Tunnel formwork and construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel formwork and a construction method, wherein the tunnel formwork comprises: a plurality of metal support members, the metal support members are arched, each of the metal support members is arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel, and each of the metal support members has a hole for pouring concrete; a metal closing plate member is arranged on the inner side of the metal support member, along the arrangement direction of the metal support member, across each of the metal support members and connected to each of the metal support members, so that a pouring space for pouring concrete is formed between two adjacent metal support members. The tunnel formwork of the present invention can directly pour concrete after installation on site without disassembly, thereby reducing the difficulty of tunnel on-site construction and improving construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment, and in particular to a tunnel formwork and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of highways, high-speed railways, subways, etc., the construction period of tunnel construction is closely related to the progress of the entire project, and the construction quality is closely related to the quality of the entire project.

[0003] Among the known technologies, tunnel construction usually involves adding steel mesh, steel plates or fibers to concrete to form composite materials, thereby improving the mechanical properties of concrete. The construction process requires tying steel bars, formwork support and concrete pouring. Tying steel bars requires accurate calculation of the cutting length of the steel bars according to the drawings, and when cutting, the changes caused by bending and deformation of the steel bars must be fully considered. In addition, formwork installation is also important, and the quality of its installation will affect the quality of the building.

[0004] However, this construction method has problems, for example, it is difficult to tie steel bars in a narrow space. In addition, when pouring concrete, the formwork needs to be supported and dismantled, the required reinforcement period is long, and the top formwork is arched, making it difficult to control the accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the problems existing in the known technology to a certain extent, and proposes a tunnel formwork that can reduce the difficulty of tunnel on-site construction and improve the efficiency of tunnel construction. In addition, the present invention also proposes a construction method of the tunnel formwork.

[0006] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the tunnel formwork includes: a plurality of metal support members, each of which is arched and arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel, and each of the metal support members has a hole portion for pouring concrete; a metal closing plate member, which is arranged on the inner side of the metal support members, spans across the metal support members along the arrangement direction of the metal support members, and is respectively connected to each of the metal support members, so that a pouring space for pouring concrete is formed between two adjacent metal support members.

[0007] The tunnel formwork of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: since a pouring space for pouring concrete is formed by metal support members and metal sealing members, concrete can be poured directly after on-site installation without disassembly, thereby reducing the difficulty of on-site tunnel construction and improving construction efficiency.

[0008] In some embodiments, a lower cross beam is further included, wherein the lower cross beam is disposed on the inner side of the metal support, and two ends of the lower cross beam are respectively connected to two ends of the metal support.

[0009] In some embodiments, the metal support member is a steel profile.

[0010] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the metal support is T-shaped or I-shaped.

[0011] In some embodiments, the metal support is integrally formed.

[0012] In some embodiments, the metal support member includes: two supporting legs, each of which is in a straight line; and an upper crossbeam, which is in a C-shape, with two ends of the upper crossbeam respectively connected to one end of the two supporting legs.

[0013] In some embodiments, the upper cross beam portion is respectively welded or bolted to one end of the two leg portions.

[0014] In some embodiments, the metal sealing plate is respectively welded or bolted to each of the metal supporting members.

[0015] According to the construction method of the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, which is used to manufacture and install any of the above-mentioned tunnel formwork, it includes the following steps: a manufacturing step, respectively manufacturing the metal support members and the metal sealing plate members; an installation step, installing the metal support members and the metal sealing plate members at the construction site of the tunnel.

[0016] The construction method of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: since metal support members and metal cover members can be pre-manufactured and installed at the tunnel construction site to form a pouring space for pouring concrete, concrete can be poured directly after installation without disassembly, thereby reducing the difficulty of tunnel construction on site and improving construction efficiency.

[0017] In some embodiments, an assembling step is further included, in which the metal support component and the metal sealing plate component are assembled before the installation step. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the tunnel formwork of the present invention being installed in the soil.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the tunnel formwork of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., and orientations or positional relationships indicated are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood as not including the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood as including the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 According to the tunnel formwork of the first embodiment of the present invention, it includes: a plurality of metal support members 101 and a metal cover member 103. The metal support members 101 are arched, and each metal support member 101 is arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel SD, and each metal support member 101 has a hole portion 105 for pouring concrete HN. The metal cover member 103 is arranged on the inner side of the metal support member 101, and along the arrangement direction of the metal support member 101, it spans each metal support member 101 and is respectively connected to each metal support member 101, so that a pouring space 106 for pouring concrete HN is formed between two adjacent metal support members 101.

[0025] In this embodiment, since a pouring space 106 for pouring concrete HN is formed by the metal support member 101 and the metal sealing plate member 103, concrete HN can be poured directly after on-site installation without dismantling the formwork, thereby reducing the difficulty of on-site construction of the tunnel SD and improving construction efficiency.

[0026] In addition, since structural parts such as metal support parts 101 and metal sealing parts 103 that can be processed in the factory are used to replace the steel structure in the concrete HN, the processes such as formwork support and steel bar binding during construction are omitted, which can solve the problem of difficult construction of formwork and steel bars in narrow tunnel spaces.

[0027] It can be imagined that the above-mentioned metal materials are not particularly limited as long as they can be used in engineering structural parts, such as steel parts, cast iron parts, aluminum alloy parts, etc.

[0028] It can be imagined that the inner side of the metal support 101 refers to the side opposite to the tunnel SD.

[0029] It is conceivable that the tunnel SD can be a passage for navigable vehicles or a pedestrian passage. In addition, the tunnel SD can also be an underground passage in a city such as a drainage channel.

[0030] It can be imagined that the outside refers to the outside relative to the dense space between the pouring space 106 and the mountain ST. For example, it can be the passage of the tunnel SD, the outside of the exit and entrance of the tunnel SD, or the space above the mountain ST, etc.

[0031] In some embodiments, in order to simplify the structure of the metal support 101 and ensure the strength of the metal support 101, 101 further includes a lower cross beam 108, which is arranged on the inner side of the metal support 101, and the two ends of the lower cross beam 108 are respectively connected to the two ends of the metal support 101. Specifically, the lower cross beam 108 can be connected to the two ends of the opening of the metal support 101 by bolt connection, welding, etc. Therefore, the manufacturing process of the metal support 101 and the lower cross beam 108 is simple, and can be prefabricated in a factory and then installed at the construction site of the tunnel SD. In addition, the support strength of the metal support 101 can also be ensured.

[0032] In addition, in order to make the multiple metal support members 101 as a whole, a metal connecting member 111 can also be set. The metal connecting member 111 includes two parts, which are respectively arranged at the lower part of the metal support member 101, along the arrangement direction of the metal support member 101, across each metal support member 101 and welded to each metal support member 101 respectively.

[0033] In some embodiments, in order to further improve the support strength of the metal support member 101 and make it easier for the metal support member 101 to be connected to the metal cover plate member 103, the metal support member 101 is a steel section. Specifically, the metal support member 101 is a steel section with a cross-sectional shape of, for example, an I-shaped, T-shaped, groove-shaped, or other shapes. The metal support member 101 can be integrally formed by various manufacturing methods such as casting and bending according to the width and height dimensions of the tunnel SD. In addition, the lower cross beam member 108 can also be a steel section. Specifically, the lower cross beam member 108 is a steel section with a groove-shaped cross-sectional shape, or it can also be a square member.

[0034] In addition, although the above description is made that the metal support member 101 includes an integrally formed metal support member 101 , the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0035] In some embodiments, in order to reduce the processing difficulty of the metal support 101 and further reduce the construction difficulty at the construction site, the metal support 101 includes: two leg parts 109 and an upper crossbeam part 110. Among them, the leg part 109 is in a straight line. The upper crossbeam part 110 is in a C-shape, and the two ends of the upper crossbeam part 110 are respectively connected to one end of the two leg parts 109. Specifically, the two leg parts 109 are respectively welded with a first connecting plate 112 at one end connected to the upper crossbeam part 110, and the two ends of the upper crossbeam part 110 are respectively welded with a second connecting plate 113, and the first connecting plate 112 and the second connecting plate 113 are locked by bolts (not shown). In this way, not only can the processing difficulty of the metal support 101 be reduced, but also the metal support 101 can be easily installed by bolts at the construction site, further reducing the construction difficulty at the construction site.

[0036] Of course, although it is described above that the leg portion 109 and the upper beam portion 110 are connected by bolts, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the leg portion 109 and the upper beam portion 110 may also be formed by direct welding.

[0037] In some embodiments, in order to improve the efficiency of pouring concrete HN, the hole portion 105 includes a plurality of holes, each of which is opened on the metal support 101. By providing a plurality of holes 105, concrete HN can be poured into the pouring space 106 through each hole portion 105 at the same time, thereby improving the pouring efficiency.

[0038] In some embodiments, in order to improve the support strength of the metal support 101 and the metal sealing plate 103, the metal sealing plate 103 is welded or bolted to each metal support 101 respectively. Specifically, the metal sealing plate 103 can be selected from, for example, galvanized steel plates to prevent it from rusting. The shape of the metal sealing plate 103 is set according to the shape of the metal support 101 (the shape of the tunnel SD), for example, it can be set to a U shape, and connected to each metal support 101 by welding or bolting. Sealant can be injected between the metal sealing plate 103 and the metal support 101 to seal the casting space 106 relative to the tunnel SD. By making a metal sealing plate 103 span across each metal support 101, it is possible to define multiple casting spaces 106 with a metal sealing plate 103, thereby reducing the difficulty of on-site construction. In addition, the support strength of the metal support 101 and the metal sealing plate 103 can be improved.

[0039] In addition, by installing the metal cover plate 103 and filling the sealant, the tunnel formwork of the present invention can form a stable concrete casting formwork system and a good waterproof system. In addition, by selecting galvanized steel plate as the metal cover plate 103, the metal cover plate 103 can also be used as a permanent decorative surface of the tunnel SD.

[0040] The construction method of the tunnel formwork of the present invention is described below.

[0041] The construction method according to the second embodiment of the present invention is used to manufacture and install any of the above tunnel formwork, including a manufacturing step and an installation step. In the manufacturing step, the metal support member 101 and the metal cover member 103 are manufactured respectively. In the installation step, the metal support member 101 and the metal cover member 103 are installed at the construction site of the tunnel SD.

[0042] In this embodiment, since the metal support members 101 and the metal closing plate members 103 can be pre-manufactured and installed at the construction site of the tunnel SD, a pouring space 106 for pouring concrete HN is formed. Concrete HN can be poured directly after installation without disassembly, thereby reducing the difficulty of on-site construction of the tunnel SD and improving construction efficiency.

[0043] Specifically, before manufacturing the metal support 101 and the metal cover 103, the pressure bearing data of the metal support 101 and the metal cover 103 are calculated according to the model of the tunnel SD, so as to determine the specifications of the metal support 101 and the metal cover 103. For example, when the metal support 101 selects a steel section of a specific cross section, the required specifications of the metal support 101 are calculated according to the bearing capacity calculation formula of the steel section. In addition, the specific specifications of the metal cover 103, such as its thickness, etc., are also calculated.

[0044] Furthermore, the range of the arrangement intervals of the metal support members 101, the connection mode between the metal support members 101 and the metal cover member 103, etc. can also be calculated. These calculation formulas can be obtained by consulting textbooks such as engineering mechanics and structural mechanics, or can be directly calculated by specific steel structure analysis software.

[0045] The metal support 101 can be prefabricated in a factory, for example, by casting, bending, welding, etc. In addition, the metal support 101 can be processed in an integrated manner, or by welding, bolt locking, etc., depending on the conditions of combination and transportation. The metal cover plate 103 can be completed by, for example, electric cutting, bending, etc.

[0046] In some embodiments, an assembly step is further included, and before the installation step, the metal support 101 and the metal sealing plate 103 are assembled. Specifically, after the processing of the metal support 101 and the metal sealing plate 103 is completed, pre-assembly or direct assembly can be performed on site in the factory to ensure the reliability of each connection structure on the metal support 101 and each connection structure between the metal support 101 and the metal sealing plate 103.

[0047] After completing the assembly steps, the assembled metal support members 101 and metal sealing members 103 are transported to the construction site of the tunnel SD. The installation position is determined by layout. After ensuring that the metal support members 101 are installed in place, each metal support member 101 is welded to the metal sealing member 103 respectively.

[0048] After the welding of the metal support members 101 and the metal sealing plate members 103 is completed, sealant may be filled between the metal support members 101 and the metal sealing plate members 103 as required.

[0049] After the filling of the sealant is completed, concrete is poured into the pouring space 106. Thus, the construction of the tunnel SD is completed.

[0050] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0051] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel formwork, characterized in that: include: A plurality of metal support members, each of which is arched and arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the tunnel, and each of which has a hole for pouring concrete, and each of the holes on the metal support members is arranged through along the extension direction of the tunnel; A metal sealing plate is arranged on the inner side of the metal support members, and along the arrangement direction of the metal support members, it crosses each of the metal support members and is respectively connected to each of the metal support members, so that a pouring space for pouring concrete is formed between two adjacent metal support members, each of the pouring spaces is connected through the hole portions, and concrete is poured into the pouring spaces at the same time through the hole portions respectively arranged in each of the metal support members; The space between the metal sealing plate and the metal supporting member is filled with sealant; It also includes two metal connectors, which are respectively arranged at the lower part of the metal support members, and along the arrangement direction of the metal support members, the metal connectors span across the metal support members and are respectively welded to the metal support members; It also includes a lower cross beam, which is arranged on the inner side of the metal support, and two ends of the lower cross beam are respectively connected to two ends of the metal support; The metal support comprises: Two leg portions, each leg portion being in a straight line; An upper cross beam portion, the upper cross beam portion is C-shaped, and two ends of the upper cross beam portion are respectively connected to one end of the two leg portions; The metal support member is a steel profile member; The cross-sectional shape of the metal support is T-shaped or I-shaped; The metal support is integrally formed.

2. The tunnel formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cross beam is respectively welded or bolted to one end of the two leg portions.

3. The tunnel formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal sealing plate members are respectively connected to the metal supporting members by welding or bolts.

4. A construction method, characterized in that: The method for manufacturing and installing a tunnel formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 3 comprises the following steps: A manufacturing step, manufacturing the metal support member and the metal sealing member respectively; The installation step is to install the metal support member and the metal sealing plate member at the construction site of the tunnel.

5. The construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method further comprises an assembling step, wherein the metal support member and the metal sealing plate member are assembled before the installing step.

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