A spherical silt removal device and method for stirring and disturbing sand in a suspended river channel

Abstract

The present invention discloses a spherical silt-clearing device for stirring and disturbing sand in a suspended river channel, which comprises a spherical shell with a hollow structure, wherein the spherical shell is composed of two hemispherical outer shells made of stainless steel and provided with ear plates, and connected into a whole by bolts; a hemispherical inner shell is installed in each of the two hemispherical outer shells, and the outer shell and the inner shell are fixed by positioning pins; symmetrically distributed water injection holes and drainage holes are arranged on the spherical shell along the central axis, and the water injection holes and the drainage holes are connected to the inner cavity of the spherical shell, and the specific gravity of the silt-clearing device in water can be adjusted by water injection and drainage, so as to realize the sinking, suspension and rising of the silt-clearing device; the outer surface of the spherical shell is covered with a variety of uniformly distributed sand-disturbing units. The present invention can be suspended in the sediment of the river channel to stir and disturb sand by natural hydraulic action, and has high silt-clearing efficiency and is economical and practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and in particular to a spherical silt-clearing device and method for stirring and disturbing sand in a suspended river channel. Background Art

[0002] After years of accumulation, the silt in the river water will continue to deposit, causing the riverbed to rise continuously. The siltation causes the river's flood control standards to be reduced. The silt in the river is also a breeding ground for various pathogens and parasites, leading to deterioration of ecological conditions. In order to restore the normal function of the river, dredging is needed.

[0003] At present, conventional river dredging technologies are divided into two categories according to the operation methods: draining dredging and underwater dredging. The draining dredging method requires the construction of a temporary cofferdam first, and then the river water is drained to carry out dry excavation or hydraulic excavation dredging; the underwater dredging method mainly relies on dredging ships as construction platforms, equipped with dredging machines based on different principles to excavate silt on the water surface, and then transport the silt to the shore yard through a pipeline transportation system. According to the dredging principle, it can be divided into grab dredging, pump suction dredging, cutter suction dredging and bucket wheel dredging.

[0004] In recent years, measures such as jet sand flushing combined with artificial shaping of density flow to discharge sand, multi-reservoir joint regulation of artificial flood peak to discharge sand, low water level, high sand content, large flow, and long duration to discharge sand have been carried out. These methods mainly use the natural force of water flow, and are partially supplemented by high-pressure jet sand flushing or sand stirring boats to disturb sand, and have achieved relatively obvious results in reservoir sand discharge. However, after the high-sand content water flows out of the reservoir, the flushing effect on the downstream wandering river channel is not obvious.

[0005] In summary, traditional and common dredging methods are limited in adaptability to certain scenarios. Although they can achieve dredging effects in a short time, the dredging effects are poor. The dredging process requires a lot of manpower, material resources and dredging machinery and equipment, which results in high costs. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a spherical dredging device for stirring and disturbing sand in a suspended river channel, which is suspended in the river channel and relies on the hydraulic conditions of the river channel itself to disturb the bed sand to achieve the purpose of dredging the river channel.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0008] A spherical silt-clearing device for stirring and disturbing sand in a suspended river channel comprises a spherical shell with a hollow structure, the spherical shell being composed of two hemispherical outer shells made of stainless steel, the outer edges of the open ends of the hemispherical outer shells being provided with a plurality of evenly distributed connecting ear plates along the circumferential direction, the connecting ear plates on the two hemispherical outer shells being connected and fixed by bolts and nuts; a hemispherical inner shell made of concrete is installed in the two hemispherical outer shells, a positioning hole is provided on the outer surface of the hemispherical inner shell, a positioning pin is matched with the hemispherical outer shell and the positioning hole, the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole to fix the hemispherical The outer shell is fastened to the hemispherical inner shell; the spherical shell is provided with water injection holes and drainage holes symmetrically distributed along the central axis, the outer ends of the water injection holes and the drainage holes are provided with corresponding plugging valves, and the water injection holes and the drainage holes are connected with the inner cavity of the spherical shell; the outer surface of the spherical shell is provided with a sand disturbance device, the sand disturbance device is composed of sand disturbance units distributed at equal intervals, the sand disturbance unit is composed of a support rod and a sand disturbance head, and the sand disturbance device is welded to the outer surface of the hemispherical shell through the support rod; after the internal cavity of the spherical shell is filled with water, the specific gravity is controlled between 1.05 and 1.2.

[0009] Furthermore, a waterproof sealing ring is arranged between the opening end surfaces of the two hemispherical shells.

[0010] Furthermore, the two hemispherical inner shells are matched with each other in a mosaic structure to form a sphere.

[0011] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the water injection holes and drainage holes are both truncated cone-shaped.

[0012] Furthermore, the sand disturbing head of the above-mentioned sand disturbing unit is shaped like a shovel, an umbrella, or a semi-cone.

[0013] Furthermore, the length of the sand disturbing unit is 1 / 6 to 1 / 3 of the diameter of the spherical shell.

[0014] Furthermore, the sand disturbing head of the above-mentioned sand disturbing device is shaped as at least one of a shovel-shaped, umbrella-shaped, and semi-conical sand disturbing unit.

[0015] Furthermore, a corresponding hanging ring is arranged on the outer surface of the spherical shell.

[0016] A method for dredging sand in a suspended river channel, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned spherical dredging device for dredging sand by stirring sand, comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: According to the conditions and water depth in the river channel, a plurality of spherical sand stirring and dredging devices of corresponding sizes are manufactured and assembled;

[0018] Step 2: Place the sand-stirring and sand-disturbing spherical dredging devices in batches into the river channel that needs to be desilted and regulated, and after the internal cavity of the spherical shell is filled with water and the sealing valve is closed, the specific gravity is controlled between 1.05 and 1.2 to ensure that the sand-stirring and sand-disturbing spherical dredging devices can be sunk into the silt and suspended on the surface of the silt;

[0019] Step 3: Using the head difference of the river channel itself, under the action of the natural flow of the river channel water, the spherical silt removal device for stirring and disturbing sand is pushed to roll downstream. During the rolling process, the sand disturbance device stirs and lifts up the compacted sand and silt in the river channel, thereby achieving sand stirring, disturbing sand and dredging in the river channel;

[0020] Step 4: When the sand-stirring and sand-disturbing spherical silt-clearing device is stuck in a sub-channel in the wandering river channel, the water flow velocity around the sand-stirring and sand-disturbing spherical silt-clearing device will increase due to the reduction of the water flow section at this part, thereby enhancing the scouring and sand-carrying capacity of the area, and achieving the purpose of sand disturbance and scouring and silting.

[0021] Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] The spherical dredging device for stirring and disturbing sand in a suspended river channel has a reasonable and novel structural design, is simple to operate, flexible to use, easy to manufacture and install, safe and reliable, can be suspended in the river channel to stir and disturb sand by natural hydraulic action, has high dredging efficiency, reduces operating costs, saves time and effort, saves energy and reduces consumption, has a wide range of applications, and has good promotion and application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the spherical silt-clearing device for stirring and disturbing sand in a suspended river channel of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the spherical shell in FIG.

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hemispherical shell;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the spherical shell;

[0027] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a sand disturbance unit;

[0028] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a sand disturbance unit;

[0029] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the third embodiment of the sand disturbance unit;

[0030] In the figure: 1 - spherical shell; 2 - umbrella-shaped sand-disturbing unit; 3 - semi-conical sand-disturbing unit; 4 - shovel-shaped sand-disturbing unit; 5 - water injection hole; 6 - bolt; 7 - connecting ear plate; 8 (a, b) - hemispherical outer shell; 9 (a, b) - hemispherical inner shell; 10 - positioning pin; 11 - drainage hole; 12 - sealing ring; 13 - umbrella-shaped sand-disturbing head; 14 - support rod; 15 - shovel-shaped sand-disturbing head; 16 - semi-conical sand-disturbing head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the spherical silt-clearing device for stirring and disturbing sand in a suspended river channel comprises a spherical shell 1 with a hollow structure, the spherical shell being composed of a hemispherical outer shell 8a and a hemispherical outer shell 8b made of stainless steel, a plurality of evenly distributed connecting ear plates 7 are arranged on the outer edge of the opening end of the hemispherical outer shell along the circumferential direction, the connecting ear plates on the two hemispherical outer shells are connected and fixed by bolts 6 and nuts, and a waterproof sealing ring 12 is arranged between the open end surfaces of the two hemispherical outer shells; a hemispherical inner shell 9a and a hemispherical inner shell 9b made of concrete are respectively installed in the hemispherical outer shell 8a and the hemispherical outer shell 8b, a positioning hole is opened on the outer surface of the hemispherical inner shell, and a matching positioning hole is arranged on the inner surface of the hemispherical outer shell A positioning pin 10 is inserted into the positioning hole to fasten the hemispherical outer shell to the hemispherical inner shell; the spherical shell is provided with water injection holes 5 and drainage holes 11 symmetrically distributed along the central axis, the cross-sections of the water injection holes 5 and the drainage holes 11 are both truncated cone-shaped, and corresponding plugging valves are provided at the outer ends of the water injection holes and the drainage holes, and the water injection holes and the drainage holes are connected to the inner cavity of the spherical shell; a sand disturbance device is evenly distributed on the outer surface of the spherical shell, and the sand disturbance device is composed of at least one sand disturbance unit distributed at equal intervals, and the sand disturbance unit is composed of a support rod 14 and a sand disturbance head as a whole, and the sand disturbance device is welded to the outer surface of the hemispherical shell through the support rod; the length of the sand disturbance unit is preferably 1 / 6 to 1 / 3 of the diameter of the spherical shell.

[0033] The butt joint surfaces of the above-mentioned hemispherical inner shell 9a and hemispherical inner shell 9b can be aligned with the butt joint surfaces of the hemispherical outer shell 8a and hemispherical outer shell 8b respectively, and grooves are opened on the outer surfaces of the two hemispherical inner shells, which are connected by stainless steel wire ropes to form a sphere.

[0034] The butt joint surfaces of the hemispherical inner shell 9a and the hemispherical inner shell 9b may also be perpendicular to the butt joint surfaces of the hemispherical outer shell 8a and the hemispherical outer shell 8b to form an inlaid structure.

[0035] like Figure 5As shown, the sand disturbing unit is composed of a support rod 14 and an umbrella-shaped sand disturbing head 13; Figure 6 As shown, the sand disturbing unit is composed of a support rod 14 and a shovel-shaped sand disturbing head 15; Figure 7 As shown, the sand disturbing unit is composed of a support rod 14 and a semi-conical sand disturbing head 16 as one body.

[0036] The sand disturbing device comprises a sand disturbing head having at least one of a shovel-shaped sand disturbing unit 4, an umbrella-shaped sand disturbing unit 2, and a semi-conical sand disturbing unit 3.

[0037] The spherical silt clearing device for stirring and disturbing sand in the suspended river channel has a specific gravity controlled between 1.05 and 1.2 after the internal cavity of the spherical shell is filled with water, ensuring that the spherical silt clearing device for stirring and disturbing sand can be sunk into the silt and float on the surface of the silt, and roll downstream under the action of a relatively small hydraulic force. Sand disturbing devices of different shapes can lift up the silt in the river channel to achieve sand stirring and disturbing sand in the river channel; can adapt to and control different riverbed conditions and silt compaction degrees, and maximize the sand stirring and disturbing effect; at the same time, the spherical silt clearing device for stirring and disturbing sand also changes the water flow area of ​​the wandering river channel section, causing the water flow velocity around the spherical silt clearing device for stirring and disturbing sand to increase, thereby enhancing the sand carrying capacity of the water flow, and the river water drives the lifted and washed bed sand to be transported downstream, that is, the purpose of sand disturbing and silting can be achieved.

[0038] The spherical silt-clearing device for stirring and disturbing sand in a suspended river channel has a spherical shell with a hanging ring on its outer surface.

[0039] When in use, the spherical dredging device for stirring and disturbing sand in the suspended river channel is thrown into the river channel multiple times in different time periods, which has a better dredging effect and a wider range of sand stirring and disturbing sand.

[0040] The spherical silt-clearing device for stirring and disturbing sand in a suspended river channel of the present invention can also be provided with a corresponding positioning system to facilitate searching and operation management.

[0041] A method for dredging sand in a suspended river channel, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned spherical dredging device for dredging sand by stirring sand, comprises the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: According to the conditions and water depth in the river channel, a plurality of spherical sand stirring and dredging devices of corresponding sizes are manufactured and assembled;

[0043] Step 2: Place the sand-stirring and sand-disturbing spherical dredging devices in batches into the river channel that needs to be desilted and regulated, and after the internal cavity of the spherical shell is filled with water and the sealing valve is closed, the specific gravity is controlled between 1.05 and 1.2 to ensure that the sand-stirring and sand-disturbing spherical dredging devices can be sunk into the silt and suspended on the surface of the silt;

[0044] Step 3: Using the head difference of the river channel itself, under the action of the natural flow of the river channel water, the spherical silt removal device for stirring and disturbing sand is pushed to roll downstream. During the rolling process, the sand disturbance device stirs and lifts up the compacted sand and silt in the river channel, thereby achieving sand stirring, disturbing sand and dredging in the river channel;

[0045] Step 4: When the sand-stirring and sand-disturbing spherical silt-clearing device is stuck in a sub-channel in the wandering river channel, the water flow velocity around the sand-stirring and sand-disturbing spherical silt-clearing device will increase due to the reduction of the water flow section at this part, thereby enhancing the scouring and sand-carrying capacity of the area, and achieving the purpose of sand disturbance and scouring and silting.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spherical silt removal device for stirring and disturbing sand in a suspended river channel, characterized by: It includes a spherical shell with a hollow structure, which is composed of two hemispherical outer shells made of stainless steel. The outer edge of the open end of the hemispherical outer shell is provided with a number of evenly distributed connecting ear plates along the circumferential direction, and the connecting ear plates on the two hemispherical outer shells are connected and fixed by bolts and nuts; the two hemispherical outer shells are both installed with a hemispherical inner shell made of concrete, and the outer surface of the hemispherical inner shell is provided with a positioning hole, and the hemispherical outer shell and the positioning hole are matched with a positioning pin, and the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole to fasten the hemispherical outer shell and the hemispherical inner shell; the spherical shell is provided with water injection holes and drainage holes symmetrically distributed along the central axis. The outer ends of the water injection hole and the drainage hole are provided with corresponding blocking valves, and the water injection hole and the drainage hole are connected with the inner cavity of the spherical shell; the outer surface of the spherical shell is provided with a sand disturbance device, which is composed of sand disturbance units distributed at equal intervals, and the sand disturbance unit is composed of a support rod and a sand disturbance head, and the sand disturbance device is welded to the outer surface of the hemispherical shell through the support rod; after the internal cavity of the spherical shell is filled with water, the specific gravity is controlled between 1.05 and 1.2; the shape of the sand disturbance head of the sand disturbance device is at least one of a shovel-shaped, umbrella-shaped, and semi-conical sand disturbance unit; the connection structure between the two hemispherical inner shells and the outer shell is any one of the following two types: (1) The butt joint surfaces of the two hemispherical inner shells are aligned with the butt joint surfaces of the two hemispherical outer shells to form an inlaid structure, and grooves are opened on the outer surfaces of the two hemispherical inner shells, which are connected by stainless steel wire ropes to form a sphere; (2) The butt joint surfaces of the two hemispherical inner shells are perpendicular to the butt joint surfaces of the two hemispherical outer shells to form a mosaic structure.

2. A method for dredging by stirring and disturbing sand in a suspended river channel, which is implemented based on the spherical dredging device for stirring and disturbing sand according to claim 1, and is characterized by: It includes the following steps: Step 1: According to the conditions and water depth in the river channel, a plurality of spherical sand stirring and dredging devices of corresponding sizes are manufactured and assembled; Step 2: Place the sand-stirring and sand-disturbing spherical dredging devices in batches into the river channel that needs to be desilted and regulated, and after the internal cavity of the spherical shell is filled with water and the sealing valve is closed, the specific gravity is controlled between 1.05 and 1.2 to ensure that the sand-stirring and sand-disturbing spherical dredging devices can be sunk into the silt and suspended on the surface of the silt; Step 3: Using the head difference of the river channel itself, under the action of the natural flow of the river channel water, the spherical silt removal device for stirring and disturbing sand is pushed to roll downstream. During the rolling process, the sand disturbance device stirs and lifts up the compacted sand and silt in the river channel, thereby achieving sand stirring, disturbing sand and dredging in the river channel; Step 4: When the sand-stirring and sand-disturbing spherical silt-clearing device is stuck in a sub-channel in the wandering river channel, the water flow velocity around the sand-stirring and sand-disturbing spherical silt-clearing device will increase due to the reduction of the water flow section at this part, thereby enhancing the scouring and sand-carrying capacity of the area, and achieving the purpose of sand disturbance and scouring and silting.

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