A miniaturized multiplexer

Abstract

The present invention discloses a miniaturized multiplexer, comprising a metal shell, a signal input port and a plurality of signal output ports mounted on the metal shell, and a plurality of spiral resonators mounted in the metal shell; the plurality of spiral resonators are electrically connected to the signal input port, and each spiral resonator is electrically connected to a corresponding signal output port; wherein the signal input port is used to input an external signal and transmit it to each spiral resonator, so that under the action of the resonance of each spiral resonator, a signal of a corresponding frequency in the external signal is transmitted through the corresponding signal output port; a metal wall is provided between adjacent spiral resonators, and the metal wall is used to isolate the signals between adjacent spiral resonators. The multiplexer provided by the present invention has the characteristics of high isolation, small size, simple structure, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of satellite communications, and in particular to a miniaturized multiplexer. Background Art

[0002] A multiplexer is used to transmit signals of different frequency bands to different channels. It is usually used to separate the receiving and transmitting signals of a common antenna. At the same time, the multiplexer can also be used as an isolation device to connect the receiving circuit and the transmitting circuit. Generally speaking, there are two ways to connect the multiplexer in the RF front end: one is to input or output signals at a single port, and the other ports are connected to the transceiver antenna; the other is to connect a multi-band antenna at one end, and the other ports are connected to multiple signal output ports. The above connection method can effectively reduce the size of the RF front end, but the requirements for antenna performance are relatively high, that is, the performance requirements for the multiplexer are relatively high. Therefore, multiplexers with high performance requirements are the focus of current research.

[0003] The main parameter for evaluating the performance of a multiplexer is isolation. In the prior art, in order to improve the isolation of a multiplexer, methods such as T-type feeding network, resonator, open / short-circuited transmission line, etc. are generally used to achieve it, but they all have problems such as complex structure, difficult circuit design, and large size. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a miniaturized multiplexer, which can solve the problems of complex structure and large size of the multiplexer in the prior art.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A miniaturized multiplexer comprises a metal shell, a signal input port and a plurality of signal output ports mounted on the metal shell, and a plurality of spiral resonators mounted in the metal shell; the plurality of spiral resonators are electrically connected to the signal input port, and each spiral resonator is electrically connected to a corresponding signal output port; wherein the signal input port is used to input an external signal and transmit it to each spiral resonator, so that under the action of the resonance of each spiral resonator, a signal of a corresponding frequency in the external signal is transmitted through the corresponding signal output port; a metal wall is provided between adjacent spiral resonators, and the metal wall is used to isolate the signals between adjacent spiral resonators.

[0007] Furthermore, each spiral resonator includes a first spiral plate, a second spiral plate, a first short-circuit branch and a second short-circuit branch; the first spiral plate is connected to the signal input port through the first short-circuit branch, and the second spiral plate is connected to the corresponding signal output port through the second short-circuit branch; the first short-circuit branch and the second short-circuit branch are also grounded through a metal shell; the first spiral plate and the second spiral plate are arranged side by side, and a gap layer is provided in between.

[0008] Furthermore, the first spiral sheet and the second spiral sheet are both metal spiral sheets.

[0009] Furthermore, the metal spiral blade is a circular metal spiral blade.

[0010] Furthermore, the miniaturized multiplexer includes an open branch; the signal input port is connected to one end of the open branch, and the other end of the open branch is suspended.

[0011] Furthermore, the miniaturized multiplexer further comprises a transmission line, and the signal input port is connected to each first short-circuit branch via the transmission line.

[0012] Furthermore, all the signal output ports are arranged on the same side wall of the metal shell, and the signal input ports are arranged on other side walls of the metal shell.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of the metal wall is grounded through the metal shell, and the other end is short-circuited.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The present invention arranges a plurality of spiral resonators in a metal shell, so that an external signal input through a signal input port can be transmitted to each spiral resonator, and the external signal is filtered under the action of each spiral resonator and output to the outside through a corresponding signal output port. The multiplexer provided by the present invention has the characteristics of high isolation, simple structure, small size, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A front view of the duplexer provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 A rear view of the duplexer provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure inside the metal shell;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure inside the metal shell of the quadruplexer provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of electromagnetic wave simulation of the duplexer in FIG.

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of electromagnetic wave simulation of the quadplexer in FIG.

[0022] In the figure: 1, metal shell; 2, signal input port; 31, first signal output port; 32, second signal output port; 33, third signal output port; 34, fourth signal output port; 41, first spiral sheet; 42, second spiral sheet; 51, first short-circuit branch; 52, second short-circuit branch; 6, open-circuit branch; 7, transmission line; 8, metal wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0024] The present invention provides a miniaturized multiplexer, comprising a metal shell, a signal input port and a plurality of signal output ports mounted on the metal shell, and a plurality of spiral resonators mounted in the metal shell. The metal shell is used to support the spiral resonators in the multiplexer, and since the spiral resonators are in a closed cavity of the metal shell, energy loss can be reduced.

[0025] A spiral resonator is electrically connected to a signal output port, and is used to process an external signal input from the signal input port and then output a signal of a specific frequency through each signal output port.

[0026] Preferably, the signal input port is mounted on the front panel of the metal shell, and the signal output port is mounted on the rear panel of the metal shell, or the signal input port is mounted on the rear panel of the metal shell, and the signal output port is mounted on the front panel of the metal shell. That is, all the signal output ports are mounted on the same panel of the metal shell, and the panel where the signal input port is mounted is arranged opposite to the panel where the signal output port is mounted.

[0027] Each spiral resonator, a signal input port and a corresponding signal output port form a filter for outputting a signal of a specific frequency and filtering signals other than the specific frequency. That is, when an external signal is input to the signal input port, the external signal is transmitted to each spiral resonator and under the action of the resonance of each spiral resonator, the signal corresponding to the specific frequency is output to the outside through the corresponding signal output port, and the signals of other frequencies are filtered and not output.

[0028] Preferably, the present invention realizes signal filtering through two spiral plates in each spiral resonator. At the same time, a multiplexer can also be realized according to the number of spiral resonators arranged in the metal shell. For example, two spiral resonators, that is, a second-order duplexer can be formed by four spiral plates, and two transmission zero points can be generated in the CQ mechanism, so that an external signal can be divided into two output signals. For another example, four spiral resonators, that is, a second-order quadplexer can be formed by eight spiral plates, and two transmission zero points can be generated in the CQ mechanism, so that an external signal can be divided into four output signals. Among them, the CQ mechanism refers to the CQ structure, that is, a topological structure of a microwave filter, which is used to analyze and generate transmission zero points; according to the phase difference of different paths, the signals can be canceled out, thereby generating transmission zero points and realizing the function of the filter.

[0029] Preferably, the miniaturized multiplexer includes an open-circuit branch. The end of the open-circuit branch is suspended. That is, one end of the open-circuit branch is electrically connected to the signal input port, and the other end is suspended. Preferably, the miniaturized multiplexer also includes a transmission line. The signal input port is also connected to each spiral resonator through a transmission line, which is used to transmit the input external signal to each spiral resonator, and the transmission line is electrically connected to the open-circuit branch. By arranging the open-circuit branch on the transmission line, the performance of the multiplexer can be improved.

[0030] Furthermore, each spiral resonator includes a first spiral sheet, a second spiral sheet, a first short-circuit branch, and a second short-circuit branch. The end of the short-circuit branch is grounded. Therefore, one end of the first short-circuit branch is electrically connected to the first spiral sheet, and the other end is grounded through the metal shell. One end of the second short-circuit branch is electrically connected to the second spiral sheet, and the other end is grounded through the metal shell. The first spiral sheet and the second spiral sheet are arranged side by side, and a gap layer is provided between the first spiral sheet and the second spiral sheet. By providing a short-circuit branch for each spiral resonator, each resonator can be turned into a short-circuit resonator, and the length of the short-circuit resonator can be shortened by half compared to the open-circuit resonator, so that the volume of the resonator is smaller, thereby making the entire multiplexer more miniaturized. At the same time, connecting each short-circuit branch to the metal shell can also support the corresponding spiral sheet in the spiral resonator.

[0031] Preferably, each first short-circuit branch is also connected to the signal input port through a transmission line, and is used to transmit the external signal input from the signal input port to the first spiral plate of each spiral resonator. Then, under the action of the first spiral plate and the second spiral plate, each spiral resonator outputs the signal of the corresponding specific frequency to the outside through the corresponding signal output port, and filters out signals of other frequencies.

[0032] That is, a filter is formed by a signal output port, a signal input port, a first spiral sheet, a second spiral sheet, a first short-circuit branch, and a second short-circuit branch to transmit a signal of a specific frequency.

[0033] Preferably, a metal wall is provided between adjacent spiral resonators, and the metal wall is used to isolate the signals of adjacent spiral resonators, thereby improving the isolation of the multiplexer. One end of the metal wall is grounded through the metal shell, and the other end is short-circuited. Since the metal wall has good conductivity, the signals of two adjacent spiral resonators can be isolated.

[0034] Preferably, the first spiral sheet and the second spiral sheet are both metal spiral sheets, and the metal spiral sheets are circular metal spiral sheets.

[0035] Preferably, the frequency of the signal output by each spiral resonator can be changed by changing the width of the circular metal spiral sheet. Therefore, the miniaturized multiplexer provided by the present invention has the advantages of adjustable frequency band, small size, simple structure, etc., and is more widely used.

[0036] Preferably, the multiplexer provided by the present invention can realize different multiplexers according to the number of signal output ports. For example, when there are two signal output ports, there are two spiral resonators. In this case, the miniaturized multiplexer is also called a duplexer.

[0037] For another example, when there are three signal output ports, there are three spiral resonators, and the miniaturized multiplexer is also called a triplexer.

[0038] Preferably, when there are two signal output ports and two spiral resonators, the multiplexer is a duplexer, such as Figure 1-3 The structural diagram of the duplexer is shown in FIG.

[0039] The two signal output ports are respectively recorded as a first signal output port 31 and a second signal output port 32, and both the first signal output port 31 and the second signal output port 32 are arranged on the rear panel of the metal shell 1. The duplexer is used to input an external signal through the signal input port 2, and then send the external signal input to two spiral resonators, and under the action of the two spiral resonators, filter the external signal and then output an output signal of a specific frequency through the corresponding signal output port.

[0040] Preferably, the two spiral resonators are respectively recorded as a first spiral resonator and a second spiral resonator. The first spiral resonator is used to output a signal of a first specific frequency in an external signal inputted from the signal input port 2 to the outside through the first signal output port 31; similarly, the second spiral resonator is used to output a signal of a second specific frequency in an external signal inputted from the signal input port 2 to the outside through the second signal output port 32. Preferably, the first specific frequency and the second specific frequency may be different or the same.

[0041] The signal input port 2 is disposed on the front panel of the metal shell 1 .

[0042] The first helical resonator and the second helical resonator both include a first helical plate 41, a second helical plate 42, a first short-circuit branch 51, and a second short-circuit branch 52. The first helical plate 41 is connected to one end of the first short-circuit branch 51, and the other end of the first short-circuit branch 51 is grounded through the metal shell 1, and the second helical plate 42 is connected to one end of the second short-circuit branch 52, and the other end of the second short-circuit branch 52 is grounded through the metal shell 1.

[0043] A metal wall 8 is provided between the first spiral resonator and the second spiral resonator to isolate the signals between the first spiral resonator and the second spiral resonator to avoid mutual interference.

[0044] The duplexer further includes an open-circuit branch 6 and a transmission line 7. One end of the open-circuit branch 6 is connected to the signal input port, and the other end is suspended. The signal input port 2 is also connected to the first short-circuit branch 51 of the first spiral resonator and the first short-circuit branch 51 of the second spiral resonator through the transmission line 7, thereby transmitting the input external signal to the first spiral resonator and the second spiral resonator. At the same time, the transmission line 7 is also connected to the open-circuit branch 6.

[0045] Preferably, the frequencies of the signals outputted from the two signal output ports can be adjusted by changing the sizes of the first helical piece 41 and the second helical piece 42 in each helical resonator.

[0046] like Figure 5 The figure shows the electromagnetic simulation curve of the frequency response of the duplexer. Figure 5 S21 in the figure represents the energy loss ratio of the external signal transmitted from the signal input port 2 to the first signal output port 31 .

[0047] S31 represents the energy loss degree of the external signal transmitted from the signal input port 2 to the second signal output port 32 .

[0048] S11 represents the energy loss ratio of the external signal transmitted from the signal input port 2 to the first signal output port 31 or the second signal output port 32 and then returned to the signal input port 2 to the original signal.

[0049] S32 represents the isolation between the first signal output port 31 and the second signal output port 32 .

[0050] from Figure 5 It can be seen that the isolation between the two spiral resonators is high and their energy loss is small.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, when there are four signal output ports and four spiral resonators, the multiplexer is also called a quadplexer, which is used to input an external signal through the signal input port 2 and output four signals of corresponding specific frequencies through four signal output ports.

[0052] Among them, the four signal output ports are respectively recorded as the first signal output port 31, the second signal output port, the third signal output port 33, and the fourth signal output port 34, and the first signal output port 31, the second signal output port, the third signal output port 33, and the fourth signal output port 34 are all arranged on the back panel of the metal shell 1.

[0053] At the same time, there are four spiral resonators, which are respectively recorded as the first spiral resonator, the second spiral resonator, the third spiral resonator, and the fourth spiral resonator. The first spiral resonator is used to output the signal of the corresponding frequency in the external signal inputted from the signal input port 2 to the outside through the first signal output port 31; similarly, the second spiral resonator is used to output the signal of the corresponding frequency in the external signal inputted from the signal input port 2 to the outside through the second signal output port; the third spiral resonator is used to output the signal of the corresponding frequency in the external signal inputted from the signal input port 2 to the outside through the third signal output port 33; the fourth spiral resonator is used to output the signal of the corresponding frequency in the external signal inputted from the signal input port 2 to the outside through the fourth signal output port 34.

[0054] The signal input port 2 is disposed on the front panel of the metal shell 1 .

[0055] Similarly, the first helical resonator, the second helical resonator, the third helical resonator, and the fourth helical resonator all include a first helical plate 41, a second helical plate 42, a first short-circuit branch 51, and a second short-circuit branch 52. The first helical plate 41 is connected to one end of the first short-circuit branch 51, and the other end of the first short-circuit branch 51 is grounded through the metal shell 1, and the second helical plate 42 is connected to one end of the second short-circuit branch 52, and the other end of the second short-circuit branch 52 is grounded through the metal shell 1.

[0056] Metal walls 8 are provided between the first spiral resonator and the second spiral resonator, between the second spiral resonator and the third spiral resonator, and between the third spiral resonator and the fourth spiral resonator.

[0057] The quadplexer further includes an open-circuit branch 6 and a transmission line 7. One end of the open-circuit branch 6 is connected to the signal input port, and the other end is suspended. The signal input port 2 is also connected to the first short-circuit branch 51 of the first spiral resonator, the first short-circuit branch 51 of the second spiral resonator, the first short-circuit branch 51 of the third spiral resonator, and the first short-circuit branch 51 of the fourth spiral resonator through the transmission line 7, thereby transmitting the input external signal to the first spiral resonator, the second spiral resonator, the third spiral resonator, and the fourth spiral resonator.

[0058] Preferably, the adjustment of the frequencies of the signals outputted from the four signal output ports can be achieved by changing the sizes of the first helical piece 41 and the second helical piece 42 in each helical resonator.

[0059] like Figure 6 The electromagnetic simulation curve of the frequency response of the quadplexer is shown. Figure 6 The dashed lines in the figure represent the actual measurement results of the quadplexer, and the solid lines represent the simulation results of the quadplexer. Figure 6 S21 in φ2 represents the transmission loss from the signal input port 2 to the first signal output port 31 , that is, the degree of energy loss.

[0060] S31 represents the transmission loss from the signal input port 2 to the second signal output port.

[0061] S41 represents the transmission loss from the signal input port 2 to the third signal output port 33 .

[0062] S51 represents the transmission loss from the signal input port 2 to the fourth signal output port 34 .

[0063] S11 represents the matching condition at the signal input port 2, that is, the ratio of the signal returned to the signal input port 2 to the original external signal after the external signal of the signal input port 2 is transmitted to the first signal output port 31, or the second signal output port, or the third signal output port 33, or the fourth signal output port 34.

[0064] from Figure 6 It can be seen that the absolute value of S11, that is, the ratio between the original external signal and the returned signal, is less than -10dB. Therefore, the return loss of the quadplexer is small. At the same time, it can be seen from the measurement results and simulation results that the transmission loss of the quadplexer remains basically unchanged. The transmission loss of the signal is small, which means that the performance of the quadplexer is good.

[0065] The multiplexer provided by the present invention has a simple structure, a small volume and a high isolation degree.

[0066] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized multiplexer, characterized in that: The miniaturized multiplexer comprises a metal shell, a signal input port and a plurality of signal output ports mounted on the metal shell, and a plurality of spiral resonators mounted in the metal shell; the plurality of spiral resonators are electrically connected to the signal input port, and each spiral resonator is electrically connected to a corresponding signal output port; wherein the signal input port is used to input an external signal and transmit it to each spiral resonator, so that under the action of the resonance of each spiral resonator, a signal of a corresponding frequency in the external signal is transmitted through the corresponding signal output port; a metal wall is provided between adjacent spiral resonators, and the metal wall is used to isolate the signals between adjacent spiral resonators; Each spiral resonator comprises a first spiral sheet, a second spiral sheet, a first short-circuit branch and a second short-circuit branch; the first spiral sheet is connected to a signal input port through the first short-circuit branch, and the second spiral sheet is connected to a corresponding signal output port through the second short-circuit branch; the first short-circuit branch and the second short-circuit branch are also grounded through a metal shell; the first spiral sheet and the second spiral sheet are arranged side by side, and a gap layer is provided in between; The miniaturized multiplexer also includes an open-circuit branch and a transmission line, wherein the open-circuit branch is connected to the transmission line; the signal input port is connected to one end of the open-circuit branch, and the other end of the open-circuit branch is suspended; the signal input port is connected to each first short-circuit branch through the transmission line.

2. A miniaturized multiplexer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spiral sheet and the second spiral sheet are both metal spiral sheets.

3. A miniaturized multiplexer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The metal spiral piece is a circular metal spiral piece.

4. The miniaturized multiplexer according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the signal output ports are arranged on the same side wall of the metal shell, and the signal input ports are arranged on other side walls of the metal shell.

5. The miniaturized multiplexer according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the metal wall is grounded through the metal shell, and the other end is short-circuited.

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