same type of materials under centrifugal high gravity.

[0108] Specific implementation 2: High-throughput preparation of heterogeneous materials under centrifugal ultragravity

[0109] The rotor system is designed as Fig.13 , equipped with a centrifugal supergravity directional melting and casting system with zoned heating function. Each experiment is carried out on the centrifugal mainframe with three pairs of identical hanging cups 2-2 to ensure dynamic balance. When conducting experiments, three different types of materials are placed in the A1-A2, B1-B2, and C1-C2 hanging cups to ensure that the experimental content and center of mass of A1-A2 are exactly the same; the experimental content and center of mass of B1-B2 are exactly the same; the experimental content and center of mass of C1-C2 are exactly the same. Start three independent heating systems to melt the alloy materials in the A1-A2, B1-B2, and C1-C2 hanging cups respectively; start the centrifuge, and control the cooling speed of A1-A2, B1-B2, and C1-C2 through the cooling system, so as to realize the preparation of three different types of materials at the same time in a single centrifugal supergravity experiment, thereby realizing the high-throughput preparation of heterogeneous materials under centrifugal supergravity.

[0110] Specific implementation three: Material durability and creep performance test under the coupling of body force, surface force and temperature under centrifugal high gravity

[0111] The hanging cup 2-2 is equipped with a material performance test system under the centrifugal force-high temperature coupling environment. The test contents and center of mass of the two hanging cups 2-2 are exactly the same to ensure dynamic balance. Fig.14As shown, start the heating system to provide a thermal environment and apply a temperature field to the sample; start the centrifuge to apply body force to the sample through the centrifugal acceleration generated by the sample's own gravity; the surface force loading block at the end of the sample generates a certain tensile stress on the sample under the action of centrifugal supergravity, and applies surface force to the sample through this tensile stress. In this way, a body force-surface force-temperature coupling loading condition is applied to the sample in a high-speed environment. Fig.15 The load spectrum shown realizes the material durability and creep performance test under the coupling of body force, surface force and temperature under centrifugal hypergravity.

[0112] Specific implementation 4: Material fatigue performance test under the coupling of body force, surface force and temperature under centrifugal hypergravity

[0113] The hanging cup 2-2 is equipped with a material performance test system under the centrifugal force-high temperature coupling environment. The test contents and center of mass of the two hanging cups 2-2 are exactly the same to ensure dynamic balance. Fig.14 As shown, the heating system is started to provide a thermal environment and apply a temperature field to the sample; the centrifuge is started to apply body force to the sample through the centrifugal acceleration generated by the sample's own gravity; the surface force loading block at the end of the sample generates a certain tensile stress on the sample under the action of centrifugal supergravity, and the surface force is applied to the sample through this tensile stress, thus applying body force-surface force-temperature coupling loading conditions to the sample under a high-speed environment. During the experiment, the main engine speed is periodically changed, thereby changing the body force and surface force applied to the sample, forming a Fig.16 The load spectrum of the fatigue test shown realizes the material fatigue performance test under the coupling of body force, surface force and temperature under centrifugal hypergravity.

[0114] Specific implementation 5: Thermal mechanical fatigue performance test of materials under the coupling of body force, surface force and temperature under centrifugal high gravity

[0115] The hanging cup 2-2 is equipped with a material performance test system under the centrifugal force-high temperature coupling environment. The test contents and center of mass of the two hanging cups 2-2 are exactly the same to ensure dynamic balance. Fig.14 As shown, the heating system is started to provide a thermal environment and apply a temperature field to the sample; the centrifuge is started to apply body force to the sample through the centrifugal acceleration generated by the sample's own gravity; the surface force loading block at the end of the sample generates a certain tensile stress on the sample under the action of centrifugal supergravity, and the surface force is applied to the sample through this tensile stress. In this way, the sample is subjected to body force-surface force-temperature coupling loading conditions under a high-speed environment. During the experiment, the heating temperature is periodically changed to form a Fig.17 The thermomechanical fatigue test load spectrum shown realizes the thermomechanical fatigue performance test of materials under the coupling of body force, surface force and temperature under centrifugal hypergravity.

[0116] Specific implementation 6: High-throughput experiment of material mechanical properties testing under the coupling of volume force, surface force and temperature under centrifugal high gravity

[0117] The rotor system is designed as Fig.13 Each hanging cup 2-3 is equipped with a material performance test system under a centrifugal force-high temperature coupling environment. Each experimental centrifuge host is equipped with three pairs of identical hanging cups 2-2 to ensure dynamic balance. When conducting experiments, three different types of performance test experiments are placed in the A1-A2, B1-B2, and C1-C2 hanging cups to ensure that the A1-A2 experimental content and center of mass are exactly the same; the B1-B2 experimental content and center of mass are exactly the same; and the C1-C2 experimental content and center of mass are exactly the same. Start three independent heating systems and apply three different experimental temperatures to the three groups of samples A1-A2, B1-B2, and C1-C2; change the weight of the surface force loading block at the end of the experiment in A1-A2, B1-B2, and C1-C2, and apply three different surface forces to the three groups of samples A1-A2, B1-B2, and C1-C2, so as to carry out multiple types of performance tests under different types of experimental conditions in a single centrifugal hypergravity experiment, thereby realizing high-throughput testing of the mechanical properties of materials under the coupling of volume force, surface force, and temperature under centrifugal hypergravity.

Claims

1. A cantilever centrifugal ultragravity experimental device for material preparation and performance testing, characterized in that: The centrifugal device comprises a main unit (1), a rotor system (2), an experimental chamber (3), a lifting system (4), and an upper-driven spindle complex (5); the rotor system (2) and the upper-driven spindle complex (5) are installed in the experimental chamber (3); the bottom of the experimental chamber (3) is installed on a device base; the main unit (1) is installed on the lifting system (4) above the experimental chamber (3) and is connected to the upper end of the upper-driven spindle complex (5); the lower end of the upper-driven spindle complex (5) is drivingly connected to the rotor system (2); the lifting system (4) is installed on the device base and is located above the experimental chamber (3); and the lifting system (4) is connected to a chamber cover of the experimental chamber (3); The experimental chamber (3) comprises an experimental chamber (3-1), a protective shell (3-2), an experimental chamber cover (3-3), a vertical toggle clamp (3-4) and a support (3-6); the bottom of the experimental chamber (3-1) is fixedly mounted on the device base via the support (3-6); the top of the experimental chamber (3-1) is open and is provided with an experimental chamber cover (3-3); three vertical toggle clamps (3-4) are evenly distributed and fixedly mounted on the top surface of the experimental chamber (3-1) around the experimental chamber cover (3-3) along the circumference; (3-3) is fixed to the experimental chamber (3-1) by a vertical elbow clamp (3-4), and the vertical elbow clamp (3-4) is specifically a snap-on connection locking structure; the contact surface between the experimental chamber cover (3-3) and the experimental chamber (3-1) is sealed by an O-type rubber ring (3-5), and the side wall of the experimental chamber (3-1) is provided with a vacuum interface (3-9), and the vacuum interface (3-9) is connected to an external ground vacuum system or an inflation system; a three-layer protective shell (3-2) is provided around the inside of the experimental chamber (3-1); The lifting system (4) comprises a driving motor (4-1), a coupling (4-2), a lead screw guide rail (4-3), a bracket (4-4), a nut block (4-5), and a vertical guide rail (4-6); the lifting bracket (4-4) is mounted on a device base on the side of the experimental chamber (3); the driving motor (4-1) is fixed on the top of the lifting bracket (4-4); the output shaft of the driving motor (4-1) is downwardly connected through the coupling (4-2) and the lead screw guide rail (4-3); the lead screw guide rail (4-3) is arranged vertically; a nut block (4-5) is threadedly mounted on the lead screw guide rail (4-3); the nut block (4-5) is axially movable and sleeved on a vertical guide rail (4-6) arranged parallel to the lead screw guide rail (4-3) to form a lead screw nut pair; the driving motor (4-1) drives the lead screw guide rail (4-3) to rotate when it works, thereby driving the nut block (4-5) to move up and down along the vertical guide rail (4-6); The centrifugal main machine (1) comprises a centrifugal motor (1-1), an upper bearing bracket (1-3), a rotation speed sensor (1-4), a displacement sensor (1-5) and a motor support (1-7); the motor support (1-7) is fixed to the side of a nut block of a lifting system (4); the centrifugal motor (1-1) is fixedly mounted on the motor support (1-7); the bottom of the motor support (1-7) is fixedly connected to an experimental chamber cover (3-3) of an experimental chamber (3); an upper drive type spindle complex (5) is installed on the side of the centrifugal motor (1-1); the upper drive type spindle complex (5) supports Installed on the upper bearing bracket (1-3), the upper bearing bracket (1-3) is fixedly connected to the motor support (1-7), the output shaft of the centrifugal motor (1-1) is connected to the upper drive type spindle complex (5) through the belt transmission structure downward, and drives the upper drive type spindle complex (5) to rotate; the inner top surface of the experimental chamber cover (3-3) is fixedly equipped with a speed sensor (1-4) beside the side of the upper drive type spindle complex (5), the lower part of the upper drive type spindle complex (5) is fixedly connected with a displacement sensor (1-5), and the lower end of the upper drive type spindle complex (5) is connected to the rotor system (2); The top-driven spindle complex (5) comprises a slip ring (51), a slip ring shaft (52), a spindle (59), a small pulley (510), a magnetic fluid sealing structure (511), a sealing flange (513), a connecting flange (515) and a tightening sleeve (516); the upper part of the spindle (59) is sleeved with the slip ring shaft (52) and the shaft collar portion arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the lower end of the slip ring shaft (52) and the upper end of the spindle (59) are coaxially fixedly connected, and the slip ring (51) is sleeved on the outer surface of the slip ring shaft (52); the spindle (59) below the slip ring shaft (52) is partially provided with an annular outer flange as the shaft collar portion, and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft collar portion is arranged as an outer conical surface inclined downward; the small pulley (510) The inner peripheral surface of the main shaft (59) is set as an inner conical surface inclined downward, the small pulley (510) is coaxially sleeved on the shaft collar portion of the main shaft (59) through the inner and outer conical surfaces, the small pulley (510) is synchronously connected to the output shaft of the centrifugal motor (1-1) through a belt for transmission, and the main shaft (59) between the slip ring shaft (52) and the shaft collar portion is sleeved in the through hole of the upper bearing bracket (1-3) of the centrifugal main machine (1) through a bearing; the middle part of the main shaft (59) is sequentially sleeved with a magnetic fluid sealing structure (511) and a sealing flange (513) from top to bottom; the magnetic fluid sealing structure (511) includes a bearing cover (511-2), a deep groove ball bearing (511-3), a housing (511-4) and an O-ring ( 511-7); the housing (511-4) is sleeved outside the main shaft (59); a radial gap is provided between the housing (511-4) and the middle of the main shaft (59) to form a swimming cavity (511-5); deep groove ball bearings (511-3) are installed on the upper and lower sides of the swimming cavity, so that the housing (511-4) and the main shaft (59) are rotatably connected through the deep groove ball bearings (511-3); the housing (511-4) at the upper end of the swimming cavity (511-5) is open and is installed with a bearing cover (511-2); the bearing cover (511-2) is sleeved outside the main shaft (59) and axially limits the deep groove ball bearing (511-3); the housing (511-4) is The lower end of the shell (511-4) is sealed to form a closed end, and the closed end of the lower end of the shell (511-4) and the main shaft (59) are sealed and connected; the lower end of the shell (511-4) is provided with an outer flange, and the outer flange is provided with a connecting hole (511-6), and the bolt passes through the connecting hole (511-6) to be connected to the top surface of the experimental chamber cover (3-3), so that the lower end of the shell (511-4) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the experimental chamber cover (3-3), and the lower end surface of the shell (511-4) is provided with an annular groove, and an O-ring (511-7) is installed in the annular groove, so that the lower end surface of the shell (511-4) and the top surface of the experimental chamber cover (3-3) are sealed and matched through the O-ring (511-7);The sealing flange (513) is located in the experimental cavity (3-1) and fixed on the bottom surface of the experimental cavity cover (3-3). An annular notch groove is provided on the inner circumference of the top, and an oil seal (513-1) is installed in the annular notch groove. An elastic retaining ring (513-2) for a hole is provided on the upper side of the oil seal (513-1). The elastic retaining ring (513-2) for the hole is embedded in the annular retaining ring groove provided on the inner circumference of the annular notch groove of the sealing flange (513). An annular step is provided on the top surface of the sealing flange (513). An annular groove is provided on the surface of the annular step. A sealing ring (513-3) is installed in the annular groove. The sealing ring (513-3) enables the top surface of the sealing flange (513) and the bottom surface of the experimental cavity cover (3-3) to be sealed and matched. The lower end of the main shaft (59) is coaxially fixedly connected to the connecting flange (515) via a tightening sleeve (516), and the lower end of the connecting flange (515) is connected to the rotor system of the centrifugal supergravity device. The rotor system (2) comprises a cup arm (2-1), a cup (2-2) and a hanging pin (2-3); the lower end of the main shaft (59) of the top-driven main shaft complex (5) passes through the central through hole of the experimental chamber cover (3-3) and extends into the experimental chamber (3-1); the center of the top surface of the cup arm (2-1) and the sealing flange (513) at the bottom end of the main shaft (59) are coaxially fixedly connected; the two ends of the cup arm (2-1) are symmetrically hingedly mounted with cups (2-2); the cups (2-2) are hingedly mounted to the ends of the cup arms (2-1) through hanging pins (2-3); the center of the bottom surface of the cup arm (2-1) is rotatably supported on the top end of the central support shaft (1-6), and the bottom end of the support shaft (1-6) is vertically fixed to the bottom center of the experimental chamber (3-1); In the magnetic fluid sealing structure (511), the oil seal (513-1) is a fluororubber oil seal; A window (3-8) is provided on the bottom surface of the experimental cavity (3-1).

2. The cantilever centrifugal ultragravity experimental device for material preparation and performance testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A monitor (3-7) is installed on the device base below the viewing window (3-8), and the monitor (3-7) faces the viewing window (3-8) and photographs the experimental conditions in the experimental cavity (3-1) through the viewing window (3-8).

3. The cantilever centrifugal ultragravity experimental device for material preparation and performance testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the rotor system (2), a hanging cup arm (2-1) and a hanging pin (2-3) between the hanging cup (2-2) are sheathed with a shaft elastic retaining ring (2-4).

4. The cantilever centrifugal ultragravity experimental device for material preparation and performance testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation speed sensor (1-4) measures the rotation speed of the spindle (59) in the top-driven spindle complex (5), and the displacement sensor (1-5) measures the vibration of the spindle (59) in the top-driven spindle complex (5).

Images